Initia Amharica: An Introduction to spoken Amharic

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INITIA An

AMHARICA

introduction to spoken Amharic

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS ILontion:

C. F.

FETTER LANE, E.G. CLAY, Manager

t

i

INITIA AMHARICA An

introduction to spoken Amharic

BY C.

H.

ARMBRUSTER, Sudan

late of

H.M.

M.A.

Civil Service;

Administration, British Central Africa;

sometime Minor Scholar of King's College, Cambridge

Part

II

ENGLISH-AMHARIC VOCABULARY WITH PHRASES

Cambridge at

:

the University Press

1910

©woi Ae nApA

yn' 6KACTO0N AKOH

nANTA ton AoroN ynoKeeTAi on ta AeroMeNA rp-^^OO.

Herod,

ii.

123.

To Carleton Skarratt

a 3

PREFACE.

THE

words and phrases in this work have been taken down from the mouth of natives ^ As many as possible of the phrases are such as have

been said spontaneously,

are not the products

The Abyssinian,

of cross-examination.

members

i.e.

like

other

of partially civilised peoples, or uneducated

individuals of

hi<::hly civilised races,

does not always

speak naturally when ([uestioned by a stranger. If he has had no education of any kind he experiences the same difficulty in answering enciuiries concerning the language he unreflectin«»ly uses as would, in similar circumstances, an uncultured European. Those, on the other hand,

who have any smattering

of learning tend to supply one with 'fine language' 2, which may or may not be idiomatic, instead of the

ordinary conversational expressions current amongthemselves. In any case it is of course incompatible with the position of the white

man

that natives should

address him in the style in which they address one another. I have, therefore, paid more attention to

what I have heard natives say to each other than to what thev have said to me, and have not excluded ^

While the language of

been noted,

it

is

all sorts

and conditions of men has

hardly necessary to say that care has been

taken to avoid as informants individuals speaking Tigrmna, Agluiina, Galliuiia, Arabic, etc., and knowing Amharic only as

an acquired tongue. 2

cp. the so-called jJl*

^^J* and ^Si^^-

Preface.

viii

words or modes of expression on account of their so-called vulgarity^ the object in view being to give ;

some description not

so

much

of what, in the opinion

of learned Europeans and natives, Abyssinians ought to say as of what in point of fact they

do

say.

In dealing with a spoken language

have not

I

hesitated to use colloquial English.

Those who wish to pursue their acquaintance with Amharic beyond this Introduction I would refer to *

'

my

the writings of Guidi, nificent

'

Vocabolario

indebtedness to which I

most gratefully. In his maga work indispensable to serious

desire to acknowledge ',

students of the language, there

is

a brief bibliography

of Amharic and kindred subjects.

In the few cases where I have differed from Guidi in regard to the meaning of words ^ it has been with diffidence, and only after repeated verification. Differences as regards form are of

more frequent

as I have

concerned myself with the spoken rather than the written word.

occurrence,

The publication of

this series

has been rendered

possible by the financial assistance of the Egyptian

Government, as advised by Lord Cromer, and by the attitude

liberal

of the Syndics

of the

University

Press, Cambridge.

Quot homines,

^

201

p.

?i'>'h'J

vulgaire

'

:

yet

'

e

I

tot sententiae

I

man

p.

487)

find in use.

Mondon-Vidailhet, Gram,

of great courtesy and refinement.

In cases like ?iH,^ or

(Vocab.

e.g.

heard this useful word employed repeatedly by

Dajjazmac Gassasa, a 2

:

Cette facon de parler passe aujourd'hui pour

may be

hTI^ =

there,

Guidi's

the original meaning

:

I

'quello L\'

give the one

ix

Preface. I wish to express

my

cordial thanks, for valuable

information supplied and for assistance rendered in

many

ways, to Lieut.-Gen. Sir F. Reginald Wingate,

K.C.B.

etc..

Sirdar and Governor-General, A. F. Broun,

Mrs H. M. Broun, A. L. Butler, Esq., J. B. Christopherson, Esq., M.D. etc., J. Grieve, Esq., H. H. King, Esq., Maj. W. S. R. May, Capt. R. C. R. Owen, C.M.G., F. M. Simpson, Esq., M.A. and Lt.-Col. E. B. Wilkinson, of the Sudan Government: to Lt.-Col. Lord Edward Cecil, D.S.O. and Capt. the Hon. C. James, of the Egyptian Government to Capt. R. B. Black, Capt. C. Ganice, D.S.O. and El Yuzbashi Mustafa EfFendi Izzeddin, of the Egyptian Army: to H. Farnall, Esq., Esq.,

:

C.B. to

of the Caisse de la Dette, to

etc.,

W.

B. Heard,

Es(i., late

Dr

A. Forel,

H.M. Vice-Consul

at

Addis

Abeba, to Dr E. A. Wallis Budge, of the British Museum, and at Cambridge to Prof F. C. Burkitt, Dr M. R. James, George Wherry, Escj., MA. etc., R. T. Wright, Esq., M.A., A. R. Waller. Esq., M.A. and to J.

Clay, Esq.,

Foreman

:

M.A. and his

X'J'^^U

•

staff,

tiK^^^f

-

rt?*^-

Mr W.

notably •

nft^F- A^^"*^ •

:

J.

UA

Notices of errors and suggestions for improvements will

to

be thankfully received, and should be addressed

me c/o

The Sudan Agent,

War

Office,

Cairo. C.

Cambridge, August, 1910.

H.

ARMBRUSTER.

XI

CONTENTS. PAGE

Preface

vii

Abbreviations

xiii

Use of Brackets and Hyphens Abbreviations of

Works

referred to

...

xv .

Note on Phonology

xvi xviii

Corrigenda

xxvii

English-Amharic Vocabulary

1

Addenda

426

Appendix

A.

Principal Parts of Verbs

Appendix

B.

Grammatical Note

Appendix

C.

Note on Guidi's Review of Part

.

.

.

457 498

I.

.

503

Xlll

ABBREVIATIONS. abbr. abbreviated, (-tion).

esp. especial(ly).

ace. accusative.

Eth. Ethiopic.

act. active.

euphem. euphemism,

adj. adjective, (-val, -vally).

adv. adverb(ial,

Ag.

Agau

-ially).

Am.

(Auni,

Agauii-

(-istic,

-istically).

Eur. European, f.

feminine,

fin. final.

fia).

Am. Amharic.

Fr. French.

an. animate.

G. Gojjdm.

App. Appendix,

Gall. Gallinfia.

approx. approximate(ly).

gen. general(ly).

Ar. Arabic.

Ger. German.

art. article,

Gr. Greek,

aux. auxiliary.

i.

B. B^c^gamdir.

i.e.

intransitive,

that

is.

the same place,

card, cardinal,

ib. in

caus. causative,

id.

comp. com])ound.

imp. impemtive.

compos, composition,

imperf. imperfect,

conj. conjunction, (-tive).

impers. impersonal(ly).

conjug. conjugation,

inan. inanimate,

conn, connected,

ind. indicative,

constr. constructed, (-tion).

indecl. indeclinable,

the same,

cont. contingent (mood),

indef. indefinite,

cp. compare(8).

inf. infinitive,

D. 13ambya.

inter, interrogative,

dat. dative,

interj. interjection,

dem. demonstrative,

iron, ironical(ly).

dist. distributive,

It

e.g.

for instance,

juss. jussive.

eccl. ecclesiastic(al, -ally),

1.

emph. emphasis,

lit.

end.

enclitic.

Eng. English. AM. GR.

(ll)

Italian,

(-atic).

line.

literal(ly).

m. masculine,

med. medical. b

Abbreviations.

XIV

rad. radical(ly).

mil. military.

neg. negative.

recip. reciprocally ).

nom. nominative. num. numeral.

s.

substantive.

s.v.

under the word

(in

vo-

cabularies).

obj. object.

onom. ouomatopoetic.

namely understand (some-

sc.

;

thing unexpressed).

ord. ordinal. p. page, passive.

8g. singular.

part, participle.

simp, simple.

perf. perfect.

sp. species.

pers. person(al, -ally).

subj. subject.

pi. plural.

subst. substantive, (-val,-vally).

plup. pluperfect

suff. suffix(ed).

pol. polite, the

form for ad-

S.

dressing superiors.

t.

S|ua (Shoa). transitive.

poss. possessive.

Te. Tigre (^asa).

pref. prefix(ed).

Tna. Tigrinna.

pron. pronoun (-nominal).

us. usual(ly).

prop, proper(ly).

V.

prov. proverb.

vet. veterinary.

prp. preposition.

vocab. vocabulary,

q.v.

which

see

(in

vocabu-

verb.

Ist,

2nd, 3rd

:

(-ries).

the respective

persons.

laries). r.

reflexive.

V -

long.

root or stem.

V very

short.

-^ sometimes long, sometimes short. '

stress accent

the

first

;

words marked with two accents usually have

when

final,

the second before another word (§

8).

f not in general use. * theoretical form.

=

amounts

§ refers to

Names

to, is

equal

to,

the same

the paragraphs of the

as.

Grammar

of plants also denote their flowers

balas,

8.

fig (tree

and

fruit).

(Part

and

I.).

fruits

:

e.g.

flAft

:

:

XV

USE OF BRACKETS AND HYPHENS. In English Inclusive

(a)

dirt,

(-ty,

s.

adj.)

=

dirt,

s.

and

dirty,

adj.

which

(for

Amharic uses the same word).

He (b)

(it) is

= he

is

;

also

it is.

:

Explanatory

Disposition

(character)

=

disposition

in

the

sense

of

character.

In Amharic id(i)f=idif andidf.

= tiqissa and tfqsa. (^]^r[v]c^' = ?^r'vc^,

tiq(J8)sa

and

^^C^.

sababbara

(-ya-, -ar-)

=

sabdbbara

bdbbara and sayjibbara, (see In English the masculine specified,

and

^rvc^, ^^rcH-

also

'you'

and

is

;

also saydbb^rgi, sa-

§ 7d).

intended unless the feminine

similar words are singular unless

is

marked

plural.

In the phrases the Eng. verbs in the 2nd pers. are pi.,

after the translation of a phrase

= the same

sg.

;

pol.,

phrase with the

subject in the pol. or pi.

Pull pi.

it

:

flUoh ti sayau,

-fl*^

ss

-yut

= Pull

(pi.) it

:

^n*^

:;

sayut.

Has he been summoned ? 'f"niC;t^K tatartoal?, pol. & pi. -"fP^ K -taual ? = Has he (pol.) or have they been summoned ? f'rnC'h'PAs tafartaual ?

b2

XVI

ABBREVIATIONS OF WORKS REFERRED Grammatica

Afevork, Gram.

TO.

della lingua amarica,

di

G. J.

Afevork, Roma, 1905.

Observations on the Geology and Blandford, Geol. & Zool. Zoology of Abyssinia, by W. T. Blandford, London, 1870.

Broun, Cat. Catalogue of Sudan Flowering Plants, by A. F. Broun, Director of Woods and Forests, Sudan Government,

Khartoum,

1906.

Grammaire Ethiopienne, par le

Chaine, Gram. Eth. S. J.,

A

Cust, Lng. Afr.

by Guidi, I.

P.

M. Chaine

Beyrouth, 1907.

Sketch of the Modern Languages of

Afi-ica,

R. N. Cust, London, 1883. Sulle coniugazioni

Coniug.

Guidi, in the Zeitschrift

fiir

verbo amarico.

del

Di

Assyriologie, viii.

Gram. Grammatica elementare della lingua amarina, 2nd edition, Roma, 1892. Guidi, Prov. Proverbi, strofe e racconti abissini, tradotti e pubblicati da Ignazio Guidi, Roma, 1894.

Guidi,

Guidi, Redupl. di

I.

Sulla reduplicazione delle consonanti amariche,

Guidi,

the

in

Glottologico Italiano,

Supplement!

Roma,

Periodic!

all'Archivio

1895.

Vocabolario Amarico-Italiano, compilato da Roma, 1901. Isenberg, Gram. Grammar of the Amharic Language, by the Rev. C. W. Isenberg, London, 1842.

Guidi,

L

Vocab.

Guidi,

Lepsius, St. Alph.

languages

and

Standard Alphabet for reducing unwritten foreign graphic systems to a uniform

orthography in European edition, London, 18G3. Ludolf, Lex. /Eth.

I.

letters,

by

C.

R

Lepsius, 2nd

Ludolfi Lexicon ^thiopico-Latinum, editio

secunda, Francofurti ad

Moenum, 1699. Grammaire de

Mondon-Vidailhet, Gram. la langue abyssine (amhariquc), par C. Mondon-Vidailhet, Paris, 1898.

Munzinger,

Vocab.

W. Munzinger,

Vocabulaire Leipsic, 1865.

de

la

langue

tigr6,

par

Abbreviations of Works referred Praetorius,

Am.

Spr.

to.

xvii

Die Amharische Sprache, von F. Prae-

torius, Halle, 1879.

Praetorius, Gram. yEth.

Grammatica

^Etliiopica, scripsit

Dr

F.

Praetorius, Carlsruhe, 1886.

Reinisch, Chamir. Reinisch, Reinisch,

I.

&

Quara.

Reinisch,

I.

&

Die Chamirsprache in Abessinien, von Leo II., Vienna, 1884. Die Quarasprache in Abessinien, von Leo IL, Vienna, 1885, III. Vienna, 1887.

Worterbuch der Bedauye-Sprache, von Leo Reinisch, Vienna, 1895. Vollers and Burkitt, Gram. A Grammar of the Modern Egyptian Dialect of Arabic, by K. Vollers and F. C. Burkitt,

Reinisch, Wort. Bed.

Cambridge, 1895.

XVlll

NOTE ON PHONOLOGY. {The following paragraphs are quoted from Initia

Amharica, Part

I.)

Phonetic Alphabet. §

In order to designate the pronunciation of Amharic

3

as far as possible without ambiguity I employ the following phonetic alphabet. The principle

held in

view

is

that one letter should never represent

more

than one sound, and one sound should not be represented by more than one letter^. In regard to the

consonants this

is

a feasible system

but the fluctuating character of some of the short vowels precludes a strict adherence to it, which would involve the use of an impracticably large number of letters to represent variations of no essential importance. The ;

indications, then,

by means of examples taken from European languages of the value of the sounds which occur are, especially in the case of the vowels, only approximately exact.

With the exception of the 'explosive 2' sounds represented by p, q, t, 6, s, and the guttural x (frequently pronounced k by Abyssinians themselves) the pronunciation of Amharic presents to

little difficulty

an Englishman. St Alph.

^

Lepsius,

'

See end of

this

§.

pp. 31, 32, 38.

Note on Phonology.

3]

§

xix

Vowels.

marked

All vowels are pronounced short unless

~ = long, "^ = long or short, ^ = very short.

a in

It. fatto.

the same lengthened, e in bet, but more open, the same lengthened,

aO

a in formula, e in Fr. the same lengthened,

'

a

le.

I

e

e in bet, but less open,

e

the same lengthened.

1

i

1

the same lengthened.

1

i

in

minuto.

It.

in quick,

but pronounced with the

lips

more

closed.

the same lengthened.

u

in Fr. absolument.

a in was. o in

It.

caro,

but more open (not o aperto).

the same lengthened.

u u

in

full,

in

It.

a a and

a*

luna.

represent the same vowel in Amharic

The above examples show, approximately, the commonest pronunciations of this variable voweP. (giTz

§ 4).

When

ji

a

are given as alternatives they represent

ft)

a gradation of sounds from e in bet through approx. u in 'but', eu in Fr. neuf, e in Fr. le, o in Ger. Gotter *

'

to a in 'was' ^

St. '

Guidi,

Alph.

oflfering

(§

Id).

Gram. §46, 'suono non ben determinato see Lepsius, 48, and cp. our varying pronunciations of e in girl i in u in occurrence.' '

p.

'

*

',

',

;

XX

Note on Phonology.

rs

3

Diphthongs.

Diphthongs are merely their component vowels pronounced in rapid succession without any intervening hiatus.

They are marked ^.

approximations are ai

i

ai

ai in Ger.

o

o

The

following

fairly close:

in bite.

au

au

o

o in no.

Waise.

in Ger. aus.

oy in boy. Co7isonant8.

ch in Ger. noch.

X h

h

k

an explosive guttural pronounced a little further back than k^ the centre of the tongue is raised towards the palate. k in kin.

in he.

;

g

g in go. ng in singing.

t

tt in hottest,

but pronounced with an explosion. sibilant t, similar to ts in pots, but pronounced with an explosion.

s

ch in church, but pronounced with an explosion,

ch in cheese, sh in she. z I

j in Fr. je.

^

but not as far back as Syrian J.

Note on Phonology.

§ 3]

but the tongue comes nearer the

in jam,

J

j

y n

y in you. \\ in Spanish

t

dental

t,

d

dental

d,

s

s in so.

z

z in size.

1

1

r

r in red.

n

n

in no.

P P b

p

in pot.

in

xxi teeth.

sefior.

as in Fr. tu. as in Fr. de.

let.

p pronounced with an b in be.

explosion,

f

bilabial

f,

(the teeth not touching the

y

bilabial

v,

b

f

labiodental, f in ftm.

V

labio-dental, v in van.

w

w

in wan,

in

lips),

Spanish arriba.

but the

lips

are

more open

:

u

in

It.

uomo.

^

y,

^,

are

h, y, w,

pronounced very

slightly, ^

almost merged into the adjacent vowel final

tending to disappear,

y and

(§

Id),

w may be

and and

"^

^

regarded

and u respectively; after a vowel they often pass into those vowels and form

as the consonantal forms of

diphthongs

(cp.

y in layer,

a + wa = aua; similarly

become

yy,

ww

i

i

w

in lower): a

+ ya = dia,

and u when doubled

(§

6)

(uw).

pronounced with emphasis, and appear to be separated from a following vowel by a q,

p,

t,

s,

c are

slight explosion of breath.

ferent from k, p,

t, s, c.

They are

radically dif-

Note on Phonology.

XXll

[§4a

The Amharic Characters: §

4a

Amharic employs the Ethiopic

with

syllabary,

additional signs representing sounds not occurring in

The

Ethiopic.

characters are read from

left

to right.

There are seven forms of each character, each representing the consonant followed by (and including) a These seven classes are known by different vowel. their Ethiopic names (of which the Amharic pronunciation I.

is given).

IbH

gfiz, original,

representing the con-

sonant followed by

a

II.

hd-fl

kaiv, second,

u

III.

"^Aft

sdlis, third,

1

IV.

^-fld

rdvi, fourth,

a

V.

^ri\ hdmis, ^J^ft

sddis, sixth,

VII.

fi'Hb

savi, •

o'

^e

fifth,

VI.

(a, a>)

i or no " vowel

^O

seventh, '

There is also a series of characters representing the consonant followed by w and a vowel this w is often pronounced o before a. ;

kdiv

rdvi

salis

li

ha

ih

hi!

VL

hi

y

ha

A

la

/V-

lu

A.

It

A

la

rh

ha

/li<

hii

rh,

'h

ha

ao

mao

-

*^

ma

"^

sa

^

ra

A

sa

miii

hi '^ mi

sa

I**-

C

ra °

4-

sii i

rii

i

1

1

IP

"t st

j^

I

ri I

I

A

sa

iA«

su

A.

st

hdmis

t

h^e

sddis

savi

Note on Phonology.

4a] kdiv ©•

gfiz 00

sa,

?r

sa

+ qa n

bao

+ ^

ca

ta o

ha nao na a

kao

h '^

xa

ID

wa,Waj o'

a H

TT

za o ^

f

za,

ya

^ da

K

ja

*»

ga

m

ta o

£Q>

ca

*

pa

S\

sa o

•

•

sa o •

^

fa o

T

pa

za

XXlll

XXIV

ariiz

Note on Phonology.

[§4a

§

Note on Phonology.

46]

xxv

Value of Characters.

In the traditional vowels of

Ethiopic

pronunciation

the

the classes except gfiz and sddis are

all

considered long; but in spoken Amharic they are all

constantly shortened

(§

7d).

The vowel of grfiz differs from much in quantity (rdyi often being which

in

U th "h h above are

varies

it

0^

(§

3)

that of rdvi not so short) as in quality,

But in The rdyi.

in different words.

of the same quality ^ as commonest values after the various consonants; but A la, l(o, and ^ ca, cw also occur. For this and other variations in pronunciation see § 7d. it is

its

Some characters which in Ethiopic are

represented different sounds

now pronounced the same and are

interchangeable in writing:

= rt sao h= a X = sao ip

•

0, is

h and and (§

and ^=C^ or

also written A
as such

(§

2)

d^.

contain no consonant, but are vowels

may be blended

with an adjacent vowel

7a) I ^

gfiz in these 5 letters as in

the rest

is

theoretically

and is usually pronounced so unless the accent long. (§ 8) falls on it when it is often pronounced ^ ha, ha occur as pronunciations of h Ti e.g. see App. B, § 7d. ^ ^A (for ^- + hii i.e. § 7a) sometimes sounds yaalla, but no hiatus the crasis is not always complete occurs between a apd A in any way comparable with

short,

;

_

;

j-

.

§

46

:

'

Note on Phonology.

xxvi

[§ 4c, §

:

5

Punctuation. §

4c

:

marks the end of a word.

J

corresponds to a semicolon.

a

full stop.

„

„

marks the end of a paragraph.

:!:

Doubling of Consonants. §

5

In English we pronounce doubled consonants as if they were single, only one f being heard in offer, In Amharic doubled consonants are prostiffer, etc.

nounced double: ff as -ff f- in 'off fur' (pronounced without any hiatus between the words) or ff in Italian goffo

;

as

tt

-t t-

in

*

hot tea

',

etc.

The Amharic characters represent not only single but also double consonants with a following: vowel: A = lao or

11a. o

Thus since

^=

t,

7 = n, 7i = s,

'

tt

ni,

nn or nnio

si,

ss or ssi, o'

o'

o'

'

^'>7i tfnnis, small,

or

ti,

tti

might be transliterated in 64

different ways.

There are no means of indicating by Amharic characters whether a consonant is doubled or not, or whether the consonant of a character in column VI of the syllabary (sddis) is followed by a vowel or not and in both cases both alternatives are common htwoD

a-mma-ma, o o

}\aD9^

f-ma-m, pain.

4*AT9"

qf-1-ti-m,

tllC

iij-&|-ggi-r,

9^^C

m-di-r, ground.

it

ached.

marrow. pronunciation.

XXVll

CORRIGENDA. Page

Txviii

:

ENGLISH-AMHARIC VOCABULARY § refers to the

not translated

a, indef. art.,

Horse:

d^^ils fdras. o

A horse abandon, '

paragraphs of the Grammar {Initia Amharica, Part I).

:

:

o

f dras. o

o

v.t. '^
^A

tdvva (tdua). O

O

O

^

O

'

tala o

A4»+ ld(iqaqa.

abandon (be abandoned v.t. hftA++ asldqqaqa. abandoned,

be, v.p. i'+fli

+^A v.i.

abdomen,

cause or

allow

to,

(-|ua).

tatala. o

•

o

tald.(iqaqa.

T^^A gwwddala. s.

If j^

h"od.

(lower) able, be,

68),

tatdwa

+A++ abate,

§

v.i.

(

= can)

flj^j^ bajiid.

^A

cdla.

+^AflH tacdlau (impers. § 43a). See § 63c. Are you able to walk ? ^AU ^rh.^AU:: cilah tiha:

ddllah?, pol. -fAtD-: AM. GR.

(ll)

jirh.^A*:-.

cilau yiliiidallu 1

?

.

ABO—ABS abound,

2

bazza.

v.i. flH

tarrafa o o o

't'ddn

about, adv.

(

(tar-). /

^

= approximately) ^OA

yahil (yahl;

s.v.

^

KhA).

About twenty U^ ^UA: ha^a y^hil. about, prp. ( = around) fl-...: ^ml-flba-... atagab :

:

(-ay;

§47&).

Round about

the house:

flfl.^:

hml'tts bav^et o •

ataorav.

about, prp.

(

= concerning)

P-...:

lIC

nagar (-gar;

ya-...

§476).

What

is

it

about?

f9"'Ji

i7C:

yamfn nagar

Vfl>-K

(§8)nai?^ above, adv.

A^ Idi. nA^ baldi

(§ 8).

above, prp. (of position)

[h-, i"-]

fl-

14 Above the house flfl.^ AR *^ above, prp. = exceeding) h- [-h-]

.

. .

A^

.«

ba-

(ka-,

(§§8, 475).

ta-)...

(

.

yammibalt

:

.-

:

bav^^et lai. o o •

.

.:

e'^fl

AT ka- (ta-).

(Ji*^- (i)mmi-, -iy-, -alt;

§

.

58c).

Or use other iparts of flAm ballata, to exceed. o o o Above ten: ;^/*'C: h'^flAT: tdssir immivalt. •

They are above ten: ^P'C-.

j&flA'HA' tdssir yiyal-

tallu.

abscess,

KflT fbat

s.

(fv-, -at).

?i'nm^ ibtat

xn*^ fbbaa abscond,

v.i.

absent, be,

m4-

v.i.

(iyt-, -tat).

(?

8).

taffa.

use neg. of

Vfl^

nabbara and of

(§39)-

He

is

absent

:

f Al^

•.:

yallam.

AiA dlla

ABS— ACC

3

He was absent hM(\d9^ii alndbbaram. o O *(Df A.A mdn-nau yal4lla? Who is absent ? *^'i Why were you absent? 9^1-. 'lOh: hMncV9^ii :

o

.-

:•.

.-

alnabbarhim? mln-nau o O o O abstract,

wassada

v.t. flirty

abstracted, be, v.p.

abundance,

s.

'

abundant,

i'toAf!^

"^CP

tawassada

(taiia-, -cos-).

tirf. o

adj. 'AH* bizu.

abuse (abusive language),

abuse

(wws-).

ftj^r-fl

saddaba

(revile), v.t. rt^fl

abuse one another,

s.

v.i.

sfdib

(-iy).

(aya).

i^rt-S^fl*

tasadaddabu

(tasad-,

-avu).

abused, be, Abyssinia,

v.p.

'hA^H tasaddaba

Vdfi h;ibasa

s.

(tas-, -aya).

(h;ly-, -as-).

Au'lhP-^J? ityOpya.

Abyssinian, adj. ^Odifi yiihabasa

Abyssinian,

s.

?0(\fi Utlli

:

(-hdy-,

-iis-).

yiihabasd sau (-hay-,

rta>-

hdbasa

(hay-,

-iis-

;

§ 8).

-iis-).

Acacia Siima {A, cam2)ylacantha\ Broun, Cat.

181),

s.

1*^Ci\ gimarda. accept, i-

++nA

v.t.

'

I will

taciabbala. O Ao O

not accept

O

(them

it

§

61&)

:

hA+flAi'":: aliq-

qdbbalim. accord, of one's

own "hl^^Oh :

(f)ndyau

Ki^ay- (f)ndau Ger.

He

(it)

did so of his

hf!,dlii

(§

35) of

(its)

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

^irtfl

dssaba

(-aya).

own accord Ki^^Oi* :

:

ndyau addrraga.

They gave

it

me

of their

rtm-^:: assivau sattuii. • Q. o

O

own accord:

KAflfl»-:

.

1—2

ACC—ACQ according

4

as, conj.,

according

prp.

to,

and ( = in proportion

as, to), ?i^ft-...»

batawarad (ya-, -and-). d't^d^s According as they work: h'i^'^A^: fli-V^j?:: (i)nda- (-da-)...

vataudrad. ndammisaru o o o o o According as they have worked: *

K'}^rt<-:

H't'^^s

According to your (pi.) work Mf!^tl^TO':

fli'
vataudrad. ndasdrru o o o o •

:

vataudrad. ndasirdccyuh o o o o »'

account,

(bill)

s.

•

M'il isab (-dy

^'?C This account

;

§ 8).

qwftir (qwtit-).

not correct: ^Vs

is

^hhA9":

K^'fli

h&F-^ii ylh isdv tikfkkilimm aidal

(S

7d).

closed: ^^-hC: +4-4*;: ddftar

The account was taiaqa.

Don't do

on any account

it

:

r'^Ti

tllf ">: ^;^J^C•7:s

miniram bih^'dn attadiig, pi. -CT".-. account-book, s. ^^I'C daftar (-tar). accusation, accuse,

s.

hft kiss,

kassasa. o o o

v.t. hrtrt

accused, be,

v.p. +hrtrt

accused

(the),

accuser,

s.

s.

takdssasa.

i'h^Ti takasds

h^Tf kasds

ache,

s.

ache,

v.i.

v.i.

lammada.

tumf^

imam.

haoao

My head

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

accustomed, be (become), "haoT*

-rigu.

ammama

(impers.

aches: ^ri^:

§

43a

^ao^^w

;

§ 63c?, e).

ras^en(§ 56c) yam-

maiinal. o

Acheta

sp.,

s.

acquaintance,

(knowledge)

hah^^ fiiljl:

acquainted with, be,

v.t.

fw(ti)qat.

limdd

h(D^ auwaqa

(§ 8).

(-wwq-).

;

ACQ—ADU

5 acquit,

v.t.

la- (§ 47a).

The Kas acquitted him:

^ft: d.dH-^^ii ras

%ra-

dullat. o

acquitted, be, v.p. i'd^d^ti^ tafarradallat (impers.

across, bring (take),

§

43a;

Mid assaogara (-gar-).

v.t.

come (go), v.i. & t. i-lind tasaggara (tas-, -gar-). They came across the river flJ^H"'}: i'Tf 14-:: wwn-

across,

:

zun act,

v.i.

tasaor^'aru.

hf!^dl addrraga.

active, adj. T-* niqu. activity,

'i^'i^ niciinnat (-nat).

s.

Adansonia digitata (Broun, Cat. add, v.i. & t. (up), KA jammala. (to) GB^aod

added, be,

v.p.

cdnmiara

firtata.

(-mar-).

'

(increase) T**^^ cimmdri.

s.

s.

^Cnm

tacammara oo^(-miir-). o-o

additional, adj. ^'^l, cimindri

address,

s.

(up) '\r%aoh tajaminala. '\rGS^at»L (to) I \

addition,

65),

(§

576).

(on letter) J^Ah-T* milikkit.

admirable, adj. *^fiA.y mrdafya. aDfiih9°

mdlkdm,

kdkdm

pi.

(§ 8).

admiration, interj. expressing

:

?inv"fl

hatuuv!).

asgdbba.

admit,

v.t.

h(ll(\

adore,

v.t.

Alft saggada (sag-, -gad-).

v.t.

hillm

adorn, '

asg>eta. O o .

adorned, adj. TiAl^

adornment,

s.

IT

sillim.

g>et.

•fiA'^^'sillfmdt (§8). \0 o O /

adult, adj.

^A^'

tflliq.

also aDfiihh9^ mal-

itub

!

(-uv

;

§

8

:

ADU— AGA adult,

6

"inn g^obaz

s.

(-Sya-).

wiisfmma (-sum-). adultery, s. ahfi9^^^ wusimmlnnat (-siim-, -nat). adultery, commit, v.i. (of the man) tD'Hao wassama adulterer,

s.

i»-7i'^

(wws-).

woman) fl>-*fi*^: ^tt^ sfmma ydzac (-cc § 6).

(of the 9^\lC mikir. o o

advice,'

s.

advise,

v.t.

affair,

s.

wii-

aohd mdkkara gwf dddi

T-Hf»

Vie nagar

(-kar-).

(gwiid-, giid-

;

§ 8).

(-gar).

afraid, be, v.i. rtp sagga.

A.^ farra

Don't be afraid

(far-).

h^tlpn

:

h^nVu

(encouragingly):

diz^o^tl, f ^J&HTIk

zodccyuh

after, prp. h- [i*-]

-auha-

§ 7f/

;

diz^oh

diz OsI,

pol.

!,

pi.

-gu.

-T".:

hj&H?'^::

^/^.^I,^l^a ai-

Id).

(§

!

attfsga, pi.

. .

§

:

.

fl^^A

ka- (ta-)

bahwdla

. . .

(ya-,

476).

After tea: Me,: AAA: kasai vauhdla. after

—may be rendered by

I will

i'ti-tii

go after you (him,

-t-h^^:

^x%fi^^h•.l

taqattala, to follow

her,

it,

takattiyye ihaddllaui^

afternoon, in the, (speaking beforehand)

takkiilaqan

Good

wwdya

afternoon

nd>et walh?, pi.

X*}^^

:

:

them,

61b):

(§ 7(?).

'Mfl-A+T-.- fli-S.^

(§ 8).

(on meeting)

pol.

§

hJ^^:

"ht^^

:

*PAO

;:

'PA'k nd^et walu?,

*PA^l^:: nd^et walaccyuh?

(§

7d).

afterwards, adv. :^A hwala.

AAA bahwdla (bauha- § 7c?). dagm^o [(dag-), ^*r* damm'^o ^7<w. daggama (dag-).

again, adv. A*7T* again, do,

Do it

v.t.

again

:

Jt75^« dfgam,

pi. --

-mu.

(dam-)],

AGE— AGR

7 age,

s.

Kjt*^ fdmye. (old)

What

hCgT

irjfnna.

your age ? h^'^V-.

is

fdm^eh

ft^^.- ia>-.:

sfnti

nau? aged

hC%

(elderly), adj.

ar'^^og^e.

ti^llfi* simagfllJ^e.

agent,

s.

i>V? hunafina (-nan-).

ago, adv. f H
Use

adarraga (q.v.). Ten days ago: fH<2,: fi^Cs +'>:

yiizdr^e assfr qan.

How many years ago is it?

tl'i^

hf^^dl

f H<2»

s

:

*J<w»^

.•

'kd^h

yazdr^e sint amat nau ? He came two months ago: f H<J» ^h^^: mC: 'lOhi faof^ yiimatta or y;izdr>e hiilatt wwr nau J o o o wwr hiin'^oi>A'V: (DC: ii-'r;l"A: h^w)'']:: hiilatt o :

::

tal

kamatta

him

I sent

(it)

(i'
little

qan

time ago

Long ago agree,

v.i.

Kit

h^{\>

:

•.

-.

^^'9°: qiddim.

:

X\l

hfi (l)ssi

-.

ayydl' e gfz> e.

(-si, -s>)

dla

(s.v.

VflA,

^ft

:

^A

^A

:

htioh dass (dass) dlau (impers.

dass

If he agrees to this

Do you

h^Cli

three days ago: ^A'>: +*>:

Ahih'T*:: s'^^ost

A

; '

• •

*'

§

44rt).

§

43a).

(diiss) ala.

:

flfl.U

agree to this

?

.-

Kii\

flJtU

.-

n,A

^A

:

.-

bazzfh

fssi yil.

^AVA «

bazzih

:

dass yfliihal? I

agree

(to

a proposal, or grant a request)

h*^^:: minkafFaii?, or O o '

i^'>

:

^1^^ « min

agree together,

v.i.

cao:2:aran

+A'^tfi>-

?

tasamammu

(tasam-).

+m^4'fli>- tataqdqqamu.

+'P^'^ tawaddadu

(taud-).

:

9°'ia

AGR—ALL

8

agreeable (amiable), adj. m*P'h? taifitdnna agreeable (amiable), be,

m^:

v.i.

(-tan-).

hti taff dla

(s.v.

VflA,

44a).

§

agreement,

s.

^C?

qwiirt.

wul.

fl>*A

They made an agreement: ^CT: hfidtn

qwtirt

adarraffu.

He

broke the agreement

:

*I>^CT

hd,dii s qwiirt

:

afdrrasa. o

o

o

Until the agreement terminates

^dil

s.

hllaD^ azmara

ahead, adv. (id.^ bdfi t

(-fft

©A^t^wo^ddfit

He s.

:

hfth.^ A4*s

;

(-mar-), § 8).

(-fit; §8).

has gone on ahead

hfdoal, or flift
A

will iskydlq diras.

i

agriculture,

fl>-

:

rh.^

•.

fl^f.^

:

::

rh«J?^A a

:

bafft

wwdafit hada.

ti'ti nffds (§ 8).

alarm,

s.

(fear)

'P^^

ffrat

(§ 8).

(rousing) 4*ft4*^ qisqasa.

alarm, v.i (frighten) hhd.^ asfarra

(-far-).

(rouse) ^rt+rt qasaqqasa.

alarm-clock,

flA^ai

s.

A

i

rt^^ baladdual

saa(t).

alert, adj. *>* nfqu.

alight, be,

v.i. (fire,

lamp) +fl^ tabarra

lamp

any

Is the

fdC^^

;:

(candle,

pron. U-As.v.

light) alight?

ao'd^^t

mavrdt tavdrtoal ? O O o •

alive, adj. +V^*PAall,

(-aya-).

•

tannanafsu.

hull- with pers. suff!

(§16,

§

126).

hhti.

Not all of it inrf". U-/V-: mac hiillu. Take it all away Ohiif^oh u-/V- k wtisadau :

:

s

hiillu.

'

ALL—ALO

9 Is that all?

Let them

^U:

yihe hiillu nau?

'kD".-.

ih/V-.-

come: ihA^iD-:

all

huMccau o

/i9"fli-::

yfmtu. All the

men

rtflJ-

:

l^A•

:

:

sdu

hiillu (cp.

They are coming back, transport and

all

§

52a).

:

f^oDtifiiin

•M^H^aJ- a yimmallasallu tannaofwazdccau. o o o o o'-' o 1/

He

has come after

Where has

all

56c;

all

right

!

all,

interj.

Kit

(f)ssi

nK

bd jja

adv. 9°'i9°'}

(s.v.

(§

(-si).

!

!

(b^j-).

yihun

minimmin '

I

(§

16),

only with neg. verb

°

38).

h-f katt"o It is of

I

S.V. hllli).

f^lhTr

at

mattakk^'o

:•.

to? fis ^OAs yan yahl ganzay yet hada?

TJH-fl: P*^: fh.^:: (§

rw>^Vi

money gone

that

all

!

no use at

(s.v. h-ti-).

all

9^'>9^'}

:

:

^-v

h^lA9^ « minfmmm o o o

airavam. o o •

allegory,

Allium

s.

i^^A» missdl^^e.

cepa,

s. Tf-^Vf-C'lh

+^:

siinkwurt.

i^'JW'C^ qdi (qayy

Allium sativum, s. V*?* Tf-'JW'C^ allow, v.t. +fli tdwa (taua). o o o o :

§

6) siinkwiirt.

niicc sunkwiirt.

^

Or use

causative in ht\- as-

(§

22a)

;

s.v. VflA.

(-dua). 'i ++0 tatawa 000^00'

allowed, be, v.p. Is

it

It is

allowed ?

je,1'

not allowed

:

yittduallwf ?

h^i'ah9°;i aittaum.

aloe {A. ahessinica, Broun, Cat. 573),

s.

alone, adv. •fl^ bfcca, with pers. suff! A-fl?^-

labicca- (avf-)

It stands alone

:

(s.v. -id|&).

-H^

.-

[?t]<J.^ (i)ryet (§ 8). (§

126). „

„

Van « biccd

(§

8) nau.

ALO— AMB

10

Leave him alone

Mi^ah:

:

-fwohv. lavfccau tauau,' o o o o

•

pi

:

+01.^::

.

.

along, adv. (intensive)

and a

clitic

along

along (-side

!

hidfkk^o

prp. h-

of),

[(tik-);

['^-].

.

.

:

pi. rlu-^Vi «

!,

T'7 ka-

(ta-)

hidiikk^o

. . .

tigg

I

(§ 8,

also, adv.

^1*P dagm^^o f/P

damm^o

hHw^^ s.

alter,

v.i.

;'-fl^

ka^rgidda

:

§

(dag-).

(dam-). 6

§

;

486).

(i)z(z)d^dya (-zdd-

tdb^dt

(-dyo-

(be altered,

must

v.t.

T*7

.•

ffdal.

-m (-mm

-9"

altar,

M^l^

:

^^0 tigg. s.

;

;

§

8).

§ 8).

talauwata.

v.p.) i'litDm

alter (be altered): j&AfliT:: yillauat.

Aaim lauwata. o o o •

Don't alter alteration,

it

:

h^lioh'mahv. attilauwutau. O O •©

Afl^'P laut.

s.

altogether, adv. T'^Ti cfrras

(§ 8).

was omitted altogether

*I?'^7i

:

:

qdrra.

always, adv. l^A'7H. hiillgiz^e (-A*?-

-llagi-).

Hfli^C zauwtir.

amber,

usually en-

suffix].

rh.Jt»i!:

alphabet,

It

biccdTan o

^^«)-

(§

alter,'

'lOhs h9"\r'iv.

:

©kk^^'o

[?i]ln

Alongside of the wall

It

tdut.

56d) naummh^'on.

(§

§

.

be alone: -fl^fT

I wish to

Go

.

s.

Hji'lh zeit.

ambiguous,

adj. a>-Afl>-A wulfwwiil.

MT-fii agwdgwtil.

+^

•.:

cirras

AMB—AND

11

amble,

wld s^ggara

v.i.

(-gitr-).

ambush, v.t. (lie in ambush, v.i.) Ai^fl adabba. Amharic, adj. & s. h9°:^C'^ amarinna. What is this called in Amharic? ^U: nrriC?

h'}^^

jiflA

s

A

yihe yamarfiiiia nd^ et yibbdlal

::

Do

they understand Amharic? h9^'>C^ yisamallu? amarinna o o o

-.

s

?

J2.rt*^A-::

•'

amiability,

s.

m¥;^

tafFita.

amiable, adj. m'P'h^ tafFitanna

(-tan-).

v.i.

ammunition,

s.

m*P: ^iA taff dla

amiable, be,

to, v.t.

VflA,

§

44a).

(i)rsds (§8).

[?i]C«^ft

Ti&-> tiyyit(tiy-;

amount

(s.v.

52«,

§

8).

at^ wwtta. Zdii ^

darrasa. o o o

^ihA akkala. o o

What

does

yuojtal

amuse,

v.t.

it

amount to?

ftTl*:

^(Dm^a

sint

?

h'^ati' acc;luwata (-wwt-). h'*i'P assd(ia.

amused, b6,

v.i.

amusement,

s. fiti.fli;i'

amusing,

"f+ sdqa (at

adj. ao**i'k9

and, conj. -9^ -m -'i'

(§

485,

ba-

§

47«).

(cdu-, -wt-).

masdqya.

(-mm

§ G).

-nna. §

The horse
cawata

fl-

72).

a bad one and the mule

is

h^:

hOhi

n4'/t"fl>-5^:

(D'^

'.

is

too dear;

*<»-•.:

'

faraSU O O

kffu nau vaql'^^oum wiiddio nau. o o o • o •

Bring some water and the
yizah

(§

:

je,HU:

8) na.

^h

(0*i^ s medicine wuhanna madhdn^itun :

:

AND— ANG and, conj.

12

—often not expressed

74c)

(§

He went and saw and returned

:

rh.^

hada ayya tamallasa. o o o o There is bread, meat and water htiii ddbb^o sfga wiiha dlla.

h^

:

:

'f'
*' •'

Where English

:

-^0

:

Z**^

s

OhV

s

Amharic subordinates one or more sentences, especially by the use of the gerund (§ 74a, b) Come back and take it away 'tao^ftV a^rt^fl^:: co-ordinates,

:

s

:

tamallisah wttsadau. o o o o

He

has taken and eaten the meat

nA:l:A

Go

:

/*'p

:

JiH

s

a sfga yiz'^o yaltoal.

market and buy some grain and come back: Ifl.^: rh^^U hV^: TH-MJ: Vs gdyya to the

:

hldah O

fhil d ffaztah na. O

O

o

and hang

Fill it

it

up

:

ao^i'V

:

ft4*Aa>- s

mdltah

slqalau.

and, conj. joining numerals over 99 and fractions

(§

20),

i-- ta-. o

mdt^o tasamdnya.

180:

ao-f^s i'fl^'}^'.

IV3:

Mjt: +^ft^^: and

and, conj.

(

= in order

tingent

(§

Come and

to)

Mj^-

s.

(i)nd(i)-, pref.

to con-

45).

see: V:

h'i^^&n na

anger, interj. expressing: KP»

anger,

tas^ostiyya.

ndittai.

a^^e! (si^e-6

!).

"d-Cd.^ k>v1irfya.

4»^^ qwdtta. angry, be, I

I

v.i.

(with,

v.t.)

+*fe^ taqwwtta

(§

63^,

e).

am not angry: hAi^fe^iM^:: altaqwojttahum. am angry with you: '^*feT^yAl^ taqwwticc^^e•.:

hdllauh.

:

ANI—ANT

13

When animal,

am angry do not come near me ft^fe"! 3\^9^^ siqqwwtta wwdan^^g attimta.

I

iD^i

:

:

::

(wild)

s.

hC*S dur^e {§

(domestic)

hlM

(i)nsasa

(horses, cattle, etc.)

ankle,

s.

(§

kayt (kaft

h'fl'Th

I (have)

^lA^

sprained

§

8

;

§

my ankle

•

§

7d).

(-cfmcimt, -'^9^

52a, y).

i^C'^9°'^'^^: idA^s

:

wdlamm qwiircimcimdt 1 o o o o

::

8).

7d).

<^C'^9^^9^^ qwurcimcfmit

*P"^^ -cimcfmat

annoy,

h^^'G^ arawit (§

7d), pi.

dlan.

•

hll'k^ asqwwtta.

v.t.

annoyed, be,

+'»'^^ tanaddada

v.i.

with,

(at,

fl-

ba-

§47a). I

am annoyed

with you

:

'^'i^^l^'flU

:•.

tanaddad-

hubbih. o

AnogeisHus lelocarpus (Broim, Cat. 188),

s.

hCVl^

kir-

kfrra. o

anoint,

v.t.

+fl

anointed, be,

answer,

s.

allii ?

answer,

v.p.

i^A'fi

Is there

v.i.

What ^^

qdbba.

i'+O tacjabba.

millas

(§ 8).

an answer?

— No. J^ATi

htiv.

:

f AJ^ « millas o

—yallam. &

t.

ootid mdllasa (mal-).

did he answer? 9^1

1

mdllamin o o o

aotiiiOhw

sail?

ant,

s.

(small black) *'}«^T' qu(n)cac (large,

(§ 8).

black or red) ^^Vi7i tiinkwas

(large black, harmless) l-iiC

gwiinddn

:

(§ 8).

'Y-'Tifil

(§8).

(large black, biting) *7'}^ gfeda. (driver, biting)

r-lfM gwdnddn

(white, = termite)

See

§

J^ftT mist.

52a,

S.

(§ 8).

g|bra

(-dvr-)

;

:

ANT— ANY antelope,

s.

14

(small) f '^^

anthelmintic, ant-hill,

fiyyal.

Vi^ k'^ds'^o.

s.

hCH*^ arbdcca

s.

¥f A yam^^eda

.•

(-rya-).

anus,

s.

[hj^'fl (Dr^eb (-ey).

anvil,

s.

aoii^

mazf

(§

7d).

manndc(c)aum (-mm § 6; §16). dnddcc (§ 8 fl6). h'i^n^(D'9" anddccaum (-mm § 6 § 16). haven't seen any of them: '^'^Vah'ir M^O-a

any, indef. pron. *n'^^tD'9"

M^^

;

;

I

:

mannaccaunnimm alayyau^ (§ 7d). He may come any day ^'>1^ n«^'?^a>-9" +'} ^aott\^ dingat yamannaccaum (§ 8) qan yima:

:

s

:

.;

tal.

Haven't you seen any? M^^.-

KAfUJ^-.-.

anddcc

alayyahim ?

Haven't you seen any of them? M^^fl>-'}5^:

andaccaunnimm any

alayyiih

MfUs

?

—often not expressed any water flJ-V f A9":: wdha yallam. Is there any? h^l\ alia? (§ Z2cl). Are there any ? ht)r\i allu ?

There

isn't

If there

is

any, bring

dmtau, (ndallantau

Was

.-

:

there any?

'id^i:

it §

"hlfiti

:

Y\9^tnah n ndalla,

:

7d).

nabbara?

anybody (anyone), indef pron.

<^'}J^

(§

SSd).

mannim (-mm,

§

6

§16). rtoJ-

Do not let anyone come nimm di^va. Is there

in

anybody there?

(S.V, ->).

:

sau. o

<^'}JP'

fiOha

:

hj2,*7n s

htita sdu

mdn-

d-llan?

ANY—ARM

15 anything, indef. pron.

There (§

9°'}9^

anything:

isn't

mfnim (-mm,

ir"}jr*

6

;

§

16).

mfnimm

fA-.:

•.

§

yalla

39).

apart, adv. 'd^ bfcca.

ape,

mij

s.

appear,

t^dta.

(come into

v.i.

sight) ;^P tdyya.

HA* (seem)

appearance, appoint,

aoiiti

v.t. (fix)

(to

appointed, be,

s.

approach,

v.i.

massala.

i'oxd qattara

an

+4»m^

v.p. (fixed)

s.

an

office)

tacjattara (-t^r-).

'tytw tas^'oma

^mC qatar'^'o

meet)

(to

(tils-).

(-tar-).

mamca.

<w»ir»«i

&

(-tiir-).

office) "Pao s'^oma.

(to

approach,

(q.v.).

(form, colom*) AVl malk.

s.

appointment,

zallaqa

^d(\ (jarraba (aya) constr. with

t.

(Dfi-

wwda-. o

^UA

approximately, adv. April,

s.

see calendar.

Arab,

s.

hd'd ;irab (av).

Arabic, adj.

hd.'Q'i

Is there

hItU

!

argue,

v.i.

'

arm,

s.

s.

(eccl.)

s.

armed,

::

i

?

-^Y danfia. (-karakkar-).

\lCtlC kirikkir. o o o

^(\^

iih''6i {-iw^6-

/n**}^ tiinca (prop, adj. dtiaofi^^

arm-pit,

^hA).

(-ayf-).

-Ml^h^ takarakkara

v.i.

argument, o ark,

arabfniia

s.v.

;

anyone here who speaks Arabic? hAs hiH-n^ ^"%S1C cillii zzih arayiiifia yam-

minnaffjirar

arbitrate,

ydhil (yahl

s. 'fl'fl^

;

§ 8).

upper arm

balamassarya.

blbbit

(§

52a,

y).

;

§

52a, y).

I

ARM—AS arms,

s.

16

(weapons) aofidy massarya

-n^^ bfrat army,

rt^*e^ sarauwit

s.

around, prp. arrange,

fl-.-.s

52a,

„

;

8).

„

).

(sar-, -wit).

hml'd

arranged, be,

v.p. i'f^^

arrangement,

s.

atagab (-ay;

ba-...

47&).

§

^H

tasarra (tasar-),

/^'^^ sfrat

(§ 8).

ydza.

arrested, be, v.p. i'^H taydza

(taia-).

arrested, have, (cause to be),

v.t.

arrival, (time or

arrive,

§

rt^ sarra (sar-).

v.t.

arrest, v.t.

(-rat

(cp.

place

of),

s.

hti^n asydza

(§

68).

mdmca.

<w»i^«i

^^rt darrasa.

v.i.

Id gabba.

When When

he arrives

they arrive

arrive,

cause or allow

arrow,

s.

:

sidars.

i

rt-^CA«

to, v.t.

:

sidarsu.

h^^rt adarrasa.

4*ft^ qast (q.v.).

artillery,

s.

<w»jt^

artillery-man, artizan,

rt,^Cft

:

s.

madf (marf

aoj^dJi

s.

7d).

madfauna

rt^i"? sarratanna

HAE- bdlajj

§

(sar-, -tan-).

(§ 8).

as, conj. h'i^- (i)nda- (-da-) pref. to ft- si-

(marf-, -fan-).

simp, perf

pref to cont, past imperf

ftA- sila-,

,

etc.

pref to simp. perf.

(since) h- [1"-] ka- (ta), pre! to simp, perf

Or use the gerund. Make another as you made this A»A

:

fl^

As he was sihS,d

::

:

J&UV^

indasarrah vihannan V O O O

going, he stopped

ndbbar, (f^'oma.

:

:

?i'>^rt^U

i

lela sfra. O

fLth*^

:

VflC

:

^ao

«

: :

AS—ASC

17

As they have work ft^

tl'i'i^ah

:

to do, give

Id,^

:

them more forage

ffiL9"CA^<»-

:

::

sfra silalldc-

cau, Q'afara cammirilldccau. oo 'O o

o'--'oo

As they have no

work, don't let them eat

Tt^:

ftAA.A^fl^:

il^s

T«fe^:

ft-n/V-

^^ lal^allaccau, tiqit tfqit yfvlu.

As he has come,

him stay

let

i'trnf^

:

.-

much sfra sio o

::

^*I»
tamatta, yiqqamat.

As he was on

:

him on the road and came -t-aoll^ ''h^fl^ aomih dakim^ot

tired I left

^hT*'l*

:

tamanofad tfcc^eu mattau^^ as far as, prp. hMx- (i)ska-

(§

;:

:

.-

(S 7c?).

47a).

(^

^tft-h- (i)sta-

as for, prp. -'^

As as long

for that: f^\)^

fiti

).

(end). :

as, conj. '^A sdllii

As long

As

-mma

„

yihamma.

= ft- + ^tA

(

§

32) after gerund.

you are ill you must not go out M'aht^ amm'^oh sjillii attwtita. as

:

Y\*^\)'.

..

:

lonof o as I

am

here

:

'hll,U •

"hlx^^hV'

:

tazzfh o o

:

is-

o

tdlliiu^» (§ Id).

wait as long as I can

I will

ndiimmicrt Hiwwyyjlllau'' I

waited as long as *fef £h

ascend,

v.i.

::

yacdlhutin

s.

ascertain,

(§

hl^T^^

?i*fe^Ai> «

.•

Id).

could

:

f ^Al^•'|•'^

56c) yahl qwcJyyau^

.-

^UA (§ 7c?).

ai"\ ww'tta.

v.t. fl-...:

ascent,

(§

I

:

(rising

Aje,

:

(D"\ ba-... lai

ground)

M({^

(§ 8, §

47&) wwtta.

^^q^bat (-ayat).

(way up) loh*^ mauca. v.i. & t. ho)^ duwaqa (-wwq-). (ask)

mf 4»

Let him ascertain and

tayyaqa tell

(-yaq-).

me mj&* :

:

f^Trld^ a

tdyyiq'^'o yfngarafi. AM. GR.

(ll)

2

:

ASC— ASS

18

ascertained, be,

ash (ashes),

ashamed, be, I

am ashamed &

(for), v.i.

t.

mf 4»

s£

tayyaqa

^/i s

s

(-yaq-).

tayyiqau, pol. Jim/i*fe1";: yi-

m^^^oh-

^

tayyiqdccau,

«

yitayyiqwdccau,

::

h^^d'h

:

m^*^-.: tayyiqut.

tayyiqut, pi. :

it)

61&).

(§

Ask him: m^+flHu Ask them ^^Oh

(-far-).

to look (at

7d)

(§

(-wwq-).

amad.

hd^d affara

v.i.

afrallau^

ask

^(D^ tauwaqa

v.p.

hoof!:

s.

pi.

^m/i

pol.

mj&^^flH

tayyi-

k

qwdccau.

Did you ask him? m^^Uahv. tayyaqhau?,

mf *fe^

::

tayyaqut

mf j^^l^^ k

pi.

?,

pol.

tayyaqdc-

cihut? o

Ask whether

there

any

is

aif,^

:

.•

h^-SA

tayyiq

a

indalla. o

Ask

the

headman for a house:

Thav-Tn 0.^: mjR4*::

siimun b^et tavviq. (mil) bring him whatever he asks for h9^ m« A^ f '^LA^fl^'> ^<w»fll-A;^A s antullin (§ 7d) yammilaccaun yamatullatal, (s.v. VflA, § 44a).

They

:

:

Ask

:

the cook for

dtiOh

'.

Ask me

fl)T

:

for

it

flji^T

v.i.

i"?

had been asleep

:

'^^;t

l^A-:

hiillu yibbaldss

hoy

•

•

•

to-morrow: ^tlffh^s

A«

is

s.

wwt v^etun. valau o o

tafifia (tan-, -fia

If I

i-^^: din-.

ass,

•

i'mf^ tatayyaqa

He

asleep

sftaii o

(etc.)

(for), be, v.p.

asleep, be,

::

Am^: flA'^

.•

valan nao^a.

il:: yfstun

asked

(them, some, §61&):

it

ahiy(y)a.

it

;

(-yaq-).

§ 63f/, e).

taiifiitoal.

would

^nAYi: •

nabbar

all

iflC::

have been spoilt tannicc>e

(§ 81c/, /x).

Mh^on,

ASS—AUT

19 assembly,

'bdh, guba^^e (-uyd-).

s.

Til^ sang^'o.

assembly, place

&

assist, v.i.

you

If

^^Hflji addabdbai (ayayai).

of, s.

[K\^^ (pradda.

t.

(pol.) will assist

assistance,

s.

hC^^

astonished, be,

v.i.

§

at,

astonished

^—^

§

43a;

e).

l^ao^ a garraman. ,.

\

^^

.

)M§^^«)-

^

Isheat Addis Abeba?

;^^ft

h({(\: 'rnhv.

:

nau ? {§ 8). was engaged at ten dollars

taddis

7a) ayaya

(§

He

biradun.

garramau (impers.

Q3d,

:

prp. h- ka- [+- ta-]

n-bl

:

tagarrama. o o o o

Id^aoOh

am

rt,^'*?-^

:

irddta.

't'ldao

^

I

me

:

fl/*'C: •ilC: 'i'^'mdv.

bdssir virr taqattara.

Atbara, attack,

^'il gdann.

s.

&

v.i.

t.

tanassa H- ba-

'^V•^

Did they attack you ? attack us If they V attend,

v.i.

attention,

fl.Vi*»-'flV

(pay attention)

s.

Your

:

(heed)

'I'lof-'dl) .-

(^ ;:

47a).

tanassubbih

?

binnassubbinna. O O O O

htl'l'*Pi\.

astawala (aud-).

A'fl libb.

attention

is

over there: A-flU: hH,^:

VflHr.

libbih kiizzya nau.

audience auger,

s.

hall,

s.

h^flfl^ addababai (-aydyai).

aoahl,^ maiigya. atti^ wwsf-^e.

August, aunt,

s.

s.

see calendar,

Mnft^ akist

authority,

s.

(§ 8).

Xt-aD^ siimat (-mat). ^A-'lh cil^ot

(§ 8).

2—2

!

!

AVA—AWL avalanche, avarice,

20

<w»C*7

s.

marg

(marg).

"i^l^ nif p^at.

s.

avaricious, adj. 14-1 nffug.

avoid,

sassa (sas).

v.t. *feP

qwwyya.

await,

v.t. ?f?f

await each other,

t^

awake, adj. awake, be, Is

v.i.

v.

recip.

i"^^^ taqwojiayyu.

nfqu.

i^ naqqa

he awake?

(§ 63^7, e).

l4*:i:A::

naqtoal?, pol. i^'i'^PAa

naqtaual ? I

am awake

'i^^ii'^ « naqiccallau*"

:

(§

7d).

away, adv. Is

he away? fAl^p. yallammwf ?

away, go,

4

v.i. th»f^

hada

°

-i

(s.v. -tDf*; §

39).

p

(ha-, h^e-, -da,

§

7d).

wwggada.

(Dlf^

Go away!

-6

rkj?::: hid!,

f.

HujE-k hij!,

pi. rh.-^::

hfdu o (more forcibly) a)*7jt:! Wdugid!, f. fli*7jf:: wwgiji, pi. wlH-ii wwgidu away, be put (taken), v.p. 'hoirt^ tawassada (taud-, -(6s-). 't'l^ tanassa. o

o

away, move,

v.t. O'fl:

Move him tfqit

(it)

hff^Cl

away a

sabb adarraga.

little:

sabb adrigau (arg-

away, put (take),

v.t. flirty

T«fe^:

§ Tf/),

wassada

pi.

h^ClOi-a

^'fl:

-"h^

:••

-gut.

(wcJs-).

M^ anassa. Take him

(it)

away

:

-dut.

awl,'

s.

aofi^^ massaffca. o o

aoohxy maiigya. aift^C waj'sf^e.

fl>-rt^(D-

::

wusadau,

pi.

-^^

::

AXE—BAG

21 axe,

T
s.

axilla,

matrabya

bibbit

s. 'fl'll^

52a,

baboon [Cynocephalus baby,

s.

h^il ards

'H'>K(? zinjar^^o (-jwr-).

sp.), s.

h^tl

(§ 8).

A^

:

ards

lij.

caqla.

CEI.4*A

/h'H^

y).

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I.)

refers to the

§

(§

(-ayya).

Man

(§ 8).

(of body) KCfl jarba (-rya, -rwa).

back,

s.

back

(again),

come

Come back

(go),

(again)

v.i. :

i'aoiiCl taniallasa (-mal-).

tamalas,

'I'twlitl «

pi. -fr « -su.

back (again), send (bring), v.t. aotifi mallasa ao^doh Bring him (it) back (again) :

(mal-). v.

mallisau,

pi. -fr'lh:: -SUt.

back(-wards), adv. fli^'AA wwdahwala (-daiihd-

h^

bad, adj. (morally)

kifu (kdfu, ktifu

(physically) *7i^

bad, be (become),

v.i.

^mr

adj.

bag,

s.

hdnu^

:

lf"i

gim

h^'

ona.

qwdttu. (§ 8).

h'P^9° am^dtdm v.i.,

7d).

gim.

i^^^g- tandddj

badly, behave,

7d).

(morally) hi- kaffa. (physically) 19^

bad-tempered,

§

§

(treat, v.t.)

(§ 8).

fl^A baddala

(bad-),

karatit.

(wicker-work) hhi-fi ak^'ofdda.

baggage,

s.

h^

Baggage

fqa.

train (of troops)

baggage-mule,

s.

hpllil

-.

n4»A"

:

:

^H

gwaz.

agdssis baql'^o (ya).

BAG—BAN

22

baggage-pony, bake,

v.t.

balance,

s.

aopt% magdjja.

"\f^ tada.

mizdn

(scales) '^H'}

s.

(§ 8).

yaqarra

(remainder) f 4»
(§

62&,

c).

4'^;^ qirr^eta.

you have the balance:

I received five dollars;

misti virr taqabbalhu

balance,

aoXih

v.t.

'

yaqarrau tanta nau.

;

mazzana. o o o

Balanites cvgyptlaca (Broun, Cat. 8 8),

s.

Vhj^Vh^ kudkiidda. 'fc'n

S.

qut(t)a; (Ag.).

^(^^

qdc^ona.

bald, adj. fl^ bara. ball,

s. V»,ft

kwas.

(h)i.C (i)rQr.

bamboo {Oxytenanthera

Broun, Cat.

abessinica,

677),

s.

7i£w»A simal (-mal).

banana {3Iusa sapienthim, Broun, Cat. 559), s. a^ti muz. bandage, s. *^rt<5^ masarya (-sar-, -ya). Undo the bandage and let me see: Iftd^Oh'is ^^ I A^ masaryaun ffta, li. bandolier, s. 'HTC zmndr (§ 8). ::

bang,

s.

bang,

v.i.

(report)

^

:

*79"

banish,

banjo,

bank,

v.t.

s.

s.

^5^T

dimt.

^A gwa dla (s.v. hty gimm dla

VflA,

hw^

awwtta

Vl^C kfrdr

§

44a).

„

:

(auw-).

(§ 8).

HC

(of river, etc.)

dar.

J^l^nc dfmbar This bank:

„

w^V:

The other bank

:

'^F--.

"If^

:

(-bar).

wwdfh mdd^^o. o

mdd^^ o.

BAN— BAT

23

On

the bank of the river

i'at'ill

:

^C

:

-.

tauwnzi o o

dar.

banquet,

s.

j^*7ft diggis.

1-nC o{b(i)r

baobab (Adansonia

^C"\m baptized, be,

barber,

s.

(-fy-).

Broun,

digitata,

Cat.

65),

s.

firtata.

v.p. 'i'axao^

AtCU

tatamniaqa.

ldc(c)i.

bare, adj. (naked)

^'fJ-'h

raqut

(§ 56fZ).

(arid) ^^4* daraq.

bark,

(of dog)

s.

tEfe'fi'l*

AT

(of tree)

bark,

n-

barn,

h^

:

s. l-flft

barracks, barrel,

bu°dla

^(D'J'^C

s.

.-

J({^,

(s.v.

gabs (gays,

(of gun) h^-

s.

A

lit.

% 44rt).

gafs).

^i'&' g^'otara (-tar-;

s.

(-hilt).

(^'fi c'^dha.

v.i.

barley,

ciihat

§ 8).

Xx-V^ yiiwwttaddar katama. Tif

double-barrelled gun:

l^A'l*:

h^-

mfl^J?.. hii-

latt af tavania. •' o

basin,

s.

•

o

•

o

<w»;^rnfl.JP

(for

mattfitabya (-ayya).

washing the face)

f^'l':

<^>;^^lfl.^

mattatavya. o o .

basket,

s.

•

•'

^C^'-lA' qfrcdt (§ 8).

hl^1l\

agalgil (agal-).

(small) ao'H^ miidai

(bag-shaped) basket-work, bat,

s.

bath,

f A.^ s.

:

s.

(§ 8).

^lri4-^ ak^'ofdda.

ft sff^et (§ 8).

?*V^ yal^et

wof (^of).

(process) ao:h(n'(\ mattatab (utensil)

(-ay).

ao^'mH,^ mattatabya

(-ayy^)-

yafft

:

BAT—BE

24

Or use ^aid

He is in his bath j&;^mfl A « I am in my bath K;^m^Al^ I am going to have a bath

yittattayal.

:

:

tay

(§

bathe,

v.i.

^m(\

bathe,

v.t.

Kmfl attaba (ava). O o o o s.

:

V^

« littat-

tdttaba (ava). ^

"

'

•

fl^C t^'or.

a^x wiiggi. Bauhinia reticulata (Broun,

battle,

Aj^m-fl

8) nan.

•

battalion,

ittattayallau^.

::

:

s.

Cat. 167),

s.

^'fl-?.

dabdi

(daydi).

be,

v.i. \f"i h''

hh

ona.

alia

nabbara

Vfl^i

T^

32,

(§

§

39).

(-bar-, -flC -bbar, -bbar, S 83).

n^^ ora. o

'i(D*

n|u

(§

13&,

§

40).

Where have you been? id^^: hunahal

When

I

sall^^^

Let

it

ihlVA::

wwd^^et

?

was in Egypt: (§

i'J^ftC: ^Alr-:: tamfssir

Id).

be as

it

was

Mf^hfid,

:

•.

/i>-C «

ndanabbara

yfnur.

me

what there is ^A: tiax^a yalla sitaii. There isn't any f AJ^ yallam (§ 39). There are two: U-A^: hA-r. hiilatt allu. They are two l^A^ ^^ah hiilatt ndccau. They have not been here before i'ltO +^J^ liA<w»/n-{r*:: tazzih qaddam almattum. o o o o Give

:

v.

:

v.

.-

:

.-

:

• •

•»

He

is

to go

:

Didn't you hf[(D^V9^::

^tKH:

:

« yihid.

know you were

to

go?

mahadih alauwwqhim?

<w»*h.JtUj

BEA—BEC

25

bead,

(small)

s.

^*^ sdmye.

(large) ?-^ d'^^Oqa.

beam,

(of light) '^A'J'^A cilancil.

s.

wood)

(of

tarb

fliC'fl

(tar-, -ry).

"hTliGsJV (f)ncat.

"KlQBe^ (pnc>et. bean,

(broad, Vicia faha^ Broun, Cat. 141)

s.

ba-

fl*feA

q^'ela.

{Phaseolus bear,

(-da>n-).

M^ anassa.

(carry)

v.t.

h^l^d^ adangwdr^e

sp.)

^A

(endure)

ctlla.

(children) oiA^'T- walladac (wal-, wwlI can't

beard,

bear

it:

hA'lf-Ai'"::°alcnim

(§

;

-cc

§ 6).

016).

611 riz.

s.

S. ff^-^n-l* sang^^(5bat (-6y-, -at).

beast,

(wild) A»Cl» a^ir>e

s.

Id), pi. h^'G'l' arawit (§

(§

(horse, cattle, etc.)

h-fl-l*

kayt

beastly, adj. (repulsive) X^*? ^^^T^t" (m- td-

beat,

ao^ (in

beaten, be,

a game, case,

v. p.

(it)

(in s.

10-^-

beautiful, adj.

:

etc.) [?»]<^;'' (i)ratta.

M9^:i'tD".'. attfmtau.

i"!^^ tagarrafa (gar-). 't'oDjh

tamatta. o o

a game,

gfrfat

iD"(\

etc.) '^^C;^ taratta (tar-).

(§ 8).

wtib (wuy).

<w»Ahi^ malkdm,

kdkdm s.

flJ-fl^

because, conj (§

§ 8).

matta. o

Don't beat him

beauty,

;

7^
v.t.

beating,

8).

(kaft).

48a).

also

ao^hh9° mal-

(§ 8).

wiibat (wu-,

ftA- sila-

pi.

-ya^,

-iit, §

7d).

with simp. pei*f or

rel.

-I-

cont.

BEC~BEF

26

am thirsty hai^fHh

drink because I

I

silatamman

itattallau^

He

tlii^foh^ ' prp.

of,

A- sila-

Because of the rain beckon,

bed,

If V

v.i.

In bed

bed-room,

f {'"*2;^

iOH

•

bee,

s. 'i'd

beef,

f fl^

s.

beer,

nib

s.

mA

bed-room

:

'^?"*2;^

70&).

§

;

fl.^

:

i

8)/ nau. o

(^ \o

(niv).

^p yabar^e (yaya-) siga.

:

talla. •

o

yamdr sam.

beeswax,

s.

beetle,

h'illll (i)nziz.

s.

-ar).

(t^ yaminnitdb^et (-dy>e-

:

tamiunitav^et o o o

::

(§ 8).

alga.

in his (the)

is

(it)

(5 8).

.-

s.

He

silazindv

:

^^p taiga, MdC ag'^obar (-6y-,

:

bed-curtain, s.

47«).

ftA'H'i''fl

9^'im^ mfntaf

h^p

(-stead)

(§ :

h'^ona.

(-clothes)

s.

hf^tni''l9^'.

taqqasa.

v.i. m*l*rt

become,

;

silammaiauq. aimatam o-»oo« oo

:;

ft

tlliml^n

.-

(S 63c?).

come because he won't know

won't

because

:

f '^C

:

rt?"

ih'JltH tinziza.

before, adv. hUj)

.-

fit (fit

hJLU:

kazzih ;

§

(ha-, f"- ta-, -az-, -zfh

;

§

46)

475).

t^J^ kazzih

(ha-, i"- ta-,

-iiz-,

-zfh

;

§46)

q ad dam.

^'C

diir^' o.

Have they been here before ? tazzfh fit O O

before, conj.

ft-

s(i)-

•

••

^^

••

<w>m- k

•

with

loses its -9^ -m. it is

i'ltU

mattu ? o (§

7a) neg.

imperf

If the tense is to

(§ 38), which be specified

done by the addition of other words.

BEF— BEH

27 Yesterday, before he came

^'•"J^.- fi^aotn-. tindnt

:

saimata. o o •

To-morrow, before he comes

VT

:

ft&aofi}

:

.

nd^a

saimata. o o •

Before you start(ed)

How

long

iioD'i

:

sattinnassa.

:

be before you come ?

will it

^oD^miV

before, prp. (of time

^^V*^

:

:

zaman ? OO timatalliih OO*

OOO

iskasint

::

'hMitl'i^

and place)

d.^

fl-...:

ba-...

fit

(fit; §8, §476).

h- (+-)...: n
Before bear, ~'

v.i.

&

Monday

t.

:

i'rt''?

.-

«/

Aiw»V

He begged

(\d^^

.-

(ya-, -fft; § 8, § 476).

tasaiiiio vafit. o

o

*

o

o

OOO

lammana.

for this

:

yihanniln lam-

Atw^V::

f.V'i'i:

mana. o o Don't beof ~ M'Ai^'J :

beggar,

A*^'*^

s.

« attilammin, pi. O O

Idmmdfi (-nn

§

O

6

;

'

-^-

-nu.

§ 8).

& t. "^rro^ jdmmara (-mjir-). Where shall I begin ? '^P-^• Aj^^C «

begin,

::

-1

v.i.

:

tayet

li

jam-

mir? o av'^ao^^

majammarya

beginning,

s.

begun, be,

v.p. (begin, v.i.) •\'%aol,

Where does it begin ? i^f-'l* j dm mitral? behave, v.i. h^Cl adarrao^a. "^ oOo o

.-

(-mar-),

tajammara

(-mar-).

f^'f^twl^^

tayet yij-

::

'

Don't behave in this way

:

Ki^X)

:

^^;^^C*7 « ndih

attadrig, pi. -T-h -gu.

behind, adv.

He He

is

AAA bahwdla

behind

:

AAA

.-

(bauhdVfl>-

k

has stopped behind:

+^

qarra

§

426).

§ 7c?).

bauhald *l*C;f:A::

(§ 8)

nau.

qartoal, (from

BEH— BEN

28

behind, prp. h-{i'-)...s -auha-,

§

7c?

Behind the house beisa {Oryx heisa), beUef,

hTh^

s.

believe,

&

v.i.

s.

bahwdla

(ta-)...

(ya-,

:

hfl.^

AAA

.-

kav^et vauhdla.

.-

flA sdla.

Jmnat

(-nat).

ammana. o o

Ai<w>l

t.

ka-

47&).

§

;

AAA

^aoh tammaiia

(ger.

&

part, type B,

§35). aohtitD*

beheve you

I

massalau (impers.

h^^Tiiis^

:

::

§

43a).

amnihallau^

do not believe you h*\9^'i\)T* « alamnihim. Do you believe he came? ^<w>ftAyA: ^aott\ k yimasI

:

*'

lihal O

yamatta? V o • •

Do you believe he will come yimaslihall believed, be, v.p.

6)

(^

ff^tmh^i^: "h'^oD^n

?

immimata?

^ao^ tammana

(ger.

&

§34). bell,

s.

(small)

^^P'A

(large)

^a>A daual

bellow, belly,

s.

v.i.

hl^

If J^ h^^

q^cil.

(dauwl).

agassa.

od.

& prp. s.v. beneath, ao^oi^^ mattataqya (-taq-).

below, adv. belt,

s.

J^*7 dig.

bend,

v.i.

(be bent,

v.p.)

e^aoao

^a\i,

tammama. tdttafa. o

•

o

(incline) 'hH*l*H+ tazaqazzana. \

CO

'

bend,

v.t.

o

-"^O

'^o

•GOO

haxaoao atdmmama. hoid* attafa. o o •

•

(incline) lf*l*H+ zaqazzaqa.

beneath, adv.

fl;*'^

bdtdc

(-cc § G

;

§ 8).

part, type A,

:

BEN—BET

29 beneath, prp.

;^'f ba-... tac (-cc

fl-...:

§

6;

h- [+-]•• '/"Cka-Cta-)... sir

(

476).

§

„

„

).

tamdma.

bent, adj. m*^*^

Berehera ferruginea (Guidi, Vocab. birbfrra

8;

§

p. 322),

'flC'fl^

s.

(-rvi-).

beside, prp. (around)

hml-fl ba-... atagab (-ay;

fl-...:

§47&).

(near to) h-

[i--]...:

T*7 ka-

(ta-)...

(§ 8,

476).

§

^^T* dagm^^'o (dag-). ^T* damm'^o (dam-).

besides, adv.

?iHai^^ (i)z(z)aS«jdya (-zadbesides, prp. h-.

.

.

fl+C ka- ('K

.•

There are four besides hlr'^

tigg

i

hi)r

::

ta-).

.

.

bdqar (ya-

one

this

§ 8).

;

:

+11.1)

§

;

476).

fl+C

:

tazzih vdqar ardtt allu. o o -^o •

best, adj. f'h^f A yiitasdla

(-tils-).

f 'T!.7f A yiimmissdl (K*^- (i)mmi-).

See

What

is

^^AA

§

14.

the best thing for ::

min badarg

me

yissdlal

to

do ?

9^'i

fl^C^:

:

?

fl^CCJt wurfrrid.

bet,

s.

bet,

v.i.

&

t.

with

i'CD^^E tawararrada fl-

ba-

How much

(§

will

constr.

(taua-, -wra-)

47a).

you bet?

tiwwararraddlliih sint O O O

^m^dfiMv.

flft'J-V:

ba-

?

o

I

bet 100 dollars he -flC

:

"htD^d^tili^

::

^_^

will

come:

fl
vamaf'^o bamamtdtu O O o o •

•

aao-f--.

j

virr iwo "

o

wwrarradallau^. o o betray,

v.t.

m^fetm

taqqwcuma

better, adv. jiflAT yibalt

fM^

yiisll

(twq-).

(-iy-, -al-)

58c) constr. with

]

(§

I

h- ka- (+-

"

ta-, § 47a).

:

:

BET— BET

30

-MtU: ^flAT

Can't you do better than that?

h^'^^9^s

;^^C•7•.: tazzfh yiyalt atticilim

Warrata rides better than Gabru /i?f A:

f,^aDfi\^ii warrata

:

(Dd^

.-

:

tadarg? 'M'fl4-

tagayru yissdl yiqqam-

matal.

—

= preferably) use the jussive He (it) had better remain here f^^ao^ yiqqamat izzih.

better

{

:

better (after illness)

hii,u

bagg'^o.

fl")

Are you better? MVK'flrh.C: ^'^CVs d^s igziayhyer yimdrih, yagg^ d (§ 8) nah ?, pol. n.h'dth.Cs jK.'^^iP:

n-):

na'^o

? (lit.

ra'' o, yagg^'^o

are you better Yes, thanks

*?*

better, be,

v.i.

am

?i*7

igziayhyer yimd-

::

God have mercy on you, :

^aotlllr :(!>:

ziayh^er yimmasgan, yagg^'6 nan praised, I

iO::

?).

h1\lh'(lib,C

:

;:

(lit.

i^

:•.

ig-

God be

better),

(surpass) +<^A tasdla h- ka-

(i'- ta-, S

(tas-),

constr. with

47a).

(after illness) "ffitiah tasdlau (tas-; im-

pers.

This

is

§

43a

§ 63c?, e).

;

better than that

:

J&O

.•

1"M^

j&Vf

.-

AA u

yihe

tazzyd yissdlal. I

am

H&: ^fili^^a

better to-day:

zarJ'e yissd-

lanfial.

Is

he better?

'^7iA";*•A

better, get, (recover

You

will

from

•.:

tasi^'otal? o

illness),

get better:

v.i. -SV

^J?:*?A0:; tidindllah,

^J?:^A*:: yidinallu.

He

will

get better:

Did they get better

^^^^v. ?

dana.

yidfnal.

^V-k danu?

pol.

BET— BIE

31

between, adv. fl<^liA bamahal. It lies

between

between, prp.

fl'^WA

:

mahal (§ 476). Between the river and the '^liA

bamahal

«

*^UA

fl-...:

fl-...-'i':

Vfl>-

:

(S

8)

nau.

ba-...-nna ba-{ya-)...

hill:

flo^H'T: ni-^^£D-i

vatardrau baucunzunna mahal. o o o

::

•

beware,

v.i.

+fliV+4* tatanaqqaqa.

Beware 'hm^*l'4» Let him beware: !

tatanqaq

::

^rn'>*l'4»::

!,

pi.

-4»'fc::

-qaqu

yittanqaq,

pi.

!

-+*&«

-qaqu.

beyond, adv.

flij^^

beyond, prp. h-

Beyond biassed, be, Bible,

s.

biceps,

this v.i.

4»^-ft

s.

(of

:

wwdya

('/•-)..

:

.

:

i'ltU

^^A

(§ 8).

(DJ^^ kaflij?:^

:

adalla

.

.

wo^'dyS

tazzfh wwdya.

.-

matdf

ayit

(§ 8).

(ait).

(of thigh) '^^f\ sullida (-Itid-;

bifurcation of a road, big, adj. bile,

s.

bill, s.

(§ 8, § 476).

(-dal-).

aotn*^ qiddiis

arm) ^f,T

(ta-).

§

52a,

y).

manta. o

s. <wi'};i-

'1I'A4» tillui.

KT*'V .im^^ot

M-n

(§ 8).

fsab (ay; §8).

*I»^TC (pvitir (-wilt-).

bill-hook,

bind,

s.

oB^^^^ ma(iwuraca

v.t. (tie) hi\i.

(a

book)

assara ftV.V

birthday,

s.

(-siir-).

saffana

bind-weed {Convolvulus bird, s. 9*^ wof (^of).

(-rac-).

(saf-).

sp.), s.

(his) f i-fliA^n^

:

h^*7 drag.

+'>

:

yataualladabbat °

qan. (your) f +fliAj^Ufl^

qan.

:

'l'^

.-

_

(§

8)

^

yiitaualladhibbat °

_^

(your, pol.) fi-oiA'^.n^: +'>• yiitaualladub-

bat qan.

BIT— BLI bit,

s.

32

(piece) ^^'V' qiirrac

bitch,

s.

[ft»^ s~\ah7i (s^et §

v.i.

(lugam

54&) wiissa

Mil^ Ohli oinfst o & t. Vhrt ndkkasa. o o o

wiissa

:

bite,'

(§ 8).

M9^ Hgwam

(of bridle)

kasallwi?

Don't

let it

§

7c?; § 8).

(^lis-).

C^iis-). / \ ,

bite (be in the habit of biting),

Does it (do they

§

52a,

8)

v.i. i'^iYlfl

bite?

tanakkasa.

/K-Vh^/t-jZ.-.:

yinndk-

(s.v. -flJ^).

get into the habit of biting

hf^'ihll a

:

ainndkas. o o

Biting

flies

P'^'i'hft

:

:

^Tf^

:

yamminnakkas

tfnift

(§52a,S). bitten, be, v.p. "Mhrt tanakkasa. bitter, adj.

od^^ mardra.

black, adj. T*feC ttiqur.

blackberry {Rub us blacksmith,

'fl^i^

s.

sp.), s.

biratanna

H^'P'i

bladder,

s.
blanket,

s.

v.i.

^'ym^ mfntaf :

(§ 8).

yabfrdi libs

A-flft

(yayf-, liys).

^Itw taggama.

bleed,

v.i.

^^ damma

bleed,

v.t.

hlao agp^ama.

bleed at the nose, § 43a My nose

§

;

am

(sar-).

(-rataii-).

C^fi c^'dha.

bled, be, v.p.

I

(i)nj'^6ri.

fiiina.

f -flCj^ bleat,

Ki'^d

bfrat (-rat) sari

(id

.-

is

6Sd,

(dam-),

v.i.

Vrt^iD-

nassarau

(-sar-;

impers.

e).

bleeding

:

*ii\d^

::

nassaran.

subject to nose-bleeding:

fAhdyi^n

yji^fs-

rafiiial.

blind, adj. "kohC fwwur.

^^>

blistered,

hmSi dina sfwwur (syiiwur). be (become), v.i. hl^lSi agwwrraba :

(-aya).

BLO— BOG

33 block,

(wooden) *7^J^

s.

blood,

fT

s.

bloom,

dam.

abbaba (ava).

v.i. ^iflfl

blossom,

^iflfl

s.

gj^id.

blotting-paper,

ababa

(avava).

<^j^-^*fe^:

s.

(dC^^

madraqya wdra-

•.

qat.

9^^^

blow,

s.

blow,

v.i. 'id.il

(on),

(§ 8).

nafFasa. o

o

When blow

miiii o

blows hard

it v.t.

?i^: hti

:

'AH*

iff(i)

rt.V'Pft

:

ala

(s.v.

.

bfzu sindfs. o o o

VflA,

§

44a).

(an instrument) i4- nafFa.

Blow

it

(away) \

<J

Blow the

?»¥

:

'

fire:

nAa>«

.•

M-^li

iflK

::

o

h^-.

o

valau. •

o

o

riAa)-::

isdtun

o

vdlau. •

o

o

come

blows,

blue, adj.

board,

s.

tamatta.

to, v.i. 'h*^;!*

rt*r?*e

samdwi.

mC'fl tarb

(tilr-, -ry).

X'JflJ.'l- (i)nc;it.

hlQ^^' boast,

(f)nc>et.

iMd. fakkara (kar-). o o o

v.i.

'

^

boast boat,

(-ing),

s.

^h/S* fikkara (-kar-).

jLAfl jalba (-Iva).

s.

bodkin,

s.

twlxd*^ masfya. ootids masf>e. o

ao(ii^]i'

massaft'aca o o

body,

s.

(human) T\

o

(-f ac-). ^

'

«>ala.

rtfl>-V'l*

saunnat

(-niit).

(dead) nj^7 badin (bad-; -inn bog,

s.

§ 6).

a,i.+6H.4» caqaciiq.

AM. GR.

(ll)

3

iffi

o

o

BOI— BOK boil,

s.

34

-mC

(small)

bfgir (bdgur).

(large) -nr-'i^ bdginj

This boil yfhe boil,'

is

7d).

(§

not mature: f^V:

-flT-T^jf

:

^AflrtAJ^::

alvassalam.

viioiini

v.i.

o

When it

boils

A.<{.A

:

sifala.

;

o

boil, v.i (a liquid) hd.'i afalla.

a liquid) 'I'+A qaqqala.

(in

Boil

some water

potatoes:

the

Boil

it

.-

Ai^A

wiiha

-.:

f^'i^'i

afla.

dinnicun

^^^(D-•.'.

-.

qaqqilau.

(§ •52a, S)

Boil

OhV

:

and

(water)

let it cool

h^'iiD''!

:

:

^-fl^Cjt a

aflaunna yiyrad. boiled, be, v.p. (in a liquid)

Boiled water: boiling, adj. 'PA

f
^

fl^y.•

yafalla wiiha (-lauha).

a^V

fil

fil.

Boiling water

¥A

:

bold, adj. ^4^C dafFdr bolt,

i^^+A taqaqqala.

:

-.

wdha.

(§ 8).

On
§

52a) bolted

^7'n^A:: baql^o dambirSal bone,

s.

KT7^ ^AT?"

book,

boot,

s.

s.

atint

§52a,

(§ 8,

qiltim

(§

52a,

(§

:

fl4'A"i

7d).

y).

y).

ao^fh^ mas(l)haf (§ 8). aom^ mataf (S 8). 3^'H'^ jdzma (§ 52a, S).

camma

^-i*^

These boots ^'JT.^

s

will

s.

will

^^'H'l

-.

).

not stand the stones:

hfrf'^9"

Those others boot-lace,

„

(

:

::

^

JK.U: J^tj*^,

yihe jdzma dangya .-

**l(i6^

J&^'A

A

::

ya

yicilal.

yajdzma masdrya

Borassus flahelUfer (Broun, Cat.

599),

s.

aicilim.

(-sar-, -ya).

AA."} sdl^en

(§ 8).

BOR—BOU

35

& t. iidftd sarassara h^hao adakkama.

bore (through),

v.i.

(sar-, -sara).

bore (weary), v.t. bore into, v.t. d^ti^ii falafFala. bored (through), be, v.p. "tfl^fld tasarassara

(tasar-,

-sara).

bored (wearied),

be,

v.i.

&

p. ^h

dakkama

dakkamau (impers.

^hoDOh' §

43a

(§ 636?, e).

;

§

63^,

e).

+
born, be,

^_^

v.i.

'^(DA^ tawallada (taua-, O O O O O O

borne, be, v.p.

borrow,

Bos

&

v.i.

+W tanassa.

-al-, -wl-). '

^'0^/. tabaddara (tav-, -addiira).

t.

coffer cequinoctialis,

bosom,

g''oss.

s. "V'fi

(breast) ^^'> darat.

s.

(fold of dress) T-ft^ft «»wtisgwas

both, pron.

(§ 8).

li-A-V hiilatt (-liitt).

Bring them both: {intau (§7r/;

§

h9^mahM hulattun

ii-A*'>j

52a,

8).

both...and, conj. ...-5^: ...r ...-m(m) ...-m(m), Is

it (a shirt) .

::

niC0i>-'H tdrmiTz (tar-

s.

<w>iP^^ masarat (sariit

ooo^

At the bottom

:

n;^'f

.-

batdc

bought, be,

v.p. i*?*! tagazza.

bounce,

'laxd

v.i.

bound,

s.

bound,

v.i.

(§ 8).

^Gd^ qar^ora.

(not G.) s.

(leap)

GB^C^T*:

§ 8).

;

(small) -flA^T bflqdt

bottom,

(§ 6).

and qamis ? carqim qamisim yibbdlal ?

called both ciirq

^t^d^ ^OAA bottle,

(-fill-,

nattara

S 8). '0/ :

(-cc ^ 6

:

^8).

(-tar-).

TIA^ zdlya.

(leap)

HAA

zallala.

3—2

BOU— BRE bound, be,

36

v.p. (tied)

^h^

(of a book)

(weapon)

bow,

s.

bow,

v.i.

bowel,

K^

1M%^

s.

bowels,

If J?:

s.

ijj

nassa

anjat

'f'ff <<.V

dagdn

f^p^l

*i**\

:

tdssara

(-sar-).

tasaffana

(-saf-).

(§ 8).

(to, A- la- §

47a).

(§ 52rt, y).

"ix^ h'^Odiqa.

.•

Are your bowels

free

flrttVU

?

:

'M^

:

^id'HAO

bat^enah idddri tiwwtallah ?, pol. nm.*??* 4»A

s.

"h^^

.•

dddri yuwtdllu?

j&ffl'HA".: bat^ena'^'o

bowl,

:

a

qil.

4-^ fdga.

box,

s.

^T^

boy,

s.

Ajf

satin, lij.

(big)

^TlhC askar

(small) '^f**

(-kar).

mamm^o.

p*^ gamm- e. bracelet, s. YkT^C ambdr (§ 8). braces (pair of), s. ^Tr maydza brag,

^l. fakkara

v.i.

brag(-ging),

brain,

^h^

s.

^^">A

s.

s.

brandish, brass,

s.

(-kar-).

fikkara

(-kar-).

ang^'ol.

bramble (Ruhus branch,

^ (maid-),

sp.), s.

h'i^'d (i)nj'^6ri.

*^^ caf v.t. hfliHfliH

VVft

nahds

auwojzauwwza.

(§ 8),

brave, adj. K*?*? jagna (jag-). bray,

^^*fi c''dha.

v.i.

Brwjera anthelminthica, s. 1n^ k^ds^o. bread, s. (a, made in European fashion) (

„

„

native)

(A bread

New

:

„

KiXi^

AJ^A9"

.-

,

(i)nj>era ^lO

:

«fe''l

q|tta.

wheaten)^flddbb''o.

{%

lamlam

-ja-).

dabb^^o.

BRE— BRI

37

breadth, break,

©Cjt ward

s.

v.i.

(wa>rd).

ft4-^ sffdt

(§ 8).

(be broken,

v.p.)

Take care

'^An<^ tasabbara (tas-, -bar-).

doesn't break

it

?i'>^ftrtnC::

:

ndaissabO o

bar.

break,

v.t. rtfl^C

sabbara

1^

(an animal)

Have you broken f^(\^''1'U"1'

break down,

v.i.

f fl''>

o

(mamma) s. •"h'J^.Yi

is

breathe,

s.

*Cft

.-

m-1* tut

(Eur.)

s.

(of

(§

tfnfds (-|mf-

qurs.

.-

flAA

tayiinn

s

(§

70b)

:

o2a, y). § 8).

;

Afl-

:

cdA^ A

«

Ifbbu wwlq5al.

tanaffasa. o

h^C

(native)

brick,

o

(-ayii-)

7d).

(§

o

s.

breechinji:, s.

i'd-'i

:

out of breath

v.i. '^V<(.rt

breeches,

bribe,

h(\li abbala.

^Ctl yabiinn

:

43a;

§

(chest) ^d-l' darat.

s.

He

pi.

03c?, e).

v.i.

qurs yauhdla

breath,

sabbarhau?,

?

d^kkama (§ 6'Sd, e). ^hi/i>fl>dakkamau (impers.

After breakfast breast,

MCOaha

it?

f^hao

§

s.

garra.

sabbardccihut o o o

::

break one's word, breakfast,

(-biir-).

o

•.

o

fl'JmA"^ accir bantaP'on

(va-).

A-<5 siirri.

pack-saddle) ai^A wa;dd>^lla (ah- wii-).

7-0 giibb^'o.

nvfl tub (tuy).

hd^C afar

(afar).

Let them make bricks: hA.C:

^"Jm-:: afar (§52a,S)

yannitu. bridge,

He

s.

.^Aj^^ dfldiy

built a bridge

JtAj^je.:

:

^A^Ak

(§ 8).

Jt Aj^je.

.-

rt^ h dildiy sarra, or

dildiy daladdala°

BRI— BRI

38

A^r

Ifgwam (Ifigam § 7f/; § 8). Let him put a bridle on the horse:
bridle,

s.

f,ti'T'9^

farasun yilaggwum.

'.'.

has a bridle on n,A7"9" billaggwwm. bridle, v.t. (an animal) ti>0o laogwwma. bridled, be, v.p. (of an animal) i-AT-^w* talaggwwma. If

it

brigand,

wwmbad^e (§ 7^0fli^Oj^V^ wwmbadinnat

at'ia^

s.

brigandage,

s.

bright, adj. -n^ bfrra

That bright one Bright weather

s.

(§

576,

-fl^

:

.

§

7d).

used only of weather). ^ ya yammyayarau.

^: f '^^n^fl>-

:

(-nat,

:

birra.

hfl^ abarra (aya-). (of vessel) h'id.C kanfar (-ainf->

bright, be,

brim,

.-

:

v.i.

'

K^af. (of hat)

Don't

fill

^a

it

°

"f^i" § 7^^)-

'

j^or^o.

up

to the brim:

hh^4". h^r^ahli

attfmlau. istdfu o o

A

wide-brimmed hat: ^A^'.- ^(T: ^tiOhs fiC%^\\ tfUiq i^'dr^'o yallau varneta.

bring,

v.t.

hao^

amatta.

(conduct) h^^fl adarrasa.

Bring

hJ^'HrD-:-.

it:

dntau

(§

7d), pi. ^9"m•^•.: dn-

•

tut.

Don't bring

it:

_

h^9^"\ahv. attdntau,

pi. ^i;^?"/n•^:•.

attantut.

Bring a chair: na,

(s.v.

bring back,

Bring

back

bring near (-er), -vut.

it

f^wy)-.

*?::

ww'mbar yizah

^H).

v.t. aotiil

it

Bring

fli9"nC:

:

v.t.

mallasa.

<wiArtfl>-

M^d

near(-er):

-.:

mallisau, pi. -fr^ « -sut.

aqarraba h4»Cflfl>-::

(-aya).

dqiryau,

pi. -fl*'^::

BKI— BRO

39

bring out,

Bring bring up, brink,

ho)^ awwtta

v.t.

out

it

t\ahtt\ah

:

-nv^

{iutau, pi.

v.

« -tut.

(children) Mfl/l asdddaga.

v.t.

hi^^ ifif

s.

(auw-).

(§ 8).

brisk, adj. Tr^ nfqu.

(quick) ^A^l^- qaltaffa. briskness,

s.

l^'i^ niqinnat

be (become),

brittle,

(-mit).

hoTi

v.i.

kwwss ala

:

hti

::

kwwss

(s.v.

VflA,

44a).

§

It is brittle

broad, adj.

h»7i

:

'

wardam

(wwr-

;

§ 8).

o

'

broad-chested, adj.

broken, be

yilal.

safFa.

v.i. rt^*

broken, adj.

^A A

saffi.

rt
(DCfi9"

broad, be,

:

ddratdm

f^C^^^f^

(§ 8).

sabdra (-aya).

rtfl^

tasabbara

(get), v.p. '^rtn<^

(of

(tils-, -biir-).

an animal) i'^^ tagarra.

Take care the glasses (spectacles) don't get broken:
bronchocele,

broom, broth,

s.

s.

brother,

?i7^ifcrtnr: •^

:

s. >i'>4*C'"l'

manattir oo O0'«0 indaissabbiir.

:•.

(i)nqirt.

/w>T^T.y matrauva.

<w>^4* s.

maraq.

mlf^^

wo^ndini

(mm

§ 6),

pi.

also

(d1?:'^T^

wwndimam'' oc (-cc § 6). His brother Gi'^^ao- ww'ndimmu. :

:

brother-in-law,

brought,

s.

be, v.p.

h"^^-

amac

ao"\ matta

(§ 8). (§

23a).

brought, have (cause or allow to be),

v.t.

hhaottx as-

matta.

Please have (pol.) him fsti

yasmdttut.

(it)

brought: t\Wt\ ^titwrn'^a

BRO— BUG

40

have him

I will

(it)

brought:

)illaDtt\*Pii-y- a

as-

mattauallau*'. o

o

•

•

brought up, be,

addaga.

v.p. hf!/l

Where were you brought up ? yet nau ydddaghibbat ?

P»^

V
:

:

^^*70fl^::

(s.v. \/i-).

brown, adj. ^*^ ddma.

Light brown,

adj. OJ^fl

wwiba

(-iya).

fbA bulla,

brush,

(clothes-) troTdXif matragya.

s.

brush,

(hair-) '^flm<5^

mabattarya

(tooth-) f/oi,^^

mafdqya.

(-aya-, -attar-),

m^l7 tarraora.

v.t.

(hair) h(\a\d abattara (ava-, -attar-),

brushed, be,

Buhalis bucket,

v.p.

tora,

s.

'tmdl tatarraga. -f^ f^ora.

%C^^ jardal.

s.

(metal)

J^)

(

buckle,

maqja.

<w>4»^

ao^^ii^f maqwwllafya

s.

'^^^ v.i.

buckle,

v.t. *feA
(-laf-).

qwulf.

(be buckled,

buckle,

v.p.)

i"feA^ taqwwllafa.

qwojUafa. J o

Biicorax abessinicus, bud,

qwwrqwwrr^o.

*feC*fe(?

o

hCX)r9^ irkiim

s.

buffalo {Bos caffer cequinoctialis), buflfoon,

s.

h^'^

bug (Cimex bugle,

s.

sp.), s.

assiqin (-qin ^"XTi

twhXl^ malakat

Sound the bugle <= bugler,

(S 8).

fl+A baqqala (baq-).

v.i.

s.

i/oAh'J*?

:

;

s. "^Tl g'^'oss.

-nfi

§ 6).

tihwdn (tiihdn

§

7f^; § 8).

(§ 8).

/w»Ah^

:

malakatdnfia

'>4«

::

malakat o o o

(-taii-).

nffa. o

BUI—BUS

41 build, bull,

&

v.i.

n^

s.

t.

rt^ sarra (sar-).

bar^e.

bullace {Primus bullet,

s.

bunch,

s.

bundle,

[h\Cf\h (i)rsds ft'fl^fU

s.

'

insititia),

s.

?i^h°|i (i)nkwai.

(§ 8).

sibsdbi

(sivs-, -dvi).

"htiC fsir.

ffhl'"

saldm o o

(sak-). '

erythrorhynclms (Guidi, Vocab.

Buphaga

p.

441),

s.

Yxd/l!' ariic.

burden,

buried, be,

burn,

v.i.

sakim

?fln?"

s.

v.p.

(s4k-).

+4*0^ taqdbbara

(be burnt,

v.p.)

i'^mA

(-bar-).

taqattala.

V^ft ndddada.

(be hot) i'\^(i tdkkwcusa (tcukkosa).

burn,

h^oiii a(i(q)attala.

v.t.

(scorch, sting) '/'h-A

Burn

it

:

^^TAflH

Burnt ground

::

(i.e.

aqcjdtlau, pi. -A*^ k -lut.

of which the vegetation has

been burnt, dJuj^burst,

v.i.

takkwwsa (twkkosa).

)

:

^^"^

tiikkwds'' o.

(be burst, v.p.) I'rtVni* tasanattaqa (tasan-).

^^^ fanadda. o o burst (cause \

v.t. to), /

Mm^ sandttaqa. o

)\^'if\

bury,

v.t.

bush,

s.

^(\d qabbara

o -^o

(-bar-).

(shrub) «l»^T$rn qwutqwdt'^'o. (jungle)

n^y baraha.

bushbuck {Tragelaj^hus kwtila.

bushel,

o

afanddda. o o

s.

bush-fire,

'^f^p madfgga. s.

^^ qwayya.

scrijjtus decula),

s.

-^W-A duk-

:

BUS— BUT business,

busy, be,

s.

42

(affair)

T^^^ gwidddi

(trade)

'>*7j^

v.i.

.:

:

A^

sarra

gud-

(gwtid-,

;

§ 8).

niod.

(sar-).

am busy Jirt^A'V- isarallau^. When I am busy: ftrt^: sisara. I

he

If

not busy

is

^9^m conj. T>

::

but,

::

:

him come

let

ft^

:

ndaP allau yfmta. gin (may come second in

:

K'>^A»Afl>*

sfra

75

its clause, §

;

§ 8).

Vic :

nagar

*7'>

It is very nice,

but it spoils my teeth

TCrt.*}:

Va>-:

(-gar) gin.

^flA^f

'7'J:

AK

tirs^en gin yabbalassal, or

nau, gin

When '

.

Ijjig ..'lay'

There

the former

is

malafya nau, *7'>

:

TCrt,*}

:.

.

tfrs^ en etc.

the second of two clauses

but,'

.

^S"*?: ^^li^M^s

:

may

take

is

-ft -s,

hot water but no tea

:

introduced by -ss

'PA

:

ahVfl

:

hti

s

^J&: fAl^K fll wiihass alia, sai yallam. When 'but' is connective rather than adversative it is

I

usually not rendered

told him, but he said nothing

naggarhut, butcher,

s.

Z**/!

:

zimm

<^*P'

sdc'^'oc (-CC

hAa

dla.

sigasac (§8),

pi.

^p

-.

fi^'^

siga-

§ 6).

hpA^d aggafdri.

butler,

s.

butt,

s.

(of a gun) rt^*H sadaf

butt,

v.i.

(Dp wojgga

(^^wg-).

(habitually) i'^P^i

butter,

'ilCo-H': 119°:

:

s. 4*fl>

tawagga

(taua-).

qfb>e (qiy>e).

buttercup {Ranunculus bar^e (varvar-).

sp.), s.

fa^y

:

(\C(\& yaiiha bar-

:

BUT— BY

43 butterfly,

buttock,

'fl^'fl<5^ birrdbirit (-dyi-

s.

'feT qit (§

s.

;

gen.

f.

§

;

52a,

8).

52a, y).

button,

s.

button,

v.i.

(be buttoned,

button,

v.t.

*feA^ qwcJllafa.

•f>^A*h qwiilf.

button-hole,

s.

^*^fii^

taqwwllafa.

i^'feAii.

*^fi^ yiiqwiilf

:

^'i^^^i

v. p.)

qadada.

7-J?:^J?: yiiqwiilf giidgwdd (-lirgw-

§T./;§8).

button-hook, buy,

v.i.

&

ao'^fi^^

s.

buy

(them

it

§

61b)

:

Kit

-.

ltll^^•^ «

i":az;Ulau'\ o~ o o

issi,

o

(-laf-).

1H gdzza.

t.

All right, I will o

Well,

maqwwlUfya

not buy

I shall

(them):

it

Ttity^'i:

hMHr.:

nkwan, algdzam. Don't buy

it

Buy

me

it

for

A»'>'7Hfl>-

:

*7H

:

A^

had brought

If he

AilP»'P-f'

V

gdzzau*^

:

(§

::

it

attfgzau.

::

g|zalliri.

I

should have bought

din-. 7H»h: iaCv. amtit ot 7d) ndbbar (cp.

§

it

vfh^^on,

Sid).

by, prp. n- ba-. It is sold

by weight: H^lMt: ^Tf'nA:: bamizOn

yissatal.

They

(will)

work by time:

nT.H.: ^rt^A*:: bagiz^e

yisarallu, »/

o

o

Let him travel by night

:

l^iiA'

-.

ff»tKg:

:••

Pelit

yihid. o o *'

by, prp. (agent)

d

By whom was iii

tasarra?

...:

it

Kf^ha-...

built

?

d^lf

ij]. •.

hS

«

'i'^^ «

bamdnn

—

:

CAG— CAL

44

c refers to the

§

cage,

s.

*^T<w>3?

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharlca, Part I.)

matmaja

(-maj-).

n,^ b^et. calculate,

v.i.

&

t.

•fem^ qwojttara

calculated, be, v.p. 't'*k(nd calculation,

calendar

^fC qwitir

s.

(-tar-).

taqwwttara

(-tar-).

(-wiit-).

:

The Abyssinian year has and 1 of 5 days. Sep. 11"^— Oct.

lO''^

12

aDti\\d9°

months of 30 days

maskaram

Oct. ll**^— Nov.

9'^

T4»i^^ tiqimt

Nov. 10**^—Dec.

9*^

/h^C hfddr

Dec. 10*^— Jan.

8*'^

;^'V"/ft

Jan.

9'^— Feb.

7'^

TC

Feb.

8'^—Mar.

9*^

f h-fc^ yak(k)dtit.

—Apr.

8*^

aopdjt' maggabit

Apr.

9''^— May

8"'

'^'H^ mdzya.

May

9*^— June

7*''

*7'>fl^

Mar.

10*^

tasds

(tas-, tfs-; § 8).

July

6^^ th9"ii»

8*^— Aug.

Aug. 7*^— Sep.

rti

(-dyi-, -yyit).

ginb^ot (gwfn-, gwiin-,

san^e

5^^ VrhA.

7d).

§

-nv'^o-, -vat 7'^

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

tirr (tarr

June 8*^—July

;

^ 8).

(san-).

h^lmPe

(am-).

nahas>e.

6*^—10^^

^n*^ qwdgmJ'e. The year begins on V^ maskaram = Sep. Sep.

is

(-kar-).

then

and

7

after

= Sep.

and years behind the European date on 23'^'* tdsas = Jan. 1"' up till 5"' qwdgm^e

10*'' it is

11*'',

;

8 years

behind

:

CAL— CAL

45

Dec. 31^ 1908 =

As

22'^*^

tasas, 1901.

Jan. 1^ 1909 = 2^'^ Feb. 28'^1909 = 21«* Mar. 1^ 1909 = 22""^

tasas, 1901.

with

us,

every

yakkdtit, 1901.

year

4***

qwdgm^e receives a This O**" qwdgm>e = Sep.

yakkdtit, 1901.

O**"

leap-year,

is

when

day.

11'^ in

the (European) year

preceding our leap-year; and maskaram and its successors up to tarr then begin and end and yakkdtit begins a day later than the corresponding dates given above, till Feb. 29*'' = 2P*

yakkdtit, which restores the correspondence

Dec. ^r\ 1907 = 2r' tdsas, 1900.

1^ 1908 = 22"^^ tdsas, 1 900. Feb. 28^ 1908 = 20''^ yakkdtit, 1900. Feb. 29"\ 1908 = 21^' yakkdtit, 1900. Mar. 1^ 1908 = 22'"' yakkdtit, 1900.

Jan.

The omission of

leap-year in 1900 was not

made

in the Abyssinian calendar: so that in trans-

lating a date in the last century the

European

dates given above must be put back a day,

maskaram being calf,

s.

Sep.

— Oct.

9"',

etc.

(very young) ?i{^fl^ (i)mb'^6ssa.

(during

first

(of leg)

n^

year) *?%

bat

(§

52a,

^Ctx fars (fars calico,

10*''

^»fl•

s.

call, v.i.

&

t.

y). ;

§

52a,

y).

K-^J^' abu (flyu) jadid. (summon) m^ tarra. See VnA (§ 44a). :

(wake)

ht{'i**i

(designate) Call

tijja.

him

:

T^i»-

::

asnassa.

Y\t\.

dla (VflA).

tfrau, or ' •o

^

-.

OAflH k

na

valau. •

o

o

CAL—CAN

46

T^^id-h

Call them:

AA^id-k nu

tirdccau, or "hs

valdccau. •

o

Call

o

me

Don't

early

call

me

hM**i^

:

rp,^

:

^»;^^lV"/^

:

:-.

«

twat asnassan.

attasnassan. o

(summoned) 'tax^ tatarra. (named) i'dii tabdla (-ayd-). it called ? ri ^flA A « min yibbalal ?

called, be, v.p.

What callosity

is

-.

(hardened or thickened

skin),

s.

'b'dC giibbir.

calm, adj. (of water and persons) [JtJCT- rigu (irgu). (of persons) 'M*?f'? ziggitanna (-tan-).

calm, be (become),

and persons)

(of water

v.i.

['h'jdp

(pragga. (of persons)

calmness,

(of water

s.

and persons)

HI hA .•

zigg ala.

[?i]C;i^ rigdt (irg-;

§ 8).

,

(of persons)

camel,

camp,

s.

*7<w»A

s. rt
gimal

Ti*?;*"

^SSt^^

(§ ^)-

(-mal).

sdfar (-far).

camp-bedstead,

^ erotic

s.

camping- ground,

s.

h^p yamangad

:

alga,

aofid^d^ massaf(f)arya (-far-).

aoii^i^d^ massafaf(f)arya can,

can,

^Xh v.i. ^A s.

tanika. cdla.

"Ir^tKah tacdlau (impers.

Can they come ? ^Ai»yimatallu If I can If

:

-n^-A

-n-T-^Api. tr

A^J^

.-

43a).

f^tm/mt

::

cilau (ger.)

bicfl. o o

:

bitticil,

pol.

(U^At

bicflu,

bitticflu. o

o

o

open the door ::

:

§

?

you can: -fl^^A:

I can't

(-far-).

:

t/Dmifah'i

mazgyaun mdkfat OtI o o

-.

aoY^d,^

aiccdlaiinim. o o

.•

hf!,^

:

CAN— CAP

47

He

can't get out:

(it)

<w>fl^«i: fAa>-9"::

mduca

yallaum.

One cannot make

aldarsimm dla

hiiii

cancel,

v.t.

'

reach (so far)

it

(s.v.

VflA,

^AftCft?"

:

44a).

§

hd^dfl afarrasa. o o o

cancelled, be, v.p. IT

'

'

farrasa. O

The agreement

is

O

O

cancelled

fl^A

:

d^C^^

:

•.;

wul

farsoal.

candle,

rt?"

s.

sam.

rp,^ twaf. (lighted) '^'dd^ oD'Ul.A'

mdbrya (-ayr-). mdbrdt (avr-

Have you any candles ? Bring a candle cane,

:

rti^

(^- qd-, canister,

cannon, canopy,

s.

::

s.

ao^V

niadf (marf

s.

M(iC

ag"()bar

s.

'PdC qabar^'o

v.i.

canvas,

s.

?f^ sdra (sara).

*'fl

q'^ob (q''oy).

ff/il^i^

capital, adj.

J?:'}4'

tfo-h'l*

.•

§

7d).

(-(')ya-, -ar).

dangaldsa.

canter,

s.

p. 270),

^X!h tanika.

canter,

capon,

sam allah ? mdyrya c4nta (§ 7d).

-ya-, -Jir-).

s. ff^'il^^i

s.

^AU

S 8).

ff9"fl* sambaqq^'o.

s.

Canis simensis (Guidi, Vocab.

cap,

:

'^-nd^-. hr^m.'.

;

-.

ih,f:,

dangaldsa hada.

dinq. [R-C] miikkit (d^or^o).

Capparis tomentosa (Broun, Cat.

28),

s.

laoC gamar^o

(-mar-).

Capra vali or walie, s. *PA^ wdlya. Capsicum annuum (Broun, Cat. 391), (bar-, -rya-, -ar^^e).

s.

flCfl^ barbarye

:

CAP— CAR capture,

v.t.

48

^H

ydza.

(in

war) <^
captured, be,

v.p.

i'^n taydza

war) 'i'^dh tamarraka. o o o

(in \

Carduus

sp.

caravan,

s.

^V^

^i^'fl

s.

He

s''

oh.

tagwaza.

v.i. i'^tl

as(s)db (4y

has no cares

care, take,

yahiyya

^Ti gwaz.

caravan, start one's, care,

/

T^l)

:

(taid-).

:

§ 8).

;

M-H-. PAa^9"

«

assay yallaum.

htii'^ti astawdla (-aud-).

v.i.

(of, v.t.)

mnV

tabbaqa.

(of oneself, v.r.) i'ai'i^^ tatanaqqaqa.

i'm^+4' k tatanTake care (Look out Mind qaq pi. -+* « -qaqu Take care of him (it) m-fl+OH « tdbbiqau. Take care may be expressed by h'i^- (i)nd- and !

!

!)

:

!

!

:

*

'

the neg. imperf

Take care

it

(§

doesn't

38) fall

:

hlffiS^a)^^ « ndaiwcodiq.

careful, adj. htii'^Pf!, astawdi (-taudi; -dyy carefully, adv.

Carry

—

(lift)

use ger. of htl-fPii

him

(it)

§

6

;

§ 8).

:

carefully: htl^t'ah^V: hl^nohvt

astdulah ansau. caress, v.t. ^*feA<wjm

aqqwwlammata.

Carissa edulis (Broun, Cat. 337), carpenter,

carpet,

s.

carriage,

s.

m^fU Ma\,

tardbi

(

s.

}\p9° agam.

dyi).

an(n)dti.

ft;i^ si^^U^s.

/^^lA siragalla (w-

carried, be, v.p.

i'W

tanassa.

carried away, be, v.p. (tana-, -ws-).

sa-).

(removed)

'hflirt^

tawdssada

?

!

!

CAR— CAT

49 carried

carry,

be, v.p. (by force) i'^*^

off,

carrion,

&

v.i.

taqdmma.

TJ^'fl timb.

s.

t.

M**i andssa.

^A

cala.

(on animals)

'^'i

cana.

How much does this mule carry? ^Us ^^A A yfhe yaql^'o sint yicilal

fl4»A": lll^s

::

This one can't carry anything:

f^\)

.

h^'i*^9° a yfhe

aianasam (§ 63c). What are you (pi.) carrying (on your animals) i^"}

'^'t'-'f'X^

I

carry away, carry cart,

v.t.

/*'^1A siragalla (ip-

s.

cartridge, carve,

min cindccyuhal ?

::

(remove) oirt^ wdssada (wws-).

(by force) 'PI

off, v.t.

s.

&

v.i.

TJi'V tiyyit t.

?

(wood,

qamma.

sa-).

(tiy-).

etc.) aidfl

tdrraba

Max

annata. o o

(-aya).

•

(meat) ^dai qww'rrata. case,

s.

(receptacle)

fl>'"h

^T^

b>et. satin. •o

(legal) -*7^ miiggit. cast-ofl^ adj.

flH^S wtirraj

castor-oil plant {Ricbius

(§8).

communis, Broun, Cat.

528),

s.

T-A^ gwiilqwa. castrated, adj. (of calf, goat, ram, or cock) a^\\^ miikkit. cat,

s.

Jt<^^ dfmmat

cat, interj. to call a,

—

h«C urrr

to silence or drive

^H ydza (§ Catch him (it);

catch,

(-mat).

v.t.

caterpillar,

s.

^T^aol f 4*fli A

(ll)

away, h'P kiff

^Ha>-:: yazau, pi. -H*^:*. -zut. .-

:

^A yagwwmman 1*A yaqital

(hirsute) hfl AM. GR.

it

44c).

:

(§

8)

til.

(-tal) til.

Ga,^& abba caggwdr^e. 4:

CAT— CHA cattle,

50

h-n^ kayt (kaft

s.

cattle-plague,

cause,

f h-fl^

s.

9^W^^

s.

v.t.

Id).

n7i;^ yakaf t yasita.

mlknydt

Without cause cause,

:

§

(§ 8).

y^9^M^^

:

yalamlknyat.

:

—use causatives in h-

and hh-

a-

cautious, adj. hfli-'Pf^ astawai (-a^^j

cautious, be,

htl't'Pli

v.i.

cautiously, adv.

astawdla

—use ger. of

Let him go cautiously:

-^JJ

>

§

as-

^

(§

22a).

§ ^)-

'

(-aud-).

htli'^Pii:

^iK^a

hfii'ahtir:

astdul'^o

yihid, pi. -Afl>-: ^rh.-^-.: -lau yihidu.

cavalry, cave,

<<.^rt?

s.

farasafina (-san-

52a,

8).

*P^ wdssa.

s.

centipede,

h9°fi*lC amsagir.

s.

central, adj. *^Vi)/i

centre,

§

;

mahalanna

(-lau-).

'^l/A mahal.

s.

Cephalophus abessinicus, certainly

KtL

interj.

!

issi

s.

!

9^^^ middqqwa.

(-si).

n^bajja! (baj-). 9"^: h4-^« minkdffan? ( = I agree) 9"'i: ^Id^w min caggaran?

cerumen,

s. \)r\\

kukk.

Cervicapra bohor, chain,

s.

rt'JrtA'T'

chain (up),

v.t.

OOC b^ohar

s.

sansalat

(-lat

;

(put in chains)

The Ras put him

(-hwr).

S 8).

hAd

in chains:

assara

(-sar-).

^ft: hrt4-^r. ras

dssarut. o

chained (up), be, (-sar-

He

is

;

v.p. (chains,

be

in, v.i.)

§ 63(/, e).

in chains

:

;^A^A a

tdsroal.

^A^

tassara

CHA— CHA

51 chair,

ai9^(\C

s.

wwmbar

Bring a chair chamber,

:

(room)

s.

(-bar).

a)9^(\C

h9^m

-.

/w>?f?

masaiia

fl<J.;^

bar>eta.

(-fill §

6

§ 8).

;

(-sari-).

(euphem.) tmYid.^ makfaya change,

{7ct).

qirt.

?iA^^ ilfm s.

wwmbar dnta

fli^ b^et.

4'CT

chamber-pot,

«

(-f^ja).

(alteration) Afl>-T laut.

s.

(small

money) 9^1^^ minzdr^e. <w»rhA4»

mahallaq. o o '^

change,

v.i.

(be changed,

chanoje, O

v.t.

Aaim Iduwata. o o -o

'

v.p.)

i'limm talduwata.

(money) ao'iUd manazzara

Go and change aolliC

changed, be,

::

gold:

this

(-zitr-).

rh.j^

v.p.

(money) (

'l'<w»VH^

J^Jc^

),

s.

tamandzzara

character,

s.

wC^

s

mirdf

(-zar-).

*w>ftT masn^^'o.

d^Clti

9^6/^-^

s.

s

hid, yihan wwrci mdnzir.

channel for irrigation

chapter,

f^Vi

:

fasas.

(§ 8).

(nature) flrh^ bahri (bhari

§

7d).

(statement of qualifications)

i^ftVlC misik-

kir. o

I

have written you a good character

^¥l^AU:: misgdna charcoal,

charge,

s.

s.

;

9^hp^

tdf hullih.

hrtA kdsal. o o

(accusation)

Yltl

kiss,

(price) 'Pp wdga. (for hire)

h^J&

kfrSi

(§ 8).

4—2

s

CHA— CHI charge,

52

(accuse)

v.t.

kassasa.

hrtrt

(a price) d.til f^Haga.

charged, be,

v.p.

(accused) (a price)

charm, chat, '

takassasa.

'^hrtrt

i'd.M

tafdllaga.

(talisman) mArti'" talsam.

s.

cauata. o

s. fift'P;'"

•

01*7 Wcug.

chat,

i'^^at't'

v.i.

chat with,

v.t.

tacauwata (-wwta).

h^oi'

accauwata

(-wwta).

cheap, adj. (?i)Ch7i rikkds (irkkds

;

§ 8).

^"Id* qatafi.

cheat,

s.

cheat,

v.i.

&

cheated, be,

t.

^md.

qattafa.

h^Mi

attallala.

h'py

am'^oiina.

v.p.

o

o

i-^md. taqattafa. '^;^AA tatallala. o o o

cheating,

s.

4'T<{.^ qitf|t

(-f^t)-

^'T'bT qitfinna. Xo o .

cheek,

T-'i'^

s.

cheese,

s.

gwunc

[KjCi rfg^o

o2a, y).

(§

(irg-).

h^'d dib .(%). Chelonia

sp., s.

h.A. >eli.

chess,

s.

rt^m^t

chest,

s.

(box) ^T"} satin. (thorax)

santaraj (-tar).

^^^

darat.

(of animals) ^Ci-il^ firimba.

His (man's, horse's) chest is too narrow: nau. ddratu tabbdv Vfl>mfl'fl o o o o :

::

•

chicken,

s.

•

(young) *^6R;^ cdciit (dyii(older)

-ft-fl

:

§

7d).

R-C q>eb (qyey) d^^dr^o.

f^d'P

!

CHI— CHR

53

chick-pea {Cicer arietinmn, Broun, Cat. 140),

Tii^'fl^

s.

simbfra. o o chief,

YxtK^ dlaqa.

s.

sum,

Tf-?"

also ff-'^i^^ sumamit.

pi.

*J^Vi'? ainatafiiia

^^'.

(local, village)

'^^

to

{-nat-, -t^fi-).

"^9^ ciqd sum, often abbr.

ciqa.

(local, district) i^ftAi mislan^^e (-Ian-).

Where

the chiefs house?

is

yjisiimu y^ et yet child,

Ag-

s.

(small)

nau ?

children has she? hl^-. Aj^: children has she had?

o

aK-V-I*

s.

childless, adj.

dgac

?f'>'>n'"h

chip,

(§ 8).

chisel,

s.

choose,

K^

iss

(-giic).

sang^^<)bat (-6y-, -at).

'PA'T' filldc

s.

aiA^T«

jfnnat (-nat).

mahdn

<w»'/'J

ft'JT:

?

li

children, interj. to silence,

hl^

M^w

allat?

lii

sint walladac O

s.

Vfl>-«

fla.4»A caijla.

How many

chin,

P*^:

ffiibil (-livi-).

How many

childhood,

:

lij.

7"flA

sint

PTf-ow-: fl.^

(§ 8).

troC mar'' o. o

&

v.i.

t.

(select)
(prefer)

oi^^ wwddada.

Choose as you please: Ki^^-^it:\i: TCf^^ ndafiqddih mfrat,

(pol.)

y^lf^^^fj*

qdda'^o yfmratu. x o o o •

»'

chosen, be, Christian,

v.p.

s.

Christmas,

'taodm tamarrata.

YlCil-t^Tf

s.

A^^

kristydn

Ifdat

(-diit).

(§ 8).

:

f.9^dm' « ndafi-

CHU— CLE church,

64

fl.'f

s.

YlCil't^'i b^ etakristydn

:

h^(\C adbdr

^'flC dabir, pi. also

h^d^^

and

adbardt (dyd-

Ciconia Ahdimii (Guidi, Yocab. cigar,

^i'ax^titi

s.

^?"nA

:

cigarette,

§

;

8)

§ 8).

;

TlrmA simdla.

s.

timbauha

yatataqallala

:

na)^*l»ih

s.

f I'm+AA

.-

yatataqallala timbauha O o o O ^O O O

•'

makbab

^yDhfl-fl

^J^flA

.-

(S \i)

•

s.

p. 205),

(-dyd-

§ 8).

;

Id, turn-, -boha).

(§

circle,

(bataskydn

bauaraqat

:

Id, etc.). I '

(-kyay).

circular, adj. h-fl kibb.

circumcise,

'MM garraza.

v.t.

circumcised, be,

circumference,

What civet cat

clatter,

sfnti o o

civetta),

v.i. 4»'i"

v.i.

kwa claw,

s.

Ilflj^

zibdd

TC^

tfrffi (-nil S

v.i.

>m^

(of persons) ^»^V»,V^

let

Vfl^w

ftT-^.-

•o o

(-fyd-

^

§ 8).

;

6

; '

8 8). /

qanna.

(of things)

Don't

s.

nattara

h'Jfl.A;^ (i)mbilta

s.

H^C^id-.-

nau ? o

be (become),

clarionet,

ziirya.

circumference?

Viverra

(

civilised, be,

clarified,

frC^

is its

zuryau ^

tagarraza.

v.p. i'l^li

s.

^

:

(-tar-).

(§ 7(^/).

ankwakkwa.

hA kwa

the things clatter

:

dla

"h^

(s.v. \/flA, § .-

\\

:

44a).

Y\f,(i^ k fqa

aiyal.

T¥C

tifir

(§

52a,

y).

clean, adj. "Jm-Zh nituh.

clean,

v.t.

m^l

tarrag^a.

(by wiping) attimli walauwala. (purify)

hm^

atarra.

(the teeth) *^ca, mwacca.

Clean

it:

h'T^Oh' -^.'l-::

T^lio-:: tfragau, (a)A::

atrau),

-rut).

pi.

-7-^

::

-gut,

::

walwiilau,

(A*^

s:

-lut,

:

!

CLE-CLE

55 clean, be,

m^ tdrra.

v.i.

Are the

clothes clean

tartoal

?

A-flft

:

mC^^a

liys

(§

52a,

S)-

?

cleaned, be, v.p. i'mdl tatarraga.

(wiped) •fatAiDti tawalauwala (the teeth)

Has

tamwacca.

+mC^A

been cleaned ?

it

i^'^.fiCi.

Yes, I have cleaned

hatTr

it:

(taua-).

tatargoal

::

(mHlih^

-.

?

dwwn,

::

tdrraghut, or fllC'i*PAl^:. tarigg^ewallau^\

When

has been cleaned, show

it

M?'"^

me

it

:

rt,m^*7

sittarrag, asdyyan.

'.'.

clear, adj. (obvious) ?la^4»

iwuq

(r'uq).

(of water, etc.) T<- tfru (ttiru).

(not confused)

He

has a clear head

'fl<:

biru.

An-

.-

-04-

:

'lOh

v.

libbu yiru

nan. o clear (be),

m/"

v.i.

clear away,

Clear

tdrra.

v.t. h'i**i

andssa.

away hV^ah a

it

:

Don't clear them away: Clear

Don't

(pi.) it

away:

clear

(pi.)

j'lnsau. ^i;'"'>•^'f^a^::

attansdccau.

hla*'^:-. ansut.

them away: h^lrOJi'O^

'•

attan-

swdccau. o clear off (out),

v.i.

(d1^ wwggada.

Clear off! (dI^v. waigid fl)*?-^

clear up,

1,

f.

aJ*7jS'

::

wwgij

(of the weather) ht\^ abdrra (ayd,-

also at night).

clerk,

s.

clears

it

^d.

clerk, chief,

pi.

a wwo^idu

v.i.

When

!,

up

:

rt,^fl^

:

syaydra.

tdfi. s.

Xrh
•*

^Hli sahdf^e tiziz

(§ 8).

;

said

CLE—CLO

56

^^9" rasdm

clever, adj.

{§ 8).

-flAVI-? bilhatanna

(-tan-).

Tflfl? tibabafina (-ivav-, VO-O' •

1^ A gddal

cliff, s.

v.i.

climb,

v.t. h-...!

59a)

clippers,

'

s.

s.

hill

:

h+^^

AJK.

:

:

§

47&)

woj'tta.

s

katarard o o

'taha

sfmmint

fl)"]

wwtta.

i'^mm

taqattata.

ao^ai*^ maqtaca

^TrOiC qintar

ncTA

s.

ID'H ka-... lai (§8,

:

qattata.

clipped, be, v.p.

cloak,

AjR

lai

4»mm

clip, v.t.

clitoris,

(gadal).

climbed the

(^

-an-). '

at^ wwtta.

climb,

He

OOO

(-tac-).

(-tar).

barn^^os. o

^9^^ lamd. hfl

kabba.

(woollen) *^4* maq. clock,

rt^^

s.

saS.(t)

—

(s.v.

time, watch).

It is eight o'clock: fl9"Tf^:

rtW:

sadt nau.

At clod,

s.

eio^ht o'clock o

r-ii.^ gwiilTt

:

flftJ^'}^: rt^ih

v.i.

sadt. o

(-lit).

close (near), adj. (close to, prp.) close,

basimmint o o o

.•

4f*C'fl

qirb

(qiry).

(be closed, v.p.) 'tnp tazagga.

The door won't aizzaggam

(§

close

:

hl^ah

.-

hf!,\lp9^ «

sdnqau

63c).

The road has been closed to cattle: <w»^7^: -hmn+r h-fl^-: A'J^^A'P:: manofadu tatabbaqa kaft o O'Oindaialf, close, v.t.

Hp

zagga.

(a lid) h^.V

kdddana.

CLO— COA

57

Close the door

:

avrxixfohl

mpah a mazgyaim

-.

zfgau.

Close the box: ^T^'J: close(r) together, be,

They are

sdtinun kidanau. o o o o

Vl^Vfli-::

•

i"^^d.Or taqararrabu (-ayu).

v.i.

to be close(r) together

f^^^dd"

:

:••

yiqqa-

raravu. o •

They are not 'h'if!MJ)ii

to be so close together

cloth,

s.

.-

aiqqardrayii ndazzih.

M^dM

close(r) together, put, v.t.

(gen.)

hja+^^fl*

:

aciqararraba

(-aya).

ffii.C4» ciirq.

(for wear) A-flA libs

(liys).

(for wiping) ao'?/.'h9 niatrdgya.

mataqlaya

(for ^vrapping) aoax^lK^

Assortment of cloths clothe,

v.t. '

(-ttiq-, -|ia).

cJirqdcarq

A-flA libs

o

(livs).

IT g^et. cloud, s. ^ao^ dammana {^ 8). clove, s. 4*0^^ (jiriinful (qur-, Fine clothes

:

clover {Trifolium

sp.), s. 'PS'*^

-iimf-, -i-f: -fud,

S. s.

(weapon)

coagulate, coal,

^A

v.i. [?i]
ft-^A siddisa. o

diilla.

(i)ragga.

s. hrtA fJiX^ k^sal dangya. Live coal
:

coarse, adj. (scabrous) h°AV\A kwwskwdssa.

(rude)

nAl bdlag^e

coarse-grained, adj. coat,

s.

(Eur.)

hh

§

wajma.

G. 'T-Cm'fl gwoj'rtab

club,

(§ 8).

labbasa. o o

v.i. Aflrt

'

s.

fitl.C:^fla.C4*

liAnA aldbbasa.

clothed, be, clothes,

:

(-lag-).

kikk (klikk

tjfi-V k^^ot.

(of animal) av'Y'C tagwiir.

§

Id).

(-ay).

Id).

COB— COL

58

Cohus defassa, cobweb, cock,

J^4-^ diMsa.

s.

f ?f
s.

yasararit yyet.

fl^^

:

^^a^^: P-C aur^

s.

At cock-crow

d'^dr'^o.

hoh^

:

F-C^

-.

.•

fL^^fl

••

aura d^or^o

sic^dh. o •

cockroach,

s.

(\dC barar^o. o o

bunn (plant, berry and drink). Coffee and milk rbT-V ati'^ biinninna wwtat. o e Coffee without milk: fl**}: ^tuoi'^ii bunn yala-

coffee,

s. n*'>

::

:

:

wcJtat (-auoj-).

Don't put sugar into the coffee j^C*7fl^ coil, v.i.

ba- (ya-

The snake

:

i'fl'^

siikkar taviinn attadrioibbat

::

(be coiled,

fl-

A-hC

:

h^

(-tdrs:-).

i'maomtrD tatamattama, round,

v.p.) §

;

:

47a).

coiled

me

round

:

Kfl-fl

:

't^aiaDaitro'd'^ a

ivdv tatamattamabbin. o» o*o o O'*© o •

coil, v.t.

maomffD tamattama. o o o o • •

•

coin, small,

cold, adj.

s.

aothli^ mahallaq

^H^H

(§

o2a,

S).

qazqazza.

(of weather) -flCj^ bird

576).

(§

Cold water ^H^H a^V qazqazza wiiha Cold weather -flCj^ bird. o Very cold weather okC^ wurc. :

-.

:

(-zauha).

:

:

Is

it

cold there

?

hli,^

-flCjt

:

:

'lah

-.:

kazzya yfrdi

(§7c?)nau? cold,

s.

(weather) (in

-ilCj^ bird.

the head) -bli^t giinfdn

§

have caught a cold 'h'}4-'i ^H^ ydzan (lit. a cold has seized me), be (get), v.i. fl
I

cold,

(-limf-.

:

4*H*I*H (iaza(i(iaza. I ^ o

If

it is

cold

:

nncj^-

:

o

^

o

bivard.

o

7rf; § 8).

«

gumfdn

!

!

COL— COM

59

Let it get cold ff^'d^H: k yfyrad. Don't let it get cold hf^'dd^ k ^iyrad. cold, be (feel), v.i. fl
:

§

43a;

636?, e).

§

nCA^^A:: bard^oiiiial o

I feel cold:

Coleus tuberoms (Guidi, Vocab. (-CC

collect,

v.i.

p. 676),

s.

J^^-f dfnnic

§ 6).

(be collected,

v.p.) i'rtflrtfl

tasabassaba

(tas-,

-avdssava). o o o

•

•

o

'

collect, v.t. (bring together) AflAfl

(pick up)

A*l*<w»

sabassaba (savassaya).

laqqama.

collected, be, v.p. (picked) 'Vti^ao tala(iqama. collection,

colonel,

colour, '

s.

s.

s.

(group)

(native)

sibsdbi (siysdyi).

ft'fl'^rt,

flAi^fl<5«ft

balambaras.

ao^ti malk. o

+Ai^ qdlam. (of animals) a\l>C tagwiir.

comb,

s.

'%?' mfd^'o (mfd^^o). ao'i^Ti

mamiasa. o o ^

(of fowl) S. lih^ k^V)kan (-kiin).

G. r-±^ gwiittiya.

comb, come,

v.t. V4»rt

ndcjciasa.

interj. (intensive) [?i]Vi (f)kk''o (iikclitic

hl'^

nA Come, bring

and

(i)nji

;

often en-

.suffix).

(end).

bai.

(them §616)! XVi hrm.-. iikk^^o dnta (§ 7d), or }\9^m\i « antakk^o Come, put it down! hti*P9°a\ah hl'^u asqammiit

:

!

!

-.

taunji

Come, give

it

me!

iiai^s "hlf^a sitanninjf

or flA

:

tiai^

::

bal

sftafi

!

(§ 6),

:

!

COM— COM come,

60

9 na, na wwdlh

aofn matta, (imperative

v.i.

Come Come

here

!

'i' :

(D^V s

(here), please

nu).

1

'i

:

pi. Y-

hili: s ndsti, pol. J&9"/n«

:

"hll'tii yimtiisti, pi. "hi htl'ta misti.

him to come *i": flAfl*-:: na valau, pi. V: fl/V-^:: na valut. Tell them to come V- flA^<»- k nu valaccau, pi. >•: fl^^flJ-K nu valwaccau. Where does he (it) come from ? 'to)^^ 'lah "h'^aoft nau mmimata? tawwd^et o o o o come and Oa:o, v.i. +<w>AArt tamal§llasa. o o o o Tell

:

;

:

-.

-.

:;

•

,

'

come, cause (or allow)

come

in, v.i. 7fl

Come

asmatta.

to, v.t. htlaD^n

gabba.

^10'

in! in-.: gfya!, pol.

a

yfgyu!,

pi. *7n-r.

orfvu

come come

in,

cause (or allow)

out,

Come

v.i. fli^J

to, v.t. htil(\

asgabba.

wcJtta.

na wtita (nauta !). The stain has come out: hjt^s A+4*:: fdfii Idqalong out

!

*?

:

ahf\ «

!

qaqa.

come

out, cause (or allow) to,

comfortable, adj. I I

fi/^'t

v.t.

htKo^n aswwtta.

dahna.

am comfortable ^'^V am not comfortable: :

V^

:

s

dahnd (§

jl'fe
8) nan.

yiqwwraq-

qwuraiiiial.

Are you comfortable? ^IfT:

dahudna^?,

pol. ^'1'?: V?*::

diihnd ndccyuh

He

is

?

(§

'iVn pi.

dahnd nah?, A'V'?.- V^lha

7d).

in comfortable circumstances:

'iiiao'i

alamaiHid nau. o o

command,

s.

(order) ^Hli tfzdz (§8).

(authority) "^ao^ siimat (-mat).

-.

Vahs

«

COM— COM

61

command, v.i. & t. hllH azzaza. commandant (commander), s. hli^ commerce,

s.

commode,

nigd.

'>*7jt

commissariat

officer,

s.

(euphem.) Is

(-saii-).

bar>eta.

fliJ.;''

common

flScT^j^ bajir^dnd.

masafia

<w>?f?

s.

in»\id.^

makfaya

(plentiful), be, v.i. *wjA

common ?

it

alaqa.

'P^^'i

:-.

(-faia).

malla or T*A

m^^oltSalla

?

m^'(')lla,

(s.v. -h, § 6).

communicate, v.i. (receive Holy Communion) qwwrraba (ava). companion,

s.

company,

(mercantile)

He

s.

dfiiiyi^ balinjara. VhflJ^^

good company

is

(§8) nau, pol.

-i'''i

kubbaniyya.

fiD.*?'!'?

:

Vfl>-

::

cauatiiiifia

ndccau.

s.

:

f VPft

*P^

.-

:

yiinavs

7^0 waga.

complain, I

:

V^flJ-:; -taiina

:

h^ kdsa. Compensation for homicide

compensation,

(§

*fe
i?*Ti

v.i.

c''

6ha,

complain of him

of, fl-

(it)

:

ba- (ya-

§

;

47a).

?^^^*fin;^Al>• « ic'^ohibba-

tfiUau^ o I

complain of the headman

:

flTf-?"

:

hi^'^a^tHhn

basiim ic''ohibbatallau'\

Whom

do you complain of?

fl'^'}

.-

^^^TiAU

bamdntic^'ohdlliih?, pol. fll'i- ^(?*TiA-::

yic^ohdllu

?

Mti kasds

complainant,

s.

complaint,

(grievance)

s.

bamdn

(§8).

ttfeTi'V ciihat (-hat).

(ailment) see disease, pain.

have a complaint fiCfeTi^ ^A^ « What is your complaint ? 6Cfe*fi1-U ciihatih mfndir nau ? I

:

.

:

ciihat allafi.

ri^C

-.

VflJ-

:

COM— CON

62

complete, adj.

complete,

tf^-A*

miilu

OL^A carrasa

v.t.

completed, be,

milu).

(9°i)r

v.p. i'CR.iirt

(carrasa).

tacarrasa (tacarrasa).

completely, adv. '^^Ti cfrrds

(§ 8).

nfl>-A bawiil (bdiiiil s.

compress,

^^fl4» attabbaqa.

v.t.

compressed,

h'JI^

compulsion,

s.

v.p.

a\M

tabbaqa.

^dd.

*7j?:

compulsory, adj.

(-orily, adv.) fl*7j?:

flA^K^ balinjara. concave, adj. 1"^^^ gwwdgwadda conceal,

'

bagidd

(§ 8).

s.

ffffi

s.

(-wrgw-

§

7d).

Aatd sauwara. o o o

v.t.

sassaga (sassaga).

concealed, be, v.p.

conceit,

§ 8).

adj. T-fl^* tibq (tiyq).

compressed, be,

comrade,

;

OhfMh kantu ''udddsye.

compliments,

.-

i'rtfli^

tasauwara

't'S'Sl

tasassaga (tasassaga).

(tas-).

Vl-^^ kiirdt (§8).

conceited, adj.

kiiru.

Vl«4-

'tMd concubine,

s.

f '^'}

:

takabbari. o o

Id,^ yacin

(-fn)

garad.

condemn, v.t. d^df!^s fl- farrada ba- (va-: S 47a). condemned, be, v.p. i'd.ds^d^ tafarradabbat. »^» condition, s. (stipulation) ^C? qwurt (§ 52a, S). These are the conditions on which you will work

''r

nH.U

:

<^C'?

ooooo

:

^rt/J-AU

::

bazzlh qwiirt tisarallah. o o o ••

condition (training), be (get) out

He

(it)

t5al

is

•

't>^ tagwwdda. h^ kassa. o See § 63c?, e.

out of condition: +7"Jt;tA;: tagwaidi-

(-cJrt- §

condition, lack

of, v.i.

7^0-

of, s.

T-^^ gwtiddt

(§ 8).

:

CON— CON

63

conduct,

s.

conduct,

v.t.

ft^ sfra.

(guide)

ao^ marra.

(bring) Ai^^^ adarrasa.

conducted, be, confidence, confine,

v. p.

'h<wi^ tamarra.

"hS^h^ ^'^'^^ (-nat).

s.

assara

v.t. \\(ii.

(-sJir-).

confined, be, v.p. ^di. tdssara confiscate,

confound,

aiCh wwrrasa.

v.t.

conflagration,

^^ qwayya.

s.

v.t.

Confound you! ^JRAU:: confuse,

(-sar-).

(mix)

v.t.

yillih

h^).

(s.v.

!

fJXts*^ daballaiia (-avd-).

(mentally) G. hhfX'V assasdta. S. YyfxfX'V assasdta. o

confused, be, v.i.&p. (mixed) •^^nA+ tadaballaqa (mentall}^) G. '^rt^'f• tasasdta S. 'VfyMr tasasdta

congratulate,

v.t.

(tiisas-), (tiis-).

(on achieving)

congratulate you:

I

(-aya-).

nkwdn igziavli> er

?i'>V\^: MH.^'flrh.f:

iraddali, pol.

.

.

.

?i^^?*

?i^^U::

:

:;

.

.

.

irdd-

da"o consent,

v.i.

?iit

nj^ I

.-

:

^A

(f)ssi (-si, -s>')

hts.

bdjja (b^j-) ala

consent: Vd;:

fssi,

or

dla

^ !>*>::

(s.v.

VflA,

(

„

§

44a). „

).

ylhun.

consequently, adv. ?i'>*7^U (i)ngd^eh.

hHo)-^^ (i)z(z)iPwdy§; (-zdd-

&

consider,

v.i.

consul,

^'^^^A

t.

AiAfl ^

s.

consult,

v.t.

;

§ 8).

assaba (ava). OO^O'O'

qwtinsil.

'\r'^\i^

tamakkara

(kiir-) h- ka- (1*- ta-,

§47a).

Consult the head-man: tamakar. ^

'Mf-oi*-:

+'^hC;: tasiimu o

:

CON— coo consume,

64 ball a.

v.t. flA

consumed,

be, v.p. i"flA taballa (taya-).

contaofious, be,^ O

hfid. allafa.

v.i.

o

o

'

Is the disease contagious ? n7l;^: ^A4-/t"^:: basita

yalfallwf

contain,

(s.v. -fli^, § 6).

?

^H ydza

v.t.

(§

44c).

?J^A cdla.

How much min yahl

What

^UA:

contain? 9"^:

will it

/Z./2,HA::

yiyizal?

does

contain?

it

9°'}-.

hAfl^K min

allab-

bat? o contempt, content,

interj.

v.t. f^il

content, be,

v.i.

:

drag (araag!

§ 7(1).

!

lirtT dass (dass) assafina.

^A

.

^ft

:

^A

dass

htiOh-

he content ?

^ft

(-a-)

dass

See Is

hdl

expressing:

§

dla

(-a-)

QSd,

VflA,

§

dlau (impers.

44a). §

43a).

e.

'flA";^A«•|^ «

:

(s.v.

dass

yfl'^^otallwi

(s.v. -ai|&, § 6).

contrary,

He

on

the,

not to go

is

h^Ax,^ convent,

s.

"hlK

:

Ifi9°

conversation,

s.

je,«fe/^

:

:

(i)nji.

on the contrary, he is to stay hTr"^ dihid, yfqwwyy inji. ::

gadam (gad- § 8). 00*1 plC mannagdgar ;

(-gar).

01*7 Wcug.

converse,

v.i.

't'lpld.

tanagdggara

i'^ati' tacauwata

converse with, convolvulus cook,

s.

sp., s.

:

(-wwt-).

h^^at't accduwata (-wwt-).

hd.1 arag.

IDT: fl.^ wwtb^et tpox

cook,

v.t.

(-tyy-).

fid wo^ta sdri (sari

v.t. /iflrtA

(-gar-).

abassala

(ava-).

;

§

9^).

?

«

COO— COR

65

Cook it: h-iitltiohii Can you cook ? idT cooking (cookery),

avsilau. *

flJT

s.

^Oh^M wwt.

cool, adj.

^H^H

qazqazza.

cooler,

'H'tt^^

mabrdja

s.

co-operate,

copied

i'm^^a^

v.i.

wwt tauqallah ?

••••

(-ayr-, -raj-),

tataqdqqamii. i'liKdm tagaUbb|ta.

(out, in wi'iting) be, v. p.

i'^^ taqddda. copper,

copulate,

ndhas

V/tl

s.

(inire)

v.i.

(§ 8).

bddda

fl-^

(bad-).

(of the female) i'fl^^* -iiyd-

;

-ace

(euphem.) copulation,

copy

s.

H^^

§ 6).

+?

hidit

(out, in writing), v.t.

tabdddac (tabad-,

tdiina (tan-, -na).

(§ 8).

lAflm galdbbata. +-^ (iddda.

Cordia ahessinica (Broun, Cat.

371),

coriander,

(§ 8).

s.

corkscrew,

s.

j^-JT^'flAA

dfmbilal

f mC«'H tw^-^ yatarmiiz

hl^ sfnd^e. What is the price

corn,

s. *?*}»!

wSnza.

(-tiir-)

mdfca.

s.

iflJ-K

sj(nd>e

(§

of corn? ft'J^e'P/iiD-eflA'J^B

556) wdj^au vasinti

com, Indian {Zea mays),

nau

?

pn/lfiC:*^7i'\ yiibdhir (-aySr)

s.

masilla. o

comer,

s.

<^H7 mdzan. o

corpse,

s.

flj^*}

correct, adj.

bddin (bdd-

(-ly,

;

adv.) ^'i'?

-inn

§ 6).

dahna

(§ 8).

^hhA tikfkkil. o o o Ah likk (§ 576). nAh'bdlikk

m^i"? AM.GR.

(ll)

(§ 8).

tafFitaiina (-tan-). 5

COR— COU correct, be, '

66 'thhti takakkala. o

v.i.

'

o

o

tn^'hii tafF ala correct, (render),

VHA,

§

44a).

htii'hhfi astakakkala.

v.t.

m^sh^^l corrupt,

(s.v.

taff adarraga.

(a person) hfi-f assdta.

v.t.

Corvus

sp., s.

cost,

s.

Vp

cost,

v.i.

*^

qiira.

wdga.

't'lH-'d-

\\Tiat did

it

tagazza ba- (yacost

?

;

§

47a).

dhlr^. 't-lH.'. baslnt tagazza? o o o*— o '

What

does

cost? *pJ^a^!9"'>.•^UA••Vfl^K

it

min yahl nau cotton,

(-plant, -wool)

s.

(thread)

cotton

soil

cough,

s.

hC

(^i^L)

,

s.

TT

tit.

kirr.

twnp mazaga

^A

wdgau

?

(-zag-).

sal.

Have you got a cough ? ^ftAAU «

tisildllah

?,

pol.

j&ftAAr. yisilallu?

cough,

sdla.

v.i. fiti

Does he cough? )&AAA» silallu

^AAA-k

yi-

?

o

&

yisilal?, pol.

*fem^m^(D-s'. qwiitarau. Have you counted it (them) ? *femCWfl>-« qwcJttarhau? o

count,

v.i.

Count

t.

it

counted, be, country,

s.

:

v,p.

i"fem^ taqwwttara

(gen. inhabited)

(-tar-).

hlC agar

(opposed to town

;

(-gar).

uninhabited) ddV bdra-

ha.

What is your nau?

country? hlCV'-^^i'tahn dgiirih yet

COU— COV

67

QlCV bdgarih. man that knows the country: YxIC^^'^^ah'^i

In your country

A

fiahi dgjir

countryman,

s.

••

:

yammyduq

sau.

(rustic) flAI balag^ e (-lag-).

flAlC baldgar (-gar). Ifl^J.

courage, course,

s.

of, interj.

"ht^^

^kwiln.

h'iy\'i

nd-^eta, antaunji

(of justice)

s.

(§

!

s.

?l^^;^•^li^'»Jfl^:?l751:•.

it!

7d).

^^C^'-M'rtlV'lh

In court: cousin,

-ar-).

(i)nd>eta.

Yes, of course bring

court,

ffabar^e (-ava-,

A-fl libb.

yaffrdi b^et

(y^-).

sagannat.

bauwmbar o o

(\(D9^(\C'd.'1'-

^7°^! aS" yaggwwt

(^ ^'J

8) fit. o '

(§ 8) lij (uncle's child).

zamad (relation). wwndim (prop, brother), pi. flj-jj^oyip:)-. wcundimdm^oc (-cc § G).

tltm^

atlr^V*

He

is

my

cousin: ^l-'t aS" ••

•*

Vfl^

:••

also

yaggw^t^e

lij

nau. o cover,

(lid)

s.

<w»h^? makdana

(-dan-).

h^'>kfdan(?8). (of cloth, etc.)

cover,

A-flft libs (liys).

v.t. (clothe) htidfl Tld^'i

alabbasa

saffana o o o

(§

56/).

(saf-). ^

'

(as a lid) h^V kaddana. Cover the sore: '^tldr'i h^'dAahn qwiisilun '•

dlyi-

sau. o

Cover the sore on his back:

^^^CdahTri^tl^--

h^'HAahi'. yajaryaun qwdsil dlyisau.

Cover the sore on her back: ^XC([*P'i'''i^tlfii-h^'Qfl^ yajiiryauan qwiisil alyisat. 5—2 ti

:

COV— CRE covered, be,

68 v. p.

(cover oneself,

v.r.)

i'TfAV tasaffana

(tasaf-).

coverlet,

cow,

coward, crack,

s. (-ly,

^d fari (fari). 1^ niq, pi. also '>^^^ niqdqdt (§8).

adj.)

(fissure)

s.

(§ 8).

lam.

Ai'"

s.

r^Tfm^ mfntaf

s.

tl'i'vi slntiq.

k^orak^^dra (-rwk-

(in soil) »i<:iri^

crack,

v.i.

(be cracked, v.p.)

;

§

52a,

S).

i^ ndqqa. (-tardti'i'di'd tatardttara o o ^ o o o o

tar a).

i'Mm*^ tasandttaqa

(ta-

san-).

The

jar will crack: h^ft^iD-sJi'h^l'h^AK nsirau

yittarattaral.

crack,

v.t. 'i'^i'd.

tarattara (tardttara).

Mm^ sanattaqa. crack the jar: h'itl^fOh'iif^i'd.^^^ii nsf-

It will

raun

yitardttiral.

cracked, adj. iil"\^ santaqqa.

the

Is

soil

there cracked? -Mt^ • #wi^^

hahi\ tazzyd mar^^et

crackle,

v.i. •f"^h»'
santaqqd nau?

;

rt'}''!^

(§ 8).

tankwwsakkwwsa. o o

crafty, adj. "flAT bilt.

crash,

v.i.

creak,

v.i.

crease,

s.

credit,

s.

On No (§

^s^A gwa dla (s.v. •7{^:M^mm*'ala( t'T'V^V^

VflA,

„

§

44a). „

).

tankwakkwa.

'^aid,^ matafya.

M Ma.

credit:

credit 7^).

fl^--

bdda

given:

(§

7a).

fl^l'^sh^^AK

baddmm

didal

CRE— CRU

69 creditor,

balagdnzab

flAl'JH'fl

s.

hdfi^ abadddri crest,

crevice,

n^A croak,

croak

1^^^

Acheta

sp.,

sp),

niqdqat

(§ 8).

iji"\ f^'dnta

s.

(§

52a,

8).

(§ 8).

badal (bad-),

(P^fi c'^'oha. • o

v.i.

'

qiinc'' o.

Cx^M (h)atyat

s.

(ava-, -ad-).

Tr^ niq, pi. also

s.

cricket {Gryllus

crime,

iil^

(of bird)

s.

(-ay).

f^fi^

(-ing), s.

crocodile,

^H

s.

ciihat (-hat).

azz''o,

crooked, adj. m*^*^ tamdma. crop,

s.

(planted

field) ?iCVf irsa (§ 5 2a, 8).

(harvest)

hHao^ azmara

Are the crops good

?

(-mar-).

azmdra

hliaD^''(\J^v.

yajja?

<w>ft+A mdsqal.

cross,

s.

cross,

v.i.

&

iLdm

t.

(jw^rrata.

't'Hnd tasaggara (tas-, -gar-).

Cross

it

and go straight on;

*feCfliUfl>-s<(.^sA^^!

fit lafft hid. tK^ '^ K qwwrtiihau 1 o o o o o To cross one's legs: Yi'l^'i-d.-l'li-•

fgrun (§52a, y)

fdttala. o

o

cross (in a

o

bad temper), be (become),

rara cross-roads,

(-riira

;

§

OSd,

crown,

s.

c^'oha. o

thll'd hfzib HflJ-j?:

crucified, be,

ft^^Cfte

ad^bba.

•

s.

«^>'};^fl^:

sp.), s. *fe^ qiira.

v.i. ^=*»Ti

crowd,

:

sittidars.

^ftfl

crow (Corvus crow,

tamdr-

aot^ manta.

s.

mantau O v.i.

i'aDd.d

e).

When you reach the cross-roads crouch,

v.i.

(-iv),

pi.

also hfhH'd dhzdb (-dy

zdud.

v. p.

i'rt+A tasdqqala

(tas-).

;

§ 8).

CRU— CUR crucify,

crush,

rt+A saqqala.

v.t.

cah^ cakkdn

cruel, adj.

crupper,

70

(-nn

(D^A wwdd^ella

s.

§

6

;

§ 8).

(to*- wii-).

flJ+m wwqqata.

v.t.

crushed, be,

v.p.

i'iD^m tawcJqqata

(tauw-).

fl^Ti^ ciihat (-hat). cry, v.i. ^^'^ c^'dha. cry,

s.

(weep) hli^Cl alaqqasa. cub,

*7A'1A

s.

ofloral.

Cucumis melo (Broun, Cucurhita cultivate,

Cat. 206),. s. ^(\ diibba.

maxima (Broun, Cat. v.i. & t. (sow) H^ zarra

209),

s. 4*

A

qil.

(zar-).

(plant) '^hA takkala.

cultivated, be, v.p. (sown) '^H^ tazarra (tazar-).

(planted) cultivation,

hlloD^ azmara

1(\& oabar^e

s.

tatakkala.

(cultivated land) hCfi frsa.

s.

(practice) cultivator,

't'i'hti

(-ava-, -ar-).

cunning, adj. -flAT bill cup,

s.

9'm^

finjal

*P'i*^

wdnca.

(§ 8).

i'P Mga.

enamelled ware) ^i,h tanika. hloD aggama.

(of

cup,

v.t.

cupped, be,

cupping-horn, curdle,

taggama. *P19°^ wdgamt.

v.p. ;^•|<w> s.

v.i. [?t]^l;j

Curdled milk curds, cure,

s.

[?t]C">

v.t.
(i)ragga. :

h^'ti dib

rfg^o

(%).

(frg-).

fauwasa. o o o

^.^

cured, be, v.p. i'^ioA tafauwasa.

(-mar-),

«

CUR— CUT

71 curse,

[KjCII'i rigimdn

s.

&

(irg-

;

§ 8).

dlao rao:orama. qOOo o Curse you! 9"'}-h(\^VK minabbatih?

curse,

v.i.

curtain,

t.

aop^ maggaraja.

s.

MAC ag^'obar (-oy-,

-ar).

Let down the curtain: m»^^3?fl>-'}:^AflHK maggarajaun talau. curve,

h^iflrt a^wwndbbasa. ~ o o

v.i.

o

cushion,

custom,

mak(k)adda.

ao\\i\

s.

i^^^

s.

sirdt

(§ 8).

fd°dir. JiJ^C "^ o o

wwg.

01*7

Is

it

an ancient custom? f ^J^T* hj^C ••

qddm^'o iddfr custom-house,

(§

8)

nau ?

(-qarm''(kl-

§

:

V(»- a

ya-

Id).

im^C^^i. maciraca (rac-).

s.

flC barr. o

customs,

s.

4*^T qarat.

How much

are the customs? 4*^m«.'J'"'}!^0A.'

V
customs, collect,

min yahl nau? O o *'

^Cok qarrata, on, h- [+-] ka-

v.i.

(ta-,

47«).

§

customs, pay,

v.i.

Everything

i'+^Cm taqarrata.

have to pay customs

will

:

U- A*

••

?i^

^^C"\t\^' hiillu fqa yiqqarratal. I

do

(shall, will)

not pay customs

:

hA+^Tl^K

qarratim.

customs

official,

s.

«I»^*P'

Qardc

(§ 8).

(-ran-). n
cut,

v.i.

&

t.

'

Cut

it: *l>^<^mi»-K

qwiiratau, pi.

-m-^K

-tut.

aliq-

CUT— DAN

72

Don't cut

h^'^^moi'^

it:

attiqwiiratau, pi. -ohl-s

-tut.

cut, be, v.p. '^*fe
cut-throat,

gaddu.

JJ-^

s.

Cynocephalus

sp., s.

ll'i'KC zinjar'^o (-j^r-).

D refers to the

§

dagger,

s. lin;fl^

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

cub^e

(-uy^e).

daily, adj. f U-A*^ yahullaqan. daily, adv. l^A+'J hullaqan.

daisy,

s.

11*70 zfgba (-gya).

Dalhergia melanoxylon (Broun, Cat. dam, s. *7jt^ gf^dib (-iy).

dam,

v.t.

I^fl

gaddaba

158),

s.

Hfl,z^dbbi.

(-ava).

damage, s. T^^^ gwtidat (§8). damage, v.t. 7"-^ gwwdda. damaged, be (get), v.p. '\r>fi tagwcJdda (§ 63^, e). See that it doesn't get damaged hlr^f/h*f{^ ndaig:

gwojdda, ...that they don't get... --^k -ddu.

damp,

adj. [?i]CA (i)dss.

AHH These

lazdza. o

clothes

yihe

be,

dance,

s.

dance,

v.i.

danger,

damp:

liys (§ 52a, S) irlssi

fcC^AK yfhe

damp,

are

v.i.

livs yirfsal.

[?i]^rt (i)rdsa.

Hd/i zdfan (zaf).

s.

(§

H
'^pC cfggdr

(§ 8).

^U-- A-flftsJiCAiVaHa

7d) nau, or

/2,0.-

A-flA--

DAR— DAY

73 dare,

v.i.

&

t.

I dare say

jtlf^As yih^onal.

:

dark, adj. (devoid of light) fiftA*^ callama

{§ 8, §

57b).

(in colour) T*fcC tiiqur.

(of complexion) a\^9" tayyim.

The room

is (too)

dark:

fl.* fliA'^ Vi»- k ••

••

b>etu

callamS, nau.

dark, be,

v.i.

darkness,

(ElUoo callama.

s. (ELti*l

callama

(§ 8).

qan (§ 8). date, s. (day) (fruit) -M^C tamir (§ 52a, S). date-palm (Phoe)iix dactylifera, Broun, Cat. *f*^

595),

s.

AA.** sdl>en (§ 8).

Datura stramonium. (Broun, tandgir

daughter,

dawn,

s.

s.

rt.1-:

Ajf

"ip^ nfgdt

v.i.

s.

AiA'h'?*7C as-

(-tan-). s-^et-lij (§ 8).

(§ 8).

^Tfl,^ atbya

dawn,

Cat. 394),

(-tyy-).

mfl tdbba. 'ip

ndgga.

_

Before the day dawns: i'^JtC-'A^nifls mdir

sai-

tdva. •o

day,

s.

•

+^ qan

(§ 8).

[*]A1^ (i)i^t

(-lat).

See § 52a, 8. Every day, adv. l^A+^ hulldqan. flf +V'

He

works (will baqdn yisdral.

bayyaqanu.

hf *f»V- iyyaqanu. work) by the day:

We shall start in three

days

:

bas^Ost qan inninnassfillan. i-a o o o o

flAA^.-

fl+'J-'JiA^A::

^l- K'JV^A^a

DAY— DEC

74

Ten days ago:

hf^C-'^'i'-hf!^^!-'

assir

qan addr-

~o

o

many days?

In how

dtll^i^l'' basinti qan?

Half a day ?iVhA»;^ +'> iikkuP etd qan. He (has) worked for half a day i'Vl-A.;^ ^1 rt<5« k takkul^etd qan sarra. day before yesterday, the, adv. i'ihT^^ (D^^ tatindnt s

:

•-

*

:

••

:

wc^dyS

(§ 8).

day-labourer,

s.

flA^^ balamwaya

(-aia).

deaf, adj. f^'i'kC danqwwr^'^o.

dear, adj. (beloved,

This

Oh

fl>-j^

ifli-

:

dear

yfhe bammisti virr wtiddi

::

(surprise)

!

:

h^ «

ara

debt,

'

(S

7d) nau.

!

'P^ m^^ot. death, put to, v.t. htil^ii asgaddala death,

wiidd.

too dear at five dollars: ^V-'(\9°h^i'(\C--

is

oh^

and expensive)

s.

M

s.

(-gad-).

Ida.

o

bfddir. -flJ^C "^ o

He

is

o

100 dollars in debt:

mat^o virr fda O O O debtor, s. HA^ bdlad^ •

o

(§ 8).

nA-nj^C balabiddir decanter, deceit,

s.

s.

^'ild'^

mabraja

^T^JL^ qftfat

*T
(-avf-).

(-ayr-).

(-fiit).

qitffnna.

?i'flA^ iblat

deceive,

tm-f-.'nC-.M-.hm^ii

allabbat.

v.t. *l»m
(iyl-, -lat).

qattafa.

hdii abbala OO

fl-

ba(vaS 47a). o\*o'<' ;

/

h^tifi attallala. o o

hT^y

He

deceived

am^^ofifia.

me hdH'W^ :

v.

abbalabbin.

DEC— DEF

75

Mind he doesn't deceive you: ?l^^^;^AAO«

ndaiat-

tallilili. o o

deceived, be,

v. p.

i'^aid. taqattafa. 't^titi tatallala. o

deceiver,

^^^m

s.

December,

s.v.

decide,

(in

v.i.

decided, be, decision,

o

o

qatafi.

calendar.

a case) ^d^^ farrada.

v. p.

i'd,^^ tafarrada.

'PCj^- fird.

s.

declare, v.i hfi ala

(s.v.

v^flA, §

44a,

(on oath) '^A mdla decorate,

(§

§

80).

80).

htllax asor^eta.

v.t.

& mil.) TlAJ'" & mil.) TiA*^-!*

decorated, adj. (gen.

siUim.

decoration,

sillimdt

decree,

s.

(gen.

s.

/^^^' sirit ^H-M

decree,

v.t.

(§ 8).

(§8).

tfzdz

(§ 8).

rt^ sdrra.

hnn decreed, be, v.p.

:izzaza. o

o

'I'rt^

tasarra (tiisar).

deep, adj. (of water) TA4» tilq

(§ r,7b).

niA.4» tdliq.

(of a cavity) hf,^ ;iiq. deep: TA^'.-Vm-H tilq! (§ 7d) nau. How deep is the water? <»-'/•• TA*-* It is

wiiha tilqu sfnti nau

kadim? v.i.

It is too

defeat,

v.t.

sifl>-«

?

deep to ford? Aahih^fi\h^9°i'- sau

Is it too

deep, be,

AW

aias-

(a^as-).

mA*!' tdllaqa.

deep for him

JtA.-^^^T

dil

(it)

:

^mA+'PAK

addrraga.

JtA••<w>;^ dil matta.

yitalqaual.

«

:

DEF— DEP

76

defeated, be, v.p. J^A.-lf* dil h'^ona.

S:^ii'0o^ defecate,

defend,

v.i.

v.t.

defendant,

MdifD^n

(i)ddari wwtta.

'^fi'-mm

m^eda

takdsds

i'h^'fi

s.

T^^A"

gwajdal'^^o.

(dM wwssana.

v.t.

v.i. "feP

+^

qwwyya. qdrra

Don't delay: qwwyyu, or delay,

(^ 8).

'hmn+ tatabbaqa.

v.p.

deficient, adj.

delay,

wwtta.

mfl* tabbaqa.

defended, be, define,

tamatta.

dil

^*fef

v.t.

(§

42&).

^^'fe/iss attfqwwi,

h^^Ca

attfqir, pi.

pi.

h^Wn

atti-

^^4'4-k attiqru.

aqwwyya.

hMd asqarra. deliberate,

v.i.

'

delu

s.
(a) 3),

demand,

aohd makkara o o o

v.t.

Am

h^

(-kar-). ^

maqja.

dla

s/flA, §

(s.v.

sftann dlu (or

HC

s.

44a) with imperative of

satta

They demanded money: demon,

•'

...••

1^H'fl-'Am'>«^/V*K

tiai^ hi^

:••

'-

...

ganzay

sitann dlu).

zar.

h^ dla (s.v. VflA, § 44a) with neg. coning. (§ 38). (disown) h^ kdda. He denies that he saw him (it): Mfih^^s|iAAK

deny,

v.t.

aldyyahutim

He

denied the debt (dishonestly):

fdaun

o

depict,

v.t.

deposit,

depth,

s.

yflal.

s.

?»^fl>-7 : ?f ?f 1

sdssaora.

AA

o^ o sdla (conjug. like

o

(on trust)

^^^

dddra

"hCHao^ irzfmat (-miit). (of water) TA4» tilq.

AA

to cough),

(-d4r-

;

§ 8).

DER— DET

77 derived, be, v.p. (n't wwtta.

Dervish,

s.

descend,

v.i.

atdf^

descending, adj. descent,

s.

Sudan)

(of the

ftCfl-Ti

darbus {^-

df-, -ryu-).

w^rrada.

^4-;'' dafata.

(slope) ^fii*^ti^ qwulqwiilat (-lat

;

§ 8).

(way down) tmOi^dA mauraja. describe,

massala (type

v.t. <w»rtA

him

I will describe

(it)

:

B

§

35).

?i<w>ft A*PAi>

« imassilaual-

lau^(§7c?, §12c).

Describe him

(her,

it,

them

§

61&) to

me

:

<w>ftAA^»

massililliii (S 47ft). / \«5 o o

o

description,

o

9^t\^ ^jsU-

s.

J^OA» missdl^e. o desert,

s. fl^'/

baraha. o o

deserted, adj. *h"f ficc deserve,

(§

576).

tagdbbau (impers.

v.t. +7flfl>-

He deserves praise

:

gdbbaual. desire, s. 9°"^^ mfiniot. desire,

fallaga.

v.t.
"ttmi tamaiiiia. despair,

+A4-sh^

v.i.

desperado, destroy,

s.

v.t.

^%

t^sfa (tas-) atta.

gaddu.

ja*^

f^jj^

(faj-).

hi^d^il afarrasa. o

(consume) destroy utterly,

o

o

flA balla.

d.^% %jajja

v.t.

destroyed, be, v.p.

detain,

s.

*PCft firs,

v.t. ^"fef

aqwwyya.

Kft«f*^

(faj-).

^i^ii fdrrasa.

-i-dX tafdjja

destruction,

§

43a).

J^ft;3T!^7fl'PAK misgdna yig-

asqarra.

(-faj-).

DET—DIF determine,

78

&

v.i.

t.

(intend) <(.+^ faqqada. (fix)

wM wwssana.

determined, adj. Cfth^ cakkdfi devastation, devil,

Ti-^

s.

Cl^tnTr

s.

tifat

sStdn

(-nil § 6

§ 8).

;

(§ 8).

(§8).

^.^-n/t-ft d5'db(i)l^ds (da-, -ay(i)l-

The The devoid

him

devil take

(it)!

of,

I^As^'^n:-. gadal yfgya!

47a).

(§

f A.An^ yalJ^allabbat (-bat

A

§ 8).

9^'i.M^Vii min abbatih?

devil take you!

prp. ^A- ydla-

;

;

§§ 39,

47a, 62c).

place devoid of grass: •^CsfA.Afl^sfl'P^s sar

yaPallabbat

sifra.

In a place devoid of grass: •^C flA.Aft^ s

••

ft¥<5«

••

sifra. sar val^allabbat o o o •

devour,

dew,

s.

T^^rt gwwrrasa.

v.t.

mM

dewlap,

s.

i/ezsi.

^^p dalga. s. h^lh almas

diamond, diaphragm, diarrhoea,

(§ 8).

hcn-d'^n^ irgibgfbat

s.

diarrhoea, have,

v.i. *l*Hi

diarrhoea, cause, v.i.

'P't

;

§ 8).

^H'i qizan.

s.

^^'^T tiqmat

die,

(-iygfydt

(§ 8).

qdzzana.

/lA+HV asqazzana.

v.i. (in, v.t.)

m^ota.

What did he fit) die of +Af taldyya.

?

a9"'i:'P't"^

bamfnm^ota?

differ, v.i.

difference,

s.

<w>Af

different, adj.

AP

^

mallayat.

hyyu.

A.A lela.

This

is

Va>-K

from that: jbVi^^:'iah.y9^'.fii^s yfhe liyyu nau yam liyyu nau.

different

«

DIF—DIR

79 difficult, adj. *P''}4» cinq.

'^'hC cfggur.

This

to climb: /iU--<wi(»-^i5:^7-C--i(D-::

is difficult

yihe

mautdtu

555)

(§

Amharic

ciggiir

(§

8)

difficult to learn:

is

nau.

Ai'^C? K/Z.^'H jP" ••

amarfnna aiyydzim (§ 63c). difficulties, be in, v.i. '^^7^0^ caggarau (gar-; impers. §43a). difficulty,

dig (up),

s.

(distress)

^-^C cfggdr

&

qwo^ffara (far-).

v.i.

*fe
t.

kwdta. o

t^'^

dignified, adj. hOj^

(§8).

kabbdd

(§ 8).

{Madoqna Saltiana and Nanotragus Hemp-

dik-dik

richianus), diligence,

^p^

s.

9^f\^

s.

tfgdt

middqqwa.

(§ 8).

diligent, adj. ^"h tfgu.

tagga.

diligent, be,

v.i. "Irp

dflu (J^),

s.

in»4»3^*

Binder,

hf,*l ;iima.

dinner, Is

s.

m^(jja.

?i^'> irdt. o

s.

dinner ready? ?i^^s'hrt'i'j^;tAK irdt tasandditSal? (-ndrt-

Put

§ 7^/).

on the table and

it

let it wait: *l'Cn:^'feji::

qdry^'o yfqwwi (-y^^oiq-). direction,

s.

(dH wagan

He went

(wwg-).

in this direction: nH,U!fliT>:rh.e:: bazzfh » o o /

wwgan

hadii; or flJUU-'flVhA-'rh.^::

kul hada, dirt,

s.

(-y,

dirty, be,

adj.

v.i.

§

^ihA).

(s.v.

3lh) Ji^'P

h^d. addafa

It is dirty

:

hf^^

It will get dirty

:

k

id(i)f. (§ 63r/, e).

addafa.

^Jt4-A « yadfal.

bazzih yak-

DIS— DIS

80

disappear,

JiAJ^s^A illimm dla

v.i.

HA4» zdllaqa

disappearance,

T4-^

s.

lAm

v.t.

Do

§

44a).

(q.v.).

tffat

disbelief, interj. expressing,

disclose,

Jdti,

(s.v.

(§ 8).

hdl

drag

!

(aradg

!

§

7d).

gdllata (gal-).

not disclose

h^ltimahv. attlglatau,

it:

AiMAm-^K

hf^ltiai'^i'. diglatut, pi.

disclosed, be, v.p. i"lii(n tagallata

discomfort, cause,

(-gal-).

tl^^'-hti sfqiqq dla

v.i.

pol.

attiglatut.

(s.v.

VflA,

§ 4:4a).

*fe
He (it)

qwojrdqqwwra.

causes us discomfort

:

^'hd'^d^^ a yiqww-

raqqwurannal. discourteous, adj. flAl balag-^e discover,

7Am

v.t.

discovered, be, disease,

(-lag-).

gallata (gal-).

v.p. i'liitn

tagdllata

(-gal-),

dti^ basita. A*B daw^e (ddu^^e).

s.

He (it) has a disease of the lungs sambaun disgrace,

(§

h^^^

s.

52a

y,

§

56c)

iidi'i

s.

dish-cloth,

sdhan

s.

ifrat (-rat). ;

§ 8).

(§ 8).

^^A»

dishonest, adj.

dishonesty,

^y"n
tdmmSSl.

disgusting, adj. 3^^¥ sdyyaf (m- tddish,

:

s.

qatafi.

^'T^C^ q^tfat

(-fat).

4»T¥9" qitffnna. ^-flA^ iblat dislike, v.t.

mA

dislocated, be,

My

ankle

q5al.

(iyl-, -lat).

tdlla. v.i.

is

fliA* wdllaqa (wwl-).

dislocated: Yil&i tD^^^v. |gr^e wwl-

DIS— DIS

81 dislocation,

dismiss,

s.

fl^A4» wulq.

v.t. ^rt'i'ni'

dismissal,

(-bat-).

tllil^ sinfbbit.

s.

'

assanabbata

dismissed, be, v.p. i'rtVfli' tasauabbata (tasan-, -bat-).

disobedience,

'

s.

hao*? amat. o •

disobedient, adj. haoai'i amataiiiia

disobey,

&

v.i.

(-tan-).

haoai ammata H- ba-

t.

(ya-

;

§ 47rt).

Are you going (do you mean) to disobey me? 11 nau ? A;M^T'n^ -gg^ littammitibbf O'O O o o You are disobeying me ;^i'"T'fl*'f AU tammitib...

!

:••

:

binndllah. o disperse,

(be dispersed, v.p.)

v.i.

i'fl'f'V

tabattana (tayd

,

-attiin-).

The crowd

(was) dispersed:

rhli-fl

••

i'fli'i

•.:

hfziy

tavattjina. o

o

•

disperse,

v.t. fl'^V

disposition,

s.

battana

(arrangement) /*'^1" sfrdt (character)

dispute, jr

s.

'

(battiin-).

fl/h
(§ 8).

bahri (bhdri

§

7d).

YlCtlC kirfkkir. o o o ai»«*7l* mu<»irit.

takarakkara

dispute,

v.i.

dissolve,

v.i.

(dissolved, be. v.p.)

s.

[?i]C+1' rfqat (frq-).

distance,

What

-I'h^h^i

(-karakkiir-).

^^ mwammwa.

the distance? C+^:.•?"'>.•^UA.•Vfl^:: rfqatu min yahl nau ? o o is »'

distant, adj. [?i]<-^ (|)ruq. distant, be,

v.i. [?i]^*l»

distinguish,

v.t.

Af

(i)raqa.

layyii.

distinguished, be, v.p. i'ti? taldyyii. distress,

s.

(grief) hn'} dzan.

(misfortune) "^jjC ciggdr AM. GR.

(ll)

(§ 8).

6

DIS— DO

82

be in,

distress,

^IdOh caggarau (gar- impers.

v.i.

§

;

43a;

§63^,6).

&

p. hH^i azzana.

distressed, be,

v.i.

distribute,

hUd^ti akkaffala. o o

v.t.

,

'thd^ti takafFala. distributed, be, v.p. X^ o o o o '

district,

s.

'

(gen.)

hlC agar

(-gar).

(administrative) disturb,

h'lWai annauwata

v.t.

disturbance,

A

1H^

gfzS-t (§ 8).

(-wwt-).

V<»-T nawiit (naut).

s.

disturbance occurred:

ifl>«T!f'V*^K

naut o •

tao

nassa.

He

raised a disturbance

:

'lah^fshzdln naut adar•^ o o •

raara.

disturbed, be, v.p. ditch,

tanauwata

(-wwt-).

fl^ b^Si.

s.

7-j^fl

giidba (-dya).

odIiT

masn^o. o

d^flti

dive,

i^'i'flim

v.i.

fasas.

mA^

o

o

tallaqa.

(be divided, v.p.) 'thd^ii takaffala.

divide,

v.i.

divide,

v.t. h<J.A

Divide

it

kaffala.

into three parts: hiCAaMfl^ft^K kffa-

lau vas^ost. o o division,

s.

(act of) ew^lA*^ makfal. (part)

*b^

»l¥A kmi.

divorce,

s.

divorce,

v.t.
ficc.

divorced, be, v.p. 'td,:^'^ tafdttac (-cc do,

v.t.

§ 6).

hfidl adarrao^a.

What

are you doing? 5^"}:;^^C^AUK

gdllilh?, pi. -pfi'l'O'i'

-gallaccyuh?

min

tadar-

:

:

DOC—DON

83

Don't do so: h;^/tC*7« attadrig, Don't do anything to him

mfnimm o o That

will

This

is

^fl;^

:

done

dlq^o

A

-rigullat. 0~ O

yiyaqal.

:•.

J&U.-^A*:h^^AK yih

with, isn't it?

656) didal (§7f/)?

(§

done with:

It is

-Cbti^a

-^

do

-rigu.

i^'}J^.•^^;^JtC^A^K

(it):

attadrio^illat, pi. o~o o

-Chs

pi.

^'fl4»:f:A« dyqitoal,

or hA^i^A::

alqoal.

(emphasizing a verb)

[?i]lfi

(i)kk''6 (tik-), usually

enclitic

Do doctor,

wait

*fe^Vi k

:

qwwikk'' 6.

hakf m § 8). balamadhdn^it (-dahnit

Utu9" hakim {-im

s.

(Miaoj^'^Y^^

;

§

7d).

(Dift wwg-^essa (Gall.),

dog,

s. (D'fi

wtissa

(''lis-).

Wild dog (Lycaoti dog, interj. to call dollar,

-flC

s.

birr

^>/c^?^5)

52a,

tdkwiila

-J'W-A

biicci

a, fl-^sfl'-Tf'

(§ 8, §

:

52«,

8).

yucc!

8).

One Two

dollar: Mf^'-'HC-- andi virr.

Ten

dollars: h^'C'-'HC'- assfr virr. o o

dollars:

(§

U-A'*l*s'flC:

hulattio virr. o •

•

How many •/

dom

virr? dollars? A'>^-"flCs sinti o o o •

(>^J, bifurcating palm),

done, be,

donkey, don't

v. p.

s.

s.

'^^C

cffdr

(§ 8, §

52a, 8).

i"^
h\}^ ahiy(y)a.

— rendered initial

^-

by substituting y(i)-

of the jussive

M(§

att(i)-

for the

27)

Let him go: ^rlujt« y^^\^> pk -^'' -du. Don't go: h^tK^v^ attihid, pi. -S-« -du. Let him come f,T*"\ » yimta, pi. -nv s -tu. Don't come: ^^^^s: attfmta, pi. -fli«« -tu. Q—2 :

DOO—DOW

84

Let him do

it

:

f^ClOh k yddrigau (yargau

pi. -'b^v. -gut.

Don't do

§

7d),

^

^i;^^C^a^•K attadrigau (attdrgau),

it:

pi. -"h^:: -gut.

door,

mazgya

ao'YlX^

s.

(mS,z-).

fil^ sanqa.

^E- dajj (dajj). Shut the door: fi'i^Oh'i'.'llpahi: sdnqaun zfgau.

_

He

not to leave the door open: ao'UX^ah'is

is

h¥^s^^i'fl>-5:

mazgyaun

Open the door for him door-keeper,

:

kift aitau.

Yid^^ii^n kifatillat.

fl^? barranna (-ran-).

s.

h^hje. kalkai {-dyy

doorway,

_

s.

ffA^ ddjjdf

6

;

§ 8).

(§ 8).

double, adj. l^A^ hiilatt (of

§

(-latt).

consonant in pronunciation)

T'fl4*

tibq

(tiyq).

doubt,

v.i.

&

doubted, be,

t.

aidmiH tarattara (tarattara).

v.p. i"fli
doubtful, adj. (D'^af*^ wuliwwul.

doubtless (no doubt), adv.

dough, dove,

s.

fl'lf

(wild)

nkwan.

rfgib

(frg-, -iy).

biih^o.

(domestic)

s.

'h'i\\'i

[?i]C*7'fl

*PA^ walya.

down, adv. (below) j**^ tac. n;!-^ batac

(§ 8).

They are down there: hH,^

••

fl;^^

••

Wfl^ b kazzyd

vatdc ndccau. o o •

down,

s.

(rising

ground) ">^

g^'dra.

down, come (go), v.i. ai
DOW— DRI

85

The

price will

come down

*P^ JiAA A ••

:

:••

wdga

yi-

lallal.

downhill, adv. 4»^A«I>^A^ qwtilqwtilat

down-stream, adv. i^Ct^ farasaiina

downwards, adv.

§ 8).

(§ 8).

M^^^ anqaLafFa.

v.i.

draw,

;

(-saii-).

^M^^ qwtilqwiil. flJft;^^ wcodatdc

doze,

(-lat

&

v.i.

t.

(pull) Ofl

sdba

(portray)

^A

(sdya).

sdla

^A

(conjug. like

to

cough).

massala (type B,

<w>rtA

(water)

drawer,

35).

qadda.

*f*^

(of table, desk, etc.) f\*^l sdtin.

s.

drawers,

§

(garment) fr^

s.

siirri.

(woman's) AflAfl libbalba drawing,

(picture) ftA

s.

drawn, be,

(-lya).

^sil.

tasdba

v.p. (pulled) 'I'^fl

(tils-,

-dya).

(of water) ^r^^x taqadda.

dream,

ZhAjr'

s.

drench,

v.t.

s.

dress,

v.t.

ilm).

^nAfli) abasabbasa (ava-).

drenched, be dress,

hilm (?iAi^

(get), v.p. Art Art

basabbasa.

A-flA libs (liys).

^lAHA alabbasa. o o o

dress (another) well,

v.t.

^ifilm asg-^eta.

dress (oneself, be (get) dressed),

Wait

till

I'm dressed:

*feji

••

v.i.

AHA

labbasa.

hA'll'A'flA «

qwwyy

lavs. o

•

dress (oneself) well, drill,

s.

(mil.)

drill, v.i.

AA
(be drilled,

drill, v.t. h(iti&.

v.i.

Y\%(^ ag^eta.

salf (salf ). v.p.) +rtA<<. tasallafa (tasal-).

assallafa (sal).

isti-

DRI— DRO drink,

86

(something to)
s.

Are the drinks hdr drink,

v.i.

::

&

When

in the water-jar? <wJrtirn^:i-^ft<5.:

allu tansira matatt^oc o o o o •

•

tatta.

did he

drink, give to,

v.t.

?

•

m^

t.

(-att § 6).

ao^'mm^ mac^e

drink?

(it)

hm^

tatta?

atatta.

(infants) pi" gdta.

drinking-place, drip,

Vmfl ndttaba

v.i.

& t. Let him

drive,

<w»m<^ matacca.

s.

v.i.

(nat-, -aya).

nadda.

V-^

drive the mules: n4'A"^ sJi'J'^ « baql^oc

yinda.

drive

away

(out),

v.t.

ho)^ awwtta

(auw-).

driven, be, v.p. i'^H tanadda.

drop,

s.

(liquid) VT-fl natib

(-iy).

One drop is enough K^J^ :

••

VT-fl

••

J^fl^As and natiy

yiyaqal.

drop,

v.i.

(be dropped,

i^m^ drop,

drop

v.t.

wwddaqa.

v.p.) iDft*l*

tatdla.

"I A tala.

off (down),

v.i.

dubb

•^'flshA

dla

(s.v.

VflA,

§

44a).

(of more ^-fl

:

VHA,

drown,

v.i.

(be drowned,

than one person or obj ect) ^-fl h^ dubbidiibb dla (s.v. !

§

44a).

v.p.) flio-ysT't'

bawiiha (bauha)

m'^ota o fl^y:^iTA*^:*^*'^ wtiha a tilq^ot m'^ota. •o o -1

drown,

v.t.

haxti^ atallaqa.

Drown drowsiness,

it s.

:

hT^^Ohn

atilqau.

?i'>*A

(§

7d,

§ 8).

DRU— DUR

87

drum,

h(\G kabar^o (kav-,

s.

-ar-).

(big) *ip£,^ nagarit.

Beat the drum drunk, be,

drunk

hfl(^sJ^;^K kavar'^o mlta. o o o

:

•

v.p. 'hm^'l tatatta.

(intoxicated), be,

drunkard,

rt*lC

s.

drunkenness,

v.i.

sakkdr

sakkara

(-kar-).

(§ 8).

fthC sikar

s.

rth
(§ 8).

dry, adj. ^^^^ daraq.

(of climate) JE^C4» dirq

(§

(of weather) "ll^ bfrra

(

Dry season dry,

v.t.

).

^^'f' darraqa.

v.i.

Let dry,

„

baga [Jan. Feb. & Mar.],

fl^

:

576).

it

dry: ^Jt^^^"* yfdraq,

-*•.*.

pi.

-qu.

hf^O^ adarracja.

Dry

^J^C+ahk adruiau,

it:

dry, spread out to,

Spread

it

v.t.

pi.

-*^:: -qut.

hrt"! asatta.

out to dry:

^lft^fl^:: tistau, pi. -nv-^a

-tut.

dry up,

When dryness,

duck,

s.

s.

ground after

(weather,

v.i.

dla

tafaflf it

(s.v.

dries

VflA,

up:

44a).

ni<{.*h!rt.A«* tafaffi (§ 7rZ) sil.

J^C4» dirq.

S. -HP. ziyye (§ 52a, S).

G. h^'>1- kayint

dug

S

rain) aii^^-'Yxh

(§

52a,

8).

(up), be, v.p. i'i^d.^ taqwwfFara (far-). +V>,'i'

takwata. O O

duiker (Cephalophits abessmicns),

dumb,

adj.

^^

during, prp.

fl-

ba-

h- ka-^

9°^^ midaqqwa.

s.

dfida.

ta-

P- [n-].

(§

47a).

(

( .

.

:

„

).

„

).

^H. ya- (ba-)

.

.

.

giz^'e (§ 476).

DUS—EAC

88

During the rains: fWld^^- bakirdmt (§ 8). During the night i'A.A.^s talyelit. During breakfast: flfl-'Js'feCfts'l.H.-' bayiinn qurs :

gfz^e.

dust,

(raised

s.

by wind)

hV^ awdrra.

(minute, accumulated) "htU^ tibbya. duster,

dwarf,

s.

aoT/il,^ matragj^a.

s. J^r'JVl

dink,

dye,

+A9° qalam. The dye will not come out: +A1^!^J&A^9"« qalam

dye,

v.t.

s.

ailaqqim. ^lioD qallama.

dyed, be,

taqallama.

v.p. 't^iioD

E §

refers to the

each, dist. pron.

paragraphs of the Grammar {Initia Amharica, Part I). ?if- ...-u, iyya-

...

-u

(§

18)

replaced by the pers.

and

after

ht^Trf!:

See

§

numerals

andand

(§

is

;

-u

suff.

may be (§

126),

dropped.

18, § 8).

83a.

Give them a dollar each: M^'Jjt.-nC.ft'ni^iD-K anddndi (S 7d) virr sitdccau. Give a little to each of the horses: Amfl^K iyyafarasu tiqit sftau.

Put some

each box: nf^TV"*^iJtC*7s bayya-

in

sdtinu arg

?if<(.^fr:T*fe1'»

(§

Pay each man

7d).

himself: Yi^'i'l-OhiM^fi^iD'a kifa-

idccau layyarasdccau.

EAC—EAR

89

They are

a dollar each: nVhA!?iYl«As

(cost) half

"flC: Wfl>-» bakkul ukkiil

Ten

(§

8) yirr

ndccau.

at half a "dollar each: Ai/^C.-nfVhA.-KVbA:

•flC

yayyakkul

assir

!

iikkiil virr.

one doHar each: h/^C n^'J^'^j?: -nc yayyandandi yirr. Ten at two dollars each: h^C^.a^O'^^•'nC:

Ten

:

at

:

yayyahulatti

Two

n^i^C

:

-flC

:

hiilatt

o

•

each other, reciprocal pron. hCfi bars-

assir

virr.

>/

.

assir

yirr.

at ten dollars each: u-A-lh :

vayyassfr o o»'

:

-

flCft- frsa

[KCft

•*

with the plural pers.

(va-, -iirs-, § 19)

irs]

sufF.

(fl2&)."'

They

bite each other

:

JiCrt

•

nc^T

fl>-

•-

p^Mt)r «

Irsa

yinnakkasallu. varsdccau O O o *'

•

eager, be,

v.i.

i"^*^ tasamnia (tas).

(for, v.t.)

AiT*^

am" ora.

eagle,

s.

ear,

'^-G j^^or'^o (§ 52a, y).

s.

early, adv. rp,^ twdt. 'n^i^

malada

(§ 8).

n'^A^ bamdlada If

we

start early

?l'}^Cftn;^A'}

!••

(§ 8).

we shall reach it *^ A^ 'fl^rh.Jt mdlada vinnihad, innidarsibba••

-

:

tdllan.

early, rise (do anything),

Come I

early: <^AftU !«?:•.

shall start

nassdllau^

He earn, '

v.t.

earring,

is

to

*^Aft mdllada.

maldah na

(§ 8).

early: <^AJ^s?»**^A'>^k mdlijj^e in-

(§ "id).

go early: *^AA^!j&rluJt« mdld^o

hi'dd, atarrafa o o o s.

v.i.

(-tar-). z \

7*1"^ gwuticca

(§

52a,

8).

yihid.

?

V

EAR— EDI earth,

90

<w»^^ market

(soil)

s.

h^C

(loose)

afar

(§ 8).

(-far).

(world) 'i^9° dlam.

What on ^—

earth

is it?

{^^••<wi^fi:ifl>-s

min masai o o o

nau? earthenware,

ffhA sakla

s.

(sak-).

mannaqdnaq. earthquake occurred: J^^Csf'V^i+K mdir

earthquake,

An

s.

<w»i^i4»

ta-

naqannaqa. s. Ml kukk.

ear-wax, ease,

s.

"hCdJV frfat

east,

s.

J^/*'^* misraq

Easter,»

s.

(-fat). (§ 8).

^I'Hh, tinsai. o o A'iiM fdsika.

easy, adj.

9"^ miccu. 4*7 qin.

eat,

&

HA balla. Something to eat 'fl A Give him (it) something

v.i.

t.

:

pi.

-A-^K

eat greedily,

mavil.

•

to eat:

Ai'flAflJ-

k dylau,

-lut.

v.t. T^^lrt

gwwrrasa.

eaten, be, v.p. 'MIA taballa (taya-).

ebony {Dalbergia melanoxylon, Broun, Cat.

158),

nn, z^obbi.

economise,

v.i.

eddy,

s.

h^d

edge,

s.

"SC dar.

(-ay a).

azwdri.

S^rac dimbar

(-bar).

«^*P caf (of plateau, of precipice) Y\A-^ dfaf edible, adj. f'TinA yiimmibballa

(§ 14,

§

(§ 8).

63c).

Is it edible? Aiwi'flAs^^flAK lamdyil yirayal

s.

.

EDU— EIT

91

educate, egg,

v.t.

M^l

asacldaga.

?i^4»^AA (i)nqwdlal

s.

Boiled eggs

Fried eggs

:

{§ 8,

:

52a,

§

4'4'A ?t^4»^A ••

A

T-flA : 'h'Tr^'i^

S).

qjqqil inqwulal.

••

tiys inqwiilal.

••

Poached eggs: ^A4»C^^ f l-'I'+A

:

:

qfrfit

f ^4>^A A 4*C¥^ yilnqwuldl

s.

Egypt,

9^ilC mfssir.

'•

Egyptian, adj. f 5^ftC yamfssir

Egyptian,

eh?

interj.

(

yala-

= Avhat did you

(after

a phrase)

qirfit.

(s.v. P-, §

f9"AC••rtfl^ yiimissfr

s.

A«

yataqaqqala nqwtilal.

eggshell, s.

?t'}*f»^A

47«,

§

8) sau,

(§

say?) V^Trth^Vi'.

-fliji

70).

-wai "

(-wwi

?

;

min

alh?

-o^ -wi

;

§ G,

§ 8)-

-K-S? This

is

yih

He

(§6, §8).

finished (done with), eh? je,U!f«A*:,eAfli/8,::

alq'^'o yjilltiuwi

?

wants money, eh?

gdnzay

linilif^d.^p/ir^'.'.

yifalligallwi oO o o o *'

You'll tell

me

if

you

go,

eh? '(\^ih.f:^^^^^M^^

bitthad tiliinnallahd ? o o eight, card.

num. (19^1^ sfmmint.

eighteen, card. O '

eighty, card.

either

...

num. h/^^

num.

or, conj.

'•

asrd sfmmint.

tl9**'i^

samanya.

ii^^'i^

flij& ••...••

(D^ wai

.

.

.

wdi

(ww'i

.

wdlm (mm waim (-mm) [wwim (-mm)

aij&lT'!

.

.

.

:flije,jr»

.

wwi).

.

6)

§

.

.

wwim

(-mm)].

Either pay the

money or return

the goods:

I'inOrlfsYliLtiahnD^i'h^ah'i'.aD^tli'. •

vun kffalau wwi fqaun

mallis.

tDf,''

wSio ganzao ~o

?

ELA—EMP

92

be (become),

elastic,

VOA,

T-l'^sJiA gwiitatt dla

v.i.

(s.v.

44a).

§

Is it elastic? T-h^.-j&AAK gwiitatt yflal

elbow,

YlCi kirn

s.

(§

52a,

y).

elephant (Elephas afrkanus),

Meusine multiflora gSda (§ 8). Eleiisine tocusso

s.

HlfJ zoh^on (H-

(Guidi, Vocab. p. 624),

(ib. p.

691),

H"}^^

zaii-

dagussa.

^"hfi

s.

s.

za-).

num. h^^^itht^ asrahand. 99^ fim.

eleven, card.

ember,

s.

embrace,

Md.

v.t.

aqqafa.

h^fiaom aqqwojlammata. embroider,

v.t.

mA
embroidered, adj.

embroidered, be, '

emerge,

cp.

s.,

TA^

57b)

§ o

iT-w-'il^^^ iij^usa

s.

tilf.

v.p. i'miid, tatallafa. ir •

o

o

o

fl)^ wwtta, from, h- ka- (f*- ta-

v.i.

emperor,

'

(-ery,

(§ 9f7)

;

nagast

47a).

§

(§

8)

;

abbr.

nfgus (§8); spoken of and addressed as also spoken of as ^'}ir^ janh^'Si (§ 8 § 536) 'J7-/*'

;

;

^fll.

at^e with his name.

dUe minilfk. A foreigner of high rank may address him thus byname: hm.:5'"3:AVl:: aUe minilfk. i't'h/**-' Present me to the Emperor (pol.) ^1'i'f ^K tanigiis yaggandfinuii. What does the Emperor say? :^'}lfje,:r'J:pAA-K lanh^^oi min yilallu? The Emperor Menilek:

^ifll.:1^5:A»J:

:

employ,

v.t.

hii^ assarra.

employment,

s.

i'*7flC

tagbar (-gya-;

Out of employment: fatt. o

empress,

,

s.

hi;"! (i)t^eg"'e.

§ 8).

i'ldd-d,^-- tagyara

(§ 96?)

•

EMP—ENG

93

empty,

adj. fl^ bdd^o. enamelled ware, s. ^i.U tanika. encamp, v.i. fld^d saffara (-far-).

When we

get out of the trees

we

tazaf

'l'HV^.ll'i(Dm'^h'ifl9/i^^'i'.l

will

(§

encamp:

52«, 8)

sinn-

wojta innsafrallan. o o

encampment,

ChU rfgiiz (§ 8). hd-H frgiiz (§ 8).

enceinte, adj.

enclosure,

end,

rt
s.

(for cattle) (\d^

s.

barat (barat).

(completion) aDSEL^fi macarrasa

s.

(-car-).

(conclusion) *^A*fe^ malaqya.

(extremity)

^C

end,

v.i.

^iA4' jillacja.

end,

v.t.

£CL^A cdrrasa

endure,

enemy,

v.t. s.

(personal)

v.t.

mA^

war) mfl^

^md (for

I (will)

(car-),

,^A cdla. o

(in

engage,

dar.

taldt

(§ 8).

tabaiiiia (tayafi-

;

§

52a,

8).

(jattara (-tar-).

another)

engage you:

Engage a servant

h^nxd aqqattara

(tara).

?i*f*T^yAii' » hiatriihallau''.

for

me:

A*'A.:+T^i;:^*7flA^::

r^Ol^e qatnih agyallin.

engaged, be,

v.p.

How much

i'+m^ taqdttara is

he (can he be

(-tiir-). §

63c)

engaged at?

fc+m^A basint yiqqattiiral ? How much are (were) you engaged at? (iill^

•

:••

flA'J^s

i'+T/iyAK basfnt taqatriihal? O O O Ao engineer,

England,

s. s.

<w>ii'}j^A

mahandis.

Vtlli/n'-hlC yiingliz agar (-gar

KiX^'ni^

(i)ngiltarra.

;

s.v. f-, § 70).

:

ENG— ENT It

is

94

made

England: -t'i'lli/li'hlC-^ti^^a tan-

in

dgar yibbajjal.

gliz

English, adj. f 'J*7A.'H yangllz

Englishman, engrave,

engraving, enjoy, I

v.t.

hllii/n

s.

AA

s.

s.v. f-, §

;

47a,

§ 70).

(l)ngliz (§ 8).

^A

(portray)

v.t.

8

(§

sdla (conjug. like

^A to cough),

sil.

h*ndah amdrau (impers.

§

43«

§

;

6Sd,

e).

enjoy eating this: ^V'0D'n^'.^9°d.^^ti

(shall)

yihe mavil y^mrannal. enlarge,

(increase) GS^tm^

v.t.

cammara

(-mar-).

(widen) ^rt4« asalFa. enlarged, be,

v.p.

enough,

&

(increased) +6Ei.<w»^

(widened) A4-

S

adj.

14

adv. f^fl:^

tacammara (-mar-).

safifa.

yammibaqa

(h*^- (i)mmi-

-iva-).

;

enough, adv.

— often omitted

This (that)

not strong enough: ^U-"flC'tJ^!

is

?»feA^AK vfhe virtiimm aidal.

enough, be,

v.i.

fl^

baqqa

(baq-).

enough: ^li!^n.^AK ylhe yiyaqal. The fence is not high enough: ^T^- hCTf rmi^

That

is

••

s

h^(\^9°a dtiru Is it

enough

(S

555) irzfmatu aivaqam.

you?

for

Jiflj^yA:-.

J&n^F^AK yiydqa^l?, yiyaqdccyuhal

enough, have, I

v.i.

v.i.

&

& t.

t.

7fl

.

.

you,

pi.)

^S-nj^^AA-.:

(§ 7d).

(of food, etc.) mlfl

have had enough:

enquire, enter,

v.i.

?

(.

yiyaqahal?, pol.

taggaba (aya).

m*7'fl^Au-:: tagibbyallau'\

mf*l* tayyacja (-yaq-).

g^bba

enter, cause or allow

h- [i*-] ka- (ta-

to, v.t. hftlfl

;

§

47a).

asgabba.

i

;

ENT— ESC

95 entrails,

Iff^

s.

••

h^

h'^^Odiqa.

d.Ch fars

(fars).

s.

(way

envelope,

s.

h9°(i/t"\l

envelope,

v.t.

entrance,

in)

emld,^ magbya

(-gyy-).

ambol^'ok.

^H ydza

(§

44c).

m*Ptili taqallala. o o v.p.

^o

o

•

enveloped, be,

+^H

taydza (taia).

"i'm^'tiii tataciallala.

0*0^0 o o envious, adj. *f*Vi'? qannatanna (-tan-). environs,

envoy, envy,

ziirya.

malaktaiina (-Ah-

/wjAyii'*^

s.

s.

H*C^

s.

^'t^ qindt

epiglottis,

epilepsy,

s.

s.

Wi^C

•*h*7<5^

-lik-, -tan-).

8).

(^^

jinqtir (§ 8).

tigrida.

equal, adj. 'I'hVlA tikikkil.

equal,

^ihA ;ikkala.

v.i.

equal, be, equalize, •

equerry,

v.i.

v.t.

+hhA

takakkala.

^ft'^^lhA astakakkala. o

o

s.

liciamakwds

(iA'c^'^ll

o

(liq-,

Eragrostis abessinica (Scbweinfurth), err,

v.i. fii*

-qum-, -kds). s.

fli'h t^ef.

sdta. o

error,

s.

ftl*^ sftat (-tat).

Erijthrina tomentosa (Broun, Cat. 147),

s.

^^

qwdra.

S. tic?-

k- ore.

D. IfCl- h^^orc. escape,

v.i.

mi-

tdffa.

If a prisoner escapes fl,m4--'

escape, allow

escape from,

^^'HAU to, v.t. v.t.

::

you

will

be punished

:

htld^s

vitdfa tinqattdllah. asrdnna oAAo'••O O

hliat^ aswwtta.

(a person) im4* nattaqa (nat-). (a place) toil • h§

47a).

wwtta ka-

(i*-

ta-

ESC— EVE

96

escort,

s. ?f

^;^ sannltta

escort,

v.t.

?fT sailna

escorted, be, v.p.

&

Ethiopic, adj.

i^ff

s.

(san-).

(sail-).

T

tasanna

(tasan-).

•7^11 giiz.

euphorbia {E. ahessinica, Broun, Cat.

508),

s.

*I»^A$A

qwiilqwal (§8).

European,

^^if: faranj

s.

(faranj

§ 8).

;

^VllnA tikfkkil. even, adj. " o o o '

even, adv. ^*7T*

fX -9"

dagm^o

damm^o

-m*'(-mm

(dag-).

(dam-). 6

§

;

§§

48&, 37e).

Fly? Why, they can't even stand up! "KV^^ aD'(\dCih^'iu>*9°inkwdn mavrar ainnassum! •^ o o o o *

^

even, be, '

v.i.

'

even, make,

i'hhA takakkala. o o o v.t.

^

'^^ mdta. Towards evening

evening,

s.

Good

atf!^'^^

:

wwdamdta.

s

evening! (on meeting) hl^^'- hero's Vn nd^'et

amassah?, (§

,

hhi'hhti astakakkala. o o o

7d) (on leaving, dismissing,

s.v.

;

etc.,

= good-night,

night),

evening, become, evening, pass the,

v.i.

massa.

aoTi

v.i.

ever, adv. (see always)

heroTi

amassa.

—

katt^o

h-f-

(s.v. il-fi')

(bi-

ever

;

§

is it? ?"'> rwi/ift * ••

8) :

Van

numerals s.v. all,

:••

each.

is

(§

38).

min masdi nau? o o o o.

(§

12h,

iyyii-... -u (§ 18); -u

placed by the pers.

bih'^dn

with neg. verb

every, adj. ^^A- hull- with pers. suff. ?if-...-u

with neg.

minimm o o

9^19^ •M'l'-

What

-sdccyuh?

pi. -'^f^l^K

pol. -Tf-K -su?,

§

16).

may be

suff. (§ 126),

dropped.

and

re-

after

EVE—EXC

97 everything, pron. ihA-?" hiillum

(-mm

s. 9°MlC mislkkir. o o o you have any evidence, give

§

6

;

16).

§

evidence, '

If

^MlC-'h'i^liVi

indallah, sitau. misikkir o> O o o o o

tianD'i'

'

evidence, give,

aDC^hd masdkkara (-kar-), for, A-

v.i.

against,

fwuq

(f'^uq).

ti(y)iyyu.

^f*^

tauvvaqa (-wwq-).

;^ID*^

v.i.

la-,

ba-, (§ 47a).

fl-

evident, adj. hai,^

evident, be,

it;

;^f tayyit. It is evident to us evil, adj.

/i;^f 'I'A » yittdyyannal.

:

hf^ kffu

(kiifu,

kdfu

k|kt

(kdf-,

kdf-

yi^-l-

evil,

s.

ewe,

s. fl*7

;

§

7d).

§ 8).

bag.

exact, adj. (ly, adv.) fl^h bdlikk

{§ 8).

exalted, adj. hfhC kfbur (-iyu),

examine,

v.t.

Aif ayyii.

aodtm^ mardmmara (mardmmara).

examined, be,

v.p. ;I"P tdyyii.

i'tro^aod

tamardramara (mardmmao o o o o o ^

ra).

excavate,

qwwffara

v.t. *fe^/i

\\i'

excavated, be,

kwdta. o i^^d.^ taqwoJffara

v.p.

i'\\'i'

exceed,

v.t.

^^CT

kdm

;

S

47a).

mdlkdm

pi.

also 0ofiihh9^ malka-

(§ 8).

tiiru.

dinq.

J^T-^*

It is excellent (ll)

('t- ta-

mirt.

aDfiih9^

T<-

(-far-).

takwdta. o o

flAm bdllata h- ka-

excellent, adj.

AM. GR.

(-far-).

:

» ais^orannim. hfc7^J^ * o~o o o 7

; :

EXC— EXE

98

except, prp. h-

.

.

.

rt«4»C

••

fl+C ka-

(i"- ta-).

siqar (siq-

;

.

.

4»^

s.v.

baqar 42&

§

(ya-

;

§

47 ft).

follows its

;

word).

All except so-and-so: '^^A»!n*l*C!|^A•!

qar

or

hiillu,

Take out

all

vd-

tao^alJ'e

igal^e siqar hiillu.

?l'IA.srt,*l'C••l^A•••

the furniture except the table

h^fl;^a^ fl+C : v-i^'i ••

••

vah^ ihahmahn kaffavatau oO o •

o

•

o

qar hullun fqa autau.

Let them

all

ihA'sftrh.-'J-H

go except one: hl^-'Aah'-MCi and sau siqar hiillu yfhidu.

A(D-T laut.

exchange,

s.

exchange,

v.t.

tiatm lauwata, for,

fl-

ba- (ya-

;

§

47a).

Exchange it: i\ahmahv, lauwutau, pi. -m-^K -tut. Will he exchange the horse for a mule? d^dth"}: flfl4»A":ftAii>-^AK yilauwiital? farasun bavaql'^o r''OO OO O'O-"^ •

O'

exchanored, be,'IT v.p. i'tiiom talauwata, o"o OO §

for,'

fl-

(vabao^'o'

47a).

Can the mule be exchanged fl
for a horse? fl4»A"<»-s

vafaras yillauwatal? baql'^ou •OOO*'0o o-*^ O"

(§63c).

excommunicate,

'

v.t.

^H'^ gazzata. ~O o o

'^^H'^ ta^azzata. excommunicated, be, v.p. r^ o~ o o o excommunication, s. IH^ gfzzit. excrement, s. (animal) i-l^^ fandiyya. (human) hC ar. excuse, s. (reason) f^W^^ mlknyat (§ 8). '

'

excuse,

v.t.

J&4»C * AiA : A- yiqir dla

(s.v.

n/AA,

§

44a)

la-

(§47«).

Excuse me: execute,

v.t.

(pol.)

J&4*Cs^flA'A^K yfqir

yfyalullifi.

(put to death) fJifSi dabaddaba (daydd-

dava, -vad-).

EXE— EXT

99 executed, be,

tadabaddaba (avaddava,

'^^fl^fl

v.p.

-yad-).

executed, cause or allow to be,

v.t.

^ift^fl^fl

asdabado o

".

(-avaddava, daba O'O O O^O'O

executioner,

exhaust, exist, v.i.

s. ^•fl-^fl.

v.t. (tire)

h^

h^hoD adakkama.

taofdiina.

o~o

hA"

It exists:

alia, pi.

At/V-K dllu.

does not exist: f AJ^k

It

existence,

expect so:

expense,

'^fl^'**i

yih^'onal.

l&lf'i'A::

(mil.) iiaoli'

s.

(§ 8).

mauca.

tdbbacja.

v.t. flifl*!'

expedition,

yalliim, pi. f A*J^k yallum.

(presence) <w>TC man'^'or

s.

(way out)

s.

expect, I

•

dabdabi (dayddyi).

alia (§§ 32, 39).

i'lY

exit,

-vad-). '

zamaca.

'Pp wfiga.

s.

They must do it at their own expense ^^CT-^K baganzaydccau yadrigut. expensive, adj. explain,

v.i.

&

t.

Oh^

:

flT^Hfl^OHs

wiidd.

A.^' fatta.

Please explain this to me:

f,\)'i'ii*^:9'fii^i:

yihan-

niin fltallin, pol. je-Un-'^^P+A'-VK yihanniin yfftullifi. o

explanation,

explode,

v.i.

Look

s.

'P^

ficc.

(be exploded, v.p.)
(pi.)

out,

it is

going to explode: 'hm^+'fes

A.<J.W:Vai-K tatanqaqu, lifanaddd O'O-'-O-'-

explode (cause

to), v.t. AkC^-^

OO

nau (S 8). \0/ O

afanadda.

& t. AAA sallala (sal-). export, v.i. & t. ^AoiA^ aswassada (-w<us-). extend, v.i. ^dA darrasa, to, htltl- iska- (§ 47a). explore,

v.i.

7—2

EXT— FAI extend,

100 (stretch) lldp zaragga (zar-).

v.t.

(widen) hii4- asdffa.

^a^'^ yawfcc Oh*^ wicc. o

exterior, adj. exterior,

s.

'

•

extinguish,

v.t.

•

hm^ ataffa.

Extinguish extinguished,

(§ 8).

it: h*?4^ahii dtfau, pi.

be, v.p.

m4-

-f-^B

-fut.

taffa.

extra, adj. '^'^6 cimmdri.

extract, eye,

v.t.

'J^T-

s.

h(D"\ awcJtta ain

52a,

(§

(aucJ-).

y).

Keep an eye on Jim

or he'll steal something:

jS•^'>:'^<w>Ah'^fl^.•^^'}^J&rtC4»::

jfmmin tamalka-

tau ndaisarq. eyebrow, eyelash,

^l^'H qfndib

(-iv

;

ffA^i.^ salafat (-fat

;

s. s.

7i4.7i¥1-°sifdsift o o

§

(\

52a, y). „

).

„ "

). /

P

fable,

s.

+^^ 9^fttk»

face,

paragraphs of the Ghrammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

refers to the

§

s.

^^

tarat. o

o

missdl^e. o

fit

(fit).

facetious, adj. flL^i'?

bwaltdnna

911? wazdiiiia fade,

v.i. ^
(-tan-).

(-zafi-).

darraqa.

faded, adj. f^dA* daraq. faint

(feel), v.i.

I

feel

fMootD'

faint

dakkamau (impers.

owing to the heat:

§

43a;

§ 63c?, e).

?ii:^1fl'r*?A.-

ftA*+^« in>e(§ 556) dakim^'^onnal silamiiqat.

FAI— FAR

101 Ohil wiib (wiiy).

fair, adj.

(of weather) -fl^ bfrra. faith,

y^^^T^ haiman^ot.

s.

wwddaqa. Take care he (it) doesn't

fall, v.i. ai^*l»

fall: htHj^^atf^^a ndai-

wwdiq, ...care they don't... (down),

fall off

dubb

•^'fl-'hA

v.i.

^-fl.-^.-n.-^A

VflA,

^

fl^?f

(coin) •7?"

gim.

object)

dubbidiibb dla

(s.v.

wfsiit (wiis-

;

(§ 8). §

57&).

fl^?f^ wfsJit (wiis-).

s.

n/OA,

have

cic

a, v.i.

family,

H<w»Jt

zdmad.

Z**-)^

sfg^oc (-CC

s.

far,

adv.

(off),

G) dla (s.v.

§ 6).

marraggabya

(-dyya).

margabgabya

(oneself, v.r.)

it

(§

[JiJ^-fl (i)rdb (-dy).

cicc

h^--aoh dfa niakka (mak-).

*^<Mfl,^

fan,

A

(§8) sau.

s.

famine,

••Ai

with a falsetto voice: *P'*P':p'r?.AsAaH«

yammil

Famaka, s.

*?•*?•

44a).

§

A man

far

44a).

false dollar: *79":'flCs jj^im birr,

falsetto voice,

Is

§

44a).

§

(of things)

falsehood,

s.

J(\^,

(s.v.

persons) ahS:^9^ wtisdtdm

false, adj. (of

fan,

dla

-qu.

more than one person or

(of

A

-*«

:

(-aygayya).

^^Ifl arraggaba

(-aya).

[JiJ^-^* (i)riiq.

far ? be,

?i4-4*

v.i.

How far

^^

is it

••

nau ?

VflH « iriiq

r^qa.

to the river? oi^fr.J^'J.-^UA.-J&C^A::

wwnzu min yahl

yirfqal

?

A

FAR— FAS

102

To be rather

far (off)

It is rather far (off)

h^^

s.

fl'dihli--

:

sabb ala

(s.v.

VflA,

44a).

§

fare,

:

kfrdi

'i'flsJiAAs*.

:

sabb

yflal.

(§ 8).

Let him travel at the fare they fixed: fla)rt>-^! h^^sj&rlv.JtK bauwssanut (§ 62c) kirdi yihid. farmer,

s.

Ifl^ gdbar^^e

(-ay-, -ar-).

farther (one), the, dem. pron. [f]iDj?:^^fl>- (ya)w(ydyan-

ndu (§8, §13a). Shut the farther one:

f(Dj?:^?m-'}j'H;iaH::

yawwd-

yanfidun zfgau.

^^^4-

fast, adj. (in action)

d,m^ Fast travelling O

fataft (fat-;

Ihlfi

:

qaltaffa.

:

-nn

§

6

;

§ 8).

aris" asa. Oq ^O

fast, adv. -f-A" t^^olo.

Very fast: Send him

pol.

dadut,

pi.

As

s

A^fti»- «

aqaltifah

sf-

h+AT^C^D-sj&A^-^^K

aqS,ltifau yfs-

M^Ti-'^iilfJi'^ii

aqaltifdccyuh

sfdadut.

fast as I

gave him money he got rid of

TJH'fl h^iiai'lt^ •'

iyyataffa

mjP

t^plo t^olo.

^«f» AT<J.O

fast:

dadau,

(§ 7c?)

.

-f-A^-'-f A"-*

(s,v.

'•

"h^mi-

•.••

ganzay iyyasattau^

(§

it

7d)

hf-).

t^^om.

fast,

s.

fast,

v.i.

(noD t^oma.

fast,

be

(act),

o

v.i.

i'timd. qalattafa. -f A-!hA

t^61o dla

(s.v.

^/0A,

The watch

is fast:

•

A^*

^

s

•

•

'f'j^^

sadtu qarmSal

(§ TrT).

fast,

cause to

fast,

cause to travel,

act, v.t.

Mtimd,

v.t.

44a).

^^^

'

k

§

aqaldttafa.

>i7A7A ag(g)asdggasa.

FAS— FAT

103 fast, travel,

v.i.

iftlii

Travel fast

7A*7ft k gasgis, pi. -A- k -su.

:

How many

days

fasten,

will

gdssrisah tidarsdllah

(be fastened,

v.i.

you take to get there ?

v.p.) ;^rt^

tassara

't"*feA
fasten,

hii^ dssara

v.t.

•fcA
Fasten

travel-

nAW.+^-lA*7rtU:^ftC^AU:: basfnti

ling fast?

qan

gasaggasa.

(-sar-).

taqwojllafa. ©A O

O

(-siir-).

qwwllafa. X o o

it: XA^Cid-k Isarau,

pl.-^I^K -rut,or

*feA
qwoillifau, pi. -^1".: -fut.

Fasten them: ?lA^^fl^K isardccau,

pi.

-rwdccau, or 'feA^-^iD-K qwwllifdccau,

pi.

-^^ahk -^^ah»

-:^dccau. o

i^l

fat, adj.

cdma.

oi'P^r ww'fram

Very

rdm

(§8).

fat

14-4- gafdfa.

:

s. A-fl

fat,

be (become), s.

also fli4-'h<5.r wwfufff-

sib (siv).

fat,

father,

(§ 8), pi.

v.i.

M^ abbat

Who

is

(D^^ wojffara

(far-).

(§ 8).

his father?

M'P'-l'ii'iah'.i

abbdtu

man

nau? o

What

is his

yisaral O O

»'

father?

?

The question 9"'iih(\'^:'.

s.

abbdtu min nau? or min abbdtu? is a term of abuse. o

hd'Ui^^'ii'iah-.i

h*^^ amat (§8). g:h9° dikam (§ 8). ^4-^ lifat (§ 8).

father-in-law, fatigue,

^n*:l^^:JiA^AK abbdtumin

s.

•^

FAV—FEE favour,

(kind action) hhA;*" wulata

s.

He

104

me

did

(pol.)

(-lat-; § 8).

a favour: a^A;^

A^

Ti^^i'h

s

wti-

r.

latd addrragullin.

favour,

v.t.

h^A

adalla (-dal-) A- la-

(§

47a).

Does he favour him ? ^^AAj^Ak

^^^ ffrat

fear,

s.

fear,

v.i.

&

t.

?

(§ 8).

fdrra

<{.^

feast (banquet),

yadalallatal

(far-),

IHC

s.

gfb(i)r (gfy-).

(-day, eccl.) flA bal.

feather,

s.

February,

Ann lab^oba Afl

Idba

s.v.

calendar.

(lay^'^ova, §

(idya,

§

52a,

feed, v.i (be fed, v.p.) 'taold

52a, y).

y).

tamaggaba

(-aya).

OAballa!

Has he feed,

v.t.

(it)

been fed?

aold maofsraba

flAjtA:: baltoal?

(-ava).

hn^ aballa (ava). Feed him (it) h-iifito* k :

Feed them: feel (oneself),

Do you

v.i.,

^'flA'FflJ-K

•

pol. ^'^'TsVPflij&K

pol. I feel feel, v.t.

(§

13&).

t^enah nahwwi?,

feel well? m.*70!VUfl)/2,K

Do you feel all right :.,

avldccau. o

use Van nau

pol. m.'S'fP.-VF'flJj&K

How

aylau.

do you

Mff^i

feel? :

VfP

::

?

tJ^ena^ naS)w5i ? ^'IV

••

VUflije,

-^rtrt

(§ 63c?).

dassasa.

(perceive) A*^ samnia

43a

(§

63^/, e).

tasdmmau

i'fi*l(D* §

dahna nahwS?,

dahna nd^wcJi? ?»^^9"7:VU:: ndamfn nah?, ndamfn na^ ?

better: l-TfA^s tasdlan

(handle)

k

(s.v. -iDj&).

;

§°63r/, e).

(tas-;

impers.

FEL— FES

105 I feel

it

j&rt*^?AK yissammannal.

:

h^ii^^9^ii aissdmmafiiiim.

I don't feel it:

Do you

feel it

prick you? fai;iU»/Z,rt*^yA:: ya-

wcJggah yissammahal?, pol. PlD;l?'.•^rt*^?';^AK

yawcJgga^o jissamma^'^otal ?

me

Let leo,

anbdssa (ambd-, anyd-,

h'i(lf^

s.

Felis pardus,

nabir

^•flC

s.

tasdmma

be, v.p. i-rt*^

female,

(na-, -yir).

&

s.

(§ 63r7, e).

persons and animals)

adj. (of

(of animals)

femur, fence,

'^t

s.

^TC

s.

cin

The space ^T<-

lam ferment, s.

:

(§

52a,

MH^ fnfst

rt.^"

s^et.

(§ 8).

y).

dtir.

(strong)

fern,

§ 7^/).

^^a\ qwwrrata.

fell, v.t.

felt,

liddssau.

A-^rtiiM*.

:

isamallau^ the cold: 'flCj^shrt'^Aih:: bird O O O o

I feel

Felts

feel it

Idl^ garagara.

within the fence

*7n, :

rtii.

:

hf^M^

::

is

not broad (enough):

ydtiru gfbbyi

saffi aidal-

(§ 7d).

v.i.

flh

b''6kka.

G. y^^hi^ j^'orasia.

S. tlttll sfnsin.

S. fA.^:J^Aft: yas>et

ferocious, be,

v.i.

mflas

(§ 8).

'h'HA tatalla. o •

Is it ferocious

?

^^AAk

yittallal?

ferried over, be, v.p. '^^^
s.

ooTildf massaggarya

ferry over, festival,

s.

v.t.

(-gar-).

Ml^ assaggara

(eccl.) flA bal.

(tas-, -gar-).

(-gar-).

FET— FIE fetch,

106

hoDft} amatta.

v.t.

aom matta with Fetch

him

^M

44c).

(§

^nUoht'^ti yizahdu na, f ^H7la>-:Vj&K

it:

yizasyii ndi, pi. Let**

ger. of

fetch

^H^U-^!>-k it:

yizaccihiit

^H^:^l^^«

f ^Hfl^.•^J'"«lK yfzau tjmta,

pi.

nu

yfz^^ot

(§ 8).

yfmta,

^Ha^^!Je.9"/n•K

yizaut yfmtu.

Go and (§

him

fetch

(it):

Huj^sh^'^flJ-:: hid antau

^d).

Fetch a pair

of boots

:

*^*^ --^nv

«?

•-

k

camma yizah

na.

What

(price) did it fetch? J^'}:^OA:hfli'»lK

min

yahl auwtta ? fetch and

carry,

fetch out,

v.t.

fetlock,

s.

-*i-

v.i.

ho)^

&

t.

hao^tifi ammalallasa.

awoj'tta (auoJ-).

*7A7A:fflf'? gilgal -k^'d-

fetlock -joint,

;

s.

§§ 8,

sah^dna

7d, 52a, y).

??f if? *^mii.^ ••

(§

52a,

yasah^ond

matafya

yatandgil

matafya

y).

fm*i'*7As*^fli<{.^ (§

fever,

s.

"J^Jt

nfdad

(sa>h-, -Ti- -x^6->

52a,

y).

(§ 8).

few, adj. (a, pron.) T*fe1" tfqit. h'ifi'i^

dndand

(§

8

;

§

16).

A few will do: T*fe^:^n^AK tiqit yiyaqal. A few mats: 'P«fe^.'^a>-/^^! tfqit daujj^oc. There are a few:

M-^'^J^.-hA::

Ficus carica (Broun, Cat. 533),

Ficus sycomorus (Broun, Cat. field,

s.

(cultivated) hCfi frsa. (of grass)

aoMl mask.

s.

anddnd

flAfI

533),

s.

alia.

b^las (balas). fli^fl

bamba.

FIE—FIN

107 field-glasses,

field-mouse,

^^^•-ao'i'VC

s.

tilliq

magwwt

h^ai'-aoT^'? ayita

s.

manattir. (ait-; § 96?; §8).

num. ^/^'^••^i^ft^ asrammist. h9^fi amsa. num. card.

fifteen, card. fifty,

fig

{Ficus sp.\

(edible) flAft balas (balas).

s.

^9^^ bamba.

(wild)

wdrka

fliCh

(wwr-,

?S'A s^^dla.

OhX

fight,

s.

fight,

v.i.

wtiggi.

-tpf^ti tagaddala.

+*Pp tawagga *P^Jt m^orad.

file, s.

*r»^^ m^drrada.

file, v.t. fill, v.i. '

(taua-).

&

t.

aofi

mdlla or o

TA

m^^dlla.

(a pipe) T^ao s''6ma.

The

river filled

atlll • #w»A

:

:••

wwnz

mdlla.

Fill it: 9"Aa^:•. milau, pi. -/V-^k -lut.

Don't

Fill it with Fill

h^rfioh.: attfmlau,

it:

fill

water

:

OhV a^fioh :

the pipe and give

tiai^i'

matdccaun o o •

filled, be, v.p.

it

to

siimjih

•

•

::

pi. -A-1-k -lut.

wiiha miilau.

me:

aoai'^ah'ii'ii'aDVt

sftiiii. o*

aD^ mdlla or 'PA m^^ dlla

(§ 63r/, e).

(of a pipe) i'T^ao tas^'Oma filter,

s.

*^T
filth, s. (filthy, adj. §

v.t.

57b)

(loathsome)

filthy, adj.

find,

(tas-).

hiy

h^^

}\^*h

sdyydf (m-

(it)?

;

§ 8).

hiyoohrn agdnfiahau?,

Ai7?^i>^K agaiindccihut

Find him nut.

td-

agdniia (-gan-).

Have you found him pi.

fd(i)f

(it):

?

h*iyahii dgifinau,

pi.

hlf-^a

dgifi-

FIN— FIR

108

&

auwaqa (-wwq-). Find out and let me know: hoh^V-htl^ah^^a

find out,

v.i.

hat*^

t.

autlqah astduuqan. fine, adj. (excellent) 9°fiii}9^

malkdkdm

malkam,

pi.

also iioAhhi^

(§ 8).

(small) ^'>7i tfnnis, pi. also ^'}'>7i tinfnnis.

powder)

(of

Alf'fl Ifzzib (iy).

(of weather) -fl^ bfrra. It is very fine (excellent): h^l^9°ii aiggannim. fine,

s.

hd.fi'^ afalama. o

i}^ kdsa.

You

will

have to pay a

afalama O

^^i.A'^

fine:

••

^h^AAU k

tikaflallah. O

O

fine, v.i hfihd,ti askaff'ala. o

finger,

^^ tat (§

s.

finger-tip, finish,

v.i.

HC^

s.

o

o

52a, y).

zarf (zarf

(finished, be, v.p.)

;

§

5 2a, y).

hti^ allaqa. •fcEL^fl

tacarrasa (tacarrasa). o o o o o' \

•

The work

is

finished

:

finish, v.t. ea»dfl

carrasa (carrasa).

Finish

OkCt^OH:: carrisau,

I

am

it:

going to finish

•

ft^ihA^A-.-. sfra alqSal

pi.

-A«^k

-sut.

it: ?lfl^.Crt'PAl^K icarrisaudl-

lau^. o

fire,'

s.

M^

isat. o

(conflagration)

Light the Set fire, v.i.

fire:

fire to it:

&

t.

(gun)

Fire: i^M'tln

Don't

$^ qwdyya.

M'P'i'-h'i^^:: isatun dndid.

M1-:MjtJtn^« i'h°rt

isat

o

andidibbat. o O o

takkwwsa (tcJkkosa

§ 7c?).

t&j'kkwiis, pi. -A-k -su.

fire: h^i-H-tl:'- attitcJkkwus, pi. -A-u -su.

:

FIR— FLA

109 firebrand,

S. »l4.)S. kfffdi (§ 8).

s.

G. ^'J;^Vtfntdg

(gun) +'Mi»rt tatakkwwsa (-tcJkkosa

fired, be, v.p.

'^'>^3^

fireplace,

s.

firm, adj.

mlh^

first,

ord.

(§ 8).

num.

§ 7^?).

mandaja.

tankdrra.

<{.+? fitaniia

(fit-, -tan-).

ao%ao&^ majammarya (-mar-). On the first day of the month: f fli<- fl<w>J^#ni^^ +'>! yawwru yamajammaryd qan (§ 8). (initial)

••

firstborn, adj. ;^A4» tallaq fish,

^"^ asa

s.

(§

52«,

Abounding in Are there fish fish-hook,

s.

fishing-net, fissure,

s.

(§ 8).

S).

fish

dsam

*J"/9":

:

(§ 8).

in it? ^•^••?iA£»-:: dsa dllau? o

1^

marab

aoOii

s.

niq, pi.

(-ay).

1^^^ niqdqdt

(§ 8).

ft'}'p4» sfntiq. fist, s. fl-m, biitti (§ fit,

five,'

y).

T^ mfccu.

adj.

fit, v.i.

52a,

&

t.

card.

(be

fit, v.i.) -I'^id^

la- (§ 47a).

num. Y\9^h^ dmmist. o

(appoint)

fix, v.t.

tamacca (-mac-) A-

(settle) I will fix

4»fli
flirtV

a day:

qattara

(-tar-).

wwssana. *l»'}••^l4»T^Al^:•

qan iQatrallau^

fixed, be, v.p. (appointed) i'*f»m^ taqattara (-tar-).

As flag,

s.

(it)

was fixed: ?i'>^i'+m
^A*^ aldma.

0'}^^ band^era. flag-staff*, s.

flame,'

s.

iilfS^ sandaq.

VflAflA nabalbal (-avalva-). oo \o«o*' ^-flAflA nibilbal o o

(-ivilva-). \

o* o

•

/

FLA— FLO

110

The flame of this lamp

is

not good

'J'fl^flA-*^*7i^-'Ai^/^AK

daggimm flash,

v.i.

flask,

s.

didal

{§

^hhA

niyflyal

7d). (ayl-).

^*P^ rduwdt (i-OhV^ rauhdt;

flat, adj.

ftUUsuD'fl^^--

mayrdt

yazzih

ablacallaca

Ai'flAfia.AiXk

:

§ 8).

tikfkkil.

(of ground) *^^ m^eda. Ci'im santa. • o

flat,'

be,

'tUhli takakkala. o o o

v.i.

'

flat-iron,'

flat-nosed, adj. flatten,' flatter,

^¥^«]

(Pulex

t.

h'^fiaom aqqwculdmmata. (savassava). sabdssaba O^O'O o*o' O O O

irritans),

(from,

flee, v.i.

^

daftatta. o

&

?ffl?fn

flea

(-twk-). '

htli'hhti astakakkala. o o

v.t. v.i.

matakkwcJsa o o

aoi'hoTi

s.

s.

4^'}*^ qwunicca sassa

v.t.) lf?f

(§

52a,

8).

(sas-).

flexible, adj. AflA^ lasldssa.

flexible, ^

\

flexible, render, '

flexor

AAAA lasallasa. o o o o ^AAAA alasallasa. o o o o

be (become), /' '

v.t.

v.i.

muscle of thigh,

s.

Tf-A^ sullfda (-idd-

infested with, adj. llT^^r

flies,

n-Aj^ bul(l)dd

flint, s.

flock,

s.

s.

§

52a,

(§ 8).

:

^d^QiooTrps yayag manga,

>C^ gwwrf

floor,

s.

iw&T mar>et

flour,

s.

^*^

d^^5q>et

(§ 8). (§ 8).

Is it fine or coarse? VlVlsViD-sA'H'fl:: kiikki Ifzziv?

flourish, flow,

y).

(§ 8).

ao'ip manga.

A flock of sheep flood,

zlmbdm

;

v.t.

v.i. rfi.^

(brandish) hatHwtt auwwzduwwza.

hada

(ha-, h>e-, -da,

§

7d).

nau

FLO— FOO

Ill flower,

ababa (avava

hflfl

s.

flutter, v.L 'hClfllfl

{\CC barrara

fly-whisk, foal,

foam, fog,

s.

-ayaggaya).

(tar-,

s. TlJ'^'fl

zimb

(§

52a,

8).

(-rar-).

gflgal.

7»^4- arafa.

s.

s.

8).

*2?*^ cfra.

•7A1A

s.

52a,

targabaggaba

{Musca domestica),

fly, v.i.

^

hCldlfl aro^abao^gaba (avacrjyava).

flutter, v.t. fly

;

"M^ gum. t;i*7 tfgag

fold (up),

v.i.

fold (up),

v.t.

Fold follow,

v.i.

it

&

(§ 8).

(be folded (up),

v.p.)

^a\i.

tattafa.

Y\a\d. attafa.

(up): ?tni^
pi.

-^^k

-fut.

'^h'^A takattala. o o o o

t.

Follow him to his house: ^ri'MUIssl^h+AiO-K ^^ v^etu takattalau, o o o o •

food,

'flA

s.

mabil

(-^yi-).

Food and s.,

(has)

play the,

foolishness, foot,

s.

ready? ?i^j^^:+C(IAk njara qary6al?

drink:

foolish, adj.

He fool,

MC

-j4-).

madd.

Is the food

fool,

O

pi. -A-l*:-- -lut. *

?»->?> (i)nj>er§: [%^St:

ista-

O

s.

made v.i.

*^Jt*i'--
mdddinna matat. o o o •

•

T*^ m''onn. a fool of me

:

AiT*f ^ « am'^'dnnan.

*l»nm qabbata.

'P^W

m^'oiiiiinnat (-nat).

fg(i)r.

*^*^ camma. (of hoofed animals)

?f Ifi"

sah^dna

(swh-, -Ti-

-*i--k^^6-, §7f/; §8).

(of animals with claws) aof{^

See

§

52a,

y.

mddaf (§

8).

-^6-,

FOO— FOR He

112

on foot:

to go

is

bagru

fl*74-:j&VLj^::

ylhid,

(\*l^^ahs^*L^ii bagrdccau yihidu.

pi.

Did you come on tah?,

foot? fl*7CU!'nOK bagrih mdt-

bagrdccyuh

n*7^^l^:<w»'^^l^•.•.

pi.

(§

Id)

mattaccyuh?

At the

foot of the hill: hi'^^sT'7-- katarard tigg

(§8, §47&).

foot-soldier,

s.

K*7^? igranna A-

for, prp. A- la-.

It is for

you

AW

:

For me: AJu lan^e

Whom is it for forage,

s.

47a).

l(i)- (§ ••

?

Id.^ gl^^ra

(-ran-, § 52a, 8).

V(D-

^ lanta nau.

•••.

(Ian-;

§ 8).

A*^"} 'HD* a ••

(-far-

nau ? laman o o

§ 8).

;

(grain) T<2. tfr^e. (-s,

cp.

§52a): f^^A:1iC^:

See n/AA (§ 44a). The doctor has forbidden

me

to eat

Forage for the horse yafaras grafara. forbid,

v.t.

hAhA

kalakkala. o o o o

l**p ' h^'flA force,

s.

•

fi A"^

K

hakim sfga

meat

:

VtK9^s

attiyla dlun.

(strength) :5»j&A hail.

'nC;^^ birtdt

(§ 8).

(body of troops) rnC t^or.

By By

(physical) force

:

flrij&A: bahdil

force (compulsorily)

Don't use any force: tddrig (-tdrg

forced march,

s.

§ 7r/),

:

n*7j^!

n:?»^A••^i;^JtC*7:•.

(§ 8).

bahSl

at-

*7A7'i gisgdsa.

sasrjirasa. s.

bdgfdd

pi. -t'^ -gu.

forced march (es), cause to make,

ford,

(§ 8).

v.t.

Ai7A7A ag(g)a-

I

FOR— FOR

113 ford,

qwwrrata.

v.t. i!.d(n

We

forded

the

©"JH*") s 'fe^lTi

river:

:••

wwnzun

qwwrratna. forearm,

M,^

s.

kind.

mahal (mal) agada.

(vet.) *^Ufii''hl^

See

§

52a, y.

forehead,

s.

19^(\C gfmbdr

forenoon,

s.

^4-Jt raft ad (§8).

(§ 8).

In the forenoon: (speaking beforehand) 'MihAs

wwdih

+'>:ai-^U: takkiila (lan forest,

(-dih; §8).

ah-^'H wtidma.

s.

^•C dur. forget,

v.i.

&

t.

['h]^ft

Don't forget

it

:

(prassa.

MC^Oi".-- attfrsau.

have forgotten: h^fiihn

I

forgive,

&

v.i.

t.

irassa'^u (-sau''

§

7d).

'^^ mdra.

forgiven, be, v.p. i'^ld tamdra.

forgotten, be, fork,

form,

v.p.

'IVA tarassa

(tiir-).

yf-h siikka.

s.

s.

It's

<w>Ayi

malk.

bad form

:

'kd^C VdJ- :: naiir nau. ••

formerly, adv. diL^ baf it +J^'P'

(-f ft

§°8). ;

qadm^'o (qarm-

§

7d).

^C diir" o. fort, '

s.

?»Cjt "^ ird. o

He

(it) is

in the fort: nCj?:--fl>-ftT:VflH:: bard(§ 7a)

wtisti nau. •o

o

fortunate, adj. V-ii^T* fortune,

s.

habtdm

(good or bad)

(-ayt-, -aft- § 7cl', § 8).

?tJ?:A fddil.

(good) W-n-V habt (hayt, haft), forty, card. AM. GR.

num. hOi arba

(ll)

(-rya

;

§

20a). 8

;

FOE— FEE

114

forward, adv.

<{.^

fit

(fit).

(Df^^^ wwdafit (-fit found, be, v.p. 'MT taganna (-gail-).

i;

;

He

has not been found

(it)

§ 8).

h^'f"l'^9^

:

altagan-

:••

nam. Is

be) found? ji1?A« yiggannal?,

it (to

pi.

J&I^/Vk

yiofo:aiinallu?

found

tauwaqa

out, be, v.p, ;^a)4'

foundation,

(-wwq-).

#w»ip^^ masarat (-sarat

s.

;

5 8).

num. h^^ ardtt (§§ 8, 20a). fourteen, card. num. h^**^ih^^ asrdratt four, card.

fowl,

F-e d^or^^o

s.

Buy young

(§

52a,

fowls,

(§§ 8,

20a).

8).

not old ones: hC%'P'C''h^*in''

d^dr^o

;^'?T7i!^l'>%K ar^Og^e

attfgza,

tanannds

jnji.

France,

^^^^

s.

francolin,

fraud,

*4'

s.

fransa.

q^oq

(§

^*?d.^ qitfat

s.

52a,

S).

(-fat).

*T^'i' qitfmna. h-nti^ iblat

(fyl-, -lat).

(freed) ^CV^sffl)"] arrfnnat (-nat) yawwtta

free, adj.

(§14)-

^^ fatta.

free, v.t.

o

He was

a slave once, but now he

'i(\CihO''ishC'i^iiD^:'-

fit

is

free

:

vdrya nabbar, ahun

wwtta. arrinnat o

freeborn, adj. -cc

freedom, freeze,

French,

c|ua,

pi.

fia'P?'^

cauawoc (cauduoc

§ 6).

s.

v.i.

6H.
hCi^

arrfnnat

(become

solid)

(-niit).

[?»]
(i)ragga.

adj. f 'P^^'^ yiifransa.

f 'b^'}<^*C yiifransa wi. 8.V. f-, §§

47a, 70.

FRE— FRO

115

Frenchman,

^^'J^'E fransawi,

s.

fresh, adj. (new)

-P"^ -woe (-cc

pi.

§ 6).

h^ll addis.

(other) AfA lela.

^9°^r lamlam.

(of bread)

(of water) T<- tfru (tiiru).

no fresh news? h^(l:ai&s^li9°ii addis o

Is there

wwr^ e yallam

?

Bring some fresh bread:

lam

ti9^^r*•^H(i^^h9"^^.'.

dabb^^'o jlmta (anta

§

7d).

Pour the water out of that and put (»••/:

in fresh

^^^rtfl^TT<-.•a^y••^l/tC*7n1•::

affssau, tiiru wtiha adrigibbat (drg-

fresh

air,

s. 'J'f-ft

fresh air, get, ~

v.i.

'

Friday, friend,

s.

s.

hC-fl

fright,

s.

o

arb

¥4*C

s.

^/^'^

f fr*}!

yassiin wiiha §

7d;

s.v.

and),

i'^d.ft tanaffasa.

friendly, adj. (mil.)

friendship,

:

nifds (§8). o

o

(ary).

wwddj

fli^K"

lam-

(§ 8).

h*n^ dmdn

(-iiii §

G

;

-mtii

§ 7fl?; § 8).

f|(iir.

ffrat°(§'*8).

(sudden) j^T^m. dingdtye. frighten,

v.t.

hti^^' asfarra (far-).

Don't frighten him

h^l'tl^^ahi-. attasfdrrau,

(it):

pi. -<-^:: -rrut.

frightened, be,

v.i.

&

p.

<J.^-

farra

(far-).

flp sagga.

(suddenly) ^V7ni danaggata. fringe,

s.

HC^

zarf

(ziirf ).

frivolous, adj. (lAl^'f bwaltaiina

*PH? wazaniia frog,

s.

^l-Tr^C gwagiinciir

(-tail-).

(-zaii-).

52a,

(§

til^'h^C (i)ngwagucar

(

,,

8). ).

8—2

FRO— FUR

116

from, prp. h- ka-

(§

47«).

-t-ili „ it from him: ^tKo-'-i-'^:- yazau (pi. ^H*^.yazut) tajju, or ahfi^d^n wiisadibbat, pi. --^fl^K ).

Take

-dubbat. o

Where does he tayet yimatal front,

s.V^ftt

In front

(it)

?

(fit).

front, adv. (\d.^

of, in,

come from? -f^^'-^oD^^i'-

baf It

(-fit

;

§ 8).

prp. fl-...:<{,^°ba-... fit (fit; h- {-t

)...'•

a^H- ka-

§ 8,

(ta-)...

§47&).

bafit

(ya-,

-fit; §8, §476).'

In front of the house

hH^'-ddM^'- kavJ^et

:

vafit.

put in (send in), v.t. htl^^ao asqaddama. frontier, s. ^IC'-^C^ y^gar (s.v. f-, §§ 7a, 47a, 70) daricca. ^9^(\C dimbar (-bar).

front,

On frost,

s.

the frontier

'

be,

v.i.

••

fundament, s.

mdlu

malla or T'A m^olla. o tro^tw^ maqqamaca.

s.

hl-hfi^ (i)ngiidS

(of things) s.

tdoar darfcca.

(9^^^ milu).

funny, adj. (of persons)

fur,

'•

<w>A

'

fungus,

^IC ^C^

ta.C'^ wurc.

full, adj. ao^t^ full,

;

mT^C

furniture,

s.

(§§ 8,

dAi*?

<wi"/«fe^

52a,

tagwiir.

h^

Iqa.

massaryfi s.

(-tan-).

masdqya.

f n.^:<w»^^^ yab>et (-ay>e-

furrow,

8).

bwaltaniia

7-Jtfl

;

(-yii).

giidba (-dya

;

§

52a,

S).

s.v. P-, §§

47a, 70)

GAI—GAR

lir

G refers to the

§

^C*P

gain,

s.

gain,

v.i.

&

tirf.

h-tdd, atarrafa

t.

What

paragraphs of the Grammar (Tnitia Amharica, Part I).

(-tar-).

does he gain by this?

tlUV'.r'i'.^'l'Ci^^i'.

bazzfh min yatarfal ?

The watch gait,

s.

gaiter,

gains:

rt'J'f3;j&4»j^<»7^::

hhth.^ akkdhad. gamballa

s. IJ'^fllA.

o2a,

(§

hT-J^n/t- agumbc411"o gale,

hoh/^

s.

gall, v.t.

sadtu yiqadmal.

8).

52a,

(§

8).

aul^'o.

^m gdta.

See that the straps do not hlffif^naxah

11

tafir

(§

matamma

s.

s.

•7A'fl^ gpi^ya (-lyya).

gallop,

v.i.

t.

/lAfl

(it):

m*PC:

(matam-).

Gallabat,

&

him

52a, 8) indaigftau.

gallop,

ao-f*^

gall

gallaba (ava).

Let the horse gallop:

Don't gallop the horse

:

••

MpMi k

farasun

attforalv.

game,

s.

(amusement)

fiO.(D;^

cawata

(animals) YxdJ^ dur^e

(§

(caua-, -wt).

Id), pi.

^^*e^

ai-awit

(§ 8)-

Who won

the o srame? yaratta (§14)?

garden,

s.

'^'J-'ifl^sf^i;'-:--

man nan o

Ai;*"3flA^ atakilt.

Gardenia Tkimhergia (Broun, Cat. gambill^o {^9°- gwam- B.).

237),

s.

pT'Ht^

!

GAR— GER

118

garlic {Allium sativum),

You must

s.

V*?* ' Tf-'JW'C^

nacc sunkwurt.

not come when you have been eating

garHc: 'I'V'i'&'i^C^-il^tifi'h^T'm.' nacc kwiirt sittvala attfmta. o o o •

gash,

gate,

^

*I*^AA qwiisil.

s.

Gash,

•

siin-

(river) «w»^-fl

s.

^&

s.

nc

marab

dajj (dajj). barr.

gate-keeper,

barranna

s. (\d}j

hAhje.

gather,

(-ay).

kalkS

(gathered, be,

v.i.

(-ran-).

(-dyy

§

6;

v.p.) i'rtflrtfl

§ 8).

tasabassaba

(tas-,

-avassava). o

o

•

gather,

o

•

O

'

(bring together) Cldfid sabassaba (sayassaya).

v.t.

(pick) ti^oD laqqama.

Gather them together:

gathering,

gecko,

(picked) i'ly^tw talaqqama.

v.p.

masabsabya

s. <w>rt'flrtn,^

IflA" gabal'^^o (gaya-

s.

sanga

s.

flTfp

general,

s.

(mil.) ffj^ll^'^ dajj

generosity,

s.

generous, adj. genitals,

s.

gentle, adj.

gently

!

d^Ctl

^Ci^

^C

-flA^

faras.

dzmdc

(§ 8).

carinnat (-nat).

car.

bfllit.

7C gar

interj. 4*ft

(gar).

qass

gently, act (be gentle), §

(-aysayya).

§ 8).

;

gelding,

••

saysiydccau,

-vwaccau.

pi. -P,^fl>-K

gathered, be,

rt-flftfl^a^:-.

v.i.

11*7 :AiA

zigg dla

(s.v.

44a).

German,

adj. ?'i9^fi

yanamsa.

f Vl^O«e yanamsjlwi. S.v.

German,

s.

?

,

§§

47a, 70.

V5^^*C namsawi, pi.

-?*''f

-woe

(-cc

§ C).

VflA,

GER— GIN

119

Germany, s. h^^fi namsa. It was made in Germany:

namsa dgar gesture, get,

s.

MC

•

-hOK « ka-

tayajja.

T4*iff tfq(is)sa.

not get there in time:

will

(it)

aidarsim,

did he

\f"i h""

ona.

get like this? ?i'}^1"!?i'}^U:|fV«

(it)

ndJ'et indih h'^ona?, pi.

h'Ti agafifia

v.t.

Where

Where can allau^ o

I

it

-nu?

from ? i'P*^ YiT^Oohw tayet =

-hut?

pi. -l^1*:•.

get

it

^^' ^^7*PAl^ « yet agaufiau••

?

?

me some:

Get

->•:••

(-gafi-).

did you get

agannJihau?,

^|lftCA9"K

-sum.

pi. -rt-{^«

(become)

v.i.

How get,

•

(arrive) ^d.h darrasa.

v.i.

He get,

hV9"fl

<(.A*7A^k

falligillifi,

pi.

-T-A^::

-o^ullin. O o

I

have got some:

Y\tC%i' allafi.

Have you got any? ^AUk pi.

^A^l^•.•. alldccyuh?

hM*^' alla^?,

allah?, pol. (§

Id).

Have you got me any? AiIYUA^k agafinahillifi? Has he got any? ?»AaJ-K allau?, pi. hf\^ah;\ allaccau? o

Did he get any? hlTv. ghost, gift,

s.

(D-^fl.

s. ftrn;f-

wuqab>e

-*^k -nfiu?

(-dy>e).

mattayaya

(-taidia).

oofiCfld^ masarsarya (sarsar-).

gimlet,

s.

gin,

&

t.

s.

Ti^^-flA zinjibil

ginger,

pi.

sit'^ota.

troi'^^

v.i.

aganiia?,

ginned, be,

(cotton) ^oDtn

v.p.

dammata.

(^1

jin-, Vi^)-

i'Haom tadammata.

ginning-machine,

s.

oofiirD^^

madamaca

(-mac-).

GIR— GLA

120

giraffe {Giraffa camelopardalis),

qaccin girdle,

mattataqya

maqannat

ao^'i^ girl,

*fe^^ qwwnj''o,

s.

(-CC

pi.

(-taq-).

(-nat).

also

mammit

girth (saddle-, horse's, mule's,

v.t.

§ 6).

(-mit). etc.),

s.

ao^'i^ maqan-

(-nac-).

rtm sdtta

me

Give

qwwnajit'^oc

lijagarad.

(small) '^'TL^

give,

«fe'?jS"f'"f

'k'l^^^'^ qwconajajit^oc (-cc

§ 6),

^^Id^

naca

jirata-

9d).

(§

ao^m^^

s.

^^i'^'^'i

s.

it

(§

61a).

(them)

I (will) give it

:

ftm^K

sftan.

(them) to you: hrtrnVAu-K isatahdl-

lau^. o

gave

I

it

(them) to you: rtnii>OK sattahuh.

Did you give it (them) to him ? The man you (pol.) gave us

rtmWa>-K sattahau? (has) disappeared:

Prtm«V<»-jrtflHsm4-« yasattunndu (S8) sau taffa.

What

did you give for it? {\hl^nnOiD*vi basfnti

Q^azzahau

?

give each other, give up, give

v.t.

up

M*^

v.t.

(tasat-).

laqqaqa.

(be given

fiftA4»*f»

^rt^lm* tasatattu

up

§

cause or allow

68),

to, v.t.

aslaqqaqa.

given, be, v.p. t'rtm tasdtta (tasat-).

given up, be, glad, be,

v.i.

v.p. i'A**!' talaqqacja.

^h-Yxti dass (dass) dla

(s.v.

VflA,

§

fJi'yytUD' dass (-a-) dlau (impers.

See I I

am am

§ 63r/,

glad: ^A."flA"?A:: so glad

§

43a).

e.

diiss yfr^onfial.

you have come:

mdttahl, pol. -m«K -ttu

44a).

!,

pi.

?i'>t»,!<w>'nu«

^kwa

-"X^ihn -ttdccyuh!

!

GLA— GO

121 glass,

'flCI?'* bircfq'^o.

s.

-nCA. birill>e. ^_^

aDtli'*P^ mastauwat. (mirror) / \

A glass of water: v.i.

glue,

s.

*^^fl*fe^

glue,

v.t.

••

bircfq^o wiiha.

'•

mattabaqya

(-ayaq-).

^"10+ attabbaqa.

glued, be,

tatabbaqa.

v.p. 'h'nfl*!*

^t^

s.

'dCI}'^ at'V

h-iltiGELliea. abliicallaca (ayl-).

glitter,

gnat,

GO

tfnifi (-inn

§

6

§§8, 5 2a,

;

gnaw, v.i. & t pm g^ta. go (about, away), v.i. rh.^ hada (ha-, Don't go h^iK!!:'-- attfhid!, pi.

h^e-, -da). h^Au'i''.'.

!

Go (away)! I

Ht^j^ k hid!,

I

dug:-- hij

want to go to Gondar: g^^ondar lihad O o o

I

f.

am am

going

:

8).

!,

attihidu!

pi. rh..?-::

hidu!

^'iflC'^^^h,^^^'hd.^p^^hii

ifalliQrallau'\ oO

o

o

o

Arh.j?:

:

V^ a lihad nan.

not going to ride: /iA+/wiT1^k aliqqamma-

tim. o •

There is nowhere for him ^"IAk maqqamaca ydtal.

go away,

v.i.

ai*7«^ K v.i.

to go: od^od^^s

aHf!, woj'ggada.

Go away! go down,

(it)

ai*7j^::

wagid

!,

f

iD*7jE'«

wwgij

wwgidu T^^A gwwddala.

Go down! ahdj!:^- wtirad!, pi. -S«k -du! When does the water go down ? ao^ 'lOh ••

J^

go

in,

A

(D'Vah K

mac^ e nau mmigwwdl lihau ?

cause or allow

go, let,

v.i.

pi.

(descend) wdf^ wwrrada. (abate)

'•

!,

& t.

to, v.t. htll(l

asgabba.

(release) A4»+ laqqaqa.

d,^

fatta.

-.

h'^'h'

!

GO— GOO

122

Let go A+4* If qaq pi. -* w -qu Let him (it) go: ¥^fl>«:: fftau, pi. ¥*^:: •.*.

I

go

out,

!,

fitut.

(D^ wwtta.

v.i.

(be extinguished) mi' taffa.

Go

ahmn

out!

We want

to

wiita!, pi. fl^m-:: wtitu!

go out:

Alfli'nsh'Jii.A^A'}:: linnwtuta

innifalliQallan. 0~ O

O

O

The go

has gone out:

fire

out, cause or allow to,

Don't

the

let

fire

M^im^^^a

v.t.

isdt taftoal.

htio)^ aswwtta.

go out: M^'-h'i^^aii-i'

isdt

indaitafa. o o •

o

go round,

v.i.

go up,

v.i.

0)"} wwtta.

v.t.

n- ....-Aj&sfli'n ba-... lai

Go

H^ z^Sra.

up! Oh flu wdta!,

pi. (D'm'ii

The price will go up: goat, s. ^f A fiyyal. God,

s.

goitre,

gold,

hinh-ndbC s.

hl^C^

(§ 8, §

47&)

wcu'tta.

wiitu!

wdga

yakkilal.

igziabhJ^er (-ayh-).

(|)nqirt.

fliC4* wcurq.

s.

Gold braid: goldsmith,

good, adj.

s.

fliC4»:Hn.-

wcJrqa (§9c?) zab^o

h'JT^? antraima

^T dagg

(-ay'^o).

(-ran-).

(dagg).

0D^t}9" malkdm,

pi.

also 0D^i}U9"

malkakdm

(§ 8).

T^. tfru

(tiiru).

^'i^ dinq. It is very

good:

?ijf*7.-^*7:V
dagg!

(§ 7(?)

nau.

He

is

a good

man:

A good mule:

^*7.•rtfl^••Va^:•.

T<-:fl4'/t": tiiru

dagg sau nau.

yaqP'o.

!

GOO— GRA

123

What good minfh o o

(S \o

this to

is

16) '

nau o

you?

S^V'-r"iV.'iah:i yfhe

?

dahnd hun!, pol. ff^'^'t^ f.ih'hi- dahnd yfhunu!, (to more than one) f!/h't'ih^i'. dahna hiinu good-natured person, s. lat'p'P gaugawwa (-auwa). goodnight! interj. fi'h^ hff^Ci'- dahnd fdar! (-naid-), good-bye!

interj.

^'^'7 * o-*} k

--

pol. ^'V'i":)i^<-K diihnd yfdaru! (-ndid-), (to

than one) ^'VT:?i^<-k goods,

s.

goose,

s.

h^

dahnd idaru

more

(-naid-).

!

fqa.

^-fl^ y^bra (-^yr).

G. ^(\C yibdr (-fyd-; §8).

See Gospel,

(dITm^ wwhg>el

s.

Gossypium

§

o2a,

8.

(§ 8).

i^itifolimn (etc.,

Broun, Cat.

64),

s.

TT

tit.

got, be, v.p. •f"V^ ta«»;anna (-gan-).

Can

it

be got?

J^I'^i'^k yiggafinal?, pi. j&l'f/V-K yig-

«:annflllu?

gourd (Cffcurbita maxima, Broun, Cat. gourd-shell,

govern,

s.

V7ip naggasa.

v.t.

1H gazza.

government

s. <w>'>*7/*'^

office,

fl.1'!#wj'>*7/^^

s.

^Toh-VT-

b^eta

(§ 9fl)

addabdbai (aydyai).

makwwnnan

(-niin).

IDT gaz. gradually, adv. grain,

s.

flT*^

(cereal) ?iUA

T
:

flT*fe^ l^atfqit yatfqit.

fhil. tfrJ^e.

mangist.

cfl^^'ot (§ 8).

^^f\f\f^ s.

4'Aqil.

mdrigist.

^A"'>

governor,

s.

4^^ fdga.

v.i.

government,

209),

;

GRA— GKA gram

124

{Cicer arietinum, Broun, Cat. 140),

s.

Tli^'fl^ sim-

bfra.

granary,

)i'^ g'^otara

s.

grandfather (-mother), grant,

s.

o^rant,

v.t.

hf^

^yyS,t

(§ 8).

rtm satta. i'rtm tasatta

v.p.

(tas-).

K«Jf *7^ ujigra (ujigra

rifle, s.

grass,

§ 8).

;

ftfn;^ sit'^ota.

granted, be,

Gras

(-tar-

s.

§ 8).

"/C sar.

s.

Cut

(pL) the grass

round the tent: ^d't^TfWi' tadimkwdn atagav icadut.

hml'd'-'hai^^'-'' sar

Short grass

flCF-

sdrd" o

(sar-).

^^ qwayya.

grass-fire,

s.

grate,

ft4*4*

v.i.

:

••

hti siqiqq dla (impers.

43a

§

;

VflA,

s.v.

§44a).

on me: tl^^ ^ii^ fii^ siqiqq yilannal. grateful, be, v.i. fl^A;^ h(D^ wiilata (-lat-) auwaqa (-wwqIt grates

•-

••

§

QSd,

added

is

I

e),

am

to. A- la- (§ 47a),

or the pers.

sufi! (§

126)

to a^lK^.

grateful to you: ah-li^Vi'-hah^fti'lt^'^ wii-

latahin auuqqyallau^ pol. -^P^t'-... -td^'on..., ...you, pi. -;^^l^'^^ -tdccihun (-tdccyuhin

gratis, adv.

hl^^Oh

(f)ndyau

§

7d)....

(§ 8).

[h^Ch rfgu (frgu). hnj^ kabbad (§ 8). ao^'dC maqdbir (-dyi-).

grave, adj. (of persons)

grave,

s.

grave, be (become), gravity,

graze,

s.

v.i.

v.i.

(of persons)

(of persons) ["h^dp (pragga.

[h]Cp^

rfgdt (irg-

(pasture) G. +A*^/«- tasamarra S. i'flaod

;

§ 8).

(tiisiim-).

(tasam-). tasamarra O O O O

Let the animals go to graze:

^

'

h'fl't.-j&rt'^^K

kaftu

(§52a, S) yissamdra, S. ...^rt<w»CK ...yissamar.

:

GRA— GRI

125 graze,

v.t.

(pasture) G.

hA*n^ assamarra.

S.

hiiaoC assamarra. o n o

(wound slightly) pa\ g^ta. want a man to graze the mules:

I

h^^piiO".: layaql'^occ irranna

A

him

stone grazed

(it):

An4*/t"'f :?i
ifalligallau^.

^iX^ipaiOhv. dangya

gdtau. grease,

sib (siv).

/I'd

s.

Put some grease on grease,

v.t.

flft'fls4*fl<»-::

basfy qfyau.

qabba.

*l*fl

greased, be,

it:

v.p.

taqabba.*

'^*f*fl

gi'eat, adj. '>a4» tilliq.

Greece,

f *7<5]fi

s.

agar

••

hiC yagrik

k

adj.

(§ 8).

is

often called

gwwmman

'h'OD'i

T*C

tiiqur

•

/iftTA**^

t>ena

:•

yfstillin,

I

the reply to which

health,

(

= black),

(-miin).

greeting suitable at any time and for

m.V

47a, 70)

§§

grik (grik).

s. *7<5ln

Dark green s.

f-,

hd'i^^ arwngwdd^e.

green, adj.

greens,

s.v.

(-gar).

greedy, adj. ^*l^^9^ qiqqftdm

Greek,

(-rik;

all

persons

wish you good is

h-ilC

••

dvr''o ^yfstan. o •

O

grey, adj. htwji:*^

amadfmma

(-mild-).

grey-haired, adj. 7ln;^l^ sibatdm grief,

s.

grieve, srill, c

v.i.

v.t.

'

AiHi azzana.

mflrt tabbasa. •

grind,

v.t. d,Ga,

grindstone,

s.

o

o

v.i.

t.

o

^

facca (fac-).

aoft^ masdl (§8). aofi^

grip,

(-iy-,

imif azan.

^li

masaya

ydza

(§

44c).

(aia).

-at-;

§ 8).

f^lim'i a

GRO— GUA groom,

A^*^ Iwggwdmi.

s.

ground,

126

0d&^ market

s.

9"^C mfdir

(§ 8).

(liidir).

Hard ground: C^CC: Stony ground

On

:

the ground

ground, be, group,

'^1'^

H^

v.t.

grow

(up),

cinca.

h9°^C kamdir. •-

:

tafacca

v. p. 'I'd^eEL

(-fac-).

sibsdbi (siysdyi).

s. ft-fl^fl.

grow,

f^dra^^or.

••

zarra.

v.i.

(of persons) hf!Jl addaga.

baqqala

(of trees, etc.) (i^li

(baq-).

(become larger) ^hA akkala. He has grown up ^A4»••l^XAK tllliq hiinoal. Where does it grow ? ^^ Va>- h'^fl^'A « yet nau mmivaqil ? :

•

••

This child

growing: I^U-'AE-s^ViAAk yihe

is

lij

yakkilal.

Gryllus

sj)., s.

guarantor,

^l^n f^enta

52«,

8).

was.

s. 'Pft

You must

(§

get a guarantor

:

'PA s ^9"'n «

was anta

(§ 7f/).

Who is

your guarantor? ^hM'-^lihOhv. wasihman

nau? guarantor, be,

v.i.

guarantor, offer

Whom

(for, v.t.) 'h'Prt

as, v.t.

do you

}\*?(i

offer as

mdnniin tauusallah guard,

s.

tawdsa

awdsa

f"^^ (of

one or more)

(aud-).

guarantor?

*^V'} : ;^fl^^ AU

?

(individual) Hfl? zabanfia mfl*fe

(taud-).

(-ay-, -an-).

tabbdqi. taraiifia H-fl

zab

Cp. §52a,S.

(t;ir-,

(zay).

-ran-),

:••

GUA—GUN

127

Mount a

over him

oriiard

:

n(Vi'-h^9"(\^:i zavdnna

Hd^'-y^ao-d^n zayanna ydqumubbat, (-fl- to prevent his escape, § 47a). Mount a guard over it: H(\^'-h^9"ii^'.- zayanna dqumillat, pol. lffl?s^*fe-AihK zayanna ydqudqumibbat,

pol.

mullat, (-A- to protect

guard,

47a).

tabbaqa.

v.t. mfl*l*

Guard him

(Wfi^ahv. tabbiqau,

(it):

guard, be on one's,

v.p.

pi. -*fe^:: -qut.

+m^*f'4* tatanaqqaqa.

v.i.

Be on your guard guarded, be,

it, §

'taiTf^^ s tatanqaq,

:

pi.

-* « -qu.

+mfl4* tatabbaqa.

guest,

s.

A-}*?^ (i)ngida

guide,

s.

trod

(§

sj'

mari (mar-).

want a guide and nothing else: aodi'hd.^plUhl A.As^iA^CAl?":-. mari ifalliirallau^^ lela alfdlli0&'

I

:

o:im.

They refused ht^^i-'

guide,

to give

me

mari annsdtimm

a guide: aod:h'iA'?9": (S

G) dluii.

OD^' marra.

v.t.

Guide him: 9°^aha mirau. Guide us 9"^> » miranna, o o :

guided, be,

v.p.

'tao^ tamarra.

guinea-fowl (JVumida mitrata), guitar,

s.

ln<5-C

kfrdr

s.

S'*1^ jigra

(of the teeth)

gun,

s.

s. V-*7

ao-^H. miicca.

s.

mflT'^ tabanja 'iidSt

birat

f!:ff:

didd

(§

52a,

y).

(-aya-).

(-riit).

V'PT naft. o •

madf (marf § Id). ao^&^ madfanna (arf-, -fail-,

(big) aoff:^

gunner,

s.

52a,

(§ 8).

Guizotia oleifera (Guidi, Vocab. p. 397),

gum,

(§

§

7^).

nug.

8).

:

!

GUN— HAL gunpowder, gut,

128 fl^J?:

s.

barud.

h'}'^^ dnjat.

s.

H refers to the

§

habit,

/^'/J-^ sfrat (§ 8).

s.

hj^C It is

my

fddir.

habit

Hcmiatopota hail,'

s.

paragraphs of the Grammar {Initia Amharica, Part I).

Z^'^'fc V<»••

:

sp., s.

:••

KoJ-Cs'Hl^'fl

sirat^e nau.

fwwur zimb

(§

52a,

8).

ddP- barad^o. o o

ddf^ barad. o o hair,

s.

(esp.

of head)

mT^C

tagwiir.

(on the face or body) "^IC cfgar

I

See § 52a, y. want a man to cut my hair:

hair-brush,

s.

^dmd^

&

s.

Mbfii fkkul

s.

^tV^A.;^

^rt.*}

••

f '^Afift^

rds^en yammildccanil ifalliorallauK

^l
half, adj.

(-gar).

mabattarya

ikkuP eta

(-ay-, -attar-).

(likk-).

(iikk-).

T^ft Osamis. o o Half of it will be enough: ?lV^A»;^fl^: ikkuPetau yivaqal. o o» o ^ Half a dollar: P-nC ^lAj?: yayfrr aMd.

jiflj^Ar.

•'

•

:

half-caste, adj. 4»A4*A qilfqqil. halt,

v.i.

^m* q^ oma

Halt!

We

"fcl^K

will halt

42c).

(§

qum

!,

now:

pi.

^ao-n qiimu

hih'ii'h'i^^ii'ii'.

ahun

inniq^'o-

mallan.

Where we

halted

:

e*9"in^: yaq'^omndbbat.

HAL-HAR

129 halter,

AO'Tl libab (Ifydv

s.

Put a halter on

When

§ 8).

;

has a halter on

it

labbivau. O' o O

it: A'flflflM:

fLtiH-il

:

-

hammer, hand,

s. <w»A^7f

?t&

s.

ijj (§

it

over,

52a, y).

v.t.

aodxd.'tl

s.

s.

;

§

7a).

handle,

v.t. -^rtrt v.t.

(-rdk-, -ava).

maharrab

(av).

maydza (maid),

ao^'H'

(up),

bajjih (baj-

:

h^hfl arrakkaba

handle,

hang

fljfu

:

sitaccau lards viiijaccau.

handkerchief,

'

•

into the Ras's hands: ft^n^OHsA^ft.-flJ?

^fl>-K

hand

o

mad^' osa.

With your hand(s) Give

sillabbav. o o

,

dassasa. o o

rt+A

sacjciala.

hTfOxtimti antalattala. o •

Hang

o

•

up on the wall: ^rgfddau (§ 7d) siqalau. v.p.

happiness,

s.

happy, be,

v.i.

o

o

'h'7j^-*?^a>-

it

hanged, be,

•

i'rt+A tasdqqala

••

ft+AiD- « ta-

(tas-).

^ft;*' dass(i)ta.

^ft-'^iA

dass

(diiss)

dla

(s.v. v/flA, §

^{I'-hiiah dass (-a-) dlau (impers.

See Harar,

s.

thdC (h)arar

thdC% v.t.

§

43a).

6'Sd, e.

(-riir).

(h)ararg>'e (-rar-).

Harar, language harass,

§

44a).

of, s.

th^C^

(h)ararfiina

(-riir-).

VH>H nazannaza. o o o o

hard, adj. (of materials) T>- tfnu. -nC-tf^bfrtu. o

m'J-h^ tankarra. (difficult)

Hard wood: AM. GR.

(ll)

T'l^

cinq.

•f "hC

cfggur.

T>-s?i'>cCte-^: tinii (§ 8) nc^^et. 9

!

HAR— HAT

130

The eggs should be hard; Idl

yjrga;

This book

—

— hf,Cp ••

is

hard-working, adj.

-^T- tfgu.

hare {Lepus abessinicus),

T^^A

s.

tfncal.

G. T-'J'hA cfntal

-T-^^A s.

k dirga.

hard to read: je.U!«iD^¥s'}fln-:'T'^4»: yihe matdf (§ 55b) niyayu cfnqi (§ 7d) nau.

VflHK

barm,

hqwu-

?i'}4>^AAsj&Cp::

should not be hard:

(-tal).

cfncal.

(evil) flft bis.

(damage) 7^^^ gwtiddt There's no harm in him

(§ 8).

(it):

lUft

••

f Aoni'" « bis

yallaum.

harmful, adj.

bis

tlft

576).

(§

»1^ kifu (kdfu, ktifu,

harmful, be (become),

v.i.

hartebeest {Buballs tora),

§

Id).

h4- kaffa. s.

-f^

f'

ora

(§

52a,

S).

hllem^ azmara (mar-),

harvest,

s.

haste,

s.

^h»A

haste,

make,

cikkwcola (ctikkdla ^7d;

v.i.

^h"A

§ 8).

cakkwcola (cwkkola).

^f'iir^.3i^

t^^olo dla (s.v. VflA, §44a).

4{.mV fattana (fattiina).

+Am
Make

haste! -f/t-inAu t^^olo val!,

pi.

-fA-.-n/V-K

t^dlo valu o

They must make haste: 'fA-s^flA-K t'V)lo yiyalu. Make haste and do it: -f-ti^.-diiV-h^Claha V^6\o yilah

drgau

hasten, (cause

(§

7d).

to), v.t.

hd.m'i afattana (afattiina).

Mliaid, aqaldttafa. A© O O O •

hasty, adj. hat,

s.

^V^A

flCi;*"

cikkul.

barneta.

•

HAT— HEA

131

Have you seen my hat?

(\Ci^^lf'h^O(D'i'' bar-

netd^en ayyahau?

Put your hat on:

barnetahin Hyas,

flC5i;^U'>! Aflfts

pol. ^CJl;^?''}.•^Anrt«!•. barneta^'onyflyasu.

Take your hat

off: flCi;^U'>•^la^A4':•.

barnetahin

auliq.

We

do not consider a man polite that comes in with his hat on: h^twilMr'-^'t'^m'dC^^: ^^01 a4» f '^Ifl ••

aimasljinnim yiltaqatta yarneta

:••

saiauojlq yammisrava.

hate,

mA

v.t.

hatred, have,

s.

talla.

^^"^ qiyydm>e. use

v.t.

h^

with pers. I

suff. (§ 12c).

have another: AtAshA^"

Has he I

dlla (§§ 32, 39), If V h'^Sna, etc. (s.v. be)

shall

naffa (

=

a horse?

lela dllaii.

<{.
faras dllau? o

o

have time tomorrow: il!T.H.!jiT^?AK ixiz^'e

yin^^oraiinal.

cause), use causative in (§

^i-

a-

or htl- as-

22«).

Have it done: hflfiClOhi: Have the tree cut down:

asdarri<^au.

H^'JshA*feCm(D-:: zdfun

asqwwrritau. A O O •

hawk, hay,

s.

s.

1^

gadd^e.

JtCit dirqwa.

J^C*7i dfrq^^os he, pron. hCA*

(§ 8).

Irsii (§ 8),

pol. "hCf^'foh irsac(c)au

(§

12a),

(usually omitted imless emphatic).

Yes, he It is

head,

s.

is

:

htolr

••

Vfl>-

he: ^lCA-sVfl^K

:••

dwwn, nau.

irsii O

nau. O

^ft ras.

Fore part of head

:

M^ andt

(§ 8).

9—2

HE A— HE A head-man,

132

"^9^ sum.

s.

*Jj&^1'?

ainatanna

(-natan-).

(local) '^^i'd'9^ ciqd

sum, often abbr. to

1!'^ cfqa (§8). head-stall,

health,

AH'Tl Ifbdb (Ifvav

s.

;

^ 8).

(good) rttV t^ena.'

s.

f^'hlh^ dahninnat (-nat).

How

your health? ?i'>^^siU« nd>et nah? pol. h^^^.-V?':: nd^et na^o ? dahna nau ? Is he in good health ? ^IfT hah is

:•.

'•

Eas Gugsa in good health? ^ft--T'*7"/!ft'i«?: ^^Oh ras gugsa dahnd ndccau ? healthy, adj. (of animate objects) fll.'i''^ t^^enamma. (of places) ArttT:^*? lat^ena dagg (dagg). Is

::

tJ-ena (§ 576).

fll.'i"

Is

he healthy? a\,^^'*iahi\ t^^enamma

(§

8)

nau?

ntT hoh k t^ena nau ? Is that country healthy? ^:MC!Am.V!^'7!ia>-K ya agar lat^ena daggi (§ 7c?) nau ? heap, s. \l9°C kfmmir. Is it (the place) healthy

heap,

X\ao^

v.t.

heaped, be, hear,

v.i.

Do I

&

v.p. 'tXiaoC t.

(did)

do

kammara

rt*^

?

•-

(-mar-).

takammara

samma

(-mar-).

(§ 63f?, e).

you hear? rt'^U" sammah? hear anything: 9"'}9":KArt'^ihK

(did) not

alsammahu mfnimm (-au^ §o ^d). o o o Can (does § 63c) he hear J&A*^A

yisamal

He

aisamam.

\

/

:•

?

can't (doesn't) hear

heard, be,

Can It

heart,

v.p. 'f'rt*^

it

be heard

tasamma ?

A-fl libb.

Y\^fi"19°'A (tils-).

jirt'^A::

cannot be heard s.

:

:

?

yissammal

^ijirt*^?"::

?

aissammam

(§ 63c). (

„

).

HEA— HEK

133 heat,

ao'^^ miiqat.

s.

Damp heat,

v.t.

heat

-iit).

h'P*^ am'^oqa.

heathen, adj.

heaven,

Afl^ idbat (4ya-,

:

& s.

samai

rt'^/i

s.

hd^aoY,

Good heavens

araman^e.

(§ 8).

kabbad

heavy, adj. hfljt

wwyyo gud

aiP-sT^J^:--

!

-bbfd, -bbid

(-0,^?:

Are the goods heavy

;

§ 8).

fqa

kabbad

'ittn>'\^it\l^'''iahxi

qiimatu

JiJ?*'!

?

!

hflj^sViD-:".

nau? o heavy, be,

Hebrew, heel,

s.

&

adj. Ji'Tl^/iftT ibrdist (iyr-).

'h^h'H tarak(k)az

s.

heifer,

hfl^ kabbada.

v.i.

s.

(very young)

(during height,

s.

first

What

year)

is

his

(its)

? nau o fli^Ti wwrds

Helioti'opium

(i)mb''6ssa.

T^

tljja.

(-milt).

(jiimat (-mat).

sfnti o o s.

"hf^fyfi

"hCWao^' irzfmat 'fc<w»'lh

heir,

(§ r^2a, y).

sp.

height?

'

(§ 8).

(Broun, Cat. 374),

s.

*I?")'>1*

cig''6g''ot

(§ 8).

helmet, help,

s.

s.

flCi;^ barneta.

?^C•S;^ irddta.

& t. [?»]^^i (i)radda. Help him: hCHahn frdau. They did not help us: h^.S.79":: arrdddunnim.

help,

hen,

v.i.

s.

F-e d^or^'o

(§

546).

her, pers. pron. (ace.)

-a^

-at

(§

12c).

(emph.) XCO,'} frsSn her, poss. pron.

-*P

-wa (-5a;

§

(§

8

;

§

12a).

12b).

herd, s. ao'ip mantra. ~ o herd of cattle: ^Yl'd^'-aolpi yakaft manga. '

A

HER— HID herdsman,

s.

'

134

tx^

irranna o o

(-ran-). '

^

(nomad) HA^ zallan here, adv. ?iH,U (f)zzih (-zih

hitO kazzlh (

Is

(ha-,

;

§ 8).

+-

ta-, -az-, -zlh

= hither) m^Xi wwdih

here or there? hH.U

it

kazzya wai nau o o oo

(§ 8).

••

(-dfh ^fl>-

:

;

;

§ 8).

§ 8).

OJJZ.

s

hlt^

kazzih

:•

?

*^

Come Is

he

here (it)

'•"••oi-^.Uk

!

na

here (present)

(pi. >•!

^Ak

?

nu) wwdih

alia

!

?

Here it is, here: ^0(i>« i'H.U « yihau tazzih. Here you are (finding something) Jiilf:*. nnahd! (handing a thing) h^h k nka s

1

I

Just here:

tazzihu.

i'lty--*

hereabouts, adv.

flftl'ltU

bastazzih

(-taz-, -zfh

;

niLUilltl-A bazzi'h (baz-, -zfh)

S 8).

bdkkul

(ya-)-

hermaphrodite,

s.

&

adj. ^(.T^T'^ fandfint

hers, poss. pron. f C(l. yarsod

hew,

v.t.

s.

ftfli.C

v.i.

;

§

12a).

sfwwur (sydwur).

-PCfl^ q^drbat

(with coat) hide,

8

find-).

*fe^m qwwrrata.

hidden, adj. hide,

(§

(¥V-

(oneself,

MA v.r.,

(-ry-, -at).

ag^'dza.

be hidden, v.p.) ^hiDL tasauwara (tils-).

'Mf?f7 tasassasra o o o'-' o (tasassiiga).

i'^n* tadabbaqa. hide, '

v.t.

rtoi^

sduwara. o o o

Tflfl

sassaga

(sassiiga).

fj\^ dabbaqa.

HID— HIP

135

Hide him

(it):

hide, cause or allow to

hiding-place,

s.

^S^

high, adj.

This mule

sassigau, pi. -'b^a -gut.

TiTilah'.-

hft^fl* asdabbaqa.

massassagya (massiissag-).

aoTlTil.^

rajjim

68), v.t.

(§

(raj-,

-Dr9" -zzim).

high (enough): f.VJJ[^^-•^d^rrs h^F-^n yfhe yaql^o rajjimimm aidiil (§ 7d). is°iiot

highland, adj. (highlander, highlands, hill, s.

(dagan-).

^;i daga.

s.

'h^^

^1? daganna

s.)

tardra. o

(small) -VT g^ot. hilt,

s.

0o\i^ makd. o

him, pers. pron.

-u,

,_^

-Oh

emph.

-^

-i^ah

-dc(c)au,(§ 12c).

ItxCCb'i Irsiin (§ 8),

pol. hCfirahlr

-u,

-t,

irstic(c)aun,

pol.

(§

12a).

h^Uoh

dyyahau ? Have you seen him ? I have seen him ?if ii"l*:-. ayyiihut. I know Ras Gugsa, I have seen him: ^'tl'-'bl'H'' :-.

:

hah^H'Vt^-^lhn'l'ay'i'' dllau'\

ras giigsa auiiqaccau-

ayyahwdccau.

hAhA kalakkala. o o o o Don't hinder him (it): h^hAlnAfl>-::

hinder, '

v.i.

&

t.

\

pi.

-A-^K

pi. -OL'f^fl>"K

hinderer, hinge,

s.

s.

attikalkilau, o O

v.p. i

hAh^

:

>i'1hhAlflA^i»-:: attikalkildccau, o o

^^

o

s.

o

-Iwdccau.

+hAhA ^^

takalakkala. o o o o o

kalkdi (-dyy

§ 6, § 8).

*^m
^t^

mwahit (-hit § 52a, y). hippopotamus {ff. amphibms), s. 9-*^^ gumdrJ'e. Hippotragus eqidmis, s. at'i^d wwndfbb^e (§ 52a, D. ai^J^fl, wwddambi.

hip,

o

O

-lut.

Don't hinder them hindered, be,

/

;

8).

HIR— HOL

136

hire (cost of), hire, let on,

s.

v.t.

hire, (take on),

h^Jl kfrS (§ 8). Aih^f akkarayya

v.t.

+h^f

(-kar-).

takarayya

4»m
(-tar-).

Hire a mule: fl^'A^i'Ml^fts house:

I wish to hire a

baql'^^o takaraJ.

^^^^ Ah^|&!?i
b^et likkarayy ifalligallau^

i'+m^

hired, be, v.p.

taqattara

sdc(c)au, hiss,

&

v.i.

Id).

(-tar-).

12a).

(§

G. hXeOM afwacca.

v.i.

S.

hit,

(§

-u, -ah -u, pol. -k^oh -ac(c)au, (§ 125). emph. f Cfr yarsu (§ 8), pol. f C^^fl>- yar-

pron.

his, poss.

(-kar-).

hGTi af^Onna.

ao^

t.

matta.

Hit him (it): 9";^fl^:•. mitau, pi. JP**^-.: mitut. Don't hit him (it): MT'^Ohix attfmtau, pi. K^ r-^^v, attimtut. o hither, adv. id-?.0 W6>dih (-dih

hoar-frost,

hock,

s.

hao^^ amadai

(of animal)

s.

v.i.

&

hoed, be, v.i.

'^d.C

t.

$7^ qwdnja

qwwiFara

v.p. •f'^d^C

&

t.

§ 8).

(§ 8).

ao'^d.d^ maqwwffarya

hoe, hoe,

hold,

s.

;

(§

(contain)

Hold (catch hold

52a, y).

(-far-),

(-far-).

taqwwffara

^H ydza

(§

(-far-).

44c).

^A of)

cdla.

him

(it):

^Hahn ydzau,

pi.

-H"^:: -zut.

(Of a bag, /2.^-AAk *^

jar, etc.).

What

does

it

hold? Itt^s

sint yicllal? o o o •^

(Of a nail or peg). Will it hold anything big? ^A4»:?i^:^iFAA:: tilliq fqa yicilal? •^ OO-'-O^ •'OO

HOL— HON

137 hole,

(through anything) +^-8 qaddda.

s.

giidgwad

(cavity) "hJt^Jt

There

^7d;

§ 8).

a hole in the carpet: i'tlp^'-^H^itxtin

is

qaddda

tasigdjja

He

(-lirgw-

alia (qadaddlla).

into a hole: ^T^j^^j^ ai^+ « tagiirgwad

fell

••

wwddaqa.

The steamer had a hole knocked '^4*^^

Sew up (cp.

He

the hole(s) in

has

made a

It has got a hole in s.

fid'Ci

'pfifioh'}

it:

lii^ a

-.

qadddaun

o2a, 8) sffa.

§

(it)

holiday,

in it:

bayur taqaddada.

•••

hole in it

it

A

i'+J?^

:

'i^F-^^ « qadd^^'otal.

:

taqadd^al.

:••

flA bal.

hollow out,

v.t.

d,hd,ti falaflfala. o

hollowed out, be, '

'

o

o

o

'i'dA^.h tafalaffala. v.p. 1 o

hollowing out, instrument

o

for,

s.

o

o

o

ao^^d.^ mafalfdya

(-fal-, -aia).

holy, adj.

home,

Is

^'-S-ft

0*'*^

s.

cjiddiis (§ 8).

b> et.

he at home?

i'n>'lJ

s

Vfl>-

«

tav>etu nau?,

pol.

'^n.;^^fl^ : hA- :: tav^etdccau allu?

honest, adj. ^Oji nabai (na-, -ya-

;

-dyy

§

(3

;

§ 8).

^lfl^•V'^? unataiiiia (-nataii-).

4»7 qin. (plain)

honey,

s.

'^9°^ cfmmit.

"IC mar.

See whether there are any ants in the honey if there are, take them out with a spoon, not with your hand: i"^4-:Xj&:*'}«^*P':?i'>^An^::?»'}^As n*^'>h hahn)ah flg-U h-lrlh k tamdru iy quncdc ;

:

(§

'.'.

52a, S) indallabbat

vajjih attinka.

:

;

ndalla,

yamanka autau,

•

HON— HOR honour,

hhdd akabbara

v.t.

honoured,

138

honoured, be, hoof,

kfbur

adj. hfl^C v.p.

(-bar-).

(-Jyu-).

+hn^ takabbara

(-bar-).

h-i? kwwtt^e.

s.

T^C tffir. See

Take the Pare hook,

its

v.t. *feA
(fish)

hooked, be,

s.

hope,

v.i.

I

•

^

maqdtin.

'i^^9 qwulf

yn ydza

(§

44c).

v.p. i"feA<<. taqwojllafa.

i'tii'

tasfa

i'^H taydza

(taid-).

(tas-).

i'tli-ih^^l tasfa (tas-) adarraga.

hope

see you again: ^Tr*!AjZ.U!i'ft4-!

I shall

h^C^AiHs dagm^o idyih tasfa adargallau^ ^«7^.-/\ffP: etc. dagm^o idya^ etc. horn,

s.

^Tr^ qand

hornbill,

^.^

qwwUafa.

(fish)

hope,

hS!:^-i"?^^'

hoofs:

autau.

idif tatifru 000*0

(for fishing) tw^'?'i

s.

y.

its

hoofs: T^^'i'-'P^dmahv. tifrun qwtiratau.

(for fastening)

hook,

52a,

out of

dirt

hoh^noh K

§

(§

52a,

pol.

y).

ground (Bucorax

cibessiniciis),

s.

'hC\v9° irkiim

(§ 8).

horrified, be,

horror, horse,

s.

s.

v.i.

^V7m

dana"q:ata.

^'ipoh dingdt^e. d.dh faras. 00

What

the price of this horse? J&U !<{.
is

'lOh K

O

What I

is

its

pace like? ^'^Ohs'h'i^^s^ahv.

riic-

? cau nd^ et nau o want a horse with large limbs and a broad chest:

^fi^q^o^9^:f^4:^9^'.d,dll-'hiL^p(Hh:: qiltimam da-

ratam faras O O O

ifalligallau'*.

O

O

O*^

O

!

HOR— HOW

139

A

horse with long pasterns: Tilfiahi^dttaoi d.dlli

sah^ondu

52a, y) yarazzama faras.

(S

horse, interj. to urge to stop

c^e

a, if

!

Kii iss

it,

horse-cloth (placed under saddle, namda), (for

s.

riding animals) 9^^ mfccu. aoao^ maminaca. o o

(for transport animals) m.4»

t>

eq.

dibdab

Jt-n^-n

ddy;

(diy-

§ 8).

<w>^Aj^A madalddil. hot, adj.

muq.

tf»-4*

Hot water «n»-4* a>-'/ muq wiiha. Hot weather fli»-«|»'> miiqat. ••

••

:

.-

:

'T* m^^ oqa

hot, be,

v.i.

hour,

rt*J'Th

s.

sadt

(§

(§

o2a,

GSd,

e).

8).

One hour: hl^-'M^i and sadt. sadt. Two hours: U-A-l* rt^'l* hulatt o o ^^ sadt? How many hours? ft'J'I'.'rt'Jil'! sint o o s

s

"

Bring

it

in

quarter

Y\9^'^ahx\ bariiv sadt

In half an hour house,

s.

of

an hour:

amtau (antau

nVl-Asrt*J'1hs

:

fl^-'flsrt'J^"

bakkul o

S

Id).

sadt. o

fti^ b^et.

(of brick, stone, etc.)

how?, adv.

*7i'"'fl

gimb.

M9j^ (f)nd>et? (--^^ -dit,°-dit; hl^ri (i)ndamfn (§ 8).

§ 8).

?

How do (will)

you do

tadarjjaualliih

How

are you?

it?

?i^^^

••

;^ftC^et

?

?i'>^9"'}:10k

ndamfn

niih?

pol.

M^-V.-AVn*:: nd^etsanabbatu? o o o

How

is it

made?

K'J-^^.-jK.n^^A::

nd>et yibbajjal?

:

!

HOW—HOW hot

«

140

how, adv., (intensive) 9"*}? minffma

How

!

is!

it

(§ 15).

an object): y"^?

(of

••

<m-4»

:

Vfl>-

—

(of the temperature) 9°t^s minfnna muq nau tnt'i'^siahii mininna muqat (§ 8) nau How it runs 9"'}^ ^amfia- minfnna yir^dtal !

!

!

•

min with

(intensifying size or quantity) 9""}

parts of hhli

How

q.v.

large (small) he

is

(it)

I

J^'}:^UAAb min

yahlal

how, conj.

(in indirect questions) X*}^- (i)nda- (-da-),

pref to simp, perf I don't

(§

48«) or to

know how he did

rel.

+ cont.

(§ 14).

MHff^dlOh-.May'kr'K

it:

ndadarraqrau alauuqim. I don't

know how it

is

made

:

^lAfl^4'9"!

h^^'^OE-::

alauuqimm indammibbaji. show you how to do it: M?Vti'^'''h'}J!:^^C

I will

asayyahallau^ indittadargau,

lah'.:

—

that you

Except

may do

(lit.

in order

it).

after a negative, the indirect question

may be left in its direct form Show me how you do it: M^^--'h'i^^-'^f!^C1'P AUk asdyyanfi ind^et tadargauallah. Show me how it is made: M?^'-'h'i^^--S!»(i^^ii asdyyanfi ind^et yibbajjal.

how much (many)? inter, pron. il'i^ sint ? (indecL, § How much is there? ll'i^--hiii'' sint alia? o How many are they? ilt^s^^ahn sinti (§

15).

7d)

? naccau o

how much

(many)!, (intensive) J^'J-'^UA min ydhil!

(yahl,

S.V.

How many dllul

Mlii).

there are!

9°'}i^Vfii'-h/k':'-

min yahl

HOW— HUR

141 howl, hull,

c'^oha

v.i. ^=»»Ti

(§

d^ii^ti falaflfala.

v.t.

o

hulled, be, v.p. hullo!, interj.

o

o

o

•f'd.tid^h tafalaffala.

flftin»

h'i'h'^'h'd.

v.i,

humble-bee,

humorous,

!

basma ab

k

^i'fl

:

Hullo, you there

hum,

Id).

hl't'

••

Aoh k anta sau

!

angwajraggwwra.

"hTrllll (pnziz.

s.

11,A+? bwaltaiifia

adj.

*?»? wazaiifia

hundred, card. num.

hung

(av).

!

(-zan-).

mat^'o

oD-f'

(-tan-).

(§

tasaqqala

(up), be, v.p. i'rt+A

20a). (tiis-).

i'Troxtimd tantalattala. o o o

If

is

it

hung up

its

A'h^flH f^^'Oi^^ ••

hunger,

•

o

•

•

known: (Urt+A:

is

bissaqqal sif rau yittiiuwajqal.

:••

[?i]^'fl (i)rdb (-dy).

s.

hungry, be,

v.i.

[?i]^na>« (i)rdbau (-yau

taniba

'h/f-fl

;

impers.

See

(titr-, -va).

am hungry ^fl^ « rdyaii. am not hungry: ^^O^l^:-.

I

o

place

§

43a).

S 03f/, e.

:

I

arrdyaniiim

(§§ 6, 7c).

hungry fl.Cflfl>-: bfryau. They will be hungry /&Cfl'T*PA:: yirvdccaual. If he

is

:

:

hunt,

'

v.i.

I

&

t.

Jiddana. ^ftV ' o o

want permission

to

hunt A^^ ^^ft: "hd^^ptiih « :

•*

'•

ifallig<41]au'\ ladiin fiqdd 0^5 o 1 O O o

ddan.

hunting,

s.

hurrah!,

interj. ?irtj& (i)ssai!

hurricane,

hf!/}

s.

haht\r dul'^o.

hurried, adj. T-VhA cfkkul. hurry,

s.

^*h"A cikkwwla (ctikkdla

am

§ 7r/

;

§ 8).

in a hurry fl'-fh-Asi^K baciikkola (§ 8) nan. were in a hurry: fl -f h»A If "JV « baciikkold We h^onna. I

:

••

HUE— HUS hurry,

v.i.

142

'f^h°A

cakkwwla

(cc<jkkola).

^lir•.h^ t^dlo dla

VOA, §44a).

(s.v.

Don't hurry:

Hurry up

!

K^^W-Ak

-f A-:

atticakkwtil, pi.

(IAk t^dlo yal

-/V-.-.

pi. -f A-: n/V-r.

1,

-hi.

edlo

valu! o •

hurry, be in a great, kull I

am

(§

6) ala

v.i.

(s.v.

^Vh A ^Vh A ••

VnA,

in a orreat hurry

kul cikkull o

hurry (cause

§

A cikkul

cik-

44a).

^V^A:

:

?i

••

-flfhAsJiAAIp^K cik-

ilallau^. o

o

to), v.t.

hd.m'i afattana (afattana).

Mi\a\d^ aqalattafa. c o ±o o •

Hurry him: K+AT<(.fl^K

aqaltifau, pol.

yaqaltifut, pi. >i4*AT^^k Hurry them: M^Ti-^Oha

AT55^fl>*«

•

^'I'AT^^k

aqaltifut.

aqaltifdccau, pol. ^4*

yaqaltifwdccau,

pi.

i^*l*

AT^^flJ- "

aqaltifwdccau. hurt,

v.i.

(feel painful)

My back

htwaD

dmmama

(§

6Sd,

e).

hurts: %C^^l'-haoim^\\ jaryd^en (loQc)

ammaman. o hurt,

v.t.

(cause pain to)

Maoao asammama.

(injure) 7°^ gwcudda.

Don't hurt him pi.

(it): h^'^9^trDay'i'.

h^fi9^ao'^i'.

attasdmmimau,

attasammimut.

The whip hurts him

(it):

ht\lip'-^ao'9^\\ alanga

yammaual. hurt, be, v.p. (feel pain)

haoaDOh

ammamau

§43a). (injured) i'T"-^ tagwwdda.

husband,

s.

flA bal.

(impers.

!

,

HUS— IF

143

husbandman, s. lfl<2. hush interj. K^ iss

gabar^^e

(-ay-, -ar-).

!,

119°

hut,

zimm o

!

n»^ b5 et.

s.

(rude, temporary) "J^ g^'ojj^o.

hysena {H. crocuta),

jib (jiy;

s. £"'fl

Hypericum gnidicefolium hr"^ amfjja. Hyphaene thebaica (Broun,

§ refers to

I,

pers. pron.

8).

Vocab.

(Guidi,

Cat. 600),

s.

428),

p.

^i^C

cffdr

s.

(§ 8).

paragraphs of the Grammar {Initia Amharica, Part I).

the

?i3t

o2a,

§

fn' e (§ 8, § 1 2a),

generally omitted un-

less emphatic. It is I

hi

:

Y'S

••

•''

in>

o

e nan.

ibex {Capra vali or walie), ice,'

s.

*PA^ wdlya.

fl^Jt barad. o o

n^/^ bdrad^^o

axC^ idea,

s.

s. hfi-ii

wurc

(lit.

(lit.

hail).

frost).

{is(s)db (-dy

;

§ 8).

waswdssa.

idle, adj. fl)ri
>ifl>-^A^^ audaldai (-dal-; -dyy idle, be, if,

conj.

v.i.

(§

hoh^h^ti audaladdala o o o o

81)

'fl-

b(i)-,

(q.v.),

rel.

6;

§ 8).

^

'

pref. to cont.

hl^vri (i)ndah^^on ing cont.,

§

(-daldddal-). (§

48a).

(-dJih-), (q.v.),

+ cont.,

rel.

follow-

+ simp,

perf

or gerund. fl-

If

you

ba-, (q.v.)'

like: -fl^fli.^:

pref to simp, perf

bfttwwdd

(§8).

(§

48a).

»:

ILL— ILL

144

am

If I iii>

not here (there) wait:

e yaln^^or, qwwi,

pi.

If he comes, he buys

...

"fe^

:••

.

?»Ji .

.

s

fl

ATC •"fej&

qwcJyyu.

fl,<wi^:j&7H'PA:: bimdta,

it:

yigazaual.

buy

If he comes, he will

it:

f^oDm-Mf^in.^l

H*PAk yimatandah^^on, yigazaual, (or

immimatandah^on,

"hTrZlfi-- etc.

If they were to bring

it,

?i*^in»«]:

etc.).

we should buy it ^aDOb^i :

yamattut

h'i^lT'i'.h'iinah'.'iaC'ii'.

(§§

7a, 14) fn-

inno^azau ndbbarn. dah^^on, ~o o o o '

If they

had brought

it,

we should have bought

it

flm-^smHVflH:: bamdttut, ba^azzanau. ill,

adj. ;^<^'^ tamdnii.

ill,'

be,

^aoao tammama. o o

v.i.

^

ammamau

haoaooh

See

§

(impers.

63^,

§

43a).

e.

tdmmahal?, pol. ;^#nl
Are you

ill? ;^<^>yA•"

Ph^i-'

amm^o^Sal?

He

(it)

;^^A!•. tammSal, or ^i'^*;^AK Am-

is ill:

m^otal.

He

h^^aoaoT^' altdmmamam, or hfiaD0Dah9° alammamaum. am ill: ;^i^9"^A'VK tamimmyallau^ or ^^?A« (it) is

not

ill:

i-

I

amm^'onfial.

am

I

altdmmamhum, or not ill: Yx^^tro^^ihT* MaoaD^9°i\ alammamannim. o o

I

was

i\

ill

yesterday: to-day I

;^r<^:VnC:Ha..•n•>:V^:•.

bar

He

is

:

am

better: ^A'Jl's

tiMnt tcamimm^^e nab-

zdr^e bagg^^'o (§8) nan.

always

ill

:

flTli'?

••

Vm-

:••

basitafind

(§ 8)

nau.

ILL— IMP

145

How

long have you been

min yahl tammamh ?,

ill?

pol.

9"^.-^Ua-;*'<w»9"0«

...^aoa^n ...tamma-

mu? ill,

Maoao asammama. It will make you ill: ^fi9^aoi^v^ yasammimahal. Something I ate to-day has made me ill: H^s
make,

v.t.

•

••

asdmmamafi. o illness,

s.

flTi;''

basita

fl^A baddala (bad-).

ill-treat, v.t.

14- gdfl

Don't

(§ 8).

a.

him

ill-treat

(it):

^'Thflj^'AoJ-::

attiyaddilau,

pi. -A"V:: -lut.

Don't

ill-treat

pl. -^S^f^ahw

them

M(\^*\'\'ah\\ attivjiddilaccau,

:

-Iwdccau.

tabaddala

ill-treated, be, v.p. i'fl^A

(-ay-, -ad-).

-f'Tj. ta<^aff a.

illuminate,

v.t.

illustration,

s.

^^fl^

l^AA

abdrra

(ayd-).

mfsil.

9"^A^ missdl^e.

immediately, adv. ca^^tD* wwdyau (§8). impartial, adj. ^hlriA tikikkil.

implement,

s.

'*ljt:Ch9

madragya

aofid^ massdrya impolite, adj.

import,

v.t.

OAl

(-rag-).

(-ya).

bdlag^'e (-lag-).

hhaof^ asmatta.

What do

they import?

9°'}'-ytlaD"\f)rii

min

yas-

mattallu?

Do

they import

it?

^haom^^^w

yasmdttutal?

important, adj. ^9^ qum.

An

important matter: ^9^'*ilCi

AM. GR.

(ll)

qum

nagar. 10

IMP— IN

146

importunate,

^h^^h cakcdkka.

adj.

naznazza. o

V'H'i'H

importunate, be,

importune,

impossible!

imprison,

'^'i'ao

hattama.

hi'tro

attama. o o

hCtd assara

v.t.

44a).

*7H^ gfz'^ot

s.

impudent,

^4-C

adj.

!

[lit. it

is not,

(-sar-).

^fid tassara

v.p.

imprisonment,

(-sar-).

(§ 8).

daflfdr (§8).

h^^ ^d(i)f.

s.

(moral) '^xiuh^ (li)atydt in,

§

63c) be],

(§

imprisoned, be,

impurity,

aih'^dnim

interj. h^l}"i9^''-

v.t.

VflA,

lll'ill nizfnniz.

s.

cannot imprint,

(s.v.

VHVH nazannaza.

v.t.

importunity,

cikk dla

v.i. 'H'Yl'-hti

prp. h- ka-

(§ 8).

[-t- ta-].

n- ba-. o

See

§ 4:7a.

In the house: hn.^:

In the grass

i"^C

:

In the water:

He

was killed

kav^-^t

tasdr

:

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

'^a^ylI^! tduhau. o

in battle: nrnO^s'Pi':: bat^orfno O "

nat m^dta.

In half an hour

What in,

come

is

flVh

there in it?

(go),

Come

:

v.i.

A

••

rt'J^ «

9^'i

••

bdkkul o

hiid^

o

min allabbat? o o

10 gabba.

(go) in! •in« giya!, pol.

•7fl'K

-^

sadt.

JE,*7n-::

yfgyu!,

pi.

giyu!

Don't come (go) in! Sgyu!,

h^ndu

pi. >i '1**70' K

attfgya!, pol. hf^ld-n

attfgyu!

IN— INC

147 in, let, v.t.

htllQ asgabba.

Don't

let

him

attasgabba,

take (bring, put),

Take

them

it,

616) in: ^;^ft^^K

§

-bbu, pol. ?i^A7fl*:: aiasgab-

"

bu. in,

(her,

pi. -Or»

v.t.

(bring, put)

-ft-^K

hid agabba.

him

(it)

in:

Mdaha

dgyau,

pi.

-yut.

Don't take

(etc.)

him

(it)

in:

h^lflohn attagyau,

pi. -n-lh:: -yut.

incense,

s.

incense,

v.t.

incline,

Iti^'i

ftdn

(§ 8).

^ft'fe^ asqwcJtta.

(slope) 'l'H+H*l* tazaqazzaqa.

v.i.

H^-'hii ziqq dla incline,

§

44«).

(cause to slope) H+H*!* zaqazzaqa.

v.t.

include,

VflA,

(s.v.

m4*AA

v.t.

taiiallala.

hl(\ agabba.

included, be,

v.p.

i'm+AA

tata(iallala.

in p^dbba. including, prp. hV- kanna- [+V- tanna-,

Land on

§

47a].

including the timber, minerals and water

it: aod.'I'ih'i'iCE^'Pih'if^'i'hpah.h'iahyahii

rket

ma-

kannanc^etu kannadari^Tau kannaiihau. ~»' o o o o o o •

inclusively, adv.

increase, increase,

s.

HT^'AA

'^£'"1^

v.i.

batfqlil.

cimmdri.

tacammara O'OOO

(be increased, v.p.) A' 't'CEbao^ \

(-mar-).

hhti dkkala. o o increase,

v.t.

£0.00^

cdmmara

hdtim aballata o o o •

Increase

it:

fli9"^
(-mar-).

(avd-). ^

•

o

^

cammirau,

pi.

-4-^k -rut.

10—2

«

INC— INF

148

yammaittamman

incredible, adj. ^'^f^^ao'i

(§

14, s.v.

Yxaoh).

This kind of story

incredible: ?i^-?.0:^A:^A:

is

hf^^aolT* s ndih yalla qal aittdmmanim.

KV^

indeed, adv.

(i)nji.

MWi Akwdn tl^ biyya

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

not white, indeed

It is

black:

it is

T*C

••

Van

••

h^^

h*^9^ h^F-fii K tuqiir naunji, naccimm aidal (§ Id). ••

disgraceful

Isn't it

1am? indeed?,

interj.

(

= is

it

Vl^

s.

naunji.

ndihnau?

hind.

PU^Jt

s.

Va>-!?i'>?.K

so?) KiWii'iOhM

Indian, adj. f UT-Jt yahfnd Indian,

ndur aidal-

agwdgwul.

indefinite, adj. h-YY'^

India,

hf^f-ti^^ «

•-

indeed:

It is

(§77).

Vfl>-C

!

'-

(§ 8, s.v. P-, §§

yahindi

rtfl>-

Indian corn [Zea mays),

(§

47a, 70).

Id) sau.

Pfl/hCs'^TiA yabdhir (-aya-)

s.

masflla.

indicate, '

v.t.

indication,

s.

haoMii* amalakkata. o o o o

(symptom)

*^ft;^a)*fe^

industrious, adj. rt^i'? sarratailna

mastauwqya. (sar-, -tail-).

^7- tfgu. industry,

s.

(employment) tl^ (diligence)

infant,

s.

hi^tl ards h^ft-' fcft4'A

infect,

s.

v.t.

tfgdt

(§ 8).

aK" ards

lij.

caqla.

^hmTr hitin infantry,

^p^

sfra.

"hld/i

(§ 8).

igranna

Vh nakka.

(-ran-),

(§ 8).

INF— INO

149 infected, be, v.p.

These

't'lh

tanakka.

cattle are infected with plague: ^Viih-ii^:

fl7I;^!Vh'f';^AK yihan kaft

(S

52a, 8) vasita nak-

t^otal.

infectious, be,

hti^

v.i.

o

o

^A4-Ak ydlfal. not infectious ^^ A¥5^ « a^^dlfim.

It is infectious It is

dllafa.

:

:

inflate, v.t. V4« naffa. o

inform,

v.t.

hti^wP astduwaqa

(-wwq-).

hild^ asradda. o information,

(knowledge) ha^'t'^

s.

(news)

informed, be,

(Dd*

s.

inhabitant,

fli^*^

taqqwdmi

injure,

v.i.

(twq-).

flAIC baldgar (-gar;

s.

inhabited, adj. ti9° lam inherit,

(-wwq-).

taradda. o o

'I'd^

informer,

wwr^e.

auwaqa

v.p. htD'P

&

(odft

t.

v.t. T"-^

iw(ti)qat.

§

52a,

(liim).

wwrrasa. o o

gAvwdda.

Don't injure him -^^:: -dut.

(it)

MT-fio-

:

«

attfgwiidau, pi.

injured, be, v.p. i'*?-^ tagwwdda. injurious, adj.

injurious, injury,

s.

h^

s.

T-^^ gwiiddt

(dark)

Bed inn,

s.

kffu (kdfu, kiifu,

be (become), (wrong)

ink,

8).

n^A

v.i.

h4. kaffa.

badal (badal).

ink: 4»^:+Ai^.-

ttiqur qalam.

qS

tA-h*}^ lukanda.

7C gar

7d).

(§ 8).

T*C.*+A^

inoffensive, adj.

§

(gar).

qalam.

INS— INT

150

insane, adj. "h'd^ ibd (iyd). insanity,

s.

h-fl^^ ibdat

(iyd-, -dat).

h-fl^V^ ibdinnat insect

(iyd-, -nat).

—no general term. (f)nziz (§ 52a, S).

Large buzzing insect: K^TiTiinside, adv.

flflJ-flT

inside, prp.

fl-...

»

bawiist (h- ka-,

'^- ta-)...

ba- (h- ka-,

a>-ftT

flfD-flT

h-...!

i^- ta-, -auti-

ka-

;

§ 8).

wust.

bawiist (va-,

i-t- ta-)...

-fui-; §8).

See Inside the house inside,

s.

:

476.

§

hfl>il'

s

fl^ftT

•-

kay^et wust.

ahliT wust.

insincere, adj. (of persons) insolent, be, (s.v.

v.i.

VnA,

AHH

lazdza.

(D-TT!fl>-TT-*hA wiitit wdtitt §

(§

6) dla

44a).

Don't be insolent; iD-TTsflJ-TTsh^n^s:

wtitit• wii•o

titt dttval.

inspect,

v.t. l^d.'h'd

aod^tw^

instrument,

s.

gwojraggwwra

(-rwgg-).

marammara (marammara).

'^f^CX^ madragya

(-rag-).

aoii^^ massarya (-ya). intelligent, adj. i?*A» c^dlPe. 'flA'/i'?

bilhatanna O O

(-tan-). ^ '

Tflfl^ tibabaiifia (-ivav-, -an-).

h^*k awaqi (and). l^f\9^

interest,

It

s.

is

(on loan)

rasdm

fliAj^ ^valldd (wwl-

not at interest:

Iddimm

didal

(§ 8).

(§ "id).

floiAj?:?"

;

••

§ 8).

^|K.^A « bauwl-

«

INT— INT

151 interfere,

i'^Uti^ tadaballaqa (aya-).

v.i.

tadaballaqa

S. 't'^(\^^

(-aya-).

Don't interfere with him in his work: i'll^ohs h^^'flA4»n^K tasfrau attidddylaqibbat S. ...:

He

him

|ij^nA4»n;''A

(it):

jdddayallaqfbbatal, S. -^fl- -ddayainterior,

47a),

h^f:(\^^a^K ...attiddavdlaqibbat.

interferes with

(it)

(§

(§

47a).

fl>-ftT wiist.

s.

(fattjila). interlace, v.i d.i'fi fattala o o ^ o o ^

'

interlaced, be, v.p. i'd.i^fi tafattala (-fattala). interpret,

&

v.i.

t.

interpreter,

interrupt,

'M'^T^/wi

-A-l-:-.

Don't

(a

let

him

M'T-tvay''.'

it:

attfigg^'Tilau,

pi.

interrupt the work: tl^at'ti

(it)

sfraun inda^aggwul.

taggwwla.

v.p. ^'l^ti

v.t.
intertwined, be, v.p.

fdttala (fattala). i'ii.i'A

h"}"^^ dnjat

intestines, (gen.),

s.

IfJ^

(§

••

tafattala (-fattala). 52a, y).

"h^

h'^ ddiqa.

(-tar-).

-hit.

interrupted, be,

s.

(-tiir-).

proceeding) hl^ti ;iggwwla.

h'iH^t'fii'''

intertwine,

tatardggwwma

hAi'C^*'^ astwrgwdmi

s.

v.t,

v.p.

Don't interrupt

Put

targwiimilliu

47a).

interpreted, be,

intestine,

(tiir-).

me: 'I'CT^J^A^k

Interpret for (to) (§

taraggwwma

•f'd°ao

into a

intoxicated, be,

box

v.i.

:

rth^

§

(fars).

47a).

h^T*}

••

A%*7flfl^ «

sakkara

(-kiir-).

kasdtin dgyau.

INT— ISL

152

introduce,

(bring in)

v.t.

(present)

Introduce

me

hl^f aggananna.

to the Ras: '^^ft •

aggandnnan, invert,

hid agabba.

pol.

.

.

.

^Ti"^^ »

.

.

MTf^ «

tards o

.yaggandnnuil.

lAflm galabbata. ~o o o o

v.t.

'

•

Invert

lA'flm
it:

inverted, adj.

I^HT

gilbit

(-Ivi-,

pi.

-m-^K

-tut.

gilibbit).

inverted, be, v.p. i'ltidm ta^alabbata.

m^ tarra. invited, be, v.p. fm^ tatarra.

invite,

I

v.t.

have been invited (out): 'i'mC'^^ti'^a

tataiic-

cyallau^. irascible, adj. 4>^m« qwtittu.

iron,

'fld^ bfrat (-rat).

s.

matakkwojsa

(flat-) iwt'\io7i

iron,

v.i.

& t.

(linen)

i'Viort

(-tcok-).

takkwwsa (twkkosa).

ironed, be, v.p. (linen) i'i'h-A tatakkwcusa (-twkkosa). irrigation channel

(J^J^),

s.

n^

b^^dT.

irritable, adj.

«f>^/n-

tanddaj

(§ 8).

hT^9^ am^dtdm is

irritable

irritate, v.t.

:

hT*^9°

Don't irritate him

(§ 8).

"lOh «

am^^'otam nau. o

^rt.^ dd,s>et

kwwsakkwwsa

(it): ^;^^l'fe'^fl^

pi. -flV-^K -ttut. s.

••

(provoke) htl'k^ asqwwtta. (prickle) h-rth-rt

island,

fasas.

qwtittu.

-h'T^g-

He

masn^'o.

<w>ftT

(§ 8).

:••

(-scJkkosa).

attasqwwttau,

IT—JEA

153 it,

pers. pron.

nom.

?ifr fssu

§§ 8, 12a; usually omitted unless em-

hCib frsu

phatic.

hCOt, frsod

& ace.

dat.

-ah

-^

-u. -t

-a^ This (that)

is it:

)

after

o, u.

at.

[

§

12c.

)

hft'i'iahii issu

nau.

Italian, adj. f ^A.^ yatalya.

^^ilSY, yatalydni. S.v. f-, §§

Italian,

s.

Italy,

s.

X'HA.^

ivory,

s. *f*'>Jt

"J/l.^J: talydni, pi.

47a, 70.

-T^

-n'^'oc (-cc § 0).

jt^lya.

(l|iid

(lit.

horn).

fHlf'>:+'>Jt yiizoh^^on qand.

§ refers to the

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

jackal,

s.

^^G

jacket,

s.

l-n^'H gfbbigibb.

qabar'^'o (^- qd-, -ya-, -ar-

;

§

52a,

8).

(Eur.) tln^ k"ot.

January, jar,

s.

s.v.

calendar,

(large) "hltli- (i)nsfra.

(small) -f 4^ t^^Ofa.

jasmine {Jasminum floribundiim, Broun, Cat. fli9"nAA tambdlal jaw,

s.

(-balal).

ao'ipp mangdga.

Lower jaw of animals *7'}T'A gfncil. jealous, adj. +V'^? qannataniia (-taii-). :

330),

s.

JEA—JUM jealous,

154

be (become),

He

qanna

get) jealous:

(will

is

v.i. 4**?

(§ 63f?, e).

J&+'?A» yiqanal,

pi.

j&^'i'A'K yiqanallu.

jealousy, jest,

^'^^ qindt

s.

0,^^

s.

(§ 8).

bwdlta.

*PH wdza.

Jew,

hf»ih^

s.

jingle,

aihiid.

W'-W-hti kyu kyu

v.i.

ala

(s.v.

1n^.-h^.-Mkickicc(§6)dla( join,

VflA,

§

„

44a). „

).

(meet) laiao gattama.

v.i.

join, v.i (e.g. splice) ^aiti qattala.

(meet) i'l^'^ tagananfia. joined, be, v.p. 'i'^mti taqattala. joint,

*^aid»f matafya.

s.

(of the body)

joke,

/^C

sir (§ 52a, y).

(lA;^ bwdlta.

s.

*PH wdza.

joy, interj. expressing, hrtjZ, (i)ssai! joy,

^A;^

s.

judge,

dass(i)ta.

(d9"^C

s.

H^ judge,

&

v.i.

judged, be,

wwmbar

ddnna.
t.

fdrrada A-

v.p. 'td.dff.ii^

'td.d^f^tX^

judgment, jug,

s.

juice,

s.

^C)^

'^'}'feC*fe^^ s.

hoc

July,

S.V. s.

la-,

fl-

ba-

fird.

iz.

A^

(liha).

zfllya.

jump (over), v.i. & t. HAA Jump: TiA^K zflal,

47a).

tafarradabbat (unfavourably),

calendar, 11

(§

tafarradallat (favourably).

manqwwrqwwrya.

OhV (w)iiha

jump,

(-bar).

zdllala. pi.

TfAA-K z(lalu.

JUN— KEE

155

Jump Jump

over

it:

onto

Utiliahn zflalau,

it:

TfAAfl^"

pi. -f^^v. -lut.

zilalibbat,

pi.

-/V-fl'Th::

-lubbat. o

June,

S.V.

calendar.

juniper {Juniperus phoenicaea, Guidi, Vocab. Schweinfurth's J. procera), lust, adi.

-^hhA

s.

Tj^

tid

{§

p. 829,

52a,

8).

tikikkil.

(of persons) 'PC-^ : f +T f frdu yilqanna.

He

is

just: 'PC^.:^hhA.•ifl^K firdu tikikkil

fi

8)

nau. o just, adv. (only) 'fl^ bfcca.

txlfjoh (i)ndau K-J-^^fli-

(emphatic)

-(D*

(§ 8).

(i)ndy^ -u

(§ 8).

(q.v.).

State just what you know: h'}i^ih9^:f'ah^ah'i'' -fl^ !

i'T7C

mmittaufujaun (-tiimmttduq-)

antii

:••

bfcca tand":ar. ~ o o

me

Just give C5

it

Just pull

it:

Just there: All right!

mdtt^h justice,

s.

:

hl^ahsdm^'.'' ndau *^ O

sftafi.

O'O

^floH.'M^flj-:: saydu ndau. '^ll.^fl^;•.

I

am

(§

7^)

tazzydu

(§ 8).

just coming:

"h'tC'-oDfii'h:-

issi,

'PCj^ fird.

K §

refers to the

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

Kaiiahia lanlflora (Broun, Cat.

yadfmmat keep,

v.i.

348),

s.

f j^/wj^ 0)+^

wwtat.

(remain)

rtVfl'h *fcf

sanabbata

qwwyya.

(-bat-).

••

.

KEE— KIN

156

Keep here

qwwyy

tazzih

yu keep,

come back:

I

till

iskimata, pi.

'Ml,Us*fe^!?iflh'»l:: ...s*fe^s?tft*l-...

qwwy-

ski-,

mfl4* tabbaqa.

v.t.

come (back): m'd^ahihfitlaomi'-*^ hMl-qut iski-. tabbiqau skimata, pi.

Keep

it

I

till

. .

keepsake,

kerosene, kettle,

key,

s.

Iti^mli mastaudsa

s.

v.p. 'i'm(\^

kept, be,

(

(-aucos-).

tatabbaqa.

aoVd,"^ mahraj.

mdfca.

ao\\^^ makfaca o o

khor

. .

tA9"fl lamba.

s.

OD^^

s.

••

.

J^),

s.

(-fac-). ' ^

St:^ dfffa. a. ^^ faf o

kick,

v.i.

&

Does

t.

it

<w»;^

matta.

kick? ^ao^^'» yimatal?,

f.

^ao^ti^w

ti-

? matallac o

kid,

s.

©mm.

(male)

(female)

kidney,

s.

-fe-n

wajtat^^e.

q^^eb (q^'ey).

W-AA.^ kwuldlit

(§

o2a,

y).

& t. I^A gaddala (gad-). Kill him (it): *7^A(»-k gfdalau, pi. >i^*7^Afl>-K Don't kill him (it)

kill, v.i.

-A-^s: -lut.

attfgdalau,

:

-A-^K

-lut.

killed, be, v.p. H^i-

He

pi.

m^ota.

was killed by a

lion:

n^flA

:

X&

••

Ti- « ban-

vassflii m''6ta.

killed, have, (cause to be),

kind, adj. kind,

s.

^C

v.t.

hhlf^h asgdddala

ciir.

"if^*!^ '"^F^t (-niit).

Of what kind? rii^' minfima?^ p.^-?fl>-»

yetfnfiau?

(§15). (

„

).

(-gad-).

KIN— KNI

157

What kind

^CV^

s.

carfnnat

(kind action) king,

nfgus

^T-/**

s.

mfn-

nau? o

dir o

kindness,

*JftV* : ir">j^C : Vfl^ s dinatu

is it?

(-nat).

(D^ti^' wtilata (-lat-).

536), pi.

(§§ 8,

\l/^'> nagast and

'I'j^^:^- naorastdt.

Where

the king? ^7-/*':P»^!T^id«k| nigiis yet

is

ndccau ? o

What

did the king say?

'i'b/^--9^'i:hti".'.

nigus

min dlu ? o kingdom, kinship,

s.

kinsman,

ao'il/**^ mangist.

s.

11 9" j^*?

s.

zimdinna.

Hao^ zamad. o o m^j^jp wcJndim [prop, brother at'i^o^H^'^'

kiss,

s.

masdm

aofi9°

(mutual) kiss,'

v.t.

§ G)].

massdssd,m

(§ 8).

tasdma

(tas-).

[f ]aiT n.1- (y;l)wwt b> et (y^et). ••

kite {MilvHS regalis, Guidi, Vocab. p. 840),

cpat

s.

T'A^

(§ 8).

klipspringer

knee

also

sdma. o

ftao

s.

(-cc

pi.

(§ 8).

aDfifi9"

kissed, be, v.p. i'^iao

kitchen,

wwndimdm^'oc

;

(-cap),

(

s.

kneel (down),

Oreotragus saltator), T^Afl-lh v.i.

gwiilbat

(-ly-, -iit

(in prayer) rt7^ to,

M ;

sdsa.

o2a, y).

§

tambarakkaka

I^J'^fl^hh

kneel (down), cause

s.

v.t.

(-bar-).

saggada.

}\9°(\^\\\\

ambardkkaka o o o o

(-bar-).

Make knife,

s.

it

kneel down: Ai9"nchh<»«:: ambarkikau. o o

(large)

h^

karra.

(small) iilau santi.

KNO— KUD knock,

v.i.

&

158

t.

matta.

<w>;^

lea* gacca.

Knock mita

knock

before entering: ft^'}s9";^s^^1flK dajjun sattigava.

(against),

Don't

let

'tpea. tagacca.

v.i.

them knock against each other: h^p^Etin

aio:o:dcu.

*I»^TC qwitir (qwdt-).

knot,

s.

knot,

v.t.

know,

^(Tid qwdttara

v.i.

&

t.

ho)'^

(-tar-).

auwaqa

(-wwq-).

know: ^fl^^Al^« auqallau^

I

1 don't

know:

7d).

(§

hAi»-4»l'"K alauqim.

know him (it): ^lfl^«*I'*PAl^•.•• auqauallau^ I don't know him (it) ^Afl^*l'a^9"K alauqaum. Do you know ? ^ah^tiV « tauqallah ? Do you know him (it) ? ;^II^*I''PA0 k tauqauallah ? Do you know them ? ;^a^^^*PAU « tauqaccaualI

:

lah?

A«

Does he know ?

^fl>-J*

Do

^OJ-^A* k yauqallu

they

know

?

yauqal ? ?

you don't know, say so: fl;^a^4».•Ma^4*9"••flA•.5 battauq, alauqfm (§8) bal. knowledge, s. (learning) ^9^[V]C^ t£m(h)frt (§ 8). If

(acquaintance)

known, kopje,

be, v.p. ^^fl)*

s.

"JT

tauwaqa

hoh^^

lw(u)qat.

(-wwq-).

g'^'ot.

(large) h9^(\ c4mba.

kudu

[Strepdceros kudu),

s.

hpWi agazan

(-ziin).

;

LAB— LAK

159

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

§ refers to the

labour,

(work) ft^

s.

sfra.

(workmen) rt^i'^^ sarratannoc -occ

labour,

labourer,

§ 6).

rt^ sarra

v.i. s.

(sar-).

rt^'h? sarratafina

(sJir-,

flA^^ balamwdya

(-aia).

(for fastening) '^fl^^

lace,

s.

lack,

v.t.

hm

lacking, be,

What ladder,

s.

laden, be,

-tan-).

masarya

(-sar-, -yii).

dtta.

^^

v.i.

is

(sar-, -tail-

tatta.

I^ft ^addada. lacking? J^'>:^;I-«1A:: min yittdttal?

<wirtAA masaldl v.p.

i'Tihao

+*^>

(§ 8).

tasakkama

(tiisak-).

tacdna. O o •

lady,

s.

Tiaod't'

(i)mmab^et (-ay>et

iD^nC

wdizar'^o (wSi-, -zar-),

waizdzir [wwi-, -HUC-'t'

My My

;

§ 8).

pi also

aij&H'HC

-zdzir^^'oc (-cc § 6)].

h'^^n fmm^et!

lady (form of address):

lady (form of reference): X'^'fre (i)mm>et^e

(§12«).

Our Lady lag behind,

:

?i<w>ft,;J"^''>:

v.i. *l*^

(i)mmayietdccin.

qarra.

Don't lag behind: h^^Cv.

attfqir,

pi.

h^^^'i-

attlqru. lake,

s.

flrhC

bdhir (-har)

(small) '^JPQ,^ Is

it

;

s.v.

dp.

cfmbwdt

(§ 8).

a lake or a river? ^*7;tAsfl)^!jirh.^AK rag-

t6al wcJi yihddal?

LAM— LAN lamb,

bag

n*7

s.

160 (§

52a,

S).

lame, adj. hlh^i ankdssa.

lame, be (become),

He She

He

will

K'Jhft'i'

s.

*^'fl^^

(§

6Sd,

e).

ankisallac. o

^Vh^A«

get lame:

yanakkisal.

;^Vlfl^A^:•. tanakkisallac.

(i)nkisfnna.

mabrdt

tro-air^^

s.

Mh^A^w

get lame:

will

lameness,

Mhfl andkkasa

?\'}hO,A:-. ankisoal.

lame:

is

She lamp,

lame:

is

v.i.

mdbrya

(-ayr-

;

§ 8).

(-dyr-).

tw^^li maqraz. O A o

Lamp

tA9"fls

oil:

lamba.

Light the lamp: ao'd^'ts'iih'd^ahti mayrdtun dyrau.

Put the lamp out:

iw»'fl^i5'}s?iT4-iD-K

mayratun

dtfau.

The lamp

too high:

is

ryau yartitoal (from lamp-shade, dafia lancet,

s.

*^'fl^^fl^ s

nc^;t A « mdy-

fl^;^).

ftwd^^saoYlfiJi

yamabrdt

(-ayr-)

mak-

(-daii-).

imahX^ maiigya.

s.

Oihdo wcJsf^e.

land,

s.

9"JtC mfdir (mdir). (country)

landslip,

s.

language,

What

<w»C*7

s.

hlC agar (-gar). marg (marg).

^1^ qwanqwa.

your own language? f'ii'i^tlVi^'i^Vi ydnta rdsih qwanqwah mindfn nau? 9^lSt:l hah What language does he speak? 9"'>?s/i*?7^AK is

•'

::

minfiiiia yinnderoraral

lantern,

s.

i-'i-ti

fdnus.

?

;

:

LAR— LAT

161

^A^'

large, adj.

tilliq.

large-boned, adj. ^'AT*^!^ qiltfmam lash,

(stroke)

s.

nC4^^

girfit

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

(whip, small) hti'ip alanga.

If

(whip, large) g-^^P jfrdf

(§ 8).

you do that again you

will

dammed

nd^^ih

get twenty lashes

yadarragh fndah^'^on haa

tis:-

garrafallah. lashes, give (to),

He

v.t.

Idd. garrafa (g^r-).

gave him ten lashes: h/^'C

••

l- «

^

assir jrar~o o

rafau. o

o

Give him ten lashes: h^^Ci*ldd.ahii dssir Oo fffrafau. o o o ^ lashes, receive, v.i. i'ld^ tagarrafa (-gar-).

How many lashes sint tagarraf h o o

<-'

last, adj. 'Xti*!

o

o

last,

v.i.

T
How

n''

:

(-Ian-).

ftid^fOiC'- ydllafa

h9°'i

••

wwr.

amna.

ora. o

long

min yahl lasting, adj.

?

hwaldiina

Last month: Last year

did you receive? tlt^ti'ldWii

X^

will (does) it last? yin'' oral

I'^'J.-^UA.-^T^Ak

?

nw^ri.

late, adj.

'Late'

rendered by such verbs as ^d.R, Hfo be(come) forenoon, <w»?f mdssa (mas-), to be(come) evening, according to the time at which one is speaking thought it was too late: (in the morning) is

fada, to

I

d^f^'n^fiii'(\y^V'^^ rafd^^obbiniial yiyycillaiih, (in

the afternoon) AM. GR.

(ll)

£iD7i'f"fl?A!'fl-

mast'^obbifinal 11

yi-.

LAT— LEA late, be,

162

Hlf zagayya. *feP qwwyya.

v.i.

See Don't be late tizagayyu

is

(it)

h^H7/2,K attizagai,

:

6)

{§

attiqwwyyu

He

§ 63c?, e.

;

pi.

YvVWl^-^ at-

or A^'fe^K attfqwwi,

pi.

h^'fe^w

(§ 6).

not to be late: h^niff^a aizdgai,

pi.

aiqwwi,

pi.

h^ni^ii

or

aizagayyu;

^J&*fe/iK

^^*fe^K aiqwwyyu.

He He He

j&H7^Ak yizagayyal.

will

be

will

not be late

late:

hf^\i1^9°\i aizagayyim.

:

saat two hours late: l^A^••rt^^!'fef » hiilatt o o qwwyya. Why are you late? ft Ai'"'} *fef U k silamfn qwwyyah? is

••

getting late (in the morning):

It's

A.
lirafd nau, (afternoon) (i^oo'^i'iahv. limas nau.

make,

late,

What

aqwwyya.

^*feP

v.t.

made you

(has)

(so) late? S'^Jsh^fefUs:

min

aqwwyyah ? later (on), adv. latrine,

s.

^^V

••

fl^^^A

9"J?:C

?ipl^ laugh,

fl.^

••

bahwdla (bauhaainamdir (-namyasagard

What

s.

^H-H

'^mfl,^ tizaz

/^^^

b^'et (-gar-, y^et).

:

h^^^d^n

matabya

s.

attsdqibbat.

(-ayya).

(§ 8).

sirdt o

(^ \0 8). /

(religious) !h1 higg, pi.

lead,

§ 9cT).

?

Don't laugh at him

s.

;

are you laughing at? ^9^'ii^/**^^Vii lamin

tisiqallah o o i

law,

Id).

"i* sdqa.

v.i.

lavatory,

§

(metal) [hjC^A

(i)rsas.

^hlp^ higgfgat

(§ 8).

'

LEA—LEA

163 lead,

askadit (-ka-, -da).

v.t. htiXhf!^

(an animal)

^fl

sdba

(sdya).

ao^ mdrra.

(guide)

Let him put a halter on wassada

to, v.t. ©rtfi

Where does J&oifl^A:: leaf,

s.

leak,

:

A-flO

-•

(wtJs-).

road lead to? ff^VsaDlrl^s^^: yihe mangad yet yiwwsdal? this

(of tree or book) 4»niA qftal

v.i.

it

labbiv^'o yisdvau.

ftOflaJ-::

lead

and lead

it

(escape)

(§

o2a,

8).

fassasa.

(allow to escape) hd^iift afdssasa.

The water leaks: ahVaht^d^fi^y- wiihau yifasstil. The jar leaks: ?i'>ft^a>-!^
tadasprafa "fZld. "^ oO~o o (taoaddafa). ^ o o o o~o 't'oip tatagga, against, fl)^»- wwda-

v.t.

htitnp astagga.

lean,'

lean,

Lean the box against the

47«).

wall: AT>-'}.-ai^*7j^-*7^i:

htimpohi'. sdtinun wwdagirgidda

Don't lean it against s. TiA^ zillya.

(§

(§

it: h^i'dtnpah-.:

Id) astaggau.

attastdggau.

leap,

leap (over), learn,

v.i.

&

v.i.

&

HAA

t.

zallala.

^H ydza (§ 44c). tiaop lammada. o o o

t.

•^

'i'*nd.

tamdra. o o

^^

hard to learn: ^1^^119^ not be learnt, § 63c).

It is

I

wish to learn ^.^

it: AfcH£»« '^

••

v.

aiyydzim

?i
A^ A'>^ «

(lit. it

can-

lifzau ifaloo o o

o

lia:allau^\

I

want to learn Amharic: h'lC^''fii^9^^ih^L^ ptHhii amarffiiia lildmd ifallisfallau^ o o o o o o~ o

learned, adj.

M'k

awaqi

(aud-).

11—2

«

LEA— LED

164

learned man, learning,

S/di'^ dabtara

{-avt-, -aft-, -tar-),

^r\yfp^ tfm(h)irt (§ 8). v.p. +^H taydza (taid-).

s.

learnt, be, least, at,

s.

(U^^A byans

(s.v. \\hh).

least two: (U^^ftsihA^s^A*::

There are at

byans

hiilatt allu. o

leather, leave,

leave,

s.

^Cfl^

q^'^orbat (-ry-, -at).

^^9: ffqad (§ 8). v.i. & t. [depart (from)] i^W tanassa s.

When do you

h- ka- (^-

<w»^s^i"/AUK mac^e

leave?

ta-).

tin-

nassallah? pol. rwi^:/iV»^A's: mac^^e yinnassallu? pi. (fo^

•

^WA^ih « mac^^e tinnassalldccyuh? (§ Id).

You must

leave this place:

v.t. i'flJ

-MtO ^V*^AO :

o

tawa

(taua).

Leave him

(it)

alone:

Leave him

(it)

here

Leave

:

tazzih tinnassallah. o o

vaoffddi J Oo o leave,

e*7j?:

(pi.) it

as

it

:

'^flJfl^K

tauau.

hH,U i'fDOh v. kazzih tauau. :

was: K'J^VflC

•

i'flJ.^

:••

ndanab-

tauut. bar o o

Leave

it

open:

left

this?

i'ii^-f"-

^^ao*? v. takaft^o yiqqa-

mat. o •

Who

^ViTr-'l'ii't'tDahv.

yihannan

man

? tauau o o

Where

did you leave him

? tauhau o o

—you —

You have

pi.

*'

. . .

this

i' «... taudccihut ? o

out: ^0!+C;1:Ak yfhe qar-

toal.

lectern,

'

s.

Mdil

led, be, v.p.

atr^onis. o

(guided) i'tw^ tamarra. (of

an animal)

yet

o

•••

left

(it)? f^H'-i'dhUohv.

i'fid

tasdba

(tits-,

-dya).

:

LEF— LET

165

&

left, s.

adj. (left

On left,

(to)

be,

v.i.

the

&

hand) *7^

gfra.

left: 0*7^.-

bagra.

p. (over) *l»^ qarra.

(abandoned)

i'i'a)

tatawa

There are twenty-one left: ha^ahdnd (§ 20a) yiqaral. lend,

v.i.

&

t.

Please

hdff^d

abdddara

lend

me some

(ay-,

U^.*rh'}jt.-^4»^AK

-addara).

?inyiU:T*Cs4»A5^!

ink:

q^lam

hflJt^i^K iyakkih tiiqur

hCHao^ irzfmat (-miit), ^OD^ qumat (-miit). What is the length of your rope

length,

ayaddiriiii.

s.

*fc
Lent,

(-aua).

mJP

s.

!

A'J^''

:

lao^-i)--

?

ooo

OqoO

t^^om.

leopard [Felis pardiis), leprosy,

(string)

VoH « yamadih qiimatu sfnti nau? a o s.

V-flC

ndbir

(na-, -yir).

AJ'^T lamt.

s.

Lepus abessinicus {L.

tigrensis),

s.

'?Vl'^

tfncal.

G. '^'>tk cfntal

(-till).

*P''}'TA cfnciil. let, v.t.

(allow)

"Irai

tdwa

Use causative

in

(tdua).

Y\ti-

as-

Will he let you go? yitduhal O o I

will

not

(§

22a)

;

s.v.

VflA,

§

44a.

Al'rh.Jt:^'ha>-'/A:: litthad

?

let

him

(her,

it,

them

§

61&)

come

hMioDttxy^xi alasmattam.

Aren't you going to let us pass? fiA^A4.^ii-: 'IhA

AU K

alasallifdccvuh tiMllah " O o

?

flies wouldn't let me work: 'H^P-f-AiArt^^: hA-K zfmb^'occ alassarrann dlu, or TfJ^fl^.-Ail.: hA^Cls^s zfmb^oc sfra asfattun.

The

?

LET—LTA She

166

not

will

^AA^K

one take

let

alasyfzim

Directing: use the jussive

Let him let, v.t.

come

(it)

:

f.9°^ « yimta.

^h^fPAw

Will he let it?

At how much a month bauwr

«

yakkarayyaual

you

will

let it? (latC'-tll^i

takkarayyauallah ?

sint

fi^^ laqqaqa.

v.i.

Let go let go,

(-kar-).

(them) ? Vh^^AU-.: takkarayydllah ?

it

^h^^'PliV

(them): hMlf»ni9^''

(§ 34).

(on hire) fih^f akkarayya

Will you let

let go,

it

tilallac.

v.t.

A+4'K hqaq!,

!

A+'fcs Ifqaqu

pi.

!

A+4* laqqaqa.

d,^

fatta. o

htild asgdbba.

let in, v.t.

let out, v.t. hll(D^ aswwtta. letter,

^-fl^n,

s.

dabdabb^e

Tell a servant to

(dayd-).

come

to take a letter to the

Eas: h7i\\C'.f^9°m'^^'(\H(U''^^^tl^.?n.(D{l^:^ askar yfmta davdabb^e lards yammiwc<^sd.

^hVlA tikfkkil. o o o Level ground '^•^ m^eda.

level,' adj. o

:

film santa. o level, v.t.

^A^A

daladdala (daladdala).

^ifti'hhA astakakkala. o

Level

it:

o

o

^Aj^A(»-k daldilau,

pi.

-A-^k

^ift'hhViAfl^K astakdklau, pi. level, be,

lever,

s.

v.i.

+hhA

takakkala.

aod/i^^ mafanqaya (of gun)

^;^

qdta.

aoYi^ffi

liana,

s.

/»H dzz^'o

(§

(-aia).

52a,

makfdca 8).

(-fac-).

-lut,

-A*^k

or -lut.

«

!

LIA—LIF

167 'PV wds'^o.

liar, s.

ahS^9^ wttsatdm abai (aya-

^iflj&

liberty,

hCi^

s.

(§ 8).

-dyy

;

arrfnnat

6

§

(-nat).

lice,

infested with, adj. ^'^'{9^

lice,

ova

of,

s.

§ 8).

;

^^9^ qfcam

qimaldm

(§ 8, §

52a,

(§ 8).

8).

lick, v.t. Art lasa.

licked, be, v.p. 'hArt taldsa. I o o '

lid,

s.

'

M-} kidin lie, s.

(-dan-).

{{s).

(untruth) hfi^ assat.

OhTl^

wfsiit (wiis-).

^l'a^^> iblat (M-, -lat).

That

is

a

lie: £D-ff -1* ifl^ k ••

You had

better not

wdsat lies:

tell

(§ 8)

nau.

M"P'fi

••

J& iff

AVA

attudss yissdliihal.

(speak falsely)

lie, v.i.

(recline)

Lie down! lie in wait, life, s.

v.i.

't'''j

*P?f wassii.

taniia (tan-, -na).

i*?-.'-

taniia

(for, v.t.)

Ap-o)^ hfywoit V¥rt nafs

!

pi.

+f k

tanfm

h^fl addbba.

(§ 8).

(nil-, -vs).

MC

(mode of) tfddr (§ 8). He was sentenced to imprisonment for life: n^'^a^:tfo.A-:Je.;^rtC.•'^
yittasar tafarradabbat •'o o lift, v.t.

M^t

Lift

(S

anassa. o

him

(her,

it,

them,

hlu^'-i ansu. lifted,' be,' v.p. r i^V*^ tanassa. o o

§

61&):

^'J'^k ansa, pi.

;

LIG— LIK

168

light, adj. (not

heavy) *I'AA qalldl

(not dark)

Let

sifra yfhun.

bavirhdn light,

(abstract) -nCVt bfrhdn

s.

5lb).

(§ 8, §

in a light place: n-flcyjsft^^s/S.U-'Ja

be

it

(§ 8).

bfrhan

-aC'/'i

(concrete,

e.g.

(§ 8).

a candle) ao'Ulr^^ mabrat §8).

]

<^'fl<5^

There

no

is

light:

'flC'/'J

•

mabrya

(-^yr-).

f A?" k birhdn yallam.

Bring a light: twUl^^'-hT^^Xv^ mayrdt anta light,

Aifl^

Light the

fire

Light a lamp

:

abarra

Id).

(ava-).

Ji^*^ Mj^Jt « isdtun andid. ••

ao'd^^' • h-ii^ k mayrdt dyra.

:

(flash) -flA^P'-'^A billicc dla (s.v. VflA,

v.i.

lightning,

He

(§

(kindle) h'l^f^ anaddada.

v.t.

lighten,

(-avr°'

s.

§

44a).

•ilfi^'V'^ bill f eta.

was struck by lightning:

(it)

bayirdq tamatta,

(s.v.

H-fl^^*

s

i'^ni;*-

:••

fl^^*).

like, adj. h"}^- (i)nda- (-da-).

It is like iron

:

X'J^'fl^^

••

Vfl^ «

ndayirat nau.

It is very like this: h'if!JlV:^in-S!,ir^^''- indaz-

zih yih^dn yih^onal.

There like,

v.i.

&

is

t.

nothing like

(it)

I don't like

Do

you

lahwf? pi.

hf,i^9°v. aiggannim.

iD^ft wojddada.

him

I like

it:

:

hw^'PiV^

:••

i

wwddauallau''.

him (it): 7»AflJ^a>-9"K alwwddaum. him (it)? ^
like

(s.v.

JJ,

(D^), pol.

/^,lD•?.;^A-/^,:•.

yuwddutallwf ?,

^ai'^-;^A'f li-fli^ K tiwojddutallaccyuhwai

like, be, v.t. «n>rtA

What

is it

mdssala (type

A

§

like? ?"'>:^#h»AAA«

?

34).

min

yimdsilal?

LIK— LIT

169

v.i. i^'P^-^ tawaddadu (taua-). They don't Hke each other: hj&*Pft-^9"» aiwwdddadum.

each other,

like

tawcJddada

liked, be, v.p. i'flift^ likely, adj.

Very

'

become.

all likely: hf,U"i9^V'

aih^onim.

likely to rain? ^HT-flA"^:*. yizanyallwf?

it

likeness,

(taucJ-).

to be,

likely: j&lfTA:: yih'^onal.

not at

It is Is

—use

IfV li^ona,

s. 9°lifii

(s.v.

mlsil. o o

1^^A» missal^e. o

limb,

s.

4»AT{r» qfltim

lime,

s.

(fruit) A-'TL l^^Omi (§ 52a, S).

T^

(mineral)

^C^

s.

limit,

v.t. airtV

limp,

v.i.

line,

s.

52a, y).

n''6ra.

darfcca.

limit,

•*

(§

wwssana.

Mhfl andkkasa. o o o

(rank) rtA'h salf

(on paper lion {Felis leo),

(sJilf ).

etc.) aollaoC

kanfar (-amf-,

lisping, adj.

^A

§

-fitr,

§

7c/; §

52a,

52a, §

8).

Id).

y).

ddda.

aoHl'd mdzgab (gay).

Make

a

list

argibbat listen,

(-mar;

hl^fl anbdssa (ambd-, anyd-

s.

lip, s. h'>
list, s.

mdsmar

v.i.

of them:

me

:

hjtC*7n-lh «

mdzgay

7d).

(§

adammata.

(to, v.t.) hff^aoai

Listen to

^iDTii-n

:

h!!:9"a\^ « ddimtafi,

pi.

-m*^ «

-tuii.

little, adj. "^T-Ti tfnnis. -je-*,

-i* -itu (f art.

See It got in

by a

§

little

dadaitu sabba. ~ O o

§

11).

54c, d.

hole: n+^^j&ls : 70 « baqa-

:

LIT—LOA

170

Use

f. dem. pron. (§ 13) Fetch that little book from the house: ^-f^-«OT»i|¥si'fl,^;jiHO.''i'K yaccin matdf tay^et yizah

na.

This

&

little, a, s.

Give

a

little:

little

s

ftm^ k

tfqit sftan.

qwS

tfqit.

n'^^ora.

(get a living, exist)

Where does he

t\f!^d

live?

dddara

(-dar-).

ao^enK^ahi^^i^ahn maq-

qamacau yet nau ? How does he live? X*}^^ ^J^^ A «

nd^^et yddral?

s

liver,

T-fll' giibbat.

s.

living,

s.

H-fiC tidir

lizard,

s.

hlrtiMiJt' (i)nsiMlit

load,

(feci).

tiqit.

T*^

'k^'T^^.-

T^

(reside)

v.i.

:

thing): J&^.- yicc

(little

adv. T«fe^

me

Wait a live,

one

little

s. ?rifl9"

(§ 8).

sakim

(-lit),

often f

(§

o4c).

(sak-).

(animal's) ^P'i^ cfnat (-nat).

The load

is

vazzabbat load,

v.t.

too (^

much

for it: 'V''i^ (\H(i^ v- cinat o '-

•

47a).

(an animal) *^V cana.

(them §61&): «^7« can, pi. «i*-K cdnu. can't load this mule: it is worn out: ^OTr'-

Load I

it

n4'A-:h^^^!hJ^C^•K'l?•'i•Al^K^^h'^*;^A:•. vaql'' o

nd^et

adriffo^^e icinallau'^

load (be laden), cause or allow loaf,

^0

s.

dakim^otal.

?

to, v.t. htl^^'i

ascdna.

dabb^^o.

*fe^ qftta. loaf, v.i. hahZiif^ii

loafer,

s.

loathe, I

audaladdala

hahf!,Mf!* audalddi

v.t.

niA

loathe

(-diiladdal-).

(-dal-,

-dyy

§

talla.

it:

yihan

?imA*PA'V-:: italautillau^

6

;

§ 8).

«

!

LOA— LOO

171

loathsome, adj. X^*? sdyydf (m-

§ 8).

;

'f^A'H qwtilf.

lock,

s.

lock,

v.i.

(be locked,

Does Is

td-

lock?

it

locked?

it

v.p.) 't"k^A, taqwcullafa.

yiqqwwllafal

JK.'feA^-A::

i-fe A^A-J& •/

(§ 63c).

?

taqwwflif6allwf

?

(§63^7,

S.V. atf,).

lock,

v.t. *feA
qwwllafa.

n
Shut

but don't lock

it,

zf«rau,

locust, log,

s.

Upat'-'aD^tdaoV^ti

mac vamafca.

hm^

s.

it:

anbata (amb-, anyd-

§

7d).

*7^J^ gind.

mC'd tarb

(ta-, -ry).

Ma^^ {i)ncyet (-60.^ -cat), daPe (§ 52a, y). flil'fl wwgab (-ay; §

loin,

s. -^A*

52a, y).

long, adj. ^^^9^ rajjim (raj-, -Df9^ -zzim). sfntio Howlonff o is it? XCHz/ni: A^lh Van k oirzfmatu o o ^^ o nau? sfnti nau? or 'ktro'li'.tl'i^i'iahii qiimatu o o o o O t

.-

''

long, adv.

How

ilao'i

zaman.

long did he stay? A**^

s

H<w»'}

:

i'+iwim « sint

zdman tandmmata? O O O^O O'O long

for, v.t. i'troy

tamaniia (-man-).

(D-AflJ-A-'AiAflH wiilliwiill

longing, look,

v.i.

s. *i''h«P'V

(at, v.t.)

nafq"ot

hf ayya

Look! ?»^::iy! Let I

me

(-1,-1),

look at him

want one to look

and lamdiat O O

Look out -+*

:•

dlau

(§§ 4:3a,

44a).

('J'b- nff-).

446).

(§

pi.

(it)

:

at:

h^v. fyul

Mah k Mjt

•'

(|u, lu).

liyau.

A^^f ->

••

?i<«.ApAii-

ifallkrallau^'. O

O

O^

O

(take care)! i'm'J+4*:: tatdnqaq!,

-qaqu

pi.

LOO— LOQ look

for, v.t.

172 d,hl fdllaara. 'h'^'h'd

gwwrdggwwra

Look for him (it)

He

has gone

A.<«.

AT du^^ «

loop,

s.

(e.g.

(for

s.

pi.

-'h^B -gut.

them,

it,

61&):

§

hfd5al.

gwwraggwwra

v.t. 'h'd'h'd

(-rwgg-).

over the village: <w>^^4-^!/i7"C

all

mdndarun

T^Ci''

one (him,

lif^llig

:

Let him look lookout,

d.^KD'ti falligau,

:

to look for

look over (through),

(-roJgg-).

yigwwrgwiir.

customs

official's

hut) ^7^

*^7mAm^

suspending)

g^ojj''^o.

mantaltaya

(-tal-,

-aia).

AA

loose, adj. (slack)

This parcel

too loosely tied: /iO.-?iAC:?i'^AAs

is

vihe o

ViD-K

fsir

o

•^

lil.

o

immilalld nau. o o o

loose(-ned) be (become),

v.i.

The bandage has got sarya

AA

lalla

63d,

(§

e).

loose: '^rt<5^!AA;tA»

ma-

idltoal.

His teeth are loose TCfr i'V^V* « tfrsu tanaqannaqa. O O O loose, get, v.i. (of animate objects) d,^ fatta. s

:

--

(§

52a, y)

'''O

(cease to

The horse got

fit)

loose

wli^ wdllaqa

and went

(wcJl-).

off:

d.dtl-d^^'f"'

« faras fatt^' o hada. d\»Z ' o

The

nail

o

o

^

has got loose: ^^h4-!
wwlqoal.

"h^ fqa.

loot,

s.

loot,

v.i.

&

t.

n^A. zarrafa

(zar-).

(D^^ wcJrrara. o o looted, be, v.p. i'tidd. tazdrrafa (tazar-).

loquacious, adj. 9"Art^ milasanna A¥A<(.

laflafi.°

A^A4.

laflaffa.

(-san-).

LOS—LOV

173 lose, v.t.

hmi'

ataffa.

Don't lose him

^;^T4•a^K attatfau,

(it):

-^^s:

pi.

_

-fut.

Who lost him (it)?

^m4-a>- '^^ Vm- a yataflPau man••

••

nau? o

He

has lost

my

gun: mfl^^^^'Js^im^-'fl^K tayan-

jdyen atafFabbiii

The watch

He

loses: rt^l^ij&Hl^A:: sadtu yizagayyal.

game,

lose a case,

etc., v.i.

have (§

i'd^ taratta

in court:

lost his case

bauwmbar o o I

47«).

(s.v. fl-, §

(tar-).

flaiJ^nC:
fit tardtta. o

o

lost (the

o

game):

'^^^ k tardttahwtifi

614

T-^^ tffat (§ 8). be at a, v.i. ^l^oh caggarau (-giir- impers. be, v.p. m4- taffa. Is he (it) lost"? m^PrtAK tdft6al? (§ GSd).

loss,

s.

loss,

;

lost,

When

was he

yiitaffa

(it) \

/

lost? ao'l-t'iah-.^mi-"- macS, o

(it)

lost? f m^-fl'l* flJ^-^" ••

o

(many) (sors)

-flH-

hm

is

ifl>-

»

ya-

bizu

52a,

(§

/3).

fta.

A lot of people He

nau o

nau? o

tdflfabbat wwd-^et o lot, a, s.

43a).

?

Where was he •

§

:

bizu sdu.

'flH'srtflM

a bad lot: r'^rVb-^aha minamint^e (§8)

nau. o loud, adj. -VA^*

n^A*:jt?"T batilUq

loudly, adv. louse,

s.

tilliq.

4**^^ qfmdl

Ovum

lousy, adj. ^**l'i9^ love,

(§ 8, §

(ova) of louse

s. fl»"j^

^^C

wiidd. ffqir.

52a,

:

qimdldm

(§

8) dimt.

8).

4»«^i^ (§ 8).

q^c^m

(§ 8, §

52a,

S).

«

LOV— LUN love,

174

fl)^^

v.t.

loved, be, v.p. lover,

wwddada.

+ai^R tawwddada

flJ^E" WGjddj (§ 8).

s.

>J^^^ gwcudgwadda

low, adj.

This table

is

Low

country:

*feA!

(§

^

in^

8)

nau.

§

7d).

1-J^^^

=

=

ylhe

V(D- k

qwwUa.

hoh^^i

aurajja.

n;^^ batac (§ 8). flJ^;^^ wwdatdc (§

low, adv.

(-wrgw-

too low: jiO

gayata gwwrgwaddd

8).

hl**i agassa.

low,

v.i.

low

(-er

5Sb), be,

§

^"^^

lower, adj. v.t.

Il^stili ziqq ala

v.i.

It is (too) low:

lower,

(tauoJ-).

Ti+.-^AAs ziqq

VflA,

(s.v.

§ 44rt).

yilal.

taccinna.

(take down) hiodf!^ awoj'rrada (auw-). (incline) If+H*!' zaqazzaqa.

Lower

dutirdau,

it: ^fl>-C^(D-K

H^H^ay-ii zaqziqau, lowered, be,

v.p.

O)^^

pi.

--^^k -dut.

pi. -•fc^r. -qut.

wct^rrada.

(inclined) i'ti^n^ tazaqazzaqa.

lowland, adj. (lowlander, lowlands,

s. *feA

loyal, adj.

luck,

h*^^ dman

(good or bad)

s.

*feA?

s.)

(-nil §

?»Jt

A

6

;

has no luck

lukewarm, lunch,

s.

:

li-fl^

'•

-mai ^7d;

haft).

fiiah9° k haft yallaum.

mfsa.

time

will

lunch be ready? 9"^ nft^^ ••

ftAV-^A:*. mfsti vasfnt sadt

lung,

s.

§ 8).

adj. A-fl labb.

9^fi

What

(-Ian-).

fddil.

(good) Uil^ habt (hayt,

He

qwwlldnna

qwwlla.

^9^(\

samba

(§

52a, y).

yissandddal

?

••

rt^l-

LUP— MAG

175

lupine {Liipinus Termis, Broun, Cat. 117),

gibt-o lurk,

v.i.

^i^fl

s.

*7'flrn

(-fyt-).

addbba.

Lycaon pictus,

takwdla

s. '^1r^'V

(§

8

;

§

52a,

S).

M § refers to the

Mdba

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

abessinica (Broun, Cat. 328),

s.

ftCVbi sfrkuni

(Ag.).

machine,

anWJi makina. o o

s.

tmHoiC mazauwar. o o o

mad,

adj.

ibd

"hiiSt:

(iyd).

Are you mad ? hl^ ^-flj^ iU k ant mad, be (go), v.i. >»fl^ abbada (§ 63c?, e). •

:

maddening,

made,

adj. '^fid'^

is it

made

s.

(fyd-, -diit).

h-flj^i^ ibdfnnat (ivd-,

Saltiana,

maggot,

'^

s.

-niit).

9^^^ middqqwa. S. e'>tt^yansu.

magic,

s.

s.

A

til (§

52a,

hli*^^ t4smat

magician,

s.

fl'-S

?

of? i-riif^d^^xi tamfn yibbaj-

h-fl^^ Jbdat

Madoqua

Id) niih

-aj-).

jal?

madness,

(§

massabbaja.

be, v.p. '^n3^ tabajjii (-ay-,

What

iyd|

8).

(§ 8).

biida.

hh*^-^^ asmatafiila magnificent, adj. *7^9" gfrum.

(-tail-).

:

MAI—MAN maid,

176

A^^l^ij^ lijagaracL

s.

*fe^^ qwwnj'^o, pi. also 'feTE-f'^ qwwnajit'^oc {-cc

§ 6),

htihC askar mail,

'fcVi^jf -f

qwconajdjit-oc (-cc

§

6).

(-kar).

(letters) ^-fl^O.

s.

^

dabdabb^e (dayd-;

§

52a).

(service) tthft^ biista. t;^ft;^ p'^'dsta.

maize {Zea mays),

s.

POACs'^TiA yabdhir

ma-

(-ayd-)

silla.

make,

h(\% abajja

v.t.

(ay-, -aj-).

rt^ sarra (sar-).

make

I can't

this out: ?nv'ii^'^^^h^ah^r^^ yaz-

zlhin ficc alauuqim.

&

male, adj.

s.

(of persons

and animals) (dI^ wwnd.

(of animals)

mallet,

mamma! mamma, man,

s.

interj. (cry s.

(breast)

of child to mother) h'^'l

m-^

(human being) (-CC

(not

(§ 8).

mamca.

iw^^?^

s.

hoh^ aura

tut

(§

rtfl>-

o2a,

sau

imdmma!

^

y).

(§ 8),

pi. rt?*?'

sau^oc

§ 6).

woman)

atlr^

wwnd.

Not always expressed This

man

is

a

liar: j!,V'-ahTl^9^'''i(D-i''

yfhe wiisa-

tdm nau, o manage,

v.t.

rt^ sarra (sar-).

Can't you

manage

it

(get

it

open, shut,

through, etc)? hrO^ihM.'- mbi dlah?

mane,

s.

(of horse, mule, donkey)

(oflion)^4.traffarr^^o.

manger,

s.

ao'il^

manipulate,

v.t.

mdbya

(-|yy-).

^»?f dssa.

in, out,

(s.v.

pi gamma.

VnA).

MAN—MAR

177

manipulated, be,

v.p. ;^?f tdssa.

mantis,

s.

+"15:^ qatdnit, usually

mantle,

s.

hfl

adj.

&

many,

f.

(§

54c).

kabba. pron. 'AH- bfzu

(§

52a,

fi, §

536).

Are there many? 'UllP^'-hdrii bfzwocc allu? Have many people come? '(\]i"-iiahsaDft\i'. bfzu matta sdu o o

map,

?

•

•

yagar

jflC'-^^dPi

s.

thC;»-

(-gar)

sil.

kc-lrta.

March, s.v. calendar, march, s. (stage) ao^vZ"' mannaharya

Forced march; march, mare,

-ka-

§

Id).

Ihlfi-- ffissrasa.

hada

v.i. rfi.^

(-Ti- -^a-,

(had-, h- ed-, -da),

flTf^ bdzra.

s.

rt,^ • d.^.l\ s> et faras. o

o

margin,

-^C dar.

s.

J^rnc dimbar mark,

'

(-biir).

(siffn) o / 9"Alri'V milikkit. \ o o

s.

o

Make

mark on

a

drgibbat

market,

Ifl,^

s.

••

(§

i^Aln''h:Ai.^C'7n'lh» milfkkit

it:

Id).

[l-fl^]

gabya

(-ayy).

S. 7flJ? ji^abaya (-dva-, -aia).

market

fee,

marriage,

s.

s.

married, be, Is

.^AA

rtC*7

dildl (§8).

sarg

v.p. i'pfl

he married?

Is she married?

marrow, marry,

s.

tagabba.

rt,'>

:

>»A "f-(0-

s^et allaccyu?

OAsM^*:: bal

dllat?

agabba.

has married her:

She has married him AM, GR.

•.:

4*AT?° qHtim.

v.t. Jilfl

He

(sixrg).

(ll)

^%'7'fl:f:;^AK agfytwatal. :

h*7'fl;''*PA^K agiytaualliic. 12

MAR— MAT marsh,

178

^*7^*7 ragrag.

s.

caqacaq.

£Ci.(X)>4>

martingale,

marvel,

mason,

1x9^(1^ ••T-tl9° (i)mbya gwiisim.

s.

(-lous, adj.

s.

massacre,

massaged, be,

Massaua,

1^

masticate,

(§

52a,

S).

assa.

^'H

v.p.

tdssa.

9"T

s.

s.

tinziza

:

dabaddaba (davaddava). •\'^(ifj\ tadabaddaba (-dayaddaya).

v.p,

KS

v.t.

^"JJUH

:

i^fl^fl

v.t.

massacred, be,

master,

57b) ^'>4* clinq.

h^tn, an(n)ati.

s.

Mason wasp

massage,

§

v.i.

(-tiiww-).

g^eta.

& t.

31asticate

*fc
it:

qwtorattama.

'kCTaoahi'. qwwrtimau, pol. J&'fcCT

-^K yiqwo^rtimut.

masticated, be,

i'^dmao taqwwrattama.

should be masticated

It

mat,

v.p.

|&*feCm?"

:

yiqqwcJrtam.

:••

^a^3^ daujja.

s.

at^ena.

^I't'i"

match,

s.

Yl'd^^ kibrit

material(s),

sarya matter,

(for

s.

8

;

§

o2a,

8).

working or building) aofi^^ mas-

(-ya).

V7C nagar

(affair)

s.

(-lyr-; §

T-^je.

(-gar).

gwiddai

(gwiid-, giid-;

§ 8).

(pus) iw»*7A magil.

What

the matter with you?

is

9""} U«Vy ••

A«

min

hiinahal ?

matter,

v.i.

4»^CT

It doesn't

:

ITV

qwiirt

h''

matter: ^4»C::

ona.

yfqir,

or *7jt«fA9"!: gidd

yalliim.

What does dadafi

?

it

matter to me? I^^jI^^^k min gdd-

—

MAT—ME A

179 mattress,

mauve,

s.

adj.

f^^Ti f (i)rds. «i7-*^ cagiimma.

May, S.V. calendar, me, pers. pron. -^ -fi (-fin § 6; § 12c). emph. hit iD7en (§ 8 meadow, s. aoMi mask, meal,

s.

(flour) ^'6'>

(food)

d5q>et

(§ 8).

mabil

(-ayi-).

tfo-flA

§

;

(lunch or dinner) lilC gib(i)r

mean, mean,

/**!*»•

adj. (stingy)

hti dla

v.t.

What

(s.v.

does

it

12a).

(giy-).

sissu.

VflA,

§

44a).

mean? '^A*

••

9"'}jtC : Van

mdlatu

:••

nau mindfr ? o o o

We

didn't

mean

to

do

Ai^fti''>:/i^<^*7>:: assd-

it:

adarraffna. sitan oO o o o

meaning,

s.

'^A'T*

mdlat

(-liit).

¥•!• ficc. o

By

all

means = (

9^"}

or

••

H'ld^

::

I agree)

min

:

9^1 ••h4-'^

caor<2:ariin

v.

min

kdffan?,

?

meanwhile, adv. "h^fid iyyaddara (-^C -ddar, -dar-

;

s.v.

A^ft^).

measles,

measure,

s.

s.

hlhti^ti ankalTs

(S 8).

(instrument) aoMl,^ malakkya

(-lak-).

aolid,^^ masfarya (-far-,

not for [s.v.

«1^:— ft'J'HCs— h'Jj^: ^ay-fii for

4^'i's

measure,

v.i.

(be measured,

measure,

v.t.

Ah it:

liquids).

for length,

dry measure.]

v. p.)

+Ah

talakka.

lakka. o

A^d Measure

-yii;

safFara (-far-; not of liquids).

tihahn lakkau,

pi.

AVi-^k lakkut. 12

2

:

MEA—MEN

180

measurement,

likk.

s. Alfl

ft^C

What

of liquids).

measurement?

is its

AY^^ft'}^h•Vfl^« Ifkku o

nau ? o

sinti o o

meat,

slfir (not

f**^ sfga.

s.

medicine,

medium,

ao^yiJV^ madhan^it (-ddhnit

s.

*^WA? mahalanna

adj.

meet,

v.i.

Icaao gattama.

meet,

v.t.

'MVT

Where

will

(-Ian-).

tao:ananna.

you meet me? P»^ ^I'l'f^AU « yet «

tigganannaniiallah ? pol. P*^

••

J&'l*i"*f

ganannunnal? (§§ 12c, 32&). Megaloponerus foetens, s. 11^ gfnda melon, melt,

s.

v.i.

-^fl

a liquid)

melt, (cause to),

menace,

mend,

&

v.i.

t.

v.t. AiOji^

Mend mended,

52a,

menses,

it:

v.t.

Mtiov

aqallata.

hfld,^^ asfararra abajja

(-far-).

(ay-, -aj-).

h'dXah.: ayijjau,

it is

pi. -%^i-' -jjut.

mended,

I will

-aj-).

send

to

it

OOOO

s. f!^9°

you (l.flEyou pol.

'-

:

—

?lAVlA?'^Al^•.: ...ilikilla^dllaui^ O

(S

\«J

7d, '

U7a). / f}

diim.

hf!^^

Mat

hClao^ menstruate,

8).

^^ mwammwa.

hfiitl^Vliihii sibbajj, ilikillihallau^ ...:

yet yig-

v.p.) *l»Am qallata.

be, v.p. i'flK tabajjii (-ay-,

When

(§

?A k

diibba.

(melted, be, (in

Id).

§

v.i.

iro^fmat.

o ~o o ^9"!Vn^''f' dilm ndbbariic (-iicc

^»^*b-'Vfl
For present tense of S. V-f niic (niicc § 0)

;

Vfl
use

'i'^

(

„

nat

for neg. conjug. see

§ 6).

§§

).

(§

136),

39c, 40.

MER— MID

181

merchant,

'ip^ naggddJ'e.

s.

(European) s.

mercy,

9"[/lh]^^ mi(h)rat

s.

kwaja.

\jfi

mercury,

flH.^ baz^eqa. (-riit).

merely, adv. h'i^.^Oh (i)ndyau hly^at- (i)ndau

He

merely

message,

s.

^A

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

?t'>-^.^(D-

left it:

••

qal.

(letter) ^.-fl^O.

(errand)

dabdabb^e

/w»Ah'l*

maldkt

V^^^:j^A••rt'^l^:: yiildkutln s.

aofiYi'l'^

(-ayd-).

(§ 8).

message you

I received (heard) the

messenger,

ndyau tauau.

i'tooH «

(§

(pol.) sent:

62c) qal

malaktdiina (-Ah-

fA

sammau'\

-lik-, -tan-).

Messor harhariis, s. 7'n^:?^'>-^7 gabra (-dvr-) gwiindan (§8;§52«,S). metal, s. no general term. metal, worker in, s. (iron) ^^If-hlfi dabandnsa (daya-). (gold, silver) h'i'V^'^' antra iiiia

metre,

^"trVC m^etr.

s.

metropolitan,

s.

(of all Abyssinia)

awun, ;luun

;

before a

name

The Metropolitan Matthew:

^fl'T-

abun

v.i.

(P^fi c''6ha

micturate,

v.i.

ffV

(§

o

hn->

s

'^-tP'ft

Id).

sdnna. o o

(euphem.)

h<(.A kafFala.

middle, adj. <^(;A?' mahalaiina middle,

s.

(-Ian-),

'^WA mahal.

In the middle

:

n<^(;A

••:

bamahal. o

middle-aged, adj. no-A- miilu (l^A- mflu).

Middle-aged woman:

(ayun,

-h -na). ^

mat^e^'ds.

mew,

(-rail-),

flA't^-- bdlt^et

(§ 8).

••

dyuna

MID— MIN midnight,

s.

182 ?iYhA:A.A.^ ukkul Pelit h\b^'t\,^Jf ukkdla

(§

9d) Pelit

A.^.•^lV^APetdkkul. ao'O,^

At

midnio^ht

:

'•

(\>(ij\r

flVb

A

••

manfaqa o o ^o

A./V.^

l^^elTt.

P elft.

bakkiil

••

hCI-nnd^ irgibgfbat (-iygfyat; midwife, s. h^fi^ awwdldj (auwd- § 8). midriff,

s.

§ 8).

;

midwife, act -ace

migrate,

as,

v.i.

(to, v.t.)

Mti^^

awwalladac (auwa-;

§ 6).

+<^^^ tasSIddada (tas-). (of disposition) IC gar (gar).

v.i.

mild, adj.

Ali-n Ifzzib (iv). military, adj. f fll;^^C

yawwttaddar (-dar

;

s.v. f-, §§

47a,

70).

milk,

s.

iDi'^ watat (wwt-).

milk, v.i

&

t.

hAfl allaba (-ava).

Milk her: ?iAn^::

Have you milked

jlayat.

the cow? A'TL't'JjhA'ny^K idmi-

tun allayhat? (-Ti^ milked, be,

v.p.

;^An^

-xat, -kat).

t§;ilabac (-ava-; -ace

Has this cow been milked ? lam tallayaccwf ? mill,

s.

millet,

(s.v.

S 6).

^-f A?" ;^ Afl^Ji s yicci '-

«

m^).

ffl^^Bb w&jTc^o. s.

*^7iA masflla. o

million, card.

num.

iiD-fshA*? t'^A,P-'>

mdf'o o

milydn

ilf o

(§ 8).

See § 20a. Milvus regalis (Guidi, Vocab. p. 840), s. ^A^ mind, s. A*!! libb (nearest term lit. 'heart'), :

mind,

v.i.

I don't

mind

:

K^

:••

issi.

cfldt

(§ 8).

;

MIN— MIS

183

Never mind

Ji4*C

:

*7jt

have

I

lost it:

it will

:••

yfqir.

f Ajr» K gidd yallam.

:

m4''fl^« taffabbin. o o •

be found

:

'7jt :f Ai^: jZ.l?A::

Never mind, gidd yallam,

yiggannal.

Never mind!

be

(don't

afraid!)

hj&HD:*.

aiz'^oh!,

pol. h^\i9'^"'- diz^^o'^ot!, f hj&HTlK Siz^os!,

^i^y,T•l^« aizodccyiih!

mind,

pi.

7d).

(§

(keep) mfl* tabbaqa.

v.t.

Mind it: (Wd^ahn tdbbi(]au, pi. -'fc^K -qut. Mind them: m-fl^'TflJ-K tabbiqdccau, pi. -^*f^(»-K -qwdccau.

mine, poss. pron. fi yan>e

mine: not mine:

It is

It is

aidal

mineral,

(§

mirror,

filP*.*

nau.

)

pi.

37&)

(§

^->->^ dang^^oc

^'J;i^d^ngai(§8),)

s. <w»fti'
misbehave,

yan>emm

40a).

^'b^ daqiqa

s.

12a).

Ai^^^Ak

^'}^^ dangya,^

s.

S.

minute,

(§ 8, §

fisVfl^:: yiin^e

v.i.

(§

5 2a,

mastauwat

(-cc

§ 6).

S).

(§

8

;

-+
fl^A baddala (bad-),

miscarriage, have

a, v.i.

hlKD^fJ^' aswwrradac

(-iicc § 6).

miscellaneous, adj. A^-'AP' liyyu liyyu.

mischievous, adj. *^7i7ln miisink miser,

s. 'i4-*^

(§ 8).

nffug.

miserable, adj. (of persons)

'^p^^ ciggaranna

(-ran-).

(of objects) •7J^ gim.

misery,

s.

-fpC cfggdr <w»h^

misery, be §

in,

QZd,e).

(§8).

makara (kar-; § 8). v.i. (Xl>)4*« cannaqau

(impers.

§

43a

;

MIS—MIS

184

misfortune,

"f

s.

pC

misgivings, have,

44a

s.v. VflA, §

I

ciggdr

v.i.

(§ 8).

^Cfhtioh qirr alau (impers. QSd,

§

;

constr. with

e),

have misgivings about

this

man:

ba-

fl-

§ (§

43a 47«).

nrtU'rta>-s4'C:

htC^V' bazzih sau qirr dlafi. o o

mislead,

This miss,

v.i.

misleading: ^U••^A;^AK yfhe yassital.

is

&

-i^o

M'i' assdta.

v.t.

(aim)

t.

fi't'

(way) G.

sdta. Y\i\f\'\r

assasdta.

S. ^i^'if' assasdta. o

I (have) -0-

I

missed him

not

miss that chair that was lost: ^sPfli4-a>-!fl)9"nC! ••

^iflA

My

missed, be,

v.p.

VflA,

(s.v.

§

44a).

(§

'i'fi'\r

fire: mfl'}3?P»-*^»nA'fl^::

tayanjd^e

47a).

tasdta

(tas-).

gum.

'h9°

^pn G.

tizz yflannal.

abbala. o o

gun missed

abbalabbin

s.

ya yatafFau wwmbar

:••

?il^n.:KA (i)mbi dla

fire, v.i.

mist,

(-t-h-,

I 3).

^11 J&A? A

miss

O^ih^K sathut

(it):

tigag

(§ 8).

^pn cfgdg

mistake,

s. t\i''\r

mistake,

v.t.

(§ 8).

sitat (-tat).

(inaccuracy) *l^dJ\r gfdfat. G.

hiifi-lr

assasdta. o o

V

S. Mfi-f" assasdta. o

mistake,

make

a, v.i.

f\'\r

(act

by mistake)

sdta. o

•

G. f'M'i' tasasdta

tasasdta (tas-)

S.

-i-fifi'V

G

ht\f\'\r assastita.

V

S.

(tlisas-)

O

O

hhfvV assasdta.

|

f

usually impers.

(§

43a).

A

MIS^MOI

185 (be inaccurate)

by mistake:

it

tasasf'^ofi (S. ^

l^''^:•.

O

o

They took

it

§

34).

tagaddafau (impers.

'^^^
I took

A

gaddafa (type

1^<(.

43rt).

§

-hrtA-f^! [S.t^ft-f-^.]

flirtj?:

tasdsf'on) wassadhut. o o O '

by mistake:

[S.

^irtfli-fo--*

Mdi'oy'i]

^H*^:: assastaii (S. assdstau) ydzut. mistress,

s.

haod^ (i)mmab^et

mistrust,

s.

TC^
mistrust,

v.t.

I

(-ay^^^

5

§ 8).

tirittdri.

tn^axd tarattara

(tarattiira).

mistrust him: ?im^T^*PA'>^:: itarattirau;illau'\ O O O 'O o o •

•

mistrusted, be, v.p. 't'mdmd tatarattara

(-tiirattiira).

gumdmma. day: 7«<^*^ +7 gumammd

misty, adj. 'b*^^

A mix,

misty

••

••

(§8) qan.

'I'A+A qalaqqala.

v.t.

^,flA+ dabdllaqa (davd).

Mix

f^'d^'t'Ohi'. dayli(]au.

it:

Don't mix mixed,

4*a4*A

adj.

mixed, be,

it:

h'>^'nA*l'a>-K attidavliqau. (ijliciqil.

v.p. I'+A'I'A tacjalaciqala.

'^^flA*^ tadaballaqa (-avd-). S.

'^^^A^' tadaballaqa

Take care they ndaiqqaliiqqal

moderate,

mixed:

don't get

for pi. cp.

(sg.

adj. (-ly, adv.)

(-ayd-).

flAh balfkk

§

?»'}^Ji+A4'

o2a). (§ 8).

He who (one that) drinks moderately: m^s balikk viimmitatta. ' o o» o o

modest,

adj.

modest, be,

•

h4-C aftar

v.i.

hd.d

aff'ara (-fiir-).

moist, adj. 'hC'V'n frtib

AHH

•

(§ 8).

lazdza.

O

O

^

(-iy).

'

k

flAhsf*^

MOI—MOR

186

be (become),

moist,

moisten,

v.t.

§

;

QSd,

e).

Vh^ nakkara (nakkara).

Moisten

it

moistened, be, It

^mfl rattaba (-aya

v.i.

:

"Trildat^

nikarau, o o o

»

v.p. 'f'ih^

pi.

-4-^ k -rut.

*-

tandkkara (-nakkara).

ought to have been moistened before we started: '^'}i*^-'j&VhCsVflC:: sanninnassa yinnakkar ndbbar

635).

(§

mole {TaJjKi monastery,

sp.), s.

s.

*hA
ero^Yi^^ Ifi9^

filfal.

manak^dsdt

gadam

(§ 8).

(gad-; §8).

Monday, s. rt^ sanno (sail-). money, s. I'JH'fl ganzab (-ay). -nC birr. o

monk,

aoii^ifi,

s.

malwks^e,

pi.

also /w»AV\W'ft'f

^ ^^^-

kwdkwust^oc (-CC § 6). monkey, s. rn«l t^'dta. monkey-bread (Adansonia digitata, Broun, Cat.

¥C^^

wwr (^' or § 52a, S). Six months: ao'iA^^s manfaq. moon, s. eSLd^ caraqa (§ 8 sometimes month,

s.

(dC

;

;

morass,

s.

65), s.

firtata.

f.

§

54e).

d*ld*l ragrag.

O^^^CL^* caqacaq.

more,

s.

adj.

&

adv. A.A lela

(§ 16).

^'I'P dagm^^o (ddg-).

^T* damm^'o (dam-).

f'^nAT

yitmmibdlt

X'^nAT

(i)mmibalt

^riAT

The

yibalt

(-iy-, -al-; § 14).

„

(

(-jy-, -al-;

§

„

).

o8c).

parts of flAm above are constructed with h- ka-

[i'- ta, § 47rt],

than

(§

58a).

:

!

MOR—M08

187

more? A.A.*7»Ak lela alia? don't want any more ft*TP hfinL^n9° «

Is there

I

d%m^o

••

:

alfalliofim.

That

is

more than

I

want

:

^U

••

flH'fl^

yihe baz-

:*•

zabbin. o

Bring (put) some more:

eaJ^C:*-

cammir,

pi. -4-k

-ru.

Bring some more tea:

More than

cammir.

ten: ;^/*'C•J^flAT: tdssir yiyalt.

yon one, but

I will give

M^

pol.

7f|&!6H.5^C:*. sai

••

hf^a\9'h^0'

I can't give

T

i-n^V

:

^n<\T

^9^ a and isata'' Oc411au'\ tazzfh O O O OO'O

you more ITf Y\ff.^h •

gin aiccdyivalt ^^o o •'O'O'

lafinim. o

moreover, adv. ^*7T* dagm'^o f!jP

d^mm'^0

(dag-).

(dam-).

hll^V ngd^eh. MiD^^ (i)z(z)a'^dyS

(-zdd-; §8), S.

;^^^

h^CV »

ndit

(h-y^^-- nd^^et) dddarh?, pol.

hl^^'h^^v.

ndit

dddaru?,

ndit addardccyuh?

tddya morning,

s.

(§ 8).

'^A^ mdldda

(§ 8).

rp.^ twat.

In the morning

Good morning

(s.v.

tr^,^

:

!

*

twat.

(on meeting) hl^,^

pi. }l'i^^•'h^^^>^1'^h:•^

hfi^iH).

—

(

•*

= good-bye!) f:/h^-V^i: dahnd

wall, pol. A'^'i's/Z.'PA-K dahnayiwdlu!, ^P/V* K

dahna wdlu

Half the morning mortar,

s.

Moslem,

s.

(Mf

&

i>\.

is

gone

:

^^^ A »

buh'^^o.

adj. hftAJ^ fsldm

(§ 8).

rafdSal.

f!A^'

MOS— MOU mosquito,

188

-^^^ tfnin (-Inn

s.

§

6;

§ 8, §

52a, S).

See that there are no mosquitoes in

it:

^iF^ih.'i

OOOO

ftf^xna^.' tfninfi indaih^^onibbat (S 47a). OO^'' •

Catch and

room

the mosquitoes which are in this

kill

flltU

:

:

'

fl.^

:

^^ah'i ^lr% (&HU *7^A
:

zih v^'et yallaun tiniii yizah

(§

:

746) gfdalau.

Mosquitoes are a cause of fever ?"lfl'}J?'VsVfl>-K '

mosquito-net,

s.

tal (zfga).

(-fy-, -at).

(-iy-,

-alt;

s.

('^l^/V-! tahiillu)

58).

§

most, adv. hu-A- kahiillu

moth,

o

mosquito-net; <w>;5^J?
most, adj. hihrt-sfTLnAT kahiillu mibalt

''

dy-,. -ar).

iyau tahiillu sifra ndizzaofsra.

K

"fin^ sfbat

s.

(

shut everywhere: hPiu-si'U-A'.'ft'P^s

it is

M^Wp

(i-ih- tahii-, § 58).

f ^'V^^ yasdtirat

(§

706).

(in clothes) 'flA bil.

See mother,

s.

§

52a,

"h^^ (i)nnat

mother-in-law,

s.

S. (§ 8).

K*^^ amdt

(§ 8).

mottled, adj. 'Wl'hChC zingiirgur.

mould,

s.

mouldy,

(earth) hdSi afar

adj.

'Hp^

mound,

s.

v.i.

mouldy:

"VT g''ot.

(-fiir).

sagdta.

mouldy, be (become), It will get

f 'J-Sjt *

maggaraja.

maggarajaun

See that

moss,

O

M^C ag^obar

(close) the

[if^i::]

••

yaniddd miknydt nau. 00*'0

tinffi

0op^ Lower

^*'>^

:

'Uli^

saggata

(§ 63r/, e).

^Vf*7:i"A:: yisiiggital.

yam-

MOU— MOV

189

mount, v.i. & t. (go upwards) VflA,

§

7i4''fl

•-

hli siqqib (-iy) ala

(s.v.

44a).

(climb) 0)^1 wwtta h- ka-

[i*- ta-, §

47a].

(an animal) f'+^wim taqammata. i'ii'^li

mountain,

(large) Y^d'Q^

s.

(small)

mountainous,

'h^^

k^orabta

(-ayt-).

tardra.

adj. Vl^'fl;^9"

mounted man (mounted

tasdqqala n-ba-(S47a).

k^^orabtam

troops

§

52a,

(-dyt-; S),

s.

§ 8).

<{.^rt'^ fa-

rasaniia (-san-).

mourn,

v.i.

hHi dzzana. (publicly) i'A+rt taldqqasa.

mourning,

mouse,

s.

aoCF' mard^'o.

s.

h^'V

flyit (ait),

usually

f.

(§

54c;

§

52a,

Infested with mice, adj. h^fi\9^s ayitdm

moustache, s. nu9° tim mouth, s. h^ af.

move,

v.i.

rh.^

hada

S).

(dit-;

§ 8).

(tim).

(ha-, h>e-, -da,

§ 7r/).

I^AcDm talauwata. o o o o •

(without changing gen. position)

'l''>*l*^4»rt

taiinasaqqasa.

KM+^+A a

Don't move:

attinqasdqas,

pi.

-'I'rt*::

-qasu. It

has moved from

its

place: i'A^^flHs'/'AflimK

tasifi'du talauwata. o o

o

He's

(it's)

o

f,'i^f^^f^fi{.^.'.

move,

v.t.

o

•

o

not dead, he's

(it's)

moving: hA'T'l'S^:

alm^'otam, yinqasaqqasal.

timai lauwata. o o o •

(heavy objects) d^^^ii fanaqqala. (without changing gen. position) hl^fi^fl

anqasaqqasa.

!

MOV— MUR

190

Don't move

-nb^K

h^AflJ-moHK attilauwtitau, o o o

it:

•

'

pi. *^

-tut.

move away, v.t. ^'fl hf^^l sabb adarraga. Move it away a little: T*fe^ ^-n A»JtClfl>- « sabb ddrigau (drgau § 7d), pi. -t^ -gut. mow, v.t. hGOM^i accada (-cada). ••

s

«

tfqit

:••

Mrs. (Df^nC waizar^o (wwi-,

much,

&

adj.

s.

\m

J^^*^

(§ 8)-

alia ? much ? 'AH* hh s blzu o ^.^ flH* Va>- k bizu nau. is too much O O is much too much: hjf*? 'flH* ViD- «

Is there It

••

••

:

:

It

:

s.

ijjfg yfzu

Id) nau.

(§

mud,

-zar-).

adv. •11 H" bfzu.

^^ cjqa.

Deep mud '^T :

muddle, be in

a, v.i.

s/flA, §

(s.v.

••

mat.

Jt'flA4*A4*:hA diblfqliqq

(diyl-)

ala

44a).

a muddle: j^'AA^'A^'sj&AAk diyliqliqq {§8)ynaL

It is in

muddled, adj. ^'flA^'A^ diblfqliq (diyl-; § 6). muddy, adj. (of roads) '^^ ciqa (cp. § 575). (of liquids) J^^Cft dffris.

mule,

s. fl4*rt"

baql'^o, pi. also hfl4>^A^ abaqwilt (ayd-, -4'- -qi-,

-qwii-,

-A-f 'f

-It^

oc

;

-cc

§ 6).

Riding mule: fViC^-'fl^'A": yak''orlccayaql'^o(§7^). Baggage mule: ^i^Af|!fl4*A"s agdssis yaql^o. mule, interj. to urge a, od*^ mace (miicc). !

to stop

muleteer,

munch, murder,

murder,

s.

&

v.i. s.

fl4'/t"^ t.

&

t.

baql"6nna.

•fe
#wi*7^A

v.i.

it, ?i7i iss

qwwrdttama.

magdal

(-dal).

7^A gdddala

(gad-).

;

MUR— MYR

191

murdered, be,

ba...

v.p. fl-...! h'j^i'Pi'

He

was (has been) murdered basau ijj m^'dta. O"" o O O

murderer,

iHf* gaddi (gad-; -dyy

s.

6

§

ijj m'^'ota.

(\iiah

:

;

s

?%£•

••

'Pi' a

§ 8).

Musa Ensete (Broun, Cat. 559), s. txlh^ (|)iisat (-sat). Musa scvpientlum (Broun, ib.), s. a^m muz (§ 52a, 8). muscle,

/**p sfga (prop, flesh

s.

muscular, adj. (strong)

:

biceps),

s.v.

T^ An;^9"

gwulbatdm

(-Iva-, -at-

§«) T^Afli'?

o^wiilbataiiiia o o o

^

(-Iva-, ^

•

o

'

-iitau-).

mushroom, s. 'i\l'hf\^ (i)nguddi (§ musk, s. TlOj^ zfbdd (-fvd- § 8).

8, §

52a,

S).

;

TC^ musketry,

tfrfn (-nfi

s. ip\\t\

must,

6

;

§ 8).

tuks.

*JA'^:'|Jhft

muslin,

§

alamd

(§

8) tuks.

s. 'H'^ sjis.

v.i.

— use the juss.

He must

go:

(§

27)

and imp.

f*7.«i---je.rh.^A::

(§

28):

—also:

yiigidd yihadal.

must be taken away: *I»^CT Va>- ?i'^fljrtj^ k qwtirti nau mmiwwcJssad. X o o o o They must have gone: rh.^(»- ^If'TA k hfdau yiIt

•

•

•

••

h^^onal

mustard,

s.

(s.v. If V).

rtT'h*?' sanafic.

h'^^ fimmdc

mutineer,

s.

mutiny,

s.

hao'V amat.

mutiny,

v.i.

haooi timmata.

The troops taddiir

mutton,

(§

s. f fl*7

s

my, poss. pron. myrrh,

s.

(§ 8).

hCfl.

(have) mutinied: (Di^fjl'haoaxw wwt-

52a) <4mmata.

f^p yiibag -5'e,

-f

karb>e

(-aya-) sfga.

-yii (->a), -P»

(kar-, -ry>e).

-ye

(-^e), (§ I2b).

NAI— NAP

192

N § refevB to the

nail,

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

(unguis) T*bC

s.

52a,y).

tffir (§

(metal) '^'iUC cinkdr

naked,

^*^

adj.

raqut

am naked:

I

(§

52a,

(§ 8, §

8).

56d) with pers.

^'fc't'Jsi^K raqut^^en

namda (Hindustani

\S^),

suff. (§ 12b).

(§

nan.

8)

s.

aoCH^ marasdt

(for riding animals)

(maras-;

§ 8)-

9^^ mfccu. o aoao^ mammaca. o o (for

transport animals)

riL^*

t^eq.

Jt-n^-n

dibdab (dfyday

aofifi^fii

name,

madalddil.

ft?" sim.

s.

What

is

your name?

tl^^V'-llf-^ahi:

slmih

man

nau? o

What What name,

v.t.

is

^-^

his

is its

name? name?

fttfo-

be, v.p.

A man

s

'^'J

Voh « simu o

j

§

man nau? o

min yibbdlal?

9"'J.-je.nAA::

hi\ ala (s.v. VflA,

hrtT

named,

§ 8).

44a).

assafifia.

tabala

'I'flA

(-ayd-).

named Warrata atd^ :

mmibbdl sau. o O Nanotragus Ileinjyrichianus,

•*

X'^fl A • fiah

••

war-

rata o

s.

9^fi^

napkin,

s.

aoihd'fl

middqqwa.

nrP

S.

yansu.

maluirrab (-ay)

aotU^*^^^

maharramya

S. \aolf'i,l\

mdndi

1

|

(-rS,m-)

(§ 8).

j

(prop, liandkerchief).

:

NAK— NEA

193 narrate,

v.t.

i'dh tarraka

(tar-).

tabbab {-dy § 8). tabbaba (ava). narrow, be, v.i. narrow (narrower), make, v.t. ^» mflfl atabbaba (-ava). The buttonhole is too wide; make it a little narrow, adj.

mfl'fl

;

mflfl

f^^^

narrower: yaqwiilf

qaddda

'•

4*^^

saffi

rt<(.:

••

nau

nasty, adj. R^'P sayyaf (m- ta-; native,

flAlC baldgar (-gar;

s.

;

Vfl^ « ^T'flflfl^sT«fe^K

dtyiyau

tf qit.

§ 8).

52a,

§

S).

Use hlC agar (-gar), country: The soldiers will not be quartered on the natives wwttdddar

(D^f.C'(\lC'i'Ad''h^l(\9^'.i

yagar

7a, 47a) tasari

(§§

s.

h9"0 amb^o.

nature,

s.

(character) (\ihd bahri (bhdri

nature, relieve, '

v.i.

'

s.

ti'mc^

§

7d).

Md'-atf^ oidddri wwtta.

mdsink

adj. '^Ti'JVl

nauseous, adj. 5^^^ s^yy^f navel,

52a, S)

aigdyam.

natron,

naughty,

(§

(§ 8).

(ni- td-

;

§ 8).

(f)nbirt (-mb-, -nyi-,

§

7d).

T-'flC giibbir.

&

near, adj. Is

he

adv. ^C'tt qirb

(it)

(-ry).

near? W-fl Vah k qjryi ••

near, prp. h- [+-]...:

Near me:

4»C'fl

•ti.i^C'ili

It is not to

ka-

(ta-)...

(§

7d)

nau?

qirb (-ry;

§

475).

tan>e qirv.

be near the tent:

i'j!:'iy\'h'-^C'n'-h^

tadunkwdnu qirv aihun. Hang it near the ground if it falls ih'ii'

:

fall)

:

ai^iwkJ.^ :

wwdamar^et near (nearer), be, It

McdV

•

(ll)

not far

(to

A*Ai»- T Hat^^ ^^Cfl Ak •

dqirviih siqalau: biwwdiq, yiqarval.

v.i.

+^fl qarraba (-aya).

ought to have been near(er): qary nabbiir.

AM. GR,

it is

^4»C'fl'*VflCK yi-

13

NEA— NEE

194

near (nearer), bring (place, put), v.t. ?»+^^fl aqarraba(-ava).

Bring

it

h^Cdahn

near(er):

dqiryau,

pi.

-fh^K-yut.

nearer, (one), the, dem. pron. [f ]ai-?.U?a>« yawwdihffiiiau (-dih-;

nearly, adv.

§ 8, §

^UA

ISa).

y^hil (yahl).

Nearly 100: ao-f-s^V^'- mat^'o yahl.

He

nearly died: A.^T^iVnC::

It is nearly finished

m^i'?

neat, adj. neat, be,

m¥

v.i.

neat, render,

neatness,

v.t.

nabbar.

A^^A^'jVid-k lialq nau.

:

taffitaiina (-tan-).

hti talF ala

••

(s.v.

VflA,

§

44a).

m^-*Kft
m^^'

s.

lim^^ dt

taffita.

necessary, adj. 4>^CT qwiirt.

yammisa (§ 14, s.v. Tf). Is this necessary? No, we will leave it behind: ^Ost^CTsiflJ-K— K^^AJ^siR+^AK yihe qwiirti f '^'S

(§

7d) nau?

—aidallam, yiqaral.

It is necessary

^?f

:

A

It is necessary to life

wwt necessity,

neck,

s.

neck-tie,

'

need,

I I

s.

s. s.

:

yisdl.

filh^a)^

••

^C*?

••

^Oh

:•.

lahiy-

qwtirti nau. *7jt gidd.

hll^

necklace,

•••.

angat

^d

(-gat).

dfri.

1i"(\

mdtab o

(-av). • ' ^

o

v.t. d^lil falla<»a.

^IdOh caggarau (-gar-; impers. §43a). need it: ?i-5^K alfalligaum. o'^ o o

Do you need

it? ^
J^,<(.A7•;^AK yifalligutal

I was hungry,

I

<{.A*7U«K irv^'oii

?

needed food: XCO^-'iflCraD'flAs ndbbar, mavil fdllaghii.

;

NEE— NEW

195

needed, be,

s.

neglect,

o

o

o

o

not needed: |&4»C« yfqir

It is

needle,

v.p. '^<<.A^ tafallaara. ~ i

aoC^ marf^e

v.t.

^A

•

(s.v. *l»^).

(mar-),

hii A- call dla

la-.

••

S. "^A.-^A.-A-cillaalala-. o o

VnA,

o

§ 44a § 47a. Don't neglect your work: Aft^U ^ A Ai^fl A lasirdh call attjfval, pi. Aft^^l^:^A.•^^nA•:: lasirdccyuh (§ 7c?) call attiyalu.

s.v.

;

••

••

negligence,

s.

^A;^

:••

callita.

negligent, adj. -FA'h? callitaiina (-tan-).

negro

(-gress),

T*C--rta>- tuqiir

s.

T*C

(§

8) sau.

tiiqur.

fi'i^/i sanqflla.

neigh,

v.i.

hiihh askakka.

neighbour,

s.

-J^n.^ g''(5rab>'et (-ay>et

nervous, adj. f^lp'^ dahgdc (danf!jip"\

dangStta

(timid) d,d fari nest, net,

rt.-^

s.

s.

;

;

§§ 8,

52a,

S).

§ 8).

(diin-).

(fari).

b^et.

(fishing) ao^'H

mdrab

(-ay).

nettle (Urtlca urens or simensis, Guidi, Vocab. pp. 149, 150), s. fin s§;mma (§52a, 8).

%ul.

neutral, adj. AiT-A

never, adv. JP'^r:fl,lf>:

neg. verb

He

will

nimm o

(§

minimm bih^dn

8)

with

9°'i9°'-(l,lJ"i:he»aDni9°:i

mi-

(bfh-

§

;

38).

never come:

bih'^dn aimatam. o O O •

new, adj. h^ti addis. news,

s,

a)& wwr^e.

Good news §8).

:

l^A^^ •

missfrdc (f ?"- yami-

V

;

-cc

13—2

§

6

;

NEW— NIP newspaper,

196 ^H.;^ gazJ'eta.

s.

next, adj. (coming) (DfJ^ wwdanfia (-dan-). ^*n.aDn\

yammimata (s.v.

f-, §§

14,62).

mail: fliD^?i;^ft;^.- bauwdanna p^osta.

By next

Next Tuesday:

yammimata mak-

f'T^rwi^.-'^hrt^:

safino.

On Tuesday

next: (^'Xaotn-'^Ylii^i

bammimdta

maksaiino. o nibble,

&

pa\ g^ta. f^l dagg (dagg).

v.i.

nice, adj.

t.

'^^d>^ malafya. night,

s.

tSfdJt PelTt.

A.^

iJ^et.

_

Good-night:

j&^4-K dahnaidaru,

This night:

pi. ^'h'i '"hf/^v^

*i1

:

i

A»A.^

^'i"J^ V A.A.^ Lastnii^ht: c? •

We w

ill

pol.

R'^'?*

dahnaidaru.

H<2..-A.A.^s zar^e Pellt.

To-morrow night night, pass the,

dahnSidar,

^1rT.-?i^C::

v.i.

h^^

••

'•

naga

l^elft.

tinantina o o

l^^elit.

addara.

pass the night here

:

hH,U

••

M^^tit k

kaz-

zfh innadrallan. o o

The place we passed the night yaddarnibbat

(§§ 14,

47a)

at

:

f^Cid^'-ll^^s

sifra.

(from) the place we passed the night at: ;^^C'Jn^!ft¥^! taddarnibbat (§ 62c) sifra.

At Nile,

(Blue)

s.

hd^

flbbS

(§ 8).

(White) ^*P':hn^ nacc abbSi. nine, card.

num.

Hm^

nineteen, card. num. §

v.t.

h^^

••

§

;

20a).

Hai^ asrazdtafi (-zatan

20a).

num. Hm'i" zatdna *fcVflim qwwnattata

ninety, card. nip,

^^tl^^ (zataft

(zat-

;

§ 8, §

20a).

—

nit,

s.

s.

m-^

tut

(§

*«*9" q|cam

Infested with nitre,

s.

52a,

(§ 8, §

;

NIP— NOI

197 nipple,

—

y).

52a,

S).

^'^'^9^ qicdmdm

nits, adj.

[f ]6R.id- fl<-Jt (ya)cau

(§ 8).

47a, 70)

(s.v. P-, §§

:

bdrud

(ya-).

no, adv.

(denying) hf^P'ti9° aidalliim (ad-, -dal-

-mm

;

§ 6).

MWi nkwdn (§8).

(denying or declining)

(refusing) hJPfl, (f)mbi (-bi).

emphatically) Md,d^ asaffarafi (-faran

(refiising

-fin § 6).

No, not yet: h/i^A9"rTr:Vm-:: I

aidalliim,

gdna nau.

said *No': hf^F'^r'^'h^^h^i'. aiddlliimm dlhufi

fil4

(§

Do

you want it?— No,

^^ATPAUk

I don't:

gauallah ?—?!'>»?.'> r^AiCA^r

Give

it

to me.

—No,

-.'•

tifalli-

Akwan, alfdlligim.

I won't: iKii^a sftaii.

h9"(l^i

hArtTjr»:: mbi, alsdtim. o -o o

After a neg. question hatTr

dwwn ( = it

may be used where we say Has he come? — No: aomi-'

is

as

—h^P'^9^i'.

aidalliim. o

Hasn't he

come?— No:

mattam?

you

say)

'no'.

AiA/n»^{P»::

mdtta?

— h^^^AJ^:-.

al-

— aidallam, or (more commonly) hmli'

dwwn.

nobody, indef pron. *^^ir» mdnnim (-mm neg. verb (§ S7d).

Nobody

is

to speak:

*l'i9^

s

§

6

h^'^lCn

§

;

mdnnimm

ainndo^ar. ~o O

noise,

s.

j^i^T dimt. (continuous)

fiKfeTi^

cuhat (-hat

§

16) with

7^).

:

NOI—NOT

198

That noise must stop ^0 OfeTi^ •

:

zimm O

ciihat O

It

noise,

••

make

h'J-?. A

Ak

yfhe

yfval. 0* o

i*

must be fixed 119°

Ti?" : ^(1

:

:

zimm

^;^rtC K

indfl yittdsar.

animate objects)

(of

a, v.i.

makes no noise

(tied) so that it

h'i\\>\

ankwdk-

kwa. (of inanimate

objects)

'i'Tfy\y\

tan-

kwdkkwa.

make a

Don't

noise

h;^7V^V^ « attankwakwa.

:

makes a noise (e.g. a creaking table) ?'^'i\\\\-''h^'- yamminkwakkwd qa (§ 8). nomad herdsman, s. HA^ zalldn (§8), Furniture, etc. that :

nonsense!,

hd*^ arag! (araag;

interj.

7d).

§

aih^^dnim! hf^\n9°v, r' O O

nonsense,

noon,

s.

'PH wdza.

+^C

s.

qatirr.

JiVbA-'+'J ikkiil (ukk-) qan.

TiVhA:*^ ikkiila

At noon:

(iikk-;

§

9r/)

qan.

'^V^A!*^'^s takkiil qan.

noon, pass (halt

for,

We will halt

JLi),

v.i.

'PA wdla.

here for noon: hli.UsK'Jm-AA^K kaz-

inniwilallan. zih o o o o

The

village

eCs •^ north,

s.

we halted

at for

noon

f
fl^ ao'i ••

:

yawalnibbat mandar. o o o o

«'

hi,! sfm^^en

(§ 8).

*7^ gfra. nose, '

s.

nostril,

h^l^^

afinca. o •

s.

^^I'^'-^^fi yaffnca qadada

(§

52a,

y).

not, adv. ao'^ mac.

See negative conjugation

Not

this: ao^tlitbii

mac

issii.

(§

37,

§

38).

NOT— NOT

199

He He He He He He

ao^ « matta. o

(it) \

came

(it)

did not come: ^A<w»«lJ'"« almattam.

/

:

•

•

hungry ^doh « rdyau (§§ 43a, 63c?). (it) is not hungry: h^(\ah9":i arr^yaum (§ is to go J&rkijt « yihid. is not to go h^tK.^ » ^jhid. (it) is

:

7c).

:

:

We drink: We do not

Mm'nA^::

inntattalliin. O

•

o

•

•

drink: h'im''}9^'A anntattam.

we drink 'fl'Jm^ binntatta. o o If we do not drink: fl^m"]! banntatta.

If

••

:

•

.

We shall

•

not drink anything: 9°'i9°ih'i(n^K mi-

nimm anntatta. .Q O One came: h'i^'i 0Df*l and matta. o One did not come: h'}K:shfiiiiDfl9°ii and •

•

•

•

almdto •

tarn.

Not one came not,

he

is

•-

h^aofl n jindimm almdtta. o o • •

hjE-^Al^ aidallam (ad-, -dal-

(it) is, v.i.

This

hTf^'9"

:

not mine:

/iU.- fX:Aije,/?.Ai^::

;

§

40).

yfhe yan^e

aidallam.

If

hf l^:Ai|Z./^A:: kffumm didal (§ 376). right, tell me Ah h'J^^^A '}ld^ »

not bad

It is

it is

noj^

:

••

:

:

likk indaidal, nierarafi. oO o o o '

This

is

not what I told you: /Z.UVJiT'iAiAAiMJK

yihannanimm alalhuh. o o This is not what I want: yihimm (yihiimm) didall *>

notable, note,

s.

s.

'J/iVf'?

ainatanna

(letter) ^-fl^n,

I will

make a

JiU9":hj2,^A.?iJ^<«.A'7s (§

(-nataii-).

dabdabb^'e (dayd-).

(mental) note of

astaulauallau^. o o o

note-book,

s.

6) immifallig.

^¥+C

daftar

(-tar).

it

:

hili'ahii'Pii'h «

NOT— NUR

200

minim (-mm

nothing, indef. pron. 9^'i9"

verb

(§

6)

§

with neg.

16).

mfnimm yalla. minimm aldyyau^

It (there) is nothing: J^'J^'.-fA-.:

saw nothing:

I

9^'i9°'-h'i^ihi'

(§ Id).

They struck him ndyau mattut. notice,

v.i.

"

&

for nothing:

"ht^^ahiao'P^ii

(-taud-). hll't^li astawdla o ^ o o

t.

'

i'aDMl'f tamalakkata. o o o o o I didn't notice (him, her,

it,

them,

§

616)

:

^Afti-'PA

0'9^» alastaualhum, or h^'t'ootih^ibV^n altamao o o '

lakkathum o o nourish,

v.t.

^

-6-, S 3). /

aold maggaba (aya).

nourished, be,

November,

not

(-t-h-,'

v.p.

s.v.

•faoid tamaggaba

(-aya).

calendar,

now, adv. hih'} ahun (-hwn). (after this) Tx'i'l^V (Dngd^eh.

numbed,

be, v.p. fl^i

baddana (bad-;

My hands are numbed

:

§

6Sd,e).

?»£* flj^l Ifi s '-

ij j^^e (§

52a,y)

vadinn h^dna. O o •

'^TC

number,

s.

Numida

mitrata,

numnah,

s.

nun,

qwftir s.

£'*7^ jfgra

o2a,

8).

malcJksye, pi. also ^mAViVf-ft-f

kwust^^ocVcc s.

(§

see namda.

s. ontiYifi,

nurse,

(-wtit-).

§ 6).

'P^lt'^ m^'dgzit.

^

malakwa-

?

OBE— OCT

201

paragraphs of the Graramar {Initia Amharica, Part I).

§ refers to the

obese, adj. l4-4- gafdfa.

obese, be,

obey,

v.i.

v.i.

&

^d,^'-hti g^dfaff ala

^HH

t.

(s.v.

VflA,

§

tazzaza (with ace. or A- la-

i"lH tagazza (A- laKlL-'hti issi

(-si)

44a). §

47a).

47a).

§

dla

(s.v.

VflA,

§

44a).

A bdj jii (baj-) ala ( „ ). „ Did he obey you? ;^HHU•.•• tazzaziih? Does he obey you? ^;^H'HA'/A:: yittazzazillihal He refused to obey AiArt'^i^-'AiA« alsdmamm dla. o o You must obey him ;^H1f A'*h k tdzazillat, pi. ;^H fljE:

•'

A»

:

•/

:

frA'^K tdzazullat. o o observe,

&

v.i.

i'lroiiM tamaldkkata. o o o o o

t.

hhi'^Pti astawdla (taud-). o o o

'

\

obstinate, adj. ^Yllf'U cakcdkka.

obstinate, be,

obtain, I

v.t.

v.i.

"^tl'-hii

cikk dla

ifallior{illau'\ laaraiiii o oO o o o obtained, be, v.p. i'ly tagannit

Where can gafmal? obvious, adj.

ocean,

it

(§

44a; § 6Sd,e).

61&): 'il^i'hd.^pfi'hi''

(-gaii-).

yig-

(P'uq).

the eye) ^J&^ ti(y)iyyu.

UU gjz^e,

s. fl>-*fe^Tft

s.v.

§

63c).

pi.

also

%ny^

gjzydt

(§ 8).

wtiqydn''os.

Indian Ocean: f U'}jt October,

§

be obtained? f-'"h!|il?AK yet

hoK^ ^wuq (to

s.

VflA,

tiiy aganfia (-gan-).

want to obtain one (some

occasion,

(s.v.

calendar.

••

a>-*fe^TA

•

yahind wuqydn^^os.

!

!

ODI— OFF

202

Oclina fruticosa, (Broun, Cat. 113),

s.

h9^(i^^ ambdlta

(-bai-). of,

prp. P- ya-. h-

['^-]

ka-

(ta-).

See

§§ 4:1a, 70.

The door of the house: fn.^-*^£'s yav^et dajj. The depth of the water: Pfl)-'/!TA4»: yauhd tilq. one of these

It is

+5iU

:

s

M^

-

ifl>-

s*-

tannlh dndi

nau. o

He off,

died of poison X

daoCH

:

adv. hH,U kazzih (ha-,

••

!

a long way

It's

'Pi' b

-az-, -zfh

i'H,U tazzih (taz-, -zfh

Be off V Au^ K

•

na-hid

!

m^ota. bamarz o o o

§ 8).

;

§ 8).

;

(§8), pi. V-

:

rh.^ «

nu hf du

i'JtU.*?i^4':i(D-« tazzih iriiq

off:

nau. off,

prp. h-

Take

['^-]

it

ka- (ta-;

off the

47a).

§

mule

:

+ft4»A"a>- h'i'tah « ••

tavaql^ou

dnsau.

Where §

off,

be,

?

P'^-^nAOK yet yilah?

(§

44a,

656).

v.i.

Be

are you off to

fl)7^

off!

wwggada.

a)*!!!::',

wwgid!, f

ai*7jfs:

wwgij!

pi. flj*7.^»

w&jo^idu offal,

s.

offence,

TJ'^'fl tirab. s.

^(fuh^ hdtyat

n^A

(at-

;

§ 8).

badiil.

office, s. (official

building)

A»^flfl/Z,

^A-^ officer,

s.

'&9^

sum,

pi.

h9^(\^ ambal

addabdbai

cfl^ot

(§ 8).

also Yh^iy^^ sumdmit. (-bal).

(-aydyai).

!

OH— ONE

203

oh !,

interj. (of surprise)

hd dra

(surprise, admiration) Km-'fl itub!

tudy

(-y,

ha-

!).

(surprise, contempt, disbelief) hd'^ arag! (araaar!). oil, s.

iif,^ zeit.

qibanug

^(\:'h1 old, adj.

hC%

(-iyd-).

ar^^OgJ^e.

(of persons) 7i'^*7A. simagfl(l)ye.

old,

be (become),

How

v.i.

^a4»

tilliq.

h£^

arajja

old are you?

min

tahldllaii

How

old is he min ydhlal ?

omen,

s.

(it)?

^lJ^'^fl^.•

J^'>:^UAAk idm^eu

p. 587), s.^ (Df^i-

(wild)

s.

on, prp. n-. It is lai

o

Give

.

J

^'^F* (wwi-).

gadd.

s. Iff:

omoplate,

e).

hXiK).

Olea chrysophylla (Guidi, Vocab. olive,

6Sd,

?»Jt'^U.r^:;l-UAAU:: fdm^^eh

(s.v.

?

(§

aop^^ magdfya. .: A^ ba. Idi (§ 8, .

.

§

47&).

on the table: mn;^a^••AJ&•ifl^«

ba<2:avatau

nau. o

me

two dollars

if

you have them on you:

i>A^-"flC!4'C'fl:?i'}^AU!ftm^:! huldtti virr qirv

indallah

sftaii.

once, adv. (a single time) Mft: (formerly) T**^

At once

one,

*7H.

and giz> e

(andfgz^e).

tint.

ahun (-ha>n). (immediately): (D^foh: wwdyau (§8). card. num. htj!: and, f hl^^ audit (§ 20a). Let them come one by one: h'ifi'}fi^ahift9"nhii andanddccau (§ 18) yfmtu. (now):

-f A".•^il^'}.• t^^dlo

!

ONI— OPP

204

This one: f»Vi yfhe.

The other one: A.Aa>-! lelau (§ The large one: ^A*: tflliqu The small one ^iXh'- tfnnisu ( (

:

onion (Allium Gepa\

s. Tf-'Jlrf-C^

59c). „

).

„

).

siinkwurt

(§

52«,

+j&:tf'^W'C^ qdi (qayy

§

8).

6) siin-

kwiirt.

only, adv.

bfcca.

"fl^^

Four only: h^ih."!!^.- aratt yfcca (§ "Id). If he had only come fflf- n<wi^ wwyyo yamatta open, adj. \\^^ kift (kuft § Id). :•.

:

I

garment) ^mA natala (§ 8). open: h^isT-s+oia^K kfftun

(of a

Leave

it

(cp.

§

56c)

tauau. o o

Leave the door open: tmrWhSf^'^'^^^''^^''

gyaun open,

kift tau.

v.t. hii.'t'

Open

Do

caaz-

kaffata.

it: Yld^i-ahn

not open

it:

kifatau, pi.

-^^k

-tut.

MYld^i'to^a attikfatau,

-pi.

-'t^w

-tut.

open, be,

v.i.

(opened, be,

Is it

open?

Can

it

opinion,

s.

What

v.p.) +h
1-h'P;f:A-.:

takaffata °

(§ 636?, e).

takdftSal?

be opened? ^h<(.;^A« yikkafFatal? ^^-fl as(s)ab (-dy is

your opinion?

;

(§

63c).

§ 8).

9^Tr :htl(\^v a ••

min

tassiyal-

lah? opposite, adv.

^JK-P- ti(y)iyyu.

opposite, prp. ^..•' ^f,^ ya-... ti(y)iyyu

Opposite the house oppress,

v.t.

:

fft.i5:''hji^:

1i- gdffa.

n^Abaddala

(bad-).

(§

476).

yay>etu tiiyyu.

:

:

OPP— ORN

205 oppressed, be,

v.p. i"l4- tagdffa. i'dff^ti

tabaddala

They are oppressed: ^li-dra oppression,

s.

19

wS

or, conj. tDf,

(tav-, -ad-).

yiggaffallu.

gif.

(woii

§ 6).

;

Is it his or yours? fCfr:VflH.-fl>Ji:^'}f'K yarsu

ydnta ?

wct>i

In questions also with

he coming or not?

Is

Commonly yours

-ss (q.v.)

•

•

it

-ft

f,aDfl^ia)ff,tl:h^aDfi\9^:i

aimatam? o o

wwiss yimdtall o o o

•/

Is

omitted or theirs? f '?'}^

(pi.)

yanndntiO nau ytirsdccau? ^ o o •'

orange, order,

flln^aH [fl^^liD- s] tf*^

s.

••

/^^^

(arrangement)

s.

(command)

Whose order

'T'H'H

•/

tizdz o

&

t.

yflallwf

hUH

?

'

o

52a):

f*^*}-*

••

o

o

&.

O

M

oribi {Oribia montana),

HC zar

originally, adv. s.

tint,

g^et.

O :

?l'J^;^HH « ndatazzaza. o

o

o

sdsa.

s. <(o«P

(ziir).

T*}^

IT

o

tazzaza.

was ordered

Oreotragus saltator,

ornament,

§

nau? o

h'J^HH-' indazzaza. o

v.p. ;^'HH L

(he, it) \

s.

(§ 8).

(s.v. oiji).

,

ordered, be,

origin,

(§ 8).

azzaza.

As he ordered: As

f C^^m- k

^,^

s

agar qatt

'

•

country in good order? Ai7C 4*T ^AA"^ k

Is the

v.i.

Vid-

bakrau (atr) l"6mi.

sfrdt

tiziz

••

(orders are they?

is it?

^Hll i'lOh:: yjimdn

order,'

nau

f^eq^o.

*%^ m>eq^o

(m^aq-).

<w>ai4» ma'^^^wq

(ma'' -

;

§ *Jd).

:

:

ORN— OUG

206

ornamental, be,

ornamented, oryx (0.

v.i.

him

ag^^eta.

adj. ti^9° splim.

beisa),

s.

flA sdla.

other, indef. pron. A»A lela ^§ 16). The other: A.Afl>-s lelau (§11).

^

A.Afl>-'}.-h^«lK lelaun

Fetch the other:

^

pi. -rth -tu.

Where is

dnta

(§ 7(^),

^

the other ? A.Afl^ : P»^ « Vc»- « lelau yet nau?

There is no other: A.A.-fAJ^K lela yallam. Take one and leave the other h'i^Tf-^nV^hTf^'i':

andun yizah (§ 746) andiin {Lutra sp.), s. h^fl^ aq^osta. 't'Ohti

otter

Otus cineraceus (Guidi, Vocab.

8) tau.

(§

p. 782),

T-T-^ gwtig-

s.

gwiit.

ought,

V.

He

aux., use past imperf.

ought to have gone:

(§§

24&, 33ct, 63&).

jirh.i?:--inCK

yihad nab-

bar.

See §67&:

darragi

(^

You ought bahal '

ought to be done:

It

8)

nau.

to go

{s.v.

i'^^7.sVfl>-» ta-

:

aoih,^ J&lfly A «

mahad

••

yiggab-

Id).

Ought may be implied by using ^d (q.v.) with iland the neg. conjug. (§ 38) Why didn't you tell me so ? (sc. as you ought to have done) h^9^'i•^^ah^. hl^V ^hohl ^^V*7^^ 4»^Uk silamfn ndih yallaun sattindgrail O oC3 OOO nau O '

•.

'.

:

0»'O

qarrah ?, pol qarru?, pi

qarrdccyuh?

A|&V*74-^

:

+4-K

A^V*7<-^ ^/S-^ih k •

(§

.

sainagrun .

.

.

sattindgrun

7d).

'Ought to have': use past imperf. (§ 24): It ought to have been done: ^^^*7--VflC» yidd^rraj? nabbiir.

OUN— OUT

207

You

ouffht to ~

have told me: ^A^-'VflCU::

tilan o

nabbarh. o ounce,

wdq^et (wwq-

id'&I*

s.

;

our, poss. pron. -d-f^ -ac(c)in

ours, poss. pron. f ? yanfid out, adv.

s.v.

126).

(§

(§§ 8,

12a, 47a).

outside.

Out with you out, go,

§ 8).

!

'^••ahf]: nfiuta

!

(issue) (D^I wcJtta.

v.i.

(be extinguished) m4« taffa.

Has he gone out?

&

pi.

(dTI^'PAk wwtitaual? •o o

Go

out

if

you want

to: 'n^-«l::

bittifdllis:,

wtita, pi. 'fl^-m«« bittifdllio:u, wiitu.

Don't go out:

When & Let out, let,

did he go out? «d*P

pi.

...••

fire, etc.)

let it

go out:

v.t.

(Dfn'^'i-

pol.

ai") « mdcii wwtta, pol.

go out: ^T^-k

yitfa.

Txlrfi^mi-i: ndaitafa.

htKD'n aswwtta {hC*^ as^'otta).

Let him Don't

:

flim-K ...wwttu?

(the

it

Don't

^i-1*fl^^:: attfwtita, pi. -nv-K -tu.

(it)

out:

htiat^ay-y- aswcJttau,

pol.

ptl

yaswcuttut, pi. hliatm*^':'. aswwttut.

him (it) out: h;>ftiD''li»-K attaswwttau, h^tnom'^a a^aswwttut, pi. h^tUDtn'^ii at-

let

taswwttut.

Let them out: hC^^^Ohf. as^ottaccau, ^Ohii

yas^'

ottwdccau,

pi. ^^rp.^fl>-::

pol. yf^ffK

as'^ottwdc-

cau.

Don't

let

them out:

h^f^'^'-^ohi: attas'^ottaccau,

pol. h^fiiT^^iD'i'. a>as^ottwdccau, pl.^i;^^rp.^Pa^K

attas^^ottwdccau.

Who

was it that ^fl»-« yaswwttau

let (§

him

14)

(it)

out? ylia)mah:*^Tr:

man-nau?

OUT— OVE out, put,

208

v.t. ^llD'»l

awcutta (auw-).

(extinguish)

hmi'

Put the bedstead out: autau,

pi.

Don't put

it

-m-^ k out

:

ataflfa.

algaun

^Apfl^'}!^^fl^^a^•.••

-tut.

h^ah^loh »

attautau,

-m«^ k

pi.

-tut.

Put the

light out:

mayrdtun

s?tT4-<»-K

dtfau.

Don't put outlaw,

it

out

7!^;^ sifta

s.

outlawry,

:

(§

^^;^T4-fl^K attdtfau.

52a,

S).

7i'^;^i^ siftannat (-¥^-

s.

outside, prp. h-

...••

(D**^ ka-

-fti-,

-nat).

wicc

(i'- ta-)...

(§ 8, §

47&).

Outside the house: hfl.^siD-'^s kav^et wicc. outside,

s.

&

adv. fl^'^ wicc.

adv.

bawfcc (baufcc

flflH^P*

;

^ 8).

"h^d idddri.

oven,

'^'flrt^

s.

mabsaya

(-ays-, -aia).

oDftx^ matdja.

over, prp. (of position)

fl-

[h-, 'h-]...s

A^

ba- (ka-,

ta-)...

lSi(§8, §475).

Put this over that: ^UV'J.nitU.A)Z..Kj^Clfl>-« yihannan yazzlh lai drgau (§ Id), pi. -7-^ k -gut. over, prp. (exceeding) h- [i*-]

yammibalt

•••

(K'TL- (i)mmi-,

f^flAT

-iy-,

-alt

;

§§

ka-

(ta-)...

14,476, 58c).

Over fifty: ;^9"^.•f'^LnAT.• tamsa yammiyalt. They are over fifty: ;^J^^.•J&nA''JA•K tamsa yiyaltallu.

over there, adv. hH,^ kazzya

(ha-, -az-

i'H,^ tazzya (taz-;

ii(D^^ bauwdya

Put pi.

it

over there: hH,^

-<-^K -rut.

••

;

§ 8).

§ 8).

(§ 8).

AiV-^i»«

:••

kazzya dnurau,

:

:

OVE— OWN

209

overcome,

v.t. [JtJ^i;'"

overcome, be,

(i)ratta.

v.p. '^^;^ taratta.

overfed, adj.

T^fl^

overrun,

v.t.

(raid) (O^/i wwrrara.

owe,

ifl^

v.t.

tigabaiifia (-ay-, -an-).

nabbara

(-bar-), VflC

nabbar (-bar;

§

33),

and iiii dlla (§ 32), (§ of which the Eng. object becomes the subject

with present constr. with

ndu

Vr»-

ba-,

fl-

13b)

and

(+- ta-) of the debtor, pers. suff.

or the pron.

f- yii-

of the creditor

2c)

(§ 1

or h- ka-

b(i)- (§ 47«),

'fl-

owe it: hJisVflJ-K kan^e (S 8) nau. Do you owe it? h'ii'i^ahi: kanta nau?,

I

pi. hA'J^'s

kallant nau? o o

Vfl>-K

How much

do you owe? h'i^'-M'-M'dVi'.

sint fda

dllabbih? o

You owed him

a dollar: h'i'i"-h'i^i'nC-''it\^ahn

kanta and!O virr ndbbarau, or O o o

fCfr-'Ai'Jj^s'flCs

•

yarsQ and!o virr ndbbiiriibbih. o o o owe me a dollar: f i Mj^ -nC ^A-flU

Vfl^i'flU

::

•^

You

•

:

••

van> e andiO virr allilbbih. or O O

V

^Tr-t"

••

•

tanta cindio virr o

••

hl^ "^ HC ••

hti^

••

•.:

:••

alliin.

•

I

owe you a

dollar: ^li"- h'i jl:

find!o virr allabbin, o o

•

dndio virr o

'

••

'dC'-

h^^f\^

yAntii

-.:

or t\ii3\'i^i'nC-'hM).-' ban^e '^ o

flllah.

•

owing to (because owl (Otns own, adj.

llll'ti-

of),

prp. ftA-

ganzab-

(-ay-)

It is

my own:

Is

your own? TJH'flU

it

sila- (§ 47«).

T^T^^ gwiiggwut.

sp.), s.

--fUP-'ViD-::

with pers.

TJHfl.s^flHK ganzay^e

-y^^o

••

nau ?,

>a)-::

pi.

sufF. (§ 12a). (§

8)

nau.

ganzayfh nau?, pol.

-fl

-f l^

:

iio- K

-ydccyuli

nau? o AM. GR.

(ll)

14

OWN— PAI own,

IH

v.t.

owned, be, OX,

s.

210

ofazza. v.p. i'lH taji^azza.

A'ipi(\d3 sano^a var^ e.

Oxytenanthera ahessinica (Broun, Cat. sfmal (-mal;

§

o2a,

paragrai^hs of

§ refers to the

(running) [K]<«*^

s.

pack

(up),

v.t.

s.

7iiw»A

{Initia

T).

(i)riicca.

h'^'^ kattata.

hilC assara o o rtflrtfl

Pack up

Grammar

tJie

Amharica, Part pace,

677),

S).

this

(-sar-). ^

/

sabassaba (savassava).

baggage

:

f Ui^ "h^ A'dflOU ?iA^
••

:

yihannan iqa savsivah isarau. package,

KftC

s.

Open

isir.

those packages that came: ^tlCi^aot^Ohli

"h^ : ^^oh

packing-needle,

••

s.

tdsr^^o

yamattaun Iqa fftau.

twtl^ mdsf^e. aofid,^ massaff aca o o o

pagan, adj.

&

s.

(-fac-). ' ^

hdaoi araman^e.

paid, be, v.p. i'h^A takaffala. It is to

be paid: /^h^A::

It is not to

Has

the

:

/i^h^CA » aikkafal.

money been paid? T>H'fls1'h^AK gdnzay

takaffala o o o o

be paid

yikkafal.

?

Has he been paid what was owed him? Moht +h<(.AA'*h::

fdau takdffalallat ?

PAI— PAP

211 pail,

KC^A jardal.

s.

(metal)

'feC'feC^

qwwrqwwrr^o.

Jj) OD^"^ niaqja.

(

h a

pain, interj. expressing, pain,

imam.

?trw»9"

s.

Violent pain

He had a 56c)

(§

be

pain,

9°"? mit.

:

pain in his hand: h^'iihaDaDOht'. fjjun

ammamau.

in, v.i. fl.i.V4»i»«

cannaqau (impers.

§

43a).

^i{9^ qalam.

paint,

s.

paint,

v.t.

(portray)

^A

sdla (conjug. like

*l*A/w>

painted, be, v.p. painting,

s.

•f'P/iffo

addaras

n,'^:/Hl'J'7/^-'^

He

qallama. loo o

sil.

(§ 8).

b>eta

(S

9d) mdngist.

gfbbi (court).

at the palace:

is

to cough).

gimb.

h^/.''ti

•70,

^A

taqallama.

(picture) ftA

s. *19^'(\

palace,

!

h'}7'/*'.-H'>j^'.-Va>«::

kanigds

zdndi nau. o o o palate,

palm,

s.

s.

i'V^ tandga.

(of

hand) aoi\^ mddaf

(tree.

(§§ 8,

o2a,

y).

Phoenix dactylifera, Broun, Cat. 595 and ib. 599) rtA.*} saPen (§ 8).

Borassus fiahellifer, pan,

s. 4-,!i

fdga (prop, gourd).

rtrh*}

pander,

s.

sahdn

(§

8

;

prop, plate),

l\^"\6 aqqatari.

panther, black,

s. *7/*''\

gjssilla.

papa!, interj. (cry of child to father)

>ifln

ababba!

(aya-).

14—2

:

PAP— PAR

212

s. tod^^ waraqat. Ruled paper: rwift^niCs^Afl^sai^+^s masmar

paper,

yal-

labbat waraqat. Blotting-paper: *^?"m«a-' paper-knife,

mamtaca

s.

(-tac-).

maqdaja

yawaraqat

f ai^^4*^ •
i-diy).

parade,

s.

rtA^

(mil.)

Parade ground,

salf (salf).

<w>AA
s.

(be paraded,

parade,

v.i.

parade,

v.t. hrtA<<.

paralysed, adj. paralysed, be,

assallafa

flj^'J v.i.

(-sallaf-).

v.p.) +rtA
badin (bad-

-nn

;

fl^i

baddana

AAA

sallala (sal-).

§ 6).

(bdd-).

See §6^,6. His legs are paralysed

:,

M4-

:

AOuA

"•

fgru

(§

52a, 8)

pol.

^4»C-*

salloal.

parasitic plant, parcel,

s.

htlC

i'4'TA taqattilla.

s.

isir.

parchment,

s. 'fl/J-'i'

pardon,

^d

v.t.

mdra.

Pardon me J&flA-A''^::

pardoned, be,

biranna.

an inadvertency):

(after

yfqir yiyalulliii.

v.p. '^'^^

tamdra.

Has he been pardoned? ^'J^^Ak and pare,

i'9"
v.t. 'j^dax

Pare

it

pared, be,

When

A«

? tamiraual o o o

qww'rrata.

(them §52a): '^/imahn qwtiratau,

v.p, i"fe
taqwwrrata.

the hoofs grow long they should be pared

'P¥C:A..ej^-'7:^,to^T:: tifir qwc«jrat.

part,

s.

tamiroal?, pol.

(division)

h'PA

kifil.

(§

52a, y) syadig yiq-

PAR—PAS

213 partner,

flAVhA balakkul.

s.

partridge,

(*d

s.

parturition,

s'^oran (-ran

s.

—

pass,

v.i.

& t.

pass, let,

v.t.

Mtid,

(it)

:

KVi'rt*^

nnatasainma. o o o

'•

asallafa.

askadii (-ka-, -da).

pass: M^d^at'-.i asallifau, pol.

yasdllifut, pi.

let

him

Mfiii-^n

^^A

asallifut.

pass: Y\^fi^d,ahv.

(it)

h^fiM'^-'

pol.

mit.

hiid. allafa.

Let him Don't

8).

flC barr.

hiiYhf!^

^^K

9"T

:

his party Jr ^

(mountain)

s.

52a,

KV- (i)nna-

s.v.

Tasamma and pass,

§

aoohti^ mawulad (maul-).

s.

Pains of parturition party,

;

attasjlllifau,

aJasallifut, pi. h;'"'^A^^:: atta-

sallifut. o

Let them pass: h^A4-^a>-K ^^(D-::

yasallifwaccau,

asallifdccau, pol. pi.

^^A

h^AH•'^a^:•. asalli-

fwdccau.

Don't

let

^ID-

:••

little, to, v.i.

...••

s.

?flf9

illifF

^lA'psnA::

JiA^P s.

(s.v.

illiffi

VflA,

§

44a).

(\%1d, 8) val,

^A.h fdsika.

sah^dna

m'i'*7A tandgil s.

dla

ilf.

(swh-, -Ti- -x'^o-,

Id, 52a, y).

pasture,

h;^^A^

Valu.

Passover, feast of the, s.

KA^P-'hA

little:

flA*:: ...

passage (passing),

pastern,

pi.

attasallifwdccau. O O

Pass on a pl.

attasallifdccau,

h^fi^i^H'Ohw a^asallifwdccau,

pol.

pass on a

them pass: ^i;'"^A4-^a^K

aoMl mask.

(§

o2a, y).

-In-

-k^o-;

§§ 8,

PAS—PAY pasture,

214 G.

v.i.

'tAl^ tasamarra

(tasam-).

(tasam-). tasamarra o o o o

S. i'tlao^

'

''

V.i G. Yxd*^^ assamarra. o

assamarra. o o o

S. hilaod,

patch,

aotm,^ matdfya.

s.

Put a patch on

adrigibbat (drgpatch,

v.t.

shirts

+^ftfl'-T'

'fr'^ft

Id).

§

which have holes in them: Pf* ''Xd.Ohw yataqaddadaun qamis

'

^2a) tdfau.

patched, be, path,

;

'^i* tafa.

Patch the

(§

<w»^«i,^:hjtC*7n^:: matdfya

it:

v.p. 't'^'ld^ tatafa.

aoti^ mangad.

s.

T"-^*/

patience,

s.

gwwdana.

^^^^ tfgist

(§ 8).

'H'7;^ ziggfta.

patient, adj. Uli"'*! ziggitanna (-tan-).

IJ'r*^ cfmmit. o o •

patient, be,

pause,

v.i.

He

^lip taggasa.

v.i.

^^^--hti qwwyyatt dla

(it)

(s.v.

VflA,

§

44a).

has paused: 'fef^s'flOuAK qw^yyat

(§

6)

viloal.

paw,

s.

<w>^*b

madaf (§§ 8,

^T*!! dam^^dz

52a,

y).

pay,

s.

pay,

& t. (sum, and to person) h- kifalaccau.

(§ 8).

v.i.

:••

:

have paid

(it):

I have paid

him

I

I

h^^-V-K kdffalhu :

(§

616).

h
have paid them h
kaff alhwdccau.

PAY— PEN

215

Don't pay

(pay him): h^Yld^dah:-. attikfalau.

it

I will

pay

I will

pay him

(it)

S^h'PAA'^ k ikaflallaii^

:

them

I will pay r «/

Jih^A^P A1^

:

(§

616).

ikaflaimllau'\

:••

:

hh'PA^'P Alr^ « oikaflaccauallau*^. o o o

:

h^hd,^ih9"'.: alkaffalhum(§61&).

I

have not paid

I

do

I

have to pay for

not pay: ^Ah'HA9":: alkaflim.

(will)

it

:

hi

••

kan> e nau

'lOh n

(s.v.

owe).

pay a fine, v.i. (pay as a fine, v.t.) hrt k^sa. pay a tax (tribute), v.i. Idd gabbara (-biir).

Do they pay a tax (taxes) make

pay,

He

(cause

^l-fl^A-:: yi<^abbirallu?

i

to), v.t. htl\\d,ii

make them pay:

will

askafFala.

^/lh*hA'[-
A«

yaskaff*i-

idccaual. o

pea,

s.

peace,

MC atar

s.

hC^

peace, make,

(-tar;

§

52a,

frq. v.i.

i'^^C* tararraqa i'fltnfa^

peach,

hh

s.

peasant, pebble,

s.

s.

peel,

peg,

s. s.

(tiir-).

tasamamma

(tasilm-).

k'^ok.

flA7C baldgar (-gar

*P''}«^ cfnca

pedestrian,

S).

s.

4»C*P^

52a,

Md/T' igrdnfia

§

52a,

8).

8).

(-ran-).

q^rfit.

(for tethering, (tent-)

(§

;

suspending

htll kdsima

(-siim-

etc.) ;

§

^hA

52a,

cfkdl

(§ 8).

8).

Will the peg hold? ^^A.-^^-AAk cikdl yicflal? pelvic bone,

pen,

s.

s.

^5:^ annisa.

(enclosure) fl^l^ barat (barat). (for writing) -UC bir.

A

oD^dM^ matdfya. fountain pen: +A5'" ^Afl^ -flC •

Ht(§8)yir(§76Z).

«

••

qalam

ydllab-

PEN— PER pencil,

216

[hjCftti (i)rsas

s.

(§ 8).

aofldMp matdfya. penis,

s. *I»^A

qwiila.

3? A jdlla.

(euphem.) people,

-flAih billit.

(persons) Aoh sau

s.

(tribe)

HC zar

52a,

(§§ 8,

(zar;

8).

§ 8).

There are many people:

'fllf'

••

rtfl>-

s

AiA

bizu sau

••••

alia.

He

incites the people to rebellion: rti»-s^A9"^AK

sau yasammital.

pepper,

s.

(black) *feT'^!flCfl& qiind^o barbaric (yar-, -ry-, -arye).

(red) ncn<& barbar^^e (ba-,

-ry-, -ar^e).

hao-f' kamdf^o (i'- ta-; § 47a). Ten percent: hao'f^sh/^'C-' kamat^o

per cent,

Perdrix coturnix (Guidi, Vocab.

p. 663),

s.

assir.

J^C*P•'^ dfr-

cit (§ 52a, 8).

perfect, adj.

tfo-A-

'^^

perfume,

s.

perfume,

v.t.

miilu (9" A* milu).

sftta.

htWi attana.

perfumed, be,

v.p.

^a\*i tdttana

63^,

(§

e).

perhaps, adv.
nu"> bl'h^on (bfhS^ll^ dmgat

9"VAn^ Perhaps you

will

ming;ibat

want

it:

wdi tifallk^au yih^'onal OO o<^ O o "^

peritoneum,

s.

§ 8).

;

(-lya-,

aij&

:

-fl^ -yac).

^<{. AlflH

s

^If *i'A k

(s.v. JV(D'i). ' ^

*r*^ m^'dra.

permanence, s. #n»TC man'^or permanent, adj. X6 nwdri. permanent, be, v.i. T^ n'' ora.

(§

8

;

inf.

of *TC

q.v.).

;

PER— PHO

217 permission, permit,

tawa

v.t. i'(D

you permit

(§ 8).

(taua).

not permit

I will

If

^^^^

*b^Jt

s.

it

hfiii'(Dah9° a altauaum.

it: :

'fl^'^fllfl^

bittitauau, pol. JUi"

••

bitauut. o

fla.^-*

^;i^

tfgdt

perseverance,

s.

persevere,

"tp tdgga.

v.i.

(§ 8).

persevering, adj. ^"h tfgu. persist (be persistent),

44a

§

The

QSd,

§

;

rain

cikk!

{§

is

7d)

"^Tn-'hti

v.i.

cikk dla

(s.v.

VflA,

e).

persistent:

TfT'Tl

•

^Vl

••

-flO^A «

zinay

yilGTil.

persistent, adj. 'f'h^h cakcakka.

person,

sau.

s. rtfl^

(body) rta»-V^ sdunnat

Young person htihC :

perspiration,

-•

(-nat).

dskar

(-kar).

atH waz (wwz).

s.

A-n lab (lay).

perspire,

(dH

v.i.

persuade,

persuaded, be, pester, IT '

(it)

v.p. i'^fi

pesters

pestering, adj.

petroleum, pewter,

(wwz-).

taradda.

^HVH nazdnnaza. O O O O

v.t.

He

wazza

htl^^i asradda.

v.t.

s.

i'H'i'H

me: /?^^H^H?Ak

yinazdnnizannal.

naznazza.

tAJ^fl Itlmba.

s. •fcC'feC^

Phacochoents

qwwrqwwrr^o.

cethlopicus,

s.

hC^

|rya.

hChC karkdrr'' o (kar-, -k5rGall.)!

Phaseolits

stp., s.

h^l^^

adangwdr^e

Phoenix dactyl i/ei^a (Broun, Cat.

(-da>n-).

595),

s. rtA*"}

sdl>en(§

8).

PIA— PIE piastre,

s.

218

*7C7i girs (§ 52a, 8).

pick (scrape,

off,

out),

(them -•fc^K -qui

Pick

it

pick (up),

Pick

it

saqassaqa.

52a, 8) off: rt4*ft+(D-K saqsiqau,

§

v.t. ti^ero

v.t. rt4*rt*f»

pL

laqqama.

(them

52rt, 8)

§

^^tmahn Ifqamau,

(up):

-mut.

pi. -tfi>«^«

Where did you

pick

up? i'^^iti^f^Ooha tayet

it

laqqamhau? pick out,

v.t.

Pick

(extract)

(them

it

-fr^K

^*f*rt

naqqasa.

52a, 8) out:

§

'^4*rta^:•.

nfqasau,

pi.

-SUt.

Pick out this thorn for me: f^Vi^hVO-'i^tl^^-.i yihann is^Oh nfqasillifi. ^ o O O ^O o o picking {off, out), instrument for, s. <w»rt4*rt*fe^. masaqsaqya (-saqya, -saca). pickaxe, s. ao^d^d^ maqwwffdrya (-far-), picked, be,

v.p. 'i'ii^ao

It is (they are

§

talaqqama.

52a, 8) not to

be picked Ii^A+I^k :

aillaqam.

When

is

the coffee picked?

(15^'} .•^H..•*<»•.-n-^.-

K'^A+9" bamfn ffiz^e nau vunn immillaqqam? pickles, s. \r9^mm h^^omtatta (Yi9°- k^^om-, -"Ifll. -tdf e). ::

picture,

s. 9"llfi\.

mfsil.

/^[d]A

sil.

S^^A. missdPe. o

piebald, adj. rt.^C'^ s^edarfmma (-dar-).

*^'^ qiirrac Give me a piece

piece,

s.

(§8).

of bread: T'fe^s-^nsftm'^K tjqit

ddbb^o sitafi. They will work by the piece: flflHAej&A^A-s yisarallu (or

d^CT

«...

baqwttr t

.

).

. .

baiil

PIE— PIP

219

piecework, do,

v.i.

di^C*? rt^ baqwtirt sarra. ••

(\ah^ rt^ baiil sarra. o o i

pierce,

v.i.

&

t.

fidfid sarassara (sarassara).

wwgga

(DP pierced, be,

v.p. i'rt^lrt^

(^^'wg-).

tasarassara (-sarassara).

'['(Dp tavvojgga (tauw-).

pig,

M^ asdma.

s.

pigeon,

(domestic)

s.

[XJC*?*!! rfgib (frg-, -iy).

n-AA

(large wild)

biiflal (§^8).

(small wild) *PA^ wdlya. pile,

1n9"C kfmmir.

s.

pile (up),

v.t.

Pile

it

kdmmara

h/w>^

(them

§

52a, S)

(-miir-).

up;

X\9^Cahv.

kammirau,

pi.

-<-^K -rut. piled (up), be, '

pillage,

v.i.

&

v.p. 'f'hao^

t.

takammara

H^
(-miir-).

(z4r-).

(Odd wcJrrara.

Don't pillage

it

h^Udd.ah

:

attfzrafau, pi. -f-l" k

::

-fut.

pillaged, be, v.p. i'ti^d, taz^rrafa (taz4r-).

not to be

It is

pillow,

s.

h^^d

s.

pin,

(Dd'itn

pincers,

pinch,

:

h&nd^i*

s.

v.i.

(§

o2a,

o

o

S).

T^m^ gwiitat (-tat). ao^'im^ maqwwntaca & t. 'fe^mm qwwnattata. (it):

*fe'>Tmfl^:•.

(-tac-).

qwwntitau,

-tut. s.

o

aqqatdri.

warant^'o

Pinch him pipe,

aizzdraf.

oohH mak(k)ddda. ^^ft tfras (§ 8).

pimp, s.

pillajj^ed O X

(tobacco-) aoax'^ matacca. (water-) Q,9°0,

bwambwa.

pi.

-flv-^w

?

PIP— PLA

220

my

Fetch

pipe and tobacco: <wim*^flH'}9" « ^IP

mataccaunim O O O

K (\'X'i9^ ''^HV'-'t r'

•

•

•

timbauhaunim O O O

7d) yizah na.

(§

Piper nigrum,

qund^^'o barbar^^e (yar-,

*fe'>A^-'flCfl&

s.

-ry-, -ar^^e).

Pircunia dbessinica (Guidi, Vocab.

p. 471),

s.

^»'>/^Jt

(i)nd^od. pistol,

s.

Pisum pit,

s.

Ti'hT stiggut. h'i'C atar (-tar

sp., s.

'hJt^Jt

gudgwad

(gurg-

Pit of the stomach, pitch,

v.t.

§

;

s.

52a,

S).

§ 7r/;

§ 8).

Hj^Jt bajad.

(a tent) '^hA takkala.

Pitch

(pi.) it:

Don't

(pi.)

^h/V-^K tikalut.

pitch

KI-^hA-^K

it:

attftkalut.

Have you (pi.) pitched the tent? AAk duhkwdnun taklaccihwal o o pitched, be, It is to

v.p.

J^^»?.V-^

-MnA^

(of a tent) i'i'hA tatakkala.

be pitched here: hlUU-'^+hA:! kazzih

tdkal. o

:

yit-

^^

o

be pitched:

It is not to

^tj&l'hA:'.

aittakal, pi.

-h/V-K -kalu.

When

it is

pitched

tell

me:

rt.i'hA:'>'l
kal nforaran. pitchfork, pity,

s.

s.

aoyfi

9^\h\]^j\r

mans

(mans).

mf(h)rat

(-rat).

YxWl azan. o pity,

v.t.

hWi azzana

A- la-

Pity him: KH'JA^k place,

s.

ft^^ S.

(§

47a).

fzanillat, pi. -^-AI-k -nullat.

sffra.

hcl

sfrfa. o

ao^ao^^ maqqamdca. ^;^ b^dta.

PLA—PLA

221

Put

in

it

dnurau,

Put

place: hti^^at^'-hi'dahti kasifrau

its pi.

K>-<-^k

...'•

each thing in

(pi.)

h^Cb^ K

no place for laummwi? (s.v. atjf,). Who knows the place

it?

'^T'

!

its

dnurut.

place: i>A-sflPA*P^a>-:

hiillu yayyasifrau

Is there

ft*P^

...

'•

yat'^^

:••

adrigut (drgut

ft^^sfAtD-T^K

it

came from?

§

7d).

sifra yal-

?aD'^([i:'i:

yamatfcibbatun sffra

man

yauqal ? place,

v.t.

)\tli»aD(n

hzdl

^T^ placed, be,

plague,

asqammata.

adarraj^a.

an'' ora. o

'h^^7 tadarraga.

v.p.

fl7i;^ basita.

s.

plain, adj. (obvious) 'I'^P' ti(y)iyyu. (clear) -fK- bfru.

plain,

*^^ m>eda.

s.

Grassy plain plaintiff,

plan,

s.

h^'fi

kdsds

••

mask,

(§ 8).

(arrangement) /^^A' sirAt

s.

This plan

is

yjfhe sirdt •/

plank,

aoti^i

:

o

s.

o

not a good one

s. "I'lFlA

plant,

v.t.

^V'-^^^'1---h^eni''1'9^'.i

aimmaccim. o o

mC-fl tarb

plant,

:

(^ 8).

(tii-,

-ry).

tikil.

i^hA takkala.

H^

zarra

(zar-).

plantain (Musa sajy'ientmm, Broun, Cat. 559),

muz

(§

plantain, wild

52a,

s.

8).

{Musa

Ensete, Broun, Cat. 559),

hlil^ (f)nsat

(-silt).

(inedible) 'h^'h^

gundguna.

s.

ao^'fl

»

PLA— PLE planted, be,

222 i"i'h^ tatakkala.

v.p.

(tazar-). tazarra o o

i'H/J'

'

^

plate,

s. rtrh*}

plateau,

sdhan

(§ 8).

(small) h9^(\

s.

amba.

^p

(large, the high country)

On

the plateau

(\^p

:

s.

play,

v.i.

+**%(Di'

playful, adj.

tacauwata

(dag-).

badaga.

•

GB^Oi^ cdwata (cau-,

play,

daga

-wt-).

(-wwt-).

+«^
(§ 8).

pleasant, adj. *^ii^^ malafya. please,

^ft ' ^irtf dass (dass) assanna.

v.t.

Did he

please him? ^ft:Airt7fl>-K dass assan-

(it)

nau? please

you), hflhU ibdkkih

(if

(iyd-),

-h?* -kka^o,

t -hTi -kkis, pol.

-h^ih -kkdc(c)yuh

pi.

7d\ according to person or per-

(§

sons addressed. "htlXu- [-ft'fc-] (i)ski-

(-sti)

pref to im-

perative.

-A^

-Hill (for

-A'}[-AV]

dve

Please pol.

to

it

me). (for us).

-llin (-llinna)

me: MYlV

iiai^

•

f-

ivakkih

sitaii,

hflhP'j^ftnv^K iyakka'^o yMuii.

Please give us some wood: h^fiO,^ ^ft'tftm'J ••

neat istisftan. o •© o

Please go away (from us): iK^M'-i-fLVn tazzih. linna o o o

pleased, be,

v.i.

^

^ft.-^A dass (dass) ala. ^ft hAiD- dass ••

S.v. I

am

hfdil-

pleased:

VnA,

§

44a

(-ii-)

;

^A«^A^Ak

§

dlau (impers.

G3^,

e.

diiss yjlaniial.

§

43a).

!

PLE— PLU

223 I

am

pleased with you:

pleasure, interj. expressing,

pledge,

h^^

plentiful, be,

adara

bfzu

-AH*

s.

There This

is

is

pliers,

(§§

^A

m'^olla.

m^^dltSal.

o2a, o3&).

allii.

^Ui^E-T :*<»-» yihe

inanimate objects) AftA^

be (become), it

v.i.

pliant

T^rnih gwtitat

plough,

s.

plough,

v.i. k, t.

ArtArt lasallasa

ijjfg (§ 8) nau.

lasldssa.

(§ (j'dd, e).

^iAi^AA alasallasa.

v.t.

renders s.

banta

§ 8).

TA:I:Ak

plenty:

pliant, render, It

(-ddr-;

plenty: h^l'-hii:'. fjjig

pliant, adj. (of pliant,

Rft s -flrt^^A »

?»rtj& (i)ssai

malla or

<w»A

v.i.

It is plentiful:

plenty,

«

^ft;^ dass(i)ta.

s.

s.

W

tanta) dass yiP'oilnal.

{jh'ii':

pleasure,

fl

:

^ArtArt*PA:J yalasallisaual.

(-tiit).

mar^sa.

^d.'ii

Td.C m^^ofar

(-fiir).

h^ii {irrasa.

(new ground) laod gammasa.

ploughman,

s.

ploughshare,

pluck out,

^^7i ards

(§ 8).

J^*7C digir.

s.

v.t. Vfla.

nacca.

V+A naqqala. plucked out, be, v.p. i'^iGBi, tanacca. plum, wild (Primus insUitia), s. ?»7h»|& (f)nkwai

h^

plunder,

s.

plunder,

v.i.

&

fqa. t.

H^
(Dd,d

Anybody

(§ 8).

wwrrara, o o

that plunders will be punished:

ttC^i^'^^fiii-'

yammizarf

yiqqattal.

f*^

PLU— PON

224

plundered, be, It is

Poa

v.p. 'i'tlCd, tazarrafa.

not to be plundered: ?»)iH^*bK aizzdraf.

dbessinica (Guidi, Vocab. p. 836),

pocket,

s.

K'fl j^eb

s.

m.*? Uef.

(j^ey).

T-h^h gwtisgwas

(§ 8).

U.ft kis.

poet,

hll^^i azmdri.

s.

point,

s.

(of a needle, etc.) Tf-A sul. (station)

Up

rdl^^ mfrdf

to this point: hft-MLU

There's no point in

point (out,

to),

v.i.

&

pointed, adj. Tf-A sul poison,

s.

He

ooCU marz

istazzih miraf.

^i^ f Afl^9" » f fr^e yallaum. •-

:

haoti^i't'

(§

9"d^¥

amalakkata.

576).

(marz).

died by poison: dao^CfX^'-'P'^" bamadhan^it

(-dahnit

poison,

t.

it

(§ 8). ••

v.t.

§

Id) m^ota.

(inanimate object)

rwiClf

adarrao^a ba- (va-;

s

^.c^^il

s

fl-

marz

47«).

^

(animate object) aoOi'-YxiW marz aballa (ava-).

He

poisoned the food: Hm'ii^iaDCfiiYx^d^^v,

bamavil adarragabbat. oc© o*o marz o o o o

He poisoned him (it) poisonous, adj. #w>CH5^ pole,

s.

:

aod'Yi

marzdm

••

hd^ioh s marz aydllau.

(mar-;

aofifi masass'^'o.

polite, adj. fi^+^J yiitaqatta (§14;

polo,

s.

§ 8).

?i<-C 6El>a);^ iriir '•

s.v.

+^).

cauwta.

Ti" ofanna.

polo-stick,

s.

pond,

s. W-^^.

pony,

s.

f4-C:#w>jr»^ yarur kwiirJ e.

d^dll faras.

(§§

47a, 70)

mamca.

POO—POS

225 pool,

Yt'& kwtir^'e.

s.

poor, adj.

^^

daha.

(in quality) r'^'T'

pop,

mfrrac

(§ 8).

(produce a slight explosion) "I'HsAiA tdtta dla

v.i.

VnA,

(s.v.

44a).

§

populous, adj. A9" lam (lam),

porcupine (Hystrix portfolio,

S.

portray,

tnC^

^A

v.t.

^C^ jart.

mdhdar (mahdd-,

*^'i^C

s.

sp.), s.

b'^

s.

§

7d).

drsa.

sdla (conjug. like '^A to cough).

<w>AA massala (type

position,

-dar,

B

§

35).

(place) ^;^ b'^ota.

A'P^

sffra. o

S. flC4' s(rfa. o

<w»«f»/n»«i

ma(iqamdca. olio o •

possess,

1H g^zza.

v.t.

possessed, be, possessions,

s.

'MH

s. '}'fl^'"l*

possible, be, post,

v. p.

nibrat

+^A

v.i.

ta<2^azza. (-fyr-, -rat).

tacdla.

(postal service)

tfl-ft/ij

t;^A;^ (pole)

aoflft

(station)

post,

v.t.

biista. p^^'osta.

masass^'o. fanta.

d^'i:^''

(mail) hn-ft'»l hy'{l:f^

••

hid ••

hl(\

agabba {i'd'- tayii-). kap^'osta agabba (-ty-

kayiista

tap-6-). (station)

Post

Mao

acf^'oma.

this letter: iRUV'}:^'n^n..•h;^ft;^.•Mnfl>-:: yi-

hannan dayddbb^ e Post a

man

postage-stamp, AM, GR.

(ll)

s.

kap^^ dsta dgyau.

there: rtc»-:h*fc?"fl^K sau dqumibbat. t'tjp-flc

tambr

(§

52a,

8).

15

POS— POU posted, be,

226

v.p.

(mailed) hfl*A^!7fl kayiista

gabba

(i'fh-

tavii-).

gabba (i-;^-

hy^fi^'.in kap^dsta tap-6-).

Have

the letters been posted? ^'fl^fl.•|^A•s

all

daydabb^e

i'n-ft^.-l'fl;tAK o-avtoal

52a) hiillu tayiista

(§

?

Stay where you were posted: h^9^ih(i^stl^^''

kaq^dmhubbat

*fej&K

place at which

postman,

s.

post-office,

tfl^ftrn? s.

posted you;

I

bustanna

tf n-ft'n n.^ yayusta tf;^ft;^.•n,^

;

§§

y^et.

47«, 70.

the post-office: hO-ft'^.-n.^s kayusta

At pot,

§

s. -f-i-

at the

14, 62c).

y^et.

yap^osta

8 enclitics

(lit.

s.v. f-, §§

(-tan-).

••

See

qwoji,

sifra

yJ'et.

t^6fa.

r'W^

mfncat.

(chamber-)

<w»?f^

masana

(-san-).

fl^;^ bar^eta.

potato {Coleiis

tuherosiis, Guidi,

dfnnic (-cc potter,

s.

pottery,

6

§

;

52a,

p. 676),

8).

?fhA:rt<{ sakla (sak-) sari (sari). ffVlA

s.

pound,

s.

pound,

v.t.

sakla (sak-).

(weight)

(out),

v.p.

natir (nat-).

v.t.

i-fli+m

lAOm *l»^

Pour

VTC

(D'^Oi wcJqqata.

pounded, be,

pour

§

Vocab.

it (e.g.

^

tawwqqata

(tauw-).

galabbata.

(jadda.

tea) out

:

^'^fl^ k qfdau.

pour away, v.t. h
s. ff:'Trir

POU— PRE

227

poured

i'lAflm tagalabbata.

(out), be, v.p.

i'^fi

powder,

Ml"

(gen.)

s.

taqadda. O 'O

d'^oq^et

(§ 8).

(gunpowder) 04-^ bdrud. power,

:?»JiA hail.

s.

(authority) Thtm^ siimat (-mat).

^A»^

cil^^ot (§ 8).

powerful, adj. (gen.) ^^tVi hailanfia (physically)

^AT*^?" qiltfmdm -nC*

be

practice,

out

(get)

(-Ian-). (§ 8).

birtu.° o

of, v.i.

't'hfi tajifwwdda.

If^d,

gaddafa (type

See

am

34).

§

tagdddafau (impers.

+7^<(.flJ-

I

A

§

43a).

§ i5Sd, e.

out of practice: +'?°Jt^'A'V" k tagwwdiccal-

lau^ or -Mj^rC'f Ak tagadr^oiiiial. practice, out

of, adj.

1H4- gaddfa.

9°tip^ misgdna.

praise,

s.

praise,

v.t.

haofn'i amasaggana.

praised, be, v.p. + tamasajirffana. prate,

pray,

fid^li^ lafallafa.

v.i.

'

M.

O

v.i.

prayer,

mAf

mi)r^

s.

precede,

v.i.

precipice, prefer,

v.t.

s.

&

O

O

O

tallayii (-laiii).

t.

tal^'ot (§ 8).

^ft^ao

I^A

qaddama.

gadal

(gadiil).

wwddada. hdtim aballata O O O

fli^^

•

(to,

h- ka-,

(avd-). ^ •

O

We prefer horses to mules tayaql'^o

(§

'

i'- ta-, :

§

47«).

+04* A" ^dtl X^fli^A'J k ••

••

52a) faras innwwddallan.

15—2

PRE— PRE

228

walking to riding: hin>4»Ts n*7^!
I prefer

lau^

(§ 7d).

+0*^^ tawwddada

preferred, be, v.p.

_ (tauw-).

pregnant, adj. Chll rfguz (§8). YiCtll irguz

prepare,

(oneself,

v.i.

v.r.,

(§ 8).

be prepared,

v.p.)

'hrt'i''^

tasa-

nadda (tasan-). Let him (it) be prepared: ^rtV-^w yissandda. Prepare to go ItiTr^^th,^ -frtT-^ k nditthad tasa••

:

ndda,

pi.

K'Jj?:^ A.-^

nditthadu tasa-

I'rtT'S. K

s

nadu. prepare,

v.t. Airt*/^

Prepare

assanadda.

assanddau,

it: hfi't^at^i'-

Let him prepare

it:

pi.

--^^k -dut.

yassanddau,

^rtV^flJ-K

pi.

-^^:: -dut. prepuce,

ai?f A

s.

presence,

s.

wasdla (wws-

aoTC man^^or

(§

§ 8).

;

8

;

inf of

T^

q.v.).

present, adj.

The present one now § 7a + art. present,

s.

^l^^••

:

§

ydhunu

(

= f-

§

47a + hih'}

11).

ftrn;^ sit'^ota.

ao'fff mattayaya

(-taiaia).

'hC'ti giirsa.

It is

not our custom to accept presents: fl?s/*%^s

<w>1'^^ih^*f*flA?"K

bafiM

sirdt mattaiaia

anniqqdbbalim. present,

v.t.

(give) rtm satta.

(introduce) hl^"^ aggananfia. present, be,

v.i.

T^ ^A

n^^'ora.

alia (§§ 32a, d, 39a, h).

(§

52a)

PRE— PRE

229 I

wish you to be present: fii^^C'-hd^^ptHhn n'^dr ifalligallau^ ...you

He is not present presentiment, have §

43a;

(§

I

s.v.

f Al^ « yallam,

:

44a

§

pi.

...-n^oru....

f A-1^ « yallum.

4*C.-^Aa>* qirr dlau (impers.

a, v.i.

VflA,

(pi.)... -T<-.'

litti-

;

§ 63f7, e),

constr. with

fl-

ba-

47a).

have a presentiment about

this: flH^U.'^'Cs^iA^::

bazzfh qirr dlan. press,

v.t.

(on)

ca.ii.'i

caqqwwna (cwqqona).

(against) 14- gaffa.

pressed, be, v.p. (on)

'^ffil.•fe^

tacdqqwwna (-cwqqona).

(against) i'li' tagaffa.

pretend,

v.i.

&

t.

hf!^/il

adarraga. asmdssala. o o o

h{laDf^ti

He

pretends he

^A-'J:;'-'";'7.-->^ACj3Ak ri-

is ill:

sun tamdmi yadargal.

He is telling fl>-?f ^ V?C ••

siit ndffiir

lies •

and pretending to

M^T-f"

amtit"o

:

the truth:

tell

?ia>-V^.AiftOTA/V- : jz.97^Ak

liniit

wd-

asmassil'^'o yinndofgraral.

He

pretended not to know: Ma>-4»?" alauqim bfl^o wdssii. iQ O

••

-fl

A"

.•
pretty, adj. oh-n wiib (wiiy).

prevent, X '

v.t.

hAhA

kaldkkala. o o o o

Neg. conjug. (§

22a) with

Prevent him

(it):

37)

(§

^A

dla

hAlnAa^.•.

of causative (s.v.

VOA,

§

verbs

44a).

kdlkilau, pi. -A-^k

-lut.

Don't prevent him

(it)

:

h^h^Tntiahn attikalkilau,

-A-^K-lut.

The moon prevented me from

sleeping: 03.^^:

^iAAi'?^{r":/iA^K caraqa alastaiinannimm dlac. o o o •

-^

PRE— PRI

230

i'hAhA takalakkala. must be prevented: ^hAhA» yikkalkal,

prevented, be,

He

(it)

v.p.

pi. -A* K -lu.

He

(it) is

^^hAhAs

not to be prevented:

aikkal-

kal, pi. -A* « -lu,

^A+^T*

previously, adv. price,

s.

asqaddim^'o.

*Pp waga.

What

price?
is its

:

:

^fl^

••:

wdgau

sfnti

nau? o It fetched a

sata prick,

v.t.

good price:

Mli^'-'lYiaM'. akkul'^o ta-

(s.v. hilli).

mV*feA tanaqqwwla.

a)p

wwgga

A thorn has

(^^wg-).

pricked me: lxY>V'-a3p^K

is^'oh wcJg-

gafi (-oh^wg-).

pricked, be,

v.p.

(prick oneself,

i'mp tawwgga

v.r.)

(tauai-).

Take care you

don't prick yourself: IviH^iDpi-

ndattiwwwgga, ...yourselves: prickle,

v.t.

h«Ah"A kwajsakkwwsa (-swkkosa).

prickly, adj. hoAV>,A

pride, priest,

s.

s.

kwwskwassa.

Vh^'^ kiirdt (§8). hot kdhin, pi. also *feA

s.

hUT^

kdh(i)ndt

q^es, pi. also *&Aa>-A^ q^esjCust

^fiohtl-f-'^

princess,

q^esaiist^oc (-cc

(§ 8).

(§ 8),

and

§ 6).

(Df^WC wdizar'' o (w&^i-, -zar-), pi. also atf^HllC

waizdzir r-HTiC^ -zdzir^oc (-cc print,

-oiT-k -wwcJggu.

v.t. 'h't'iTD

S 6)1.

hattama [hi'tm dttama).

printed, be, v.p. ^i'tro tdttama. It is (has

been) printed

:

;^^^A «

tattim5al.

It ought to be printed: j&;f-h?"«VnCK yittattam

ndbbiir.

PRI—PRO

231 printed, cause (allow) to be,

have

I will

allaiii^ (§

prison,

M-i'oD asattama

v.t.

7d).

^nii^'-H^ yagiz^dtb^et

s.

(§ 68).

printed: M^aD*Pli'l[^» asattimau-

it

(y^et).

b et (y). yamdfr b>et

fftC.-n.^ yiisfr fir^jtC.-n,^

You must go

(y-).

to prison: ;''rtC« tdsar,

pi. ;^'A4-»

tdsaru. o

Take care you

don't go to prison:

ndattittdssar, pi.

He must

hlfi'lr^f'flCi'-

-ssaru.

-rt4-s:

go to prison:

/i;^rtC•.: yittdsar,

go to prison:

^;f'f^^^iV:'• tittassarallah,

pi. -rt<-::

-saru. o

You

will

-^A^-U' K -ralldccyuh

pi.

If he

is

(§

7d).

found, he will go to prison

^j^?^*^

(§

fl,7^

:

^)' yittdssaral, pi. n,T5^

••

s^;''rt^AK

j&;i'rt/{-/V-

k big-

gduiiu yittassarallu.

He is in prison:

;''ft/J;A::

tasroal, pol.

& pi.

r^'ft^VAK

A«

taf dttoal,

tdsraual.

He

has come out of prison

pol. r

prisoner,

s.

&

pi. Mr

i'^^'l*;!:

:

I'^^-f-'PA:: tafattaiuil. o

o

htl^^

o

asrdiiiia (-ran-).

(of war) 9"Cli^ mirk^'^'dfifia.

J^Ch mirk^^o. o

See prisoner,

be taken,

prisoner, take,

v.t.

v.

§

o2a,

p. i'^^iHh

S.

tamarraka.

'^^h marraka.

private, adj. (ground, etc.) InAliA kilikkil.

probably, adv. J^77^ dfngat

(-gat).

(standing alone)

proclamation, procreate,

v.i.

s.

&

hV"^ audj t.

f^W^^n

yih'^Snal.

(§ 8).

aiA^ wallada

(wal-, wcJl-).

:

PRO—PRO procure,

profit,

(for hire)

v.t.

procurer,

232 aqqattara

(-tar-).

h^^'ld aqqatdri.

s.

^C^

s.

h^md

Vd.

What

tirf.

V&P'^ ffre^^oc (-cc § 6). did you make? i^'J:^OA^^'^^¥OK

ffr^e, pi.

profit

min yahl atarraf h? o o o •'

profit,

h'tdd. atarrafa

v.i.

hAVlA

prohibited, adj.

promote,

v.t.

(-tar-).

kilfkkil.

iEyaod cdmmara.

VoD promoted, be,

s^'oma. o

oma

v.p. •i'T^ao tas''

tacammarallat

i'fiH.rm^A^

§43a;

When

(-l^fi

?

you act

-mk,

like that

(impers.

47a).

were you promoted?

tas^omh If

§

(tas-).

-t\k, §

you

<wi^

.•

i'?s'jr*0

ss

mdc^^e

7d).

will

not get promoted

?l'}^0.•'n;^^C*7:>i^6a«w»CAU9":: ndih yittadarg

aiccammarillihim. O O o o o •

•

pronunciation,

s.

MplC

annagdgar

(-gar).

'}*7*7C nigiggir.

proper, adj.

(-ly,

adv.) flflJ-A b|ul (badl,

Use the

Do

it

properly:

fliiJ-

At the proper time This

is

^j^C7a>-

:

:••

(§ 11).

baiil

^rgau

(§ 7c?).

(["ULoh : bagiz^eu.

not the proper place: ^0:ft*P^flM^»^^

/^A:: yfhe

property,

:

A

article

§ 8).

s. h'Tl-'h

sifrdumm

(§

kayt (kaf t

§

37&) aidal. 7d).

Itn-n ganzab

(-ay).

t'd^^ nfbrat

(nfyr-, -riit).

PRO—PTE

233 proportion,

tawdrad

+'P
s.

(taud-).

Pay them in proportion to their work:

h'if^fi^^at'i

ndasiraccau vataudrad kifa-

a-f-tp^p^sYid.'i^ah:'.

laccau. o

^^

proportionally, adv. fl+'P^J^ batawdrad (-and-).

prosecute,

v.t. hrtrt

prosecuted, be, prosecutor,

takassasa.

v.p. i'hrtrt

h^Ti kdsds (§8).

s.

prosperous, adj. prostitute,

kassasa.

ti9°

lam

(lam).

^A*^*;^ galam'' ota.

s.

prostrate oneself (in prayer), protect,

proud,

aoh't'

v.t.

mdkkata

v.i.

rt7^

A- la-

(§

sdggada (saggada). 47a).

adj. Vh4- kiiru.

proverb,

i'd^

s.

province,

*7H^ gfzdt

s.

provisions,

tdrat.

(gen.)

s.

(§ 8).

aoil^ nidbil

(-ayi-).

use while travelling) hll'k^ asqwwtta. (for

provoke,

v.t.

Don't provoke him pi.

He

(it):

/*">4» sinq.

h:^tl'^^aha attasqwcuttau,

-/n-^K -ttut.

(it) is

provoking:

rtii>*-'^ft*fe^AK

sau yasqwwt-

tal.

He (it) is very provoking (to me): fjjig

prudence,

?iE'*7s^A'fe^?AK

yasqw' wttaiiiial.

s.

-flA'/^ bflhdt (§ 8).

prudent, adj. 'flAU bpih. Is

he prudent in business? nfgd yilih (§ 7d, § 8) nau?

Primus psalter,

insititia, s.

s.

A'}*7jt'"flA0sVflJ-K la-

"hlX^f* (l)nkwai

(§

52a,

8).

-8*^^ dauit.

Pterolohinm abessinicum (Guidi, Vocab. p. 289), +'}mi. qantdffa.

s.

PTI—PUN

234

Ptilonorrhynchus alhirostris (Guidi, Vocab.

p. 569),

s.

*PC^ warda.

pudding,

mi-'^ tafdc

s.

hfi*?

pudenda, pufF,

Pulex pull,

s. -flA-Th

?i^:hA

v.t.

irritaiis,

v.i.

&

Pull

:

iff

s.

ala

'^'fl

'^l^^ qwunfcca

(§

52a,

S).

(sdya).

M^i-H

:

Don't pull

it:

attisdy, pi.

:••

sdyau,

fi^(D*v,

it:

44a).

(s.v. J(\^, §

a say, pi. Ofl- « sayu.

Don't pull Pull

billit (§ 52a, y).

on sdba

t.

(§ 8).

aldwa (alaua).

« -yu.

pi. -fl-^K -yut.

MfiHohw

pulled, be, v.p. i'On tasdba

-fl"

attisdyau, pi. -fl*^K -yut

(tas-, -dya).

pumpkin, wild (Cucm^bita maxima, Broun, Cat. ^'A punish,

v.t.

209),

s.

qil.

+"1 qatta.

Punish him: Punish them:

4*^(0-:*.

qitau, pol.

^^^oha

^^m-^K

y^qtut.

qitdccau, pol. Jl4*fp,^
yiqtwdccau.

Don't punish him

m-^B

:

M^^ahn

attfqtau, pol. Iij&4»

aiqtut.

Don't punish them

:

h^^^^ah «

attiqtdccau, pol.

^^4'fp,^a>-« aiqtwdccau.

Did you punish him?

^fflVohi'.

qdttahau?, pol.

«l»m-^K qattut?

punished, be,

He

will

v.p. ^•+"1 taqatta.

be punished: JR+'HAk yiqqattal,

pi.

-^A-k

-ttdllu.

He

should be punished: JI+^'Ik yiqqdta,

-tu.

pi. -/n«K

K

PUN— PUT

235

He

should not be punished

-m«K

hf,^^ «

:

aiqqata,

pi.

-tu.

Has he been punished? ++T;tA::

taqattoal, pi.

-Tl-'PA:: -ttaual?

punishment, pupil,

4*^^ q^dt

s.

(§ 8).

(learner) 'h'^^J tamari.

s.

(of eye)

'dd^ bfrat

aolH^ ma^zdt

purchase,

s.

purchase,

v.t.

1H

purchased, be,

52a, y).

(-riit; §

(§8).

g'^zza.

v. p.

+7H

tagdzza.

pure, adj. T<- tfru (t^ru). pure, be, purify,

m^ tarra.

v.i.

v.t.

ha\^' atarra.

purple, adj. '^'h'^ cagiimma.

purpose, on,

—use gerund of hati' duwaqa.

did not do

I

it

on purpose:

Ai£D''&!h'\^<:*7iM^::

{tuuqq^e aladdrraghum.

suppose you sent him

I

purpose

:

assdsitiih

lamm purr,

v.i.

purse,

by mistake.

(it)

Ai^ft'hU : AlTKiOMDje,

^IZ.A^AJ'" • hiD-* ! Vfl^

:••

lakhauwwf? (lakkau-

(§§ 6,

7d) auttqq^'d

(§

8)

§ 7(^i?; § 6).

nau.

h'iy\d^ ankwarrafa. h
s.

"7^^ maffida. pus,

s.

push,

aolfii magil.

v.i.

&

Push:

t.

l4- gafFa.

'74-::

gffa, pi. *7^:: gffu.

Don't push: Am4-:: attfgfa, pushed, be, v. p. "fli- tagaffa. put,

v.t.

hf^/il addrraga.

Md angora. o

htl^aom asqammata.

— No, on

pi.

-f ::-fu.

— aidal-

:

PUT— PUT Where

236

did (have) you put

adarraghau?,

pi.

it?

f-^'-h^dlVahn yet yet adarra-

^^••hf^^p'^ih^i--

? ff^ccihut O o Where did (has) he put it? ^^--hf^^nahix yet

adarragau?, I

where he (has) put it: ^^^.Id^Tryadarragabbatin alauqira.

^Afl>«4*J^K

here

it

7d), pi.

§

Put

linj) * ^J?:C^fl^ k

:

t^

down:

it

-T-^s -gut?

\now

don't

Put

pi.

kazzih adrigau (^rgau

K -gut.

hil^^^anD^i'.

asqammitau, '_

tut.

Put

it

pi. -tn'^r.

_

right: na^A••>iJ?:C^fl^K baiil drgau,

pi.

-'b^»

-gut.

Put

it

on the table:

vatau

Put

—

it

lai

back

anurau, :

pi.

(n(\^ahsf{j!,:h'hdahi-- baga-

-4-^k -rut.

ao^iioh s mallisau,

pi.

-A-^ « -sut.

Use the jussive of other verbs Put it near that I may see it ^C'fl.- j&U-'}:?i'}^f
qiry yihun

(s.v.

JVcfi) inddiau.

put, be, v.p. •f'^d.1 tadarraga.

Where was

put? P»^s+^^7k yet taddrraga?,

it

pi.

-T-K -gu? It is to

be put here: httU:J&^^*7M kazzih yiddarag,

pi. -7«K -gu.

put away,

v.t. flirty

wassada

(wws-).

Put it away: (D'Cl^ahn wdsadau, pi. -^^« -dut. Put them away: ahf^^^(D'i' wiisaddccau, pl.-^^flH" -dwdccau.

put away, be,

Has

it

v.p.

+iDrt^ tawassada (taud-,

-ws-).

been put away? i'tttil^^n tauwsd6al?,

-^
pi.

rUT— QUA

237

put in

(inside, indoors),

Put

hid agabba.

M(\ah» dgyau,

in:

it

v.t.

Put them

pi.

hlO'^a

M(V^ahii agvdccau,

in:

dgyut. pi.

-OJfaha

-vwdccau. o •

Don't put

in:

it

^;^*7flfl^K attdgyau, pi.

-fl-'^::

-yut.

Don't put them in: ^l;^*7fl^a^K attagyaccau,

pi.

-Q/fahii -ywdccau.

Put the table

inside: in;^<»«'}sh'7fli»-K gayataun

dgyau.

put

in, (etc.) be, v.p. 7fl

Has

g^bba.

been put inside? l-AjtA"^ k gaytoallwf?

it

(s.v. (Df!>).

put out,

v.t.

htD^

awo^tta (aua>-).

(extinguish) haii^ atdffa.

Put the dog out: ahTiahlshahfiohn wtissaun autau.

Put the

out:

li":ht

••

hT4- « mavrdtun

dtfa.

Don't put python,

§

s.

it

out: h:f"?4-aha attdtfau.

H'J^ zand^'o.

refers to

tJie

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

quail (Perdrix coturnix, Guidi, Vocab., p. 663), *!?"> dircit (§

quality,

s.

quantity,

52a,

S).

'^f/i^ ^inat (-nat). s.

Ah

likk.

s.

JtC

QUA— QUI quarrel,

s.

238

YlCtlC kirikkir.

What is

the cause of the quarrel? eyiCVlC:9"h'>^^:

9^'ii'iahii

quarrel,

v.i.

yakirikkir miknydt mfn-nau?

'h'nA tatalla.

i'h^h^ takarakkara (-karakkar-). Don't quarrel: Ai^^Ak attittala, pi. -rt-K -lu. If you quarrel I shall dismiss you both: 'd^^fi"I^A;^^l^ ^rtT'n;^^A A-V^ :: bittittallu hulattdc•

cyuh assanabbitaccyuhallau^ quarrelsome, adj. T^fl? tigabanna quarter,

s.

(V4)

A»^^?

12c).

7*^^,

(-ay-, -an-).

arattfnna.

[hj^-fl (i)rub

quarter troops on,

(§§

(-liy).

v.t. 'tfl^-'Clf^^'-d-

saddada ba-

tasari

(ya-;§47a).

quartered on, be,

gabba ba-

No

(of troops) i'rt^-'lflsfl- tasari

v. p.

(ya-

;

§

47a).

troops will be quartered on them

flfl^iD-jpK tasari (So2a, S)

queen,

s.

:

'fA^

'•

h^l

aigavabbdccaum.

'}*7/*'^ nfgist (§ 8).

queer, adj. 7-^ gud. question,

s.

question,

v.t.

T^'fe tiyydqJ^e.

m?^

Question him

tayyaqa

questioned, be,

quick

m|&4»a>* « tdyyiqau.

:

Question them v.p.

(-yiiq-).

:

ai^^^ahn

tayyiqdccau.

i'm^'P tatayyaqa

(-yaq-).

(in action), adj. *I'A^4' (jaltaff a. iLm'-^ fataii (fat-; -anii

quick, be,

v.i.

§G;

^fimd, qalattafa. •f-ti^-'hii

t^'olo dla (s.v. VflA,

<{.mV fattana (fattiina).

§

44a).

§ 8).

QUI— QUI

239

Be quick:

-f A-:nA::

t^dlo yal,

pi. "f A-.-nA*::

t^dlo

valu. o

He

be quick:

to

is

-fft-sj&flAK t^olo yfyal, pi. -/V-k

-lu.

h^timd, aqalattafa.

quick, cause to be,

v.t.

quickly, adv.

t^olo, usually with

-f /t"

gerund of

hli

(§ -i^a).

Fetch

quickly:

it

antau

-f A".*'nAU:f»J'"'^fl^K

(§ 7f/), pi.

laccyuh

(§

Come back

t^dlo yllah

-f A-"flA^ih:^^m-^::

t^dlo ^-

7d) antut.

quickly:

lah tamalas, o o o

•^iiri'UtiVi't'mititii'.

pi. "f/t" 'flA^U* ^

••

l^^wiArt- k

t^^'dlo yf-

t^^dlo

-"^

vi•

o

idccyuh tamalasu. o o o *'

He

to

is

come back

quickly:

t^dlo yfl^o yimmalas,

pi.

-f A"-*'flA-sj&£w>Aft::

-f A"

••

'flAiD-

••

J&«niAA«

••:

yimmdlasu. t^dlo vflau o o o o o •

quicksilver,

s.

*'

flH.^ baz^eqa.

quiet, adj. (silent, of

animate objects) ll9^i'^ zimmi-

tafifia (-tan-).

(silent,

of inanimate objects)

Hgu

[J^JCT-

(Jrgu).

(tame) 1^-9^ garrdm (inoffensive)

IC gar

(§ 8).

(giir).

(patient) '^P-r-V cfmmit. Is

this

mule quiet?

vaql^'o

A

n4'A"! l^J^s

Vi»-::

yfhe

garrdm nau?

quiet place: 6n;Ti-Th-'fA.Afl^sft^^-- ciihat yaPallilbbat

(§

395) sifra.

A quiet person: quiet,

j&ll.-

v.t.

TiJ^-'^irtY

'^JT'^.-Aoh--

zimm

assanna.

cimmft

(§

8) sau.

QUI— QUI quiet, be,

240 (silent,

v.i.

of animate objects) 119^ --hti

zimm

of inanimate objects) [?i]^^

(D^'f o"

ala o (silent,

ga.

(undisturbed)

VQA,

S.v.

Be

quiet: 'Hl'^snA::

§

KT

•*

44a;

zimm

hti satt dla. §

6Sd,

e.

bal, pi. Tfi^sflA-K

zimm

balu. o

them

Tell

to

be quiet:

h7C

Is the country quiet?

yiloallwi?

H^^'-f.fitt'i'.

zimm

J^T 'fl^A"/i ••

••

•.••

yfyalu.

dgar satt

©Ji).

(s.v.

down and be

quiet: 'H9"s'flAU.*i'*l»<w>TK

bflah taqamat,

pi. 'HiP'••'flA^l^!'^+fl^•.•.

Sit

zimm zimm

bildccyuh taqdmatu. quietly, adv. 119^

quietly, act,

Do it

v.i.

or

*f*A

qass with ger. of hti

^tl hii qass dla ••

VflA,

(s.v.

§

dla.

44a).

quietly: ^tli'dtiV'-h^Cla}".: qass yilah drgau

(§ ^^^)»

pl

+A

!

'flA^i> s ^JtC7"Th K qass yildccyuh

7d) drgut.

(§

quinine,

zimm

s.

hJ^*? kinina.

quite, adv. flfl>-A bawiil (bauiil, baiil

n^ns^ batam

Was

it

;

§ 8).

(§ 8).

VACk

bautil

in: fl'HJ^iAiA'in?"::

batam

quite boiling?

nabbar ? o It has not gone quite algdbbam.

flio-A-'^CA-fs

falt^ o o

Quite'hot: ^In-H- tfkkiis

(ttik-;

§ 8).

RAC— RAI

241

R paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

§ refers to the

race,

radish, raft,

rag,

rage,

(zar).

rtT'bT' sandfic

s.

{%

52a,

8).

^Tf>\ tdnkwa.

s. s.

HC zar

(tribe)

s.

carq.

fla.C4»

\i'Cd>f

s.

kwdrfya.

'^"l qwiitta. rage, get into (be in)

The

sum

(river),

s.

v.i.

&

t.

taqwwtta

*tf'JP:i'*feT'f'^s

taqw&jtif'ot ndbbiir. 7i{^4- sfmfa.

raid (raiding party), raid,'

v.t.) i-'fe"!

chief was in a rage with him;

iflC:-.

Rahad

(with,

a, v.i.

s.

tlao^ zamdca

(§ 8).

tod^ woJrrara. o o

(Dp wojgga

(^'w'-).

They (have) raided our

territory: hl^'^-'i'isw'b^K

agardccinin wwggut. raided, be, v.p. 'batp If our territory

tawwgga is

(taucJ-).

raided,

pensation from you

we

(pol.):

(\'^'i'i•.hCf^?*^'h'}^L^p^'i''^

shall require

com-

^i7^^'}:n,fli^:T}M

agjiraccin biwwo^gga

ganzaydccinin karsa'^^o nnifalligallan. f nn-C.-<w»'J7j^ yiibdbur (yaydyur; §70) m^ngad. Railway stores: fnfl-C:/*"}4's yababur (yayayur;

railway,

§

s.

8) sinq.

railway-station,

s.

ao^'^f maq^'dmya. oDih'n mahatta. o

railway-train,

s.

ao'i\)»^M-C mankwojrdkwiir.

PJ^j^C:nn-C yiimdfr bdbiir (ydyur). AM. GR.

(ll)

16

'

RAI— RAP rain,

zmab

TlT'd

s.

Heavy rain,

242

rains

it

rainbow,

s.

(-dy

•-

-ava). (zan-, ^ o

'

d.li'J'fl

;

§ 8).

;

7"C^ gwwrf.

:

zannaba o o o

HVfl

v.i.

'

If

rain

'^il'ti^tw'^ qasta

(§

dammdna

9d)

yamdryam

B. ^"lC^9^''ao'^h^

nat

o

•

bizaniv.

••

(§ 8).

70)

maqan-

\}d9"^''fif,l(\i

kiramt

(§

(-nat).

rains (rainy season),

\}d9"^ kfrdmt

s.

Before the rains come on:

(§ 8).

saioava. raise,

M**! andssa.

v.t.

Raise

it

ht^Oh »

:

raise into sight, raised, be,

v. p.

v.t.

ansau,

h'ia^^ « ansut.

pi.

biqq

'fl^'s^ft^T

a-t^lrraga.

i^i*^ tanassa.

must be raised: ^V*^k yinnasa,

It

If

it

were raised

dah^on

81c,

(§

pi. -ip-ss -su.

f i'V'^ hlfi^lfi ••

:

yatanassan-

••

pi. f'f'Vu»«.-?i'J^(f'>:

^),

yatanas-

siindah^'^on. o

raisin,

ram,

s.

fli^Jt

s.

ramrod, rank,

HfU'fl

s.

s.

-

zabib (zayiv

fl*?

;

8

§

52a,

§

;

w&jndi bag (yag

§

;

8).

o4&).

fmfl^^!H'>*7 yatabdnja (-ayd-;

(line)

rtA¥

§

70) zang.

salf (salf ).

(position) Thao^ siimat (-mat).

Ranunculus rapid, adj.

sp., s.

^A^^^ d,m^

^ahV « (\C(i& yauha barbar^^e

(yiirya).

qaltaffa.

fatlii (fat-; -diin

§

6

§ 8).

;

rapidly, adv. -fA" f'olo. rapidly, act,

v.i.

f'olo ala

^f't\r••h^

(s.v.

VflA,

§

44a).

*l»Am
J.O

•

•

o

o

<{.mV fattana (fattiina). o

•

•

o

It dries (up) rapidly: yfl^

o yidanjal.

o

^

•

•

o

'

-f A"!'nA":/K,^C^A»

t'^dlo

RAP— REA

243 rapidly, cause to act,

Miiaid, aqalattafa.

v.t.

rapidly, cause to travel,

v.t.

hlfllA ag(g)asaggasa.

Please cause him to travel rapidly: pol. htlii^lti *7rt-^ K

istiyagasgisut,

.

.

cause them

.

.

.

-lft*70,

-orasffisw^ccau.

Tpfli-::

rapidly, travel,

ahun

•7^::

gasaggasa.

7rt7rt

v.i.

now and

Start

.

travel rapidly: ^ih'>-"M/*'+U:lft

tanastiih

74&) gasgis,

(§

pi. ^^l^'}:'^V

dhun tanastdccyuh

/*';^'fl^••^ft•7A«:•.

(§

7d) gas-

gisu. rat,

s.

h^*?

ayit

usually

({lit),

f.

(§

54c;

§

52a,

S).

Infested with rats, adj. ^Ji^H?"-' jlyitdm rations,

qallab

s. *l*A'fl

H

(-ay).

S^'i'X'A sandsil.

rattle,'

s.

rattle,

v.i.

•

\\

hii

••

See that

it

?i'>^j&A::

ravage,

(dit-; § 8).

v.t.

'O

O

kwa

dla

(s.v.

VflA,

44a).

§

doesn't (they don't

kwa

§

52a, S) rattle

:

\\''

nddil.

H^
(zar-).

(Odd wwrrara. o o raw, adj. T<2.

We

don't eat

s.

razor,

it

(them

§

Gl6) raw: T
•.:

annivalam. O- O

tir^e •O

ray,

tir>e.

*P'A'>*P'A cildncil. s.

l^AT* mildcc

Don't touch

(§ 8).

my razor(s § 52a, S)

:

ir»A6Rp'>: Ai^'JhaJ-.:

mildcc^en attinkau. o o •

reach,

It is

reach,

•

s.

v.i.

out of reach:

&

t.

^^A "^

"-ba-(ya-; I can't

reach

?i4-4*sVa>-K iriiqA O

nau. O

darrasa, or constr. with htlh- iskao o o o o §

47a).

it:

fiA^CAfll'i^K aldarsibbatim.

16—2

KEA— REA He

244

did not reach

(it)

me

before

I

started

:

fiM*^'

« salinnassa aldarrasafinim. h^S!^^fli^9° »* o o o o o

You

reach

will

it:

^^Cftfl;^AU k tidarsibbatallah,

pol. /^^Cfrn;^A:•. yidarsubbatal, pi. ^^CA•fl;^'V

tidarsubbatalldccyuh

'^ihi'.

Did you reach not

it? ^^ftUfl^::

frfihH^ K darrasdccihubbat o o O o reach, cause to,

read,

&

v.i.

t.

ddrrashibbat?

can

read

read

I can't

it

(ava).

it

:

reading,

(§

7d\

mambayu

(§

30)

ready, be, (get), Is

he r^

He

^^

not read

s. ^fl-fl

(it)

63c).

Md'Pii'^ii anabbauallau^

'^'jnn-.-KjS.pf^A^r k

:

{§

aiccdlannim. o o I will

ft^

"^

Mdfi anabbaba

(will)

pi.

?

Can you read? ;^inAOK tanabballah? Read it: hlr'adahn ambiyau (§ 7d). I

(-s-h-,

h^dfi addrrasa. o o o

v.t.

'

'

7d).

^^frn^K ddrrasubbat?,

pol.

-S-, § 3),

(§

it

:

AvAVflfl^?" «

nibdb (nfydy v.i. 'f^A*?-^

alanabbaum. o o

§ 8).

;

tasanadda

(§

6Sd,

e).

ready? i'A'i'Jt;tAK tasandditoal? (-ndrt-

d), pi.

-i-'PAK -taual?

ought to have been ready: j&A'i'^-'VflCK yissanadda nabbar, pi. -^.'Vfl^-:! -ddu ndbbaru. (it)

When

will

he

(it)

yissanaddal?,

be ready? /wi^rj&rtT'^AK mdca

pi. -'i'-^A-k

-naddallu?

Get ready: i'A'i'^K tasanada,

Be ready

before dawn:

pi. -H-a -du.

A|imfl-*'f'A'i'^K saitdya ta-

sandda. I

I

am ready i'A Vj^^^A'V^ k tasanildiccallau^ (§ 7d). am not ready: h^i'fl'tH0'9°i-- altasaiiaddahum. o :

•^

I shall

o

be ready before sunrise: mii^sA^fli^.'Jirt

'•'^A'V^K tahai

saiwwta i.ssanaddallau'\

REA— REB

245

make

ready,

Get

it

assanadda.

(get), v.t. hii'iH

ready: hA^fiahn assanddau,

Haveyougot it

pi.

-H-^a -dut.

ready? M^fiVaha assanaddahau?,

? hA'i^'^0'^ a assanadddccihut O O

pi. •IT

You ought

to have got

it

ready: h'ii'i^fl't^ah''

nabbar. VnCs antao tassanaddau o o Vfi'-f^^d.-iin mfsa yfqray Get lunch ready: really, adv. f^ao-^ yfnaut

[Kp

(s.v. 'Pi').

(i)kk^6 (uk-

-Oh -U

{s.v.

;

alone,

&

suffix).

(q.V.).

fl^ biyya

(§ 8).

(expressing mild impatience or surprise) hd, ara! o o

I really didn't

mut This

see

him

(it):

j&tfi»">:hAfih1-J^K yi-

aldyyiihutim.

is

really

It is really

it

}/oti

:

f^l)--

'hdA^ k ylhe

that (have) killed

naukk" 6.

him

(it)

:

hli'ahs

VO f 7^ Alifl^ K antau niih yagaddiilhau. ••

Was this really so ^U ?

h'^ dna

&

v.i.

reason,

s.

t.

know:

is

••

IfV

:

Hy k

/i-4*J^«

yihe nd^eh

dra alauqiml

^i6El>^ '^9?|<^la (-cada).

(cause) l^Vl V'^

What

M^V

biyya ?

I really don't

reap,

•

miknydt

(§ 8).

the reason? nn^^'|5:JP"Jj?.-C:Va>-:: mik-

nydtu mfndir nau ? ^ o o o For no reason: ^AJ^lfl7^^.* yalamfknyat, or ^yohs (f)ndyau (§ 8).

haoai^ amatafuia

rebel,

s.

rebel,

v.i.

(-tan-).

i^V*^ tanassa, against,

haoai

ammata

fl-

ba- (va-;

^

47a).

M

REB— REC He

246

rebelled aorainst him: 'hV"/n^K tandssabbat,

i'ii*»-n^K pi. 1

tabbat, O O

pi.

•

rebellion,

s.

dmmao

haoabH^a ammatubbat. o o •

-"^^

hao'V ainat.

rebellion, incite to,

He

or^<wimfl^:: tanassubbat; o o o

v.t.

them

incites

sammitdccaual,

Maom

/

asammata. o o •

^^9"^^
to rebellion: pi.

caual. e

rebound, receipt,

v.i.

s.

Wait receive,

Vm
(-tar-).

(acknowledgment

of) 9"A7i mfllds

(§ 8).

for the receipt: l^Ai!f^^s*fej&K milldsun qw5i.

v.t.

i'^dli taqabbala. o o o o

(take over) i"^hfl tarakkaba (tardk-, -ava). v.i.

(give audience) i'lT taganna.

your

I received

letter: pol. ^'fl^H.P'.-^^iA^K day-

dabb^^e^o darrasan. o o o I

did not receive your letter: pol. ^'fl^fl.f'sKA^^l davdabb^^e^'o aldarrasafinim. o o o

ti^9°i''

o

o

Does the Emperor receive to-day? J&7?/V- K nigiis zdr^'e

reception-room, reckon,

v.i.

&

M^fi

adddras

^a\d qwwttara

t.

reckoned, be,

s.

yiggannallu

v.p. i"fem^l

'i'b^*':H&s

?

(§ 8).

(-tar-).

taqwfJttara

(-tar-).

This (that) was not reckoned: f,V hM"i^a\d9^ » yfhe altaqwcuttaram. ••

recognise,

Do I

v.t.

hat^ jiuwaqa (-wwq-;

you recognise him

(it)?

should recognise him

nabbar

§

QSd,e).

haf^Uahn tiuwwqhau?

(it):

hah^ay-'-'ifid''

(§§ 26, 81c).

recognised, be,

v.p. ;^flI*l»

tauwaqa

(-wwq-).

auqau

REC—REF

247 reconciled, be,

v.i. 't'Cl'^ao-

tasamammu (tasam-;

§

QM,e).

are not reconciled: ^Ai'rt'^flo-^K altasa-

They

mdmmum. They

^

not be reconciled: ^J&rt*^
will

aissa-

mdmmum. recount,

v.t.

recover,

v.i.

+
(tai'-).

(from illness) ^V dana. i"^Afl>§

He

(it) will

recover:

tasdlau

(tils-

•^

jZ.Jt«i"AK yidinal,

pi.

o

o

f^^'^/^"

^-^

will

(it)

impers.

43a).

yidinjillu.

He

;

not recover: h^J^^?""- aidinim,

-num. Have you recovered?

pi.

->-i^::

+?fAU:'. tasdlah?, pol. -A?'«

-la^? rectangular, adj.

^^^

••

'^H^ ^Aa^

four corners

[lit.

aratt

••

«

(§

52a) which

mazan

(§

yallau

14) has

have)],

rectum,

qwwst.

*fe7i^

s.

red, adj. +J& qai (qayy

Red soil

:

(^dOC

§ 6).

b'^

orab^or o

Od"}^ b^^oranq red, be,

Red

v.i.

Sea,

s.

+A

(av^^ or). \

o

•

'

(§ 8).

(jalla.

(IthCiKCH'^- bahir (har) ertfra.

red-hot, adj. 99^ fim.

reed,

s.

ffj^fl*

sambaqci^o.

(large,

Cyperus papy7^iis1) fjil^ dangal. See § 5 2a, 8.

reedbuck (Cervicapra hohor), reflect,

refusal,

refuse,

v.i. s.

ao\\l,

mdkkara

(-kar-).

^»i^n.;^ (pmbita.

s. Itxff:^

M(i)f.

'h^'i:giid(i)f

s.

i\OC b'^ohar

(-ha>r).

(s.v.

!

REF— EEL refuse,

v.i.

&

248 t.

Ji9°(Uihh (f)mbi dla ((i)mbydla).

Use the

neg. conjug. with

S.v.

If

you refuse

VnA,

dla.

44a.

§

hi^ns-n^A* mbi

:

hH

yittfl, pol. h9"(L''

mbi yilu, pi. hro^i-n^t^-. mbi yittilu (§ 81a, 6). he refuses ?i9"n, fl,A mbi yil, pol. and pi.

dii".

If

'•

:

;

hm-.tltf- mbiyilu. Did he refuse? h9^(L'hti''i mbi hrH'-hti".'.

He

'•

and

pi.

mbiaJu? o

me

refused to give

TO^^ hli^

dla?, pol.

i'.

the money: l^Hfl-^shArt

oranzavun alsatihimm dlan, or 1^

Hn-*} ! h^fia\^9^'' hti ::

dla. ffanzavun alsatannimm o Ooo» oo

He refuses to tell us hM1^'^^h9^^'^^^^K :

alnag-

raccihum yflannal, or ^Ai*7^^jn»:^AVAss alnag-

rannim

yilannal.

regret, interj. expressing

hnt

regret,

s.

regret,

v.t.

h^

:

ai

azan.

hHV azzana AA-

sila- (S 47a).

I regret this: AAH.Oj^'MTA'V'K silazzih aznallau^ o ^ o o o

o

(§§

reign,

s.

-d

26).

ao'il/*'^ mangist.

In King John's reign: 7a, 47a, 70&)

(§§

reign, relate,

ili*»

v.i.

v.t.

relation,

s.

nm.:p-rh^ft!<w>'}*7/*'^: bat^e

yohannis mangist.

naggasa.

i'^h tarraka. o o o

(kinsman) ^

iitro^

'

zamad. o o

a)'i!!:9°

pi.

wcJndim (prop, brother),

also fli7j^'^T^ wwndimS.-

m'^'oc (-OCC pi.

relationship,

s.

§ 6).

Z**^^ sfg^^oc (-6cc

TiJ^j^V zimdfnna.

§

6

;

§ 8).

EEL— REL

249 release,

s.

ao9^^

maftdt

To obtain the release,

(^8).

release

htid,^ asfatta.

of, v.t.

fatta.

v.t. <^.;^

Release him

(it):

Release them:

^^Ohn fftau,

pol. JR*?*^:-- ylftut.

*P;^^f^a^K fitdccau, pol. ^^;i:^£»-K

yiftwdccau. I will release

him

I will release

them

I will not release I

(it):

?l
'hd.:h^*Pt{'^

:

him

ifatauallau^\

:*•

:-.

ifataccallallau^ o o o

o

^A^;^a^J^« alfataum.

(it):

not release them: ^A
will

caum. o released, be, v.p.

tafatta.

't'd,:^*

Has he been released? i'd.^:t^'' & pi. 'i'iL^»t'9^ii tafdtitaual? o o o o

tafdtitoal?, pol.

•^

Is

he

(it)

being released?

Will they be released reliable, adj.

;l-<^*'^

tamdn

'hao-'i

fmiin.

relied on, be, v.p.

^f'ao'i

?

J&<(.;''A« yifFattal?

^
?

(-diin § 6; § 8).

tammana

(ger.

&

part, type

A

§34).

He

(it)

can

(§

03c)

be relied on:

|l;''#w»VA« yit-

tdmmanal, pi. ^^ao^t^n yittammanallu. He (it) cannot be relied on: hf^^ao'if* aittamv.

manim, relieve nature,

Have you

pi. -V-J'":: v.i.

M^iOfl

(i)dddri wwtta.

relieved nature?

wwttahal?, pol.

When

-num.

...:

h^^ alT'^yA »

fliTl^'PA".

did you relieve nature?

••

...

idddri

wwttaual?

ao^:M£:a)^V»

mdca dddri wwttah?, pol. ...* flim-« Are you relieving nature every day?

...

wwttu?

flf+^-'h-^^S*

^ffl^HAUK bayyaqanu dddri tiwwtdllah ?, pol. j&oi^A-::

...

yiwwtallu?

...s

REL— REM

250

Vf^l'i^ haiman''ot.

religion,

s.

rely on,

v.t.

hao'i

ammana.

tammana

;^#|DV

I rely I

on him

do not

remain,

rely

v.i. *fef

& part, type

(ger.

K9"V'PA1r-K amnauallau'^

:

on him

§

35).

{§ 7cl).

alamnaum.

h'i9^'iah9^ «

:

B

qw^yya.

'id n^Sra. o

Mdi' sanabbata (behind, over)

(-bat-).

qarra.

*f*^

i'd^ tarrafa

(tar-).

remain here ten days hnj) h^C ^ti'^i' kazzlh assir qan iqwwyyallau^,

I shall

••

:

h'i'kJftiTfi''

flft^^^ih

pi.

*f»^

pi.

s

?i*fe

,..•

inniqwcuyyallan.

...

Remain where you are qwSi,

•-

:

flft'P^O

:

*fe^

'•

*fej&

«

basifrdh

basiMccyuh

::

(§

*7d)

qwwyyn.

He

has remained for a long time:

(it)

^^A::

bi'zu g|z^e niiroal, pi.

flfrj'I.H.!

WPAk

...:

...

nii-

raual. o

He

go on, I shall remain: ?iCA-!^rh.^As?i2is h+^A'V- irsii yihadal, in> e qarallau^ (§ 7d), pi. will

:••

irsaccau yiha-

hCf^^(D'^'f,th.fi^'ih^'^h'>^^^'}i•' dallu, iiind nniqarallan.

You go 4»Ck

on,

you remain behind: h'Ji'srh.^-'JiW!

anta

(§

anta

8) hid,

qir,

pi.

Mli'^dw^i'-

?iA'>+:4»4-s illanta hldu, illdnta (ifru. AO O O O O O '

remainder,

remember,

'

s.

4*<J»;^

qirr^eta.

^i-d^ yatarrafa

m

f+^yaqdrra

(_

v.i.

&

t.

hftj^flirt ^irtfl

14, 62). „

).

astauwasa O o

(ava). ilssaba o o

See

o

\

§ 03c?, e.

•

o

'

(-wws-). ' ^

REM— REN

251

remember

I don't

astduwooshum I

(it)

it,

not

(-s-h-,

remember him

remind,

(him,

etc.):

al-

-s-, § 3).

?%rt'fll^^ a

:

Mtl^(Dtl0'9" a

dssavhut.

hll^atA astauwasa.

v.t.

Mild asassaba (-aya). o o O o Remind me Mhd^ « asdssivan. oRemind me to write to him to-morrow: •

\

''

:

^I'-hlfg:

T¥A^!Alft;^fl^rt^:•• ndo^a nditffillat astaimsan. O»0 O O*-" O o

You ought

reminded me: ;^^ftn^••inCK

to have

tasd,ssiyan ndbbiir

reminder,

s.

Remington remorse,

remove,

s.

rifle, s.

(§

636).

mastaudsa (-auws).

*nil:f*aili

rtTj^C sanddir (san-).

tiWi azan. o

M**1 andssa.

v.t.

(some distance) (entirely) atiif,

Remove

this:

^UVJ

s

'i'fl

••

hff^dl

wdssada

^^"/fl^

:••

sabb adarraga.

(wc«^s-).

yih^nniin ansaii,

pi.

-u^^ii -sut.

Don't remove

h^'l^toh n attansau,

it:

pi.

-i*»-^::

-sut.

removed, be,

v.p. -f'V"/ tandssa. o

i'oirt^

Has he pi.

(it)

o

^.^

tawdssada

been removed?

(taua-, -ws-).

I'V/^'jtAK tandstoal?,

-I-'PAk -taual? or+fliftJ?^A« taiico'sdSal ?, pi.

-^'PA:: -dauai?

This

is

to

be removed:

/iUs'ffli^K'.'iflJ-::

yfhe

tauwssdi nau. o o «^

removed, have (allow to

be),

v.t.

htKofl^ aswassada

(-WOJS-).

Please have him

(it)

removed:

pol. "hil^^lKotl^^a

istiyaswoj'ssidut.

render,

v.t.

(cause to be) hflf assanna.

REN— REP renew,

h^ii addasa. o o

v.t.

rent,

s.

rent,

v.t.

252

(hire) *1^J&

(§ 8).

^h^f takardyya. hh^f akkarayya.

(take on hire)

on

(let

repair,

kfr^

hire)

hd"^ abdjja

v.t.

Repair

it

:

h'dJ^tD' « ayfjjau.

Repair them: repaired, be,

v.

(ay-, -aj-).

p.

^l'fl^^fl^:: ayijjdccau.

'MIK tabajja

be repaired:

It is to

(tay-, -aj-).

yfbbaj, pi.

J&fljS-K

^fl^s

yib-

bajju.

The watches have been repaired:

rt^-f-f i'dK' ••

^''PAk sadt^oc tavajjitaual. repeat,

^lao daggama

v.t.

Repeat replace,

v.t.

He

it: f:l9^v.

dfgam

+*! takka, by,

fl-

(§

61b).

ba- (ya-;

§

47a).

replaced the mule by a donkey:

flU^

••

i'l}

replaced, be, repletion, reply,

(dag-).

s.

::

baql'^oun yahiyya tdkka.

i"hh tatakka, by,

v.p.

Tp-fl tfgdb (-dy

J^ATf mfllds

s.

Wait

*fe^K

...

;

§

ba- (ya-;

fl-

4Ta).

8).

9"A??''}."fej&::

milldsun qwwi,

pi.

qwwyyu.

& t. Art mallasa (mal-). What did he reply? V^Tf-aDlifti'. min

reply,

§

(§ 8).

for a reply:

...!

fl4»/l"fl^7s

v.i.

&pl. report,

s.

-fr::

mallasa?, pol.

-su?

(news) (D& wwr^e. (of gun) j^i^T dimt.

report, X

v.i.

&

t.

tDd^'-htw^ wwr>e amatta. o *

He

*

reports that they are coming: f<^»j^"'^;^^a^^«

(Dd^ihoD^v. yiimamtatdccaun wcJr^e amatta.

REP— RES

253 reported, be, v.p. ai&iaoit\ wojr^e matta

(§

23a).

It is reported that the river is full: oi'J'M : PT*A

f 'TL A

s

-fl/t"

aid* ! ao"\

••

mfl wwr^e matta repose,

"hCi,^ frfat

s.

represent,

wwnz

ss

(s.v.

VflA,

yam^^'dlla yil'^o

yam-

44a).

§

(-fat).

(portray) 'iA sdla (conjug. like

v.t.

••

OA

to

cough), representative, repulsive, adj.

X^¥

sayydf

v.t.

require,

v.t.
(§

td-

§ 8).

;

f^llaga.

require him

I

(fli-

mf*f* tdyyaqa.

request,

I

(agent) l^i? hundiina (-nan-),

s.

?t
(it):

:••

ifallio-aufillau'^

X'Jii.ATPA^K innifalligauallan.

Id), pi.

do not require him: ^A«5^K pi. ^i'><<.A^a^J'":: •^

Do you

alfdlligaum,

annifallip:aum. o o~ o

o

require him? 'lh<<.A7*PAU

pol. J^,
tifalligutalldccyuh

?

?

:••

pi.

,

^^ tifalligaujilliih?,

^<(.A7•;^A^l^«

Id).

(§

required, be, v.p. 't'^tM tafallaga.

This (that) rescue,

'

v.t.

resemble, It

not required: JRU-*^4*C:! yihe

is

yiqir.

M*! addna. o #n>AA m^ss
v.t.

o

o

^^

resembles a watch: A'J^jj&^wjAAAk sadt yimdslal.

reside,

v.i.

T^

n''

ora. o

taqammata. o o o Where does he (pol.) reside? oi^^si'+J^m'PAK wojd^et taqamtaual? O Ao O 't'^aoax

-"^o

•

•

residence,

s.

(place of) tio'^aD*^

maqqamaca.

(fact of)
residency,

s. fl.l'

s

rwil*?/**^ b^ eta

resolute, adj. ffl>h^

cakkdn

(§

(-fin §

6

(§ 8).

^d) mangist. ;

§ 8).

RES— RET respect,

254

hd,d affara

v.t.

He

(-far-).

doesn't respect him:

h^¥4-^J^K a^dfrutim.

pi.

He

doesn't respect them:

caum,

s.

"hCd.^ Irfat

The

rest,

qirr^eta.

f+<:yaqarra rest

mallis, pi. rest,'

h^^ You are

a^afrfic-

{§ 8).

^i-dd, yatarrafa

Take the

i-

(-fat).

k*&^

s.

hyV^^OhT*

hf^$^^ah9°ii a^afrwdccaum.

pi.

respectful, adj. hi'C affar rest,

h^^-9" k a^dfraum,

back: -fr«

...-

(§§ 14, 62).

„

(

^

).

P«l»
yaqdrraun

-su.

...

drrafa.

v.i.

o

o

go and rest: ^Vl^PVA I Hu^O ?»<:*?!•. dakm^ohal (§ 436) hfdah fraf, pi. ^h*5L^AAI tired:

:

dakmodccyuhal

rlu-^^o-sh^ifis:

7d): hiddccyuh

(§

frafu.

O

O

have finished

I can't rest till I

hf{C^9° K salcarrisau alarfim resting-place, restore,

v.t.

^l.^^ marafya

s.

(S

it:

fi^6a,Ciiahs

63c).

(-raf-).

(return) aohii mallasa (mal-). (repair) h^rt addasa.

restore order, resurrection, return,

v.i.

-ST ddiina.

v.i.

s.

^^"if/i. tinsai. /

^

ao(f\

When

matta.

I return:

sinnimmallas return,

o

o

(-mal-). tamallasa o o o o

'\'aohii

v.t.
When

I

(^

tltrotitii

simmallas,

pi.

tltaolihi

45).

mdllasa (mal-).

return him

ft'}rw>ArtflH

•

(it)

:

(lao^iioh

sinnimallisau.

••

simallisau, pi.

REV— RID

255 reveal,

Idai gallata

v.t.

(g^l-).

revealed, be, v.p. I'lAm tagdllata (-gal). v.i. *7 A-flT

reverse one's position, VflA,

(s.v.

§

•

hii gilbitt

(-lyi-)

ala

44a).

hoD*? Smat.

revolt,

s.

revolt,

v.i.

haom ammata. o o cause to, v.t. Maoai asammata. •

revolt,

revolve,

H^

v.i.

z^'

'tiiatd,

revolver,

reward,

s.

tazauwara. o o o o

Ti'hT siiggut.

tCH

s.

ora.

giirsa.

rheumatic, adj. ^C*?*n^9^ qwfirtimdtdm

rheumatism,

s.

'^C'V'n^ qwiii-timdt

rheumatism, have, §

4:3a

;

v.i.

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

^^daioDOh qwwrdttamau (impers.

§ 63f/, e).

Have you got rheumatism?

«feCT*r*yA»

qwwr-

tim^^ohal?, pol. *feCTT*}P;^A:•. qwwrtim^^ o'^tal

He

has rheumatism

She has rheumatism rhinoceros {B. rib,

hicortiis),

*feC'P*^;'"A

:

s.

:••

qwwrtimoatal.

^^fl^^^ft aurdris (-ris).

l"ft:l gw&jdin.

s.

>^'}:KT'}4' gwaJdin

See rich, adj. (wealthy)

§

fl-hrt.

rich, be,

v.i.

hfl^i

v.i.

&

t.

ifalliffdllau*\ o^*

(hayt-, haft-;

§ 8).

(bar-).

(Broun, Cat. 528) T^A^ gwulqwa.

s.

tasaqqala

want to ride o o

habtdm

'h+m taq ammata. •i^rt+A

I

52«, y.

bukkas^e.

kabbara

Ricinus commwu's,

Stint.

flAmp balatagga. V-n-J-r

ride,

?

•feCT'P;^A « (iwcJrtim'' otal.

:

o

:

(tas-).

A4»<wjT

••

?t
A^ Al^ «

liqqammat

:

:

KID— RIN You

256

you

(A) ride the pony,

(B)

must walk: hti'i

—

o

rasun tiqqammatallah, dnta yagrih

(§

52a, 7)

ti-

hadallah.

Does he ride ridge-pole,

s.

well? 't^'l'^iiahii

taqammaci nau?

p^9^ g^dim.

ridiculous, adj. ao^H^^ masaqya. right,

s.

adj.

&

adv. (-hand) 4*^

qaftfl.

[n]^h (ba)likk

(correct)

(§ 8).

dahna (§ 8). dagg (dagg).^

^'i'?

(proper) ^*7 quite)

(adv.,

flio-A

bddl

_

bawtil § 8).

;

(imr batam

(S 8).

On your right: ¥%\)'i'' qaniiihin (§ 56^). When you come to the hill go to the tl^^Ch fl+^ du^ (siddars) yaqann hid. 't^^tD'Tf i

••

!

This

is

— (proper)

:

^U

:

^*7

••

Vfl>«

the right way (to do

(it)

went

yihe daggi nau ?

:•

it,

h'i^V'.^tl-'iahi'. indih Ifkki ^ o o o

He

right:

tardraun sittidars

••'•

^l): Ah^Vio-:: yfhe likki

Is this right (correct)?

nau ?

(S ^0

for

to be, etc.)

it

7d)/ nau. o

right in: (\m9°:l(\'.i

batdm gabba.

All right (approving): Jii>7K yihun, or KlLa

They are

all

^

(bautil,

right: ^'V*?! Wi»-k

issi.

dahnd

ndccau. o (

= safe

:

of ground, water,

It's all

deep,

right

etc.):

cUl (§§ 37r/,

rigid, adj.

rind,

s.

m'ih^

^CV^

tatikarra.

qfrfit.

(it will

etc.)

bear,

it's

not too

n9^:hf,^"' mfnimm

44a,

s.v.

VOA).

«

RIN— KOA

257

4»An^ qdlabat

ring,

s.

ring,

v.i.

&

(-ay-, -at).

^©A dauwala

t.

Ring the

(-w&)l-).

bell: ^^drl-'fi^ahliahti qdcilun dduwti-

lau. o

ripe, adj. -flftA bfsil.

yabdssala (yaya-;

fflrtA

These •

52a, S) alvassalam. 'O oo

(S \"

'

Are there any

ripe figs? fnAAiflAAshAK yavds-

sala vdlas alia o

ripen,

o

•

o

?

o

AAA

v.i.

14, 62).

are not ripe; JZ.U:nAfl-'^AnAAi^» ylhe

figs

vdlas oo

§§

bassala.

not ripen here: htt.U:^^nAAS^»

It will

kiizzih

aivaslim. o* o o

rise,

s.

(ascent) ^i+fl-V Jiqabat (-ayat

rise, v.i.

;

§ 8).

+i'^ tanassa. o o 'i\f!:n^'h^

bidigg dla

Rise: +V'^k tanasa,

Don't

When

VOA,

(s.v.

pi. 'Mi/»«::

the river rises

rise into sight,

v.i.

atlH

:

••

A.*r*A

biqq ala

gumdr^e bfqqi river,

s.

at'ill

(Of a

^^

(§

g^'

s.

aollji:

AM. GR.

(ll)

7d)

VHA, §44a). tahdi siwcJta. o o •

7'*^<2. s -fl^*

••

A.

sil.

wwnz.

river)

'h'-^'i'

sim'' ola.

ora.

:

to rise

to fall

road,

« -su.

wwnz

••

(s.v.

When the sun rises: mUftsfuaf}: When the hippopotamus rises: s.

-i*'-

-"^

O)"! wwtta.

'fl4»!^A

rising ground,

Ua).

tandsu.

rise: ^%^V*^:: attinndsa, pi. o o

§

:

;

mdlla (TA

m'^^dlla).

7"^A gwwddala.

mangad.

gwwdana. 17

A

:

ROA— ROB

258

Do you know gadun

the road

ao'il^'i'-^ah^Ms mdn-

?

tauqdllah?, pol.

^ah^tin-.

...••

...

yauqdllu?,

;^a^^A^l^K ... tauqalldccyuh ? (§ 7c?). Which is the road to Gondar? •JT-^Cljf'^iDftjtao'ilfti^-.f^'ps'iahr. of^dndarin •^ o oo*'yammiwasid mangad yetu nau? Waggon road: tf/*'^'1A /w»'>7j^ yasiragalla manpi. ...!

oooo

••

:

gad. S.

f?pd aoTfl^ i

See Is the

road

fit

for

ao'Uf^s^d.lfi'' (S.

mangad

A*rh.j?:fl^:^iw>^A«

yagdri mangad.

§§ 4.7a, 70.

waggons?

yimmaccal lihadibbat o o o o o

i

pd-)

siragalla (S. gari)

?

•'

Can laden mules go by

that road? Pi'^^VsA^'A".*

AK

yatacana yaql^'o bazzih

flltU

••

.*

^ftVt^

mangad yaskadal? (§ 52a, 8). Keep (pi.) together on the road: ^'fl^^i> 'feP' 'i'oD'i'l^i'. ayraccyuh (§ 7d) qwwyyu tamangad. We don't want a man that doesn't know the road: aDliii,'i'.^fn^ah^ihld.^1T*i'' mdngadun yams

maiauq annfdlligim

(§

37a,

h).

roan antelope (Hippotixigiis equimcs), flj'J^n. wwndfbb>e.

s.

D. fli^i^d wwddambi.

See roar,

v.i.

roast, '

hl^

v.t.

52a,

S.

agassa.

mflrt tdbbasa. •

Roast

it:

roasted, be,

rob,

§

o

o

o

Tflrta^K tfvasau. o o o •

v.p.

It is to

be roasted:

v.t. *l»*^

qdmma.

rt
•

'^mnA tatabbasa.

sarraqa

j&mflft:-.

(sar-).

yittdyas, pi. -fr« -su.

ROB— EOL

259 robbed, be, I

v.p. i"*l"^

taqamma.

have been robbed

robber,

s.

i"^'*l'h «

wombM^e

fold^

52a,

(§

qammdnna

4**^?

A

:

„

(

taqammau^

7^).

(§

S). ).

robber (Robbers) took it (them § 616) from him: +'^?sairt^n^K qammdnna wcJssadabbat (§4Ta).

robbery,

qfmmya.

4*9"^

s.

robust, adj.

'flC't bfrtii.

'^An;^r gwulbdtdm

(-ly-, -at-

T^Afli"? gwtilbatanfia rock,

^'iiy dangya,

s.

S.

(be rolled,

dang'^oc

pi. ^'iY-l(§ 8),

See roll, v.i.

(-ly-, -atafi-).

|

dangS

f^-ip^

§ 8).

;

§

(-cc

)

52a,

§ 6).

8.

(move revolving)

v.p.),

't'iMlili tan-

kaballala (-ava-). o o o o ^

•

'

(curl) i'fli+AA tataqallala. V '

cannot be

It

HAAA It is to

lifted,

but

ainnassam

".

be

o

it will roll:

•

o

-•

o

o

o

hj&V"/J^ js,^h ••

63c), yinkavdllalal.

(S

rolled, not folded: ^m4'AA.•^^Je,;^m*h:!

yittaqlal, aittdtaf

It is to

be folded, not rolled:

/&;''fli'H--hjim4*AAK

yittdtaf, aitta(ilal. roll, v.t.

(move) Ai'JhOAA ankaballala

(-avd-).

(curl) m*l*AA taciallala. \ / •

Roll

it

o ^o

o

o

along: MhflAAiD-:: ankaydlilau,

AA-^K

pi.

h'ihd

ankavdlilut. o o •

Roll

it (e.g.

the cloth) up

m4'AA'^K rolling stock,

ragalla

s.

:

fli4»AA(D-

•.•

taqlilau, pi.

taqlilut.

tf jr*jtC.-nn-C:/*'^'IA: yamdir ydyur

(ip- sit-; §

52a,

8).

17—2

si-

KOO— ROU roof,

AT

s.

room,

bat.

a house) 0.^ b^et. 4'CT qirt.

(in

s.

260

(private)

h^^^

flffii (-nfi §

6;

§ 8).

maqqamaca. you clean the room: fl.i='}-'ft^mC*7-- b^etun

(space) ao^ero'^

When

sittitarg, pi. -Ch'- -rgu.

There is no room for the chair: Aa){^flCs<w»«|»m»'**i: f A9"k lawwmbar maqqamaca yallam. root,

/*'C sir

s.

rope,

(§

52a,

8).

lao^ gdmad.

s.

rose {Rosa sancta, Guidi, Vocab. p. 297), 52a,

(§

+^ qaga

s.

8).

rough, adj. (violent)

'flCi^ birtu.

:?»|iA?

(rude)

(\hT*

hailanna

balag^e

(-Ian-).

(-lag-).

(of a surface) TiU^ sakdra.

(scabrous) h°flV,0 kwwskwdssa.

The lake

is

rough:

flrhC!j&'i'fl)''lAK

bahir yinnau-

wcutal.

roughly, adv. (violently) n:^J&A bahail

(§ 8).

(approximately) ^U A ydhil (yahl

He

seized

him roughly:

;

s.v.

hhii).

fl;5»^A!^HflHK bahail yd-

zau. o

There were roughly 100: yahl nabbar (§ 20a). round, adj.

h-fl

round, prp.

fl-

Go

right

i^o-f

kibb. ...'•hml'd ba-... atdgab (-ay;

round the

hill

na.

§

47&).

and come back: i"i'^^t

}tC^tD''i:]fdVi'iii tatardra (§ 8)

:^UA.*VnCK mdt^o

zurydun

(§

5Qc) zurah

ROU— RUB

261

round, turn,

\id z^ora.

v.i.

Turn round: H*C« round, turn (cause

zur, pi. H*4-« ziiru.

?iH^ az^'ora.

to), v.t.

Turn him (it) round: h\t'd(D*i'. dzurau. Turn them round hH'^^ah » azurdccau. o :

rouse,

qasaqqasa.

v.t. 4»rt'l*rt

hM"^

asndssa. o

Rouse him:

*l*ft4*rta>-

« qasqisau.

Rouse them: *l'ft4»^^(D- qasqisdccau. Rouse me before dawn: f^^C'-fif^md'-hM^H^t'. mdir saitava asnassan. o o o o :••

•

•

Don't rouse roused, be,

v.p.

See that

me

:

?i;^fti*^^::

(rouse oneself,

am

I

attasndssan. o i'+rt+rt taqasaqqasa.

v.r.)

not roused:

?i'>^ A+rt+ft «

ndaliq-

qasdqqas. rub,

v.i.

&

t.

<2.1
(with an unguent)

Rub

d/l^HD-V'

it:

Don't rub

it:

+0 qdbba.

faoffiorau, pl.° -'hT-^ « -figut.

h^d^n^lah,-. attifagfigau,

pi. -T-^::

-gut.

^

Don't rub your eyes: (§

ainihin

b2a, y) attfsau.

rub down, '

Rub

^^'>U'>••^i^?fa^K

v.t. atiiatti

walauwala. o o o o

the horse down:

wdlwilau o o o

rubbed, be,

••

© Ai»*Aa>- «

fdrasun o o

(-Iwiil-). ' \

v.p. 'bd/ld/l tafao^affaora.

J^'S tdssit.

++fl taqabba. It should -fagu.

be rubbed:

f'^ld^^'la yiffagfag, pi. -d,V»

RUB— KUL

262

rubbed down,

be,'ir v.p. t-flJAfliA tawalauwala (taua-).

ooo

'

oo^oo'

Has the horse been rubbed down?
rubber

AK

taudlwiilaual faras^Occu o o o o o

(India-),

rubbish,'

s.

?

Aft-tVl lastik (§ 8).

s.

S^V^'J mindmin. o o

t^V gudif. T^T.

(sweepings, etc.)

tirrdgi.

liltlHtl ofibfsbis (givfsvis). •feTffTf

Rubus

exsucciis (Guidi,

Vocab.

qwfusasa.

p. 533),

s.

Vi«ff7iA

kwwsa-

sflla (-SWS-; § 52a, S).

rude, adj. (impolite) flAI bdlag^e ruflSan,

rug,

s.

p^ gdddu.

r^im^ mfntaf

s.

(-lag-).

Mn

(of skin)

(§ 8).

ag^oza.

(carpet) ftp3? sigajja. ruin,

(destruction)

s.

T^^^ ¥Cft

ruin, ^

v.t. hd^d^ii

You have not

firs. o

ooo

afdrrasa.

ruined

-S-, § 3),

He will

tffat (§ 8).

ruin

pi.

it: hd^dflOohv.

afarrashau o o o

(-s-h-, \

^
it: ^
yafarsaual,

pi. -A•;^A:!

-sutal.

ruined, be,

v.p.
farrasa

(§ 63c?, e).

It is ruined: <(.CO.Ak farsoal,

pi.

^S.Crt'PAK

saual. o rule,

v.i.

V7ip ndggasa. (over,

v.t.)

ruled (over), be, ruler,

s.

IH gdzza.

v.p. i"lH tagdzza.

(governor) I^T gaz. #w>h»V^

makwojnnan O O

(-nan). ' ^

far-

RUM— RUS

263

rumble,

v.i.

*19^shli

gimm

ala

(s.v.

VflA,

Rumex

abessimcus (Guidi, Vocab. pp. 80, maqmdqq^^'o.

rumour, run,

(D&

s.

(i)r''

?i<-T:: Jrut, pi.

He

to

run

v.i.

m4-

<-m«s

ao^ao^

riitu.

J&4-T « yfrut, pi. j&^-m-

:

Don't run: h^^'Va

run away,

s.

ota.

Run; is

81),

wc«>r>e.

[?i]c?m

v.i.

44a).

§

:••

yiriitu.

attfrut, pi. /»^4-m-K attinitu.

tdfFa.

(from,

Take care he

sdssa

v.t.) "STi

(it)

(sas-).

doesn't run away: ?i'>^^ni4-K

ndaitdfa.

(To child):— Run away wwgij

I

ai*7^K wa^gid!,

pi. (Dlfi'ii

!,

f. ai*73E'::

wcJgiduI

& adj. hK* k^ji. Runaway slave hE* kaj.

runaway,

s.

:

running,

rush (luncus Russia,

s.

(i)riicca.

s. [?i]<-**«i

barab^enz

sp.), s. fl^n.'Jlf

rust,

s.

i

become

rusty),

rusty),

It will

make

s.

v.i.

H7 zdga

(§ 68c?, e).

let it get rusty: "h'ifi^li*!:'- ndaizig.

(make

rustic,

47a, 70).

aoli^^ mdsq^of.

s.

Don't rust

(s.v. f-, §§

HTi" zaganna.

rust (be,

52a,

f <w>ft**P hlC yjimdsq'' of agar.

Russian, adj. f^wift**? yamasq'^^of

Russian,

(-ay>'^-; §

flA'i

v.i.

it

&

t.

rusty:

balag^e

^iHT azdga.

^TiTPAK

(-lag-).

flA7C baldgar (-gar).

Ifl^ gabar^e

(-av-, -ar-).

See

S

5 2a,

8.

yazigaual.

8).

s

EUS— SAD rustle,

264

'i'^h»^h«'?f

v.i.

What

tankwwsakkw&jsa.

that rustling there?

is

kazzih

i'"'}JtC-'^£»-K

hVu

f '^'>Vi- h-7i
yamminkwwsakkwws min-

dir(§8)nau? rustle (cause to),

You

are

(pi.)

A-fii-K

v.t. h'i\i°1i\i°Ti

ankwwsakkwwsa.

making them

rustle

:

;^'>h"^W•?[^*P

tankwwsakkwuswaccaualldccyuh.

s §

refers to the

sabbath, sack,

rt^fl^ sanbat (-ny-, -at).

s.

h^m.^

s.

sacred, adj. sad, be, '

v.i.

^

saddle,

s.

paragraphs of the Ch^ammar {Initia Amharlca, Part I).

karatit.

4*-^ft

qiddiis

(§ 8).

hWi azzana. o o

IfiC^ k^orfcca.

Put the saddle on ^^'J » can. Let him put the saddle on ^'^'J k yfcan. Put (pi.) the saddles on: '^^^^-s cdnu. Let them put the saddles on ^^^^^ « yicdnu. Put the saddle on properly: flflj- A •"*^Vc»- « baul :

:

:

cdnau. saddle,

v.t.

*^V cdna. o

Saddle it '^Vaj- k cdnau. o Saddle this horse: ftO'>s<J.
can.

saddle, cause to, (have saddled),

Have

it

(them

Please have yascinut.

§

it

v.t.

hli'^.h

ascdna(§

68).

616) saddled: Y\h'^li\ ascin.

saddled: pol.

?ift'f:^ft*P*>-4'K

isti-

SAD— SAL

265 saddled, be, It

v.p. •f^^'i

tacdna.

has not been properly saddled: flio-AshAi'*** i9"K baiil altacdnam. o o o •

saddle-girth,

s.

ao^*i^ maqannaca.

4"r^ qfnit See saddle-pad, safe, adj.

he

52«,

8.

-Sid-A daiilla.

s.

adv.) ^'IV

(-ly,

dahna

Itxao-'i

Is

§

(§ 8)!

safe

(it)

(§ 8).

fmun. o

dahnd nau ?

fj*i^ • Va>- «

?

dahndmm

It is not safe: ^'^'i"9":^/i^A::

375)

(§

Sdal (§ 406). Did he arrive safely? ^'^T.-IOk diihna gabba?, &pl. -n-:: -bbu? are safe here:

We

(§

safety,

s.

?itfi>-'}

••

••

i** «

imiin

tiizzjh

8) nan.

^'V^V^ dahnfnnat h'^Ti fimdn

safflower

'^^tlO

pol.

(-nat).

(§ 8).

(Carthamus tinctorius, Broun, Cat.

suf

5 2a,

(§

310),

s.

fr^

S).

said, be, v.p. +flA tabala (-ayd).

Is sailor,'

saint,

sake

it s.

said?

/inAAs yibbdlal?

OOO

<w»Chfl? markabaiiiia (miir-, -kav-, -an-).

s. ^'-S-ft

of, for,

^

prp.

ft

A- sila-

(§

s.

aoS*? masat

For

sale:

It finds

s.

sila<>ziavh>er. • o o*^

o

(-sat).

A^wj'rfT-'

lamasat.

a ready sale° ^?f'^AI?l'>fta^•/.•^rh.^A::

yissatal, inda^'iiha yihadal. salt,

'

47a).

For God's sake: ftA*7»th'flfh.C! salary, s. ft'P'H dam^dz (§ 8). sale,

'O'

qfddiis (§8).

ee^oh can.

SAL—SAU saltpetre,

salute,

[f ]£ftfl>« n4-j^ (ya)cdu

s.

rud

266 ••

47a, 70) ba-

(yd-).

& t.

v.i.

(s.v. f-, §§

Jijf's

V"/

ijj

ndssa constr. with A-

Whom are they saluting?

la- (§ 47a).

A*^^:?iE':^i*^A'::

lamdn

yinasallu?

iii

same, adj. hti^ and.

Use the

article

(§

11).

the same: U-A-sMj^-'Vid-k hiillu dndi

It's all

(§ 7c?)

nau. o

This

is

not the same kind: )&Us^JiV*9"!h|i/^AK

yihe dinatumm

Come tomorrow

(§

S7b) didal

at the

(§

40&).

same time:

Vlsfll.H.flJ- •*?::

ndo:a vaofiz^eu na.

sand, '

s.

KS^P asaua. o ^

MV asaua.

S.

sandal,

VmA!*****^ natala

camma

52a,

8).

Sanseviera agave (cp. Broun, Cat. 560),

s.

s.

(§

52a,

s.

T^-fl tigdb (-ay

satisfied, be,

^*^ qdca

8).

sated, adj. TpfVi tigabafina satiety,

(§

v.i.

;

(-ay-, -an-),

§ 8).

(with food etc.) rmfl taggaba (-aya). (gen.)

^AsAiA dass (dass)

ala.

^A

alau (impers.

§

'•

hiitD*

dass

(-a-)

43a).

S.v. x/nA, § 44a.

Are you

satisfied? ^A-'JRAyA:: dass yilahal?

Saturday,

^A AiAT dass (-a-) assaiina. s. & adv. 4*^*^ qiddm^e.

saucepan,

s.

satisfy, v.t.

sausage,

s.

••

J^A^

itA**^

dist.

qwalima.

SAV— SAY

267 save,

& t.

v.i.

M^ addna. o

(economise) i^aid qwwttaba

He saved

+T*^

his life:

••

^i^V(0-

:••

(-ava).

tam^dt addnau. o o

saved, be, v.p. +*femn taqwcJttaba (-ava).

With the money that was saved he bought another: fli-femn : 7'JH'fl : A.A ! in K bataqwwttaya

(§

62c) gan-

zav l^la ffazza. saw, say,

aopH mdgdzz (§ 8). v.t. ^A dla (s.v. VOA, §§ s.

^Id n^ggara

Say ^

it

flAoi- k bdlau.

:

o

Don't say

Say

it

44a, 80).

(-gar-). o

it: ^^flAfl*-:: attivalau.

again: ^ir*v. dfgam

Do you rt'^U::

(§

61h).

hear (understand) what yalhutin (§62c)

I

sdmmah?

say? ^Al^^^•• (§

63^), pi.

...:

sammdccyuh? {^7d). Did you hear what he said? ytiaht-.^fi^^t'idCii A'^^ih::

...

ydlaun tisdma ndbbiir?, o o O O •^

'

pi. X

....••Thrtflo-.-iflC:-. ...

tis^mu ndbbfir? O O O

What

did you say? J^^.-^AUk min alh ? (alk § 7d), pol. r^i'hi^ii min alu?, pi. 9°^ t hfi^ih a min

alaccyuh

?

What does he pi.

...s^AA-K

I can't

He

said nothing:

What

yflal?, pol.

&

yiltillu?

say: hl^i-- nja.

Il9°'-h/i"'i is

zimm o

li9°'-hfy:'.

zimm

ala, pol.

&

pi.

dlu.

you said?

it

nau yalh I

say? J'^'J.-^AAk min ...

y°'}JtCsVfli-:^AO::

mfndir

?

hear (understand) what you say: ^ AiiflJ-T- Ai^ ^A'>^ K ydlhaun samiccallau^. ••

'

SAY— SCB

268

hear (understand) what you say: f^Vah'}'-

I don't

h^f^'^U'9^•'i

This

yalhaun alsammahum.

what he said:

is

&

dla, pol.

How does

one say

(it)

s.

s. rtlfl

scabrous, adj.

&

v.i.

t.

scalding, adj. s.

i'Vi-A

(§§

7a, 47a) nd^'et yibbalal?

;

§ 8).

kwwskwdssa.

takkwwsa (twkkosa

§

7d).

tatakkwwsa (-twkkosa).

't"t'\i»Cl

¥A fil. v.i.

'

'

scandal-monger,

scatter,

Amharic? Q'HC^i'h'i^^:

(balance) '^H'i mizdn (§8).

scandal, talk,

scapula,

in

sagaba (-^ya

h»ftV»,^

scalded, be, v.p.

scales,

dlu.

^A qal.

scabbard,

scald,

ndih yflau

pi. h'i^V--'nii(D'ihtk".i

j&AAAk bamarfniia saying,

h'}^V-'ai)r'-hh.- ndih vfl^o o

h'PhVh ass'^okass^oka. o o s.

hVil'Syu

okswdki.

ass''

aup^^ magdfya.

s.

(be scattered, v.p.)

v.i.

'hfli'i

tabattana

(tay-,

-attana).

(spread apart) G. "td^^ tarardqu S.

scatter,

v.t.

'\rlf-li-*k

tararaqu

(tarar-). (tar-).

(I'M bdttana (battana). ^ o o o

o

(drive apart) G. S.

Don't scatter

it

hO'^

arrardqa

h^^^

arrardqa.

(-rar-).

about: h^d^'iahi'. attivattinau,

pi. -V*^ s -nut.

fi^

scent,'

s.

scent,

v.t.

sftta. o

(smell) hTii'i' asattata

It will scent us:

0i'^^«

(-s^t-).

yasattannal, pi. ^Tfis

'i'Ak yasattunnal.

It

has scented us: hH-f'^^a asftf'onnal, •foh^^i' asfttaunnal.

pi.

^Ti

«

SCE— SCR

269 scented, be,

(perfumed) ^ax'i tdttana.

v.i.

aiC^d tartari (tar-). (learned man) fjiii'^ dabtara

sceptical, adj.

scholar,

s.

(-ayt-, -aft-,

-tdr-).

(schoolboy) i-*^^ tamdri school,

(§

52a,

[f ]^r[U]Cl" : n.^- (ya)tim(h)irti

s.

Have you been

S).

70b) b^'et

(§

(y^-).

to school? i-^^^C^ s n.'> s iflCU

ndbbarh ? o o <w>J^[U]C mamm(h)ir, pi. mamm(h)irdn (§ 8).

tatimfrti v> et o o o

•

schoolmaster,

s.

also <wii^[U]/J«^

htii'ld astamdri. o scissors,

maqas.

s.
*

scold,

&

v.i.

+*&"! taqwwtta.

t.

aod,^^^ mafalfaya

scoop,

s.

scoop, *

v.t. <(.A<(.A

'

scooped, be, scorch,

v.i.

(-fill-,

-aia).

faldffala. o

o

o

o

ooooo

v.p. i'^CA^iLA tafaldflfala.

k

t.

scorched, be,

i'h-A takkwwsa (twkkosa

v.p.

Take care

§

Id).

I^Mi-A tatdkkwwsa (-twkkosa). doesn't get scorched: ^'>^^'^h»ftK

it

ndaittwkkos. o scorching, adj. scorpion, Is

it

s.

-I'lfhA

tfkkiis (ttik-; §8).

*7'>T gint (usually

f.

§

o4c).

a scorpion? '7'}T '^^ « gfnti •

scour (scrub),

v.t.

'^fli

(§

Id) nat?

mwacca.

Scour (scrub) it: *Xfla.a>*K mwdccau, pi. *%GS^^\i mwaccut. scoured (scrubbed), be, v.p. +^03. tamwacca. scouring (scrubbing), instrument

for,

mwdca. rtA^ sdllai

scout,

s.

scout,

v.i.

'

scramble

AAA

(sal-

;

§

8

;

§

52a,

S).

sdllala (sal-). / o o o \

for, v.t. dhVf*^

tasamma

(tas-).

s.

ao*^^^ ma-

SCR— SEA scrape,

270

& t.

v.i.

Scrape

it

4^+

Mqa.

(off,

out

:

rt+rt* saqdssaqa.

» faqaii, pi.

4««l'a>-

Don't scrape

v.t.)

4-*^

faqut.

••••

h^i-^ahv. attiMqau,

it:

pi. -«fe^::

-qui

Scrape it off (out) -qui Don't scrape it off:

Cl^tl^Oh « saqsiqau,

:

pi.

-*^ k

^^rt^ft*f»fl^ « attisaqsiqau, pi.

-*fc^K -qut.

scraped, be,

scraping

v. p.

(off,

^'4-+ tafdqa.

out),

instrument

saqya (-saqya, scratch,

&

v.i.

t.

s.

twii^d^^ masaq-

-saca).

^hh akkaka. o o ^fiEl.^

Don't scratch

The

for,

it

:

moaccara. h^\i\\ah « attikakau. o o o

cat will scratch him: Jt^wi-fc* : ^*2.'^
timoaccirauallac. dfmmatitu o o o o o o •

•

scratch, cause or allow to,

Don't

let it

scratched, be,

scratch

v.p.

v.i.
it:

M\\\\ asakkaka

h^fi\\\\iD*-»

(scratch oneself,

scream (screaming), scream,

v.t.

s. tEfclfi'l*

v.r.)

;^hh takkaka. §

Id).

c^'oha. o •

scrofula,

s.

scrotum,

s.

rtT-Vi^

sank^of.

P'feA^.-^cn^ yaqwwlat q^drbat s.

fl/hC

bahir

s.

(§

706) bahir (ya-, -har).

(instrument) ao'\'[''%^ mahattamya (-tam-). (impression)

seal,'

(-ry-, -at).

(-har).

fiXi>
68).

attasakkikau. o o

ciihat (-hat

h^Cfi naqarsa (<w>+- maqa-).

sea,

(§

v.i.

&

t.

<^'^'hjr»

^•f'tio

hattama. o o

h'i'ao

attama.

miihtam (mahdtam

§

Id).

u

SEA— SEA

271

Seal

hattimau, pol. fA^ao^^v. yihat-

it: '\^aoah\s,

timut. o sealed, be,

tattama.

v. p. ;^'^^ID

not been (was not) sealed:

It has

^lA;^'^/wlj^»

altdttamam. o o sealed, cause (allow) to be,

Please have

pol. htl't^fi^ao^^v. isti-

sealed:

it

M'^'tm asattama.

v.t.

yasattimut. sealing-wax, %

search,

s.

*^tip

fiHaga

(-ay-,

-iiq-;

(§ 8).

Have a search made v.i.

&

t.

him

(it):

I^Ch*^ gwwrdggwwra (for, v.t.)

Search him <•'!•»

for

(it)

hlxd^lMahw as-

^hd.^'h^v. yasfdlligut.

falligau, pol.

search,

mattabaqyii

'^'Hfl'fe^srt?"

s.

sam.

8)

^Ml

fallaga.

'V'C'Y'd.iD-

:

(-rojgg-).

•-••

gwwrgwiirau,

pi.

>CT*

gwcorgwurut.

Search them

gwajrgvvurdccau,

'?"C7^^'7'i»- »

:

pi.

-rwdccau. -^'VtD".: '^' o

Search for him

(it):

<<.A7(D-".

falligau, pi.

-7-^k

-gut.

Search for them:

d^P^p'-JrfD*"' falligdccaii, pl.-^^fl^:••

-ffwdccau. O o

He must pi.

search for him -7-^« -gut.

Have you searched hau,

pi.

searched, be,

for

him

(it) ?

d,t\*lUah k fdllag-

^A^^'ih^K fallagdccihut ?

v.p. 'h'?"^?"^

The house

f^d^M(D*"' yifalligau,

(it):

is

to

yiggwwrgwwr.

tagwwraggwwra (rwgg-).

be searched

:

(U^-'/iT-OC:: b^etu

SEA— SEE searched

He

272

for, be, v.p. i'd^til tafallaga.

was searched for and found: i'^CM^I'lYK

(it)

tafallig^'o tagdnfla (§ 74a).

He seat,

was searched for but not found: h^'tiy9° K tafallig^o altaganiiam. s. ao^ao^^ maqqamaca. (it)

(chair) (d9^(\C

wwmbar

(-bar).

second, ord. num. ihiii'^ hulattdnna

MenilekIL:

W^*e

••

i^^t

'h
(-lat-,

Ah dagmdwi :

c»

-tan-;

§

20b),

minilfk. o o

secret, adj. Jffl^ dibbiq.

9^liaKC mfstir. o

s.

•

secretary,

s.

^& tdfi.

Use gerund of i'Ad^ tasdrraqa (tasar-). went secretly '^rtC^ rh.^ « tasarq^ o hada.

secretly, adv.

He

••

:

security,

(guarantor)

s.

was.

(on which a loan

is

made)

ao^'K'

maydza

(maid-).

What

your security: <w>^iro ydzah mindfn (§ 8) nau ? is

You must anta

(§

will

man sedition,

s.

offer security: <wi^ir : KS'"^ «

v.i.

v.t.

yuwdsahal

v.i.

«

ma-

mayaza

(taiia-).

'TJ.'Jl'PrtyA::

?

hao*? amat.

(corrupt) (a

see,

tawdsa

(for, v.t.) 'h'Prt

stand security for you?

seditious, adj. haom't amatafifia

seduce,

?"'}Jt'3' •'*<»•

7d).

security, stand,

Who

••

Ai^'f'

woman)

& t. h? ayya

(§

assdta.

fli?f
44&,

(-tail-).

§

wassama QSd,

(wgJs-).

e).

(examine) aoCaoC marammara (mardmmara). I will see

him

(it)

:

^if
A»

?

SEE

273 I see

him

hf,^Vtiihn aicc^ewallau^

(it):

I don't see

him

(it)

h^^at'9^ « aldiaum.

:

I

have seen (saw) him

I

have not seen (did not

h^ih^r. ayyahut.

(it):

him

see)

hAfu-^J^r.

(it):

alayyahutim.

Do you

him

see

pi. ^^,;^^l^;^/t"Ji k

Do you see them? pi.

h^i-UV/i^f^v. ditahauallwi ?,

(it)?

aitdccihutallwf

(s.v.

?

flije,).

h^-tV-f^VO^f,:-. aitahdccauallwi?, O o

o

^^J^,;^^'A^'PA"^•.: aitaccihwdccaucallwf? (tac-

cyuhd-

§

7d).

Have you seen dyyahau?,

pi.

(did

Have you seen

him

see)

you

(did

ayyiihaccau?, (-ccyuha-

you

(it)?

Aifi/fli-::

hy'^ih^n ayydccihut?

pi.

them? h?V^aha

see)

ayyaccihwdccau

Y\fH"X'^ahxx

§ "id).

Haven't you seen (didn't you see) him (it)? 7»Af Uahr*a alayyiihaum ? {-UOhH^f,.: -haummwf ?), pi. h^y'l-O'^'iTii

Go and

alayydccihutim?

see: rh.^U:?i^:: hidah

hiddccyuh

(-'^r*j&:: i,

-timmvvf ?).

pi. rM'^f•|^ ?ip. ••

lu.

See whether it is broken: <w»C9"^fliWi"- marmirau tai?avr"(')ndah'^on. o o o o o

••

'^rt'fll^

••

K*}^

*

We

have seen him

He^it)

will

(it):

^^-hVPA-.: aitiinaual.

see us: ^f^A:-- yjUiinnal,

pi.

^^VA»

ydiunnal.

He (it) sees us ^Ak aitaunnal. o o :

h^-f^'t^ a

dit''

The doctor will see him (it): hakim yimarammirutal. See that AM. GR.

(ii;

it is

not

left

behind

onnal,

pi. h^-t-at*

lJh,9" • ^OT^l'"<-;^

:

k

h'J-S^+C k ndaiqar. 18

SEE— SEL

274

see each other,

v.

recip. i'^^ ta^'dyyu.

They do not see each other yum. seed, s. HC zar seek,

&

v.i.

seem,

t.

(zar

d.M

seems to

It

§

52a,

^

^^

hf!,'t^^9^ « aitta^ay-

8).

fallaga.

massala (type

aoflii

v.i.

;

:

me

he has

yimaslannal ataffau

A

§

34).

lost it: ^aotiti'i^ihaxi-ahi: (-iiall-at- § 6).

seen, be, v.p. ;^f tayya.

(examined) i'tro^oD^ tamarammara (-ma-

rammara).

He

(it)

-^jr*

::

cannot be seen

-yyum

(§

63c

;

:

cp.

h^^^9^ « §

As soon as he (it) is seen: seize, v.t. JPH ydza (§ 44c). Seize

him

(it):

aittayyim, pi.

54c). rt.;^j^,.•

^Hfl>-« y^zau, pi.

sittdyy.

^H-^k

yazut.

seized, be, v.p. i-^n taydza (laid-). select,

v.i.

&

t.

ao^Hm marrata.

li^^ao laqaqqama. Select one: h'i^^^r^,'?^.' ^flV-K

...

and

mirat, pol.

...:

^JP*

vimratii.

selected, be, v.p. i'aodax tamarrata.

i'ti^^tw talaqaqqania.

This

is

'lOhi'.

-self, r.

yatamarratau

(§§ 14, (32)

pron. ^l\- ras- with pers. suff

He I

the one that was selected: f'^m>^ma^••^0!

himself

myself:

You

will

dntii <{.

is

it

A

:••

12b, 17). irsii

o

dlla.

yourself: hli-- ^'tll)'.t'd,f\l9tiVti pol.

^iCrt^'-'^rt?*! J&

irsa^'o rdsa^'o yifdlHprutal. o o o o" O

O

r4su

in^e rds^e.

rdsih tifallijjrauallah,

AT^;*"

(§§

here: ?iCfr:^fr:^A«

hi-'^rt,--

want

yihe nau.

»'

?

SEL— SEN

275

He

is

by himself: A'A^id- Vid- k layiccau nau. oneself: hl^^O}- (f)ndya^ (§ 8). «

Of (by)

h-J^flH (i)ndau

_

(§ 8).

They went of themselves: 'h'i^yahstb.^a ndydu hadu. sell, v.i.

& t ffm

Sell

it

Don't Sell

sata (sata).

Timoh' « sitau,

:

pi.

Ttm-^ »

situt.

sell it: M'TtaiiD'v. attisitau, pi. -m*^:*. -tut.

them: %^'^ahi-

sitdccaii, pi. itrp.^flHs

sit-

wdccau. o

Don't

them:

sell

Ai^rf.^^fl>-::

attisitdccau, o o o

•

pi. *

-rp,^fl>-K -twdccaii.

Will you *'

Will he

Wm*PAU::

sell it?

tisiitauallah O •

What will you tisiitauallah

What will

o

^ffm*PAK yis4taual?

sell it?

nA'>"^:V?fm*PAU:: basfnt

sell it for? ?

they

sell it

for? nft'}-^•:/^.ff^^;^A:! basint

yisatutal ?

Whenever you

sell

yourselves

?iP?f

:

it,

^

divide the proceeds

'/*U«

••

'^^l<(.A•^

:••

among

iyyasiitdccyuh

(§616) takdfalut.

semen,

s.

H'i^' sint (prop, urine).

(euphem.)

send (away),

v.i.

&

:5»m.^'l-

Ah

t.

(h)dtydt

(§ 8).

idka.

rt^^ saddada. o o o

Send him

(it)

AhiD-

:

Don't send him

(it):

:••

lakau, pol. h^filKD*-.-.

j^AVl-'l*

::

yildkut.

attildkau, pol. hf^

AVhl".: aildkut.

Send him the answer: Idkillat

(§

ir*Aff''}

••

AhA^

:••

milldsun

47a).

Send him with the answer: millasu gar

(§

i'?"ATf':

JC:AhflH«

47&) lakau.

18—2

ta-

;

SEN— SEN We

276

send him

will

(it)

innilikillaccyuhallan o o O O

send

hdao^

for, v.t.

Send

(it)

him

for

:

X^AViA^AA^k

^ft^-^A^ « yisdadullin.

pol.

asmatta.

(it); htltrofna}".''

aom'^ii yasmattut, I will

(pi.):

7d). (^ / \v

«'

Send me him

you

to

send for him

yh

asmattau, pol.

hilaom'^i-' asmattut.

pi.

hdao^'Wii'hii asmattaii-

(it):

allaui\ o

I will

send for them: hft^o^^'PA'V^ « asmattaco •

•

cauallau'\ o o

I I

have sent for him (it) hilffoflO'^ a asmattahut. have sent for them hllaof'l'X^iD'ii asmattahwdco :

:

•

*

can. o

send on (ahead),

Send him

asqaddama.

v.t. hfl^ff^en*

(it)

on ahead

pol. ^ft*l*j^tfi>«^ K

hil't'^aoat*

:

hfl*l'j^'^^iD-K

cau, pol. ^(l^^"X^ahi'.

(meaning) '^A^ malat

s.

asqaddimau,

yasqaddimut.

Send them on ahead: sense,

:••

asqaddimdc-

yasqaddimwdccau. (-lat).

^-f foice. There's no sense in

'^Al* • PAfl>-{^ » mdlat yal-

it:

laiim. o

sensitive

of,

be,

v.t.

i'rt*^
tasammau

(impers.

§

43a

§ Q'dd, e).

sent (away), be,

Has he

v.p. '^AS^ taldka.

(it)

(tal-), pol.

He

(it)

been sent (away)? i'AV^Aw

&

pi. 'i'Ah'P

AK

talikaual

has not been sent (away), he

hA-l'Ahi^ihA:: altaldkam,

allii,

pol.

talikoal?

I

(it)

&

is

pi.

here: fiAl^A

allu. Vhi^TAtA-K altaldkum, o

Let him idku.

(it)

be sent:

JZ,Ah:: yillak, pi.

J&AVbK

yil-

SEN—SER

277 sentry,

s.

Hfl? zabafina (zay-,

t"^? taraniia o o

^

tabbdqi.

nifl*fe

See separate, adj.

Keep separate,

it

v.i.

-an-).

(tar-, -ran-). '

(-ly,

adv.)

52a,

§

S.

s.v. -fl^^

bfcca.

separate A-fl^io- f^v^l « layfccau yfhun. (be separated, v.p.) ••

:

(move apart) G. i'd^^ tarardqu

(tarar-).

S. i'^^'fc tarardcpi (tar-).

Separate more than that: G. '^^tU:^nA'P.•'^^^*K tazzih

tarardqu,

yiyalt

S.

...'•

i'^^*:*.

...

tara-

rdqu.

Don't separate: G. >l'^h^^*» attirrardqu,

S.

M

^^*fcK attirrardcju. separate,

v.t.

(move apart) G. hd^i* arrardija arraraqa.

S. h^'lr^^

Af

(distinguish)

Separate them

(e.g.

arriirqaccau, S.

(-rar-).

layyii (lay-).

combatants): G. ttdC^^a^a

h^C-

arrar-

:

pi. -^'^•fl^ »

-qwdc-

cau. o

Separate the bad and the good: h^'JTs^T-')* Affl^•.•• kifuninna daggun layyau, pi. ...'• AP-'1*« ...

layyut.

separated, be,

September,

v.p.

s.v.

(distinguished)

+Af

talayyil (-lay-).

calendar,

serious, adj. (of persons) [^ilCT* rfgu (irgu).

hOj^ kabbad

(§ 8).

(of things) '>a4» tniiq.

He

is

a serious

nau, pol.

This

is

...•

man:

^^oh::

hfl/^.-A(»-»ii»-K "^ ...

sdu kabbad o o

ndccau.

a serious matter: ^0!^A4»!VlC-*i(»-K yihe

H^^i^ iiagar

(§

8) nau.

—

SER— SEV servant,

278

hUhC

s.

flskar (-kar).

A-AA^

I'^dPe, pi. also

/t-A.

Table-servant:

l^olalit.

?i«^A
FoPe tfra. o whose name one

Call a servant: A-A.sT^k

— To summon a servant know

h'i^ih'dhCi'' ant askar o

servant-girl,

serve,

v.i.

s.

& t.

How

1^^

!

g4^|d.

long has he served?

tl'i^-'hlfii*l^fiii'.

^Ci^

wojttaddarinnat

A"AV^ l^olinnat

(domestic)

When

(-dar-, -nat).

(-nat).

sesame (Sescmium indicum, Broun, Cat. salTt (sal-;

s.

AA*T

caraqd o o •

sitti-

429),

§ 8).

moon & stars) Ifl gabba. moon sets: CQ,^^:A^lfl:

the

•

ffava.

set, v.t. (place)

hf^Cl adarraga.

hti^aoav asqammata.

MC an'^ora. o

(plant) 'hhA takkala.

H^ Set

down

it

set, be, v.p.

:

zarra

(zar-).

h'hdat* « dnurau, pi. -4-^ « -rut.

(placed) +^
(planted) i"MiA tatakkala. vx / o o o o

i'H^ tazarra Setit (river), /' \

settle,

v.i.

s.

A^^ settle, v.t.

(tazar-).

i'hlL takkaz^e. o

o

•fi'trom

taqammata.

saff'ara (-far-). ' o

o

o

\

(disturbance)

^Y

ddnna.

(define)
seven, card.

sint

-•7A'PAk -gilaual?

pi.

s. (mil.) (0:9*

set, v.i. (sun,

does not

hlfiiti aorala^o^ala.

agalgilM?, service,

•

num. Afl^ sdbat

(-dyd-

;

§

8

;

§

20a).

o

o

SEV— SHA

279 seventeen, card. num. §

h/^^'-M^

asrasabat (-ay^-;

§

8;

20a).

seventeenth, ord. num. h/*'^:rtfli'? asrasabattanna (-saya-, -tan-; § 20b).

seventh, ord. num. rtfli'? sabattanna (sava-, -tail-

seventh §

20b).

rtn^^s [An-t^] sabattiyya (saya-; §206,

{y^), s.

52a,

§

;

8).

num. rtfl? sabaiiiia seventy, card. num. rtfl saba (saya seventieth, ord.

;

(sayfi-

;

§

206).

20«).

§

severe, adj. 'flC't birtu.

sew (up,

on),

v.i.

&

t.

A 4- saifa.

m^oD taqqama Sew

it

on before

(taq-).

gets lost: fif^mi^'-tli-ahti sai-

it

tafa sifau. o O •

Let him sew sewing,

sewn

s.

AkC^

it

up:

sff>et

^A4.fl>-K yfsfau.

(§ 8).

(up, on), be, v.p. "tfli- tasdffa (tas-).

be sewn (up, on): ^rt4-K

It is to

yissdfa, pi.

-f-ss

-fu.

shade,

s.

Put

TA it

tfla.

in the

drgau

There shadow, shake,

s.

v.i.

shade

(§ 7^), pi.

is

TA

no shade

:

i-TA -hf^CKD-v. tatfla

(§

47a)

-t^i' -gut. :

TA

:

f A5^

"•

tfla

yallam.

tila.

(be shaken, v.p.) 't'OHlwii tawazauwaza (taua-, -wzauwoiza).

+i4*i+ tanaqannaqa. It is

not to shake (be shaken)

WojZWooZ, pi.

It

^

-fflH"::

:

Aij&iD'Hai'H

:••

aiw-

-WwZU.

shakes when the wind catches it '}4-A 'hf'iUahi ^V+i^A:*. nifds iyyanakkau yinnaqannaqal. :

•

8HA— SHE shake,

280

wazauwaza

aifffoH

v.t.

(wa;zauwce>za).

V+V+ naqannaqa. Shake it: al'Hfl^Hfl^•:: wwzwuzau, V4»'}+a»«K

naqniqau,

Don't shake

or

pi.

-fr^K

-zut,

^ihV4'^*l»fl^

attinaqniqau,

::

or

-qui

h^attiohnahw attiwwzwuzau,

it:

-H*^:-. -zut,

pi. -*fe^::

pi.

pi. -«fe^i:

-qut.

Shake the bottle: axCa^Wl'-'t^l^ahix tarmiizun naqniqau.

shame,

(sense of) ?i*P^^ ifrat

s.

(matter of) shape, share,

ao^

s.

h*hA

s.

Your This

share,

malk.

kifil.

your share:

60&) kifil

v.i.

&

Share

t.

'^^l
(pi.) it

shatter,

8)

(§

takaffala. o o

o

ft

A

takdfalut.

sil.

^A

to cough),

rtOfl^ sabSibbara (sayS-, -bara

v.t.

shattered, be, v.p. '

ydnta

nau.

fid sdla (conjug. like

v.t.

I2h).

i\

^U.•^'>'^!h¥A.•Vfl^:•. yih

'/•3l k

:

sharp, adj. (edged)

sharpen,

naur.

share: »l¥AU-' kfflih

is

(§

*i(D-C

(-rat).

i-rtflfl^

;

§

226,

t)).

tasababbara -va-, -bara; gJ oo oo''(tasa-,J.»

§ '22h, d).

shave, I

shave,

be shaved,

v.i.

(oneself, v.r.

am

going to shave

v.i.

&

t.

;

:

v.p.)

+AiH. taldcca.

^lA*«iAl^ « illaccallau^

Aeo. lacca.

This razor won't shave

:

^U

••

9°^'^ AjiA*^?" « yfhe ••

mildcc aildccim. o o o •

•

shaving-brush,

•

s.

•

^aod.*ld/h9 mafagfagya.

she, pers. pron. ?iCO, frsod

unless emphatic.

(§ 8, §

12a), usually

omitted

SHE— SHO

281 shear,

+mm

v.t.

sheared, be, s.

sheath,

s. rt7fl

maqtaca

<w>4»m***

sagaba (dya

-nA^

(vet.)

(-tac-)§ 8).

;

billit

Hll das.

s.

Put sheep,

i'+oim taqattata.

v.p.

shears,

shed,

qattata.

up a shed:

(pi.)

(il bag-

s.

sheep-skin,

(§

52a,

8).

fn*7:*^ yabag

s.

das tdlu.

^ft.-^/V-K

(-aya-;

§

47«) q^oda.

(with coat) ^">H ag^'dza. shelf,

*T

s.

On

the shelf:

shelter, shield,

shin,

(straw,

s.

s.

temporary)

(§

8;

is

Yfi g''ojj''o.

s.

52a, y).

(§

that shining there? ^ ^'^n^fl^ r^JBl-C

ya mmiyarau

mdrkab

(§

••

:

:

troCh'tl

s.

74a).

§

fl^ barra.

v.i.

Vfl^K

shirt,

taq^^dt

pfi gassa.

What ship,

+*T:

*^U^-'hnH mahal (mal) agada

s.

shine,

q"ot.

nau?

62c) mindfr

(mdr-, -ay).

4»'^ft (jamis (-mis).

tdbbdb

^j^.-mn-n

f jjii

(common

native) 60.C4»

shiver,

v.i.

shock,

s.

(§ 9(1)

(-dy

;

§ 8).

ciirq.

+'>4'm+ni tanqataqqata.

(fright) j^'ipm* dingat>e.

He (it)

died of (the) shock: a^'ipoh-ri'^ badin-

gdt^e m^ota.

shocked, be, shoe,

'^*^

s.

A

£V7m dandp^gata. camma (§ 52a, S). v.i.

pair of shoes

Bring

A^«

me

:

'^'H

'•

camma.

another pair of shoes

lela

camma antallifi

(§

7d,

:

§

A»A « ^'^i*^ ' 47a).

h9°^

SHO-SHO shoe-horn,

shoe-lace,

shoot,

s.

Has

'^Jt^V yacamma madragya (-rag-) '^*7fl,^ mdgbya (-gyya). f*^'^:'^rt<5^ yacamma masdrya (-sar-, -ya), f '^'^

s

tdkkwwsa (twkkosa

i'h-rt

v.i.

v.t.

s.

282

fiaidTr^iao^ batabanja (ava) O'O O*' ^O'O' matta. o he learnt to shoot? i^hfts Ai^J?:,^:: tuks 1am-

d5al ?,

pi.

.

.

.

Ar ft

:

Did he shoot him mattau?, I

§ *Jd).

::

.

shooting:

.

lamclaual

?

{{ay^Hi^'-ao^ahxi batayanja

(it)?

pi. ...« twt:^i'.

am going

.

...

mattut?

ti^'i'-lxdufiiyihy'

pi. ...'• h'iih.^fi'} lau^ ^ o He shot himself: rndt^

...

'.•'

^

ddanihadal-

innihadallan. o o

m^ a

tavania tatta, or

mfl'>3?:7"^AK tavania orwwrrasa. •O'O" C3 O O

shop,

K^^sfl.^

s.

iqd-b^et

magdzan h'^C accir.

^tropH'i

short, adj.

short(-er), be,

v.i.

(-y>-).

(-H,^ -zin).

haid attara

It is (too) short:

(-tara;

^T^A«

586).

§

ydtral, pi.

^T^A-k

yat-

rallu.

This

is

be shorter than that: /2,U!i-H,U:/imC«

to

yihe tazzfh yftar. shorten,

'

Maid

v.t.

Shorten shot, be, v.p.

should,

V.

it

:

asattara (-tara). o o ^ o .

•

•

M*?diD' k asattirau, 'O o

pi. r^

dmaTf^ 'toD^ batabanja

aux.

— see

§

246,

note 2

You should have gone pi. r^

'

•

•'

:

;

§

-<»^ » -rut.

(-ayd-)

81c,

tamdtta.

d

^rh.j^! VflCw tihad ndbbar,

^ih.-^:inCK tihddu nabbiir. o o

If they brought a

good mule

I

f^s n4'A"! fl^-: VnC:: mdtu,

i<>:azau ndbbiir.

should buy

it:

ttiru vdql'^o vya-

SHO—SHU

283 shoulder,

-^h^ tikassa.

s.

«^'J^ cdnqa. (of horse, mule, etc.)

See shoulder-blade, shout,

Shout:

52a,

52a,

(§

pi. <XfeTi-« ciihu.

Don't shout: M^Etifli- atticuh, shout to

each other,

(at)

y).

7d).

(§

cuh,

fitblfi::

(i)mbya.

y.

aop^y magdfya

s.

£^fi c^'dha

v.i.

§

?iJ'"fl,^

pi. -fl^feTl-K -ciihu.

'h^fi^Ti- tacodcoahu.

v.i.

Shout to each other: +
v.i.

(appear) :^f tayya.

v.t.

M? asayyii. show:

It doesn't

h^^f!,9^'.'- aittayyim.

(of a small object) M'Jh?,^'.'. at-

tittdyyim

Show me shrink,

v.i.

(him,

it,

them,

61a)

§

54c).

(§

M^^.-

:

(become smaller) mflO tabbaba

It doesn't shrink

when washed

(aya).

iUi^ax-H

:

asdyyafi.

••

h^m-fl^ss

sittdttav aitabbim. o o o .

shrub,

s.

shudder,

o

•

•

o

(§

ft4»4'»?»Afl>- sj^ljqq

v.i.

VOA, It

•

4»^T^rn qwut(|wdt''o

§

52a,

^au

S).

(impers.

§

43a

;

s.v.

44a).

makes me shudder: ft4»4*:^A?AK sfqiqq

yilan-

nal.

shut, adj. -HT zigg. shut,

v.i.

(be shut, v.p.)

It is

Is

it

+Hp

tazagga.

not to be shut: h^tipa aizzaga,

shut?—Yes,

I

have shut

H*7^*PAfh:! tazao^toal

pi. -t-' -gu.

it: +H*7:I:A:: hioTfi

?—dwcon,

zagiccewallau^

SHU— SID shut,

284

lip zagga.

v.t.

(a lid) hftV kaddana.

Shut

H ;3ah

it:

Don't shut

it:

zfgau, pi. TIT-^k zigut.

II

h^llpahu

attizgau, pi. -7-^« -gut.

Shut the door: ft'i^Oh'i-.llpat*:'' sanqaun zigau. Shut the box and lock it: ^*?i-'ish^'iVi^fiid,ah» sdtinun kadnah qwojllifau. A •O o o o shy,

^"ilm danaggata.

v.i.

1^7^ garaggara (garaggara). shy (modest), be, It is

hd.d affara

v.i.

(-far-).

shy (wild): fiahsh^a)^9°:i

shying, given to, adj.

^Ip^

c^ngac (dan-

^lp"\ dangdtta

ICpd

gargdri

;

§ 8).

(dan-).

(gar-).

;^'^'^ tamdmi.

sick, adj.

sick, be,

aiwwddim.

sSu.

v.i.

^aoao tammama. o o haoaooh amniamau (impers. See

§

63f7, e

;

s.v. ill,

§

43«).

be.

(vomit) +4. taffa.

You

be sick: ^i'4-AUK

will

titafallah,

pi.

^1^4-

A^l^:•. titafalldccyuh (§ Id).

sick,

make,

hfitwao

v.t.

asammama. o o

(cause to vomit) hh'i'i^ astaffa. It

makes

(will

make)

me

sick: ^rii'4-?AK yastdf-

fafiiial.

It will

you sickle,

s.

make you

sick: ^ri1'4«yAK yastafFahal,

(pi.) ...: ^ftl'^^'l-'AAK

*^*I?'j^

mdcid.

sickly, adj.

S^^^9^ dwaydtdm

sickness,

n'fi;^ basita.

side,

s.

s. 7"J?:'>

yastaffaccyuhal

(-aid-; § 8).

gwwdin (>'} gwwnn

(part) (Dl'i

wagan

(wco'g-).

;

§

52a,

y).

(§

...

Id).

k

SIE— SIG

285

What

the length of the side? >*• ft7^

is

:

ffwwnnu O

sinti o o

Have you

V(D-

nau? o

a pain in your side?

T^TfVTf-h'P'/fiiii

gwwnnihin c4mm^ohal ?,

pol. T-VJ^^

gwwnna'^'on amm''o''otal?

(§

On

••

^rfP;^ A «

56c).

an object)

this side: (of

••

flltUsioTJ-' bazzih

wwffan.

regard to an object) Aoi-^Ob

(in

bauwdili (-dfh; ^8).

On

the other side

= over there) dtoj^f

(

:

dji (§ 8). Go round to the other side: H"<- « ... ziiru. zur, pL .

The other sieve,

.

.

sift, v.t. V4-

sifted, be,' v.p. I '

'}^^k

J&i4-

:

tanaffasa. o

o

o

o

••:

nffut. o

yinnafa.

^^

(seeing) '^P'Th maiiit (ma^at

s.

mad"o.

'M4- tanaffa. o o

be sifted

siffh, o ' v.i. +V
sight,

;

§

446).

(of gun) aD'if}md^ mannatattarya

He

(it)

has come into sight: HAi^A:!

HA4»
sign,

s.

wwdyd

-fit),

i.

it

H"C k

nafFa.

pi. Sift it: Wfl>-:: nffau, o

Let

•

!

side: (of water) *^^s

to'id.^ wanfit (ww-, -mf-,

s.

aij^'^

bauw-

-•

s.

(s.v.

(-tS,r-).

zal
HA+).

P/n>V^ni<5^s<w>h^? yamannatattarya

70a) makdafia.

(signal, gesture) T4*Vf tfq(is)sa.

(mark, token)

(symptom)

Make

r Ah^ milikkit.

*^ft;J'fli'fc^

mastau^qya.

a sign (signs) to him

-fr^K

-SUt.

:

T+rti»- k tiqasau, pi.

«

«

SIG— SIN Make

286

v.i.

pi.

-swaccau.

-0.^fl>"*'-

sign,

them: T+^^ohk tiqasdccau,

signs to

(beckon) m+rt taqqasa. one's

name)

&

ri*^^fl>-'>'''n^«

(write \ pol.

tlao't

/

f\d.

••

sfmun O

tdfa, o

•

simaccaun tdfa. Abyssinian documents are sealed,

pi.

{Note.

not signed.) silence!, interj. bdi!, pi.

silence,

s.

-H^snAK zimm ball, Ifi^sflA*:: zimm balu!

f.

H?":!!^::

zimm

(forbearance from causing noise) 'H^;^ zimmita. o

(freedom from noise) [h]Cp^ rlgdt silence,

11?"

v.t.

Silence

hiCi

him

zimm

§ 8).

;

assanna.

(it): 'HJ'"s?irtTfl^K

causing noise)

silent, adj. (not

(irg-

zimm

'^9^'t'^

assannau.

zimmitanna

(-tan-),

(free silent, be,

from noise)

[?t]C7-

(cause no noise)

v.i.

VOA,

rfgu (frgu).

'^9°iY\t\.

zimm

ala

(s.v.

44a).

§

(be free from noise) [?»]<^P (i)ragga.

Let him be

zimm

ftn/V"K silk,

s.

silver,

UC s.

s.

:

Ti?"

:^nAK zimm yiyal,

pi. 111'".-

yivalu.

harr.

'flC birr.

simpleton, sin,

silent

s.

1(D'P*P

^(n,h^ hdtydt

since, conj. h-

[i'-']

(at-

;

(-auwa).

§ 8).

ka- (ta-) with simple perfect

days since he started: h/^C

It is ten

qanu nau katanassa. o o o o then, since you want to:

hi'V*^"' assir o

Well, go

gaugawwa

in,

i'd.tilV

'••

(§

48a).

>flM

•*!*>«:

-i^o

hkwan, giva,

tafallagih.

?i'>V»,'}

••

*7n

Sm— SKI

287 sincere, adj.

sinciput, sing,

v.i.

qin.

andt

^'i'^

s.

&

qum.

•fe9"

4»'>

(§ 8).

nd,^ zaffana (zaf-).

t.

h^^'^

aqrdrra.

(chant) Hao^ single, adj. hlf!: and,

f.

zdmmara

(-mar-),

h'i^i,^ andit

(§

20a).

h'}^^ andiyya.

hO,^ ab^et (ay>hth^ fhit (hit, it).

sir, interj.

sister,

s.

sister-in-law,

sistrum, sit

XVX'A

s.

(down), Sit

9"^'> mirdt

s.

v.i.

sanasil.

i'+^/nT:*- tacjamat,

qamatii,

num.

(§ 8).

'h4»<w>m tacjanimata.

down:

six, card.

§ 8).

;

pi. 'I'^^aonvn ftj^-ftl*

pol.

^+<w>m-« yiq-

ta(iamatu.

sfddist

(§

20a).

num. h/^^'-l\^M' asrilsfddist (§ 20a). sixteenth, ord. num. h^^/^ flj^'ftf"^ asrasiddistdnna

sixteen, card.

••

(-tan-; §206).

num.

sixth, ord.

sixth

(Ve),

s. ft.f^'ft

t\ff:h'\'''^

^-^

:

siddistanna (-tan-;

[ftj^-ft'I:^]

siddi«tiyya

num. ftA«^^ «ilsaiiiia (§ card. num. l\M isilsa (§ 20a).

sixtieth, ord. sixty, size,

s.

;''A4*V^'

is

206,

§

52a, 8).

206).

(-niit).

^OD^ qiimat It

206).

tallaqfnnat (-nat).

*Jjm* Suat

What

(§

§

size is it

about

(-mitt). ?

r-J.-^UAA-.-.

min ydhlal?

this size: J&U'>:^UAsVi»-s:

nau. o skilful, adj. 'flA*/'^? bilhatafina (-tan-).

Tflrt? tibabaiiiia (tivav-, -an-).

(s.v.

hhA).

yihann yahl

SKI— SLE

288

-flAV^ bflhat

skill, s.

(§ 8).

Tn-fl tibab (tivav). skin,

*cn^

s.

q''

drbat

made

(bag

(-ry-, -at).

of) ^•fc*^^

aqumdda.

S. ftApf^ sillicca. o o y"^

(for water)

^*P^ rauwdt

*^ q^dda.

(hide)

MH

(with coat) skull,

sky,

s.

s.

4»A

ag^'dza.

qil.

samai

rt*^j&

v.t. ilC-*

(§ 8).

AA

slack, adj. (loose)

slander,

(§ 8).

rt^

lil.

ndgar

(-gar) sarra (sar-)

fl-

ba- (ya-;

§47a).

h^

amma. He slandered him slanderer,

s.

'ild'-iid

:

hlC rt^fl^ k nagar sarrabbat. '•

nagara

(-gar-;

§

h*^ ami. slaughter, v.i. & t. hd^ arrada. slave, s. nc^ bdrya, pi. dC'-^ bar^oc Runaway slave: h£" kaj. flCi^ barinnat

slavery,

s.

sleep,

?i^*A¥

s.

9°t^

He sleep, I

i"?

(-cc

§ 6).

§ 8)-

mfniiita {ao't- maniii-, :

(sar-).

(-nat).

(i)nqilf (§ ^f^;

needs sleep

v.i.

dd) sari

-it-).

ao't^^sf^Ti^'.i matanfidt yisdl.

taiiiia (tan-, -na, § 7c?).

could not sleep: ^Ai'?U-J'"K altaniiahum (cp. §

63c).

One

can't sleep with that noise going on: J&Oe

lSfe*fi^:rtfl^•^i^ft'^^V"•.:

yihe

ciihiit

s|u a^astaii-

fiam. sleep,

cause (send) or allow (-tail-,

-na,

§

7d).

to,

v.i.

&

t.

hhi'^ astdfina

«

'

SLE— SLI

289

The heat sends me

to sleep:

fli>-*l»^:^ft'h??Ass

miiqat yastannanfial. sleepy, be,

^i^4»A4- anqalaffa.

v.i.

I feel sleepy sleet,

:

h'i^fii-li'^ k anqalafFallau^'

Id).

n^j^ barad. o o

s.

sleeve,

?iK"l

s.

f jjjg^e (§

+T'^

slender, adj.

slide,'

v.i, •f'Tf^i'f'

sling,

s.

52a,

8).

qaccin, intensive pi.

qacaccin^'oc (-cc

cin, +'*^*P'T''1F'

^^'^'i qacac-

§ 6).

tansattata (-tata). o o o ^ o

ydmdir nagwwd (§ 8). *^H^ mahgdca (-gaca).

e{^JtC:V'?°Jt

(of rifle) slino-

{§

over the shoulder,

Sling

v.t.

Wil'i' ana<'o:ata.

over your shoulder: fl**i7:^U M*7'i'<»-

it

••

bacdnqah an^itau. slip,

v.i.

-^m data.

You

will slip: '"bj^^AU-.: tiditallah, pi. '"l^^'^A'f•I^K

tiditalljlccvuh

Take care you pi.

slip,

s.

Id).

-J^m- :: -df tu.

cause or allow

slipper,

(^

don't slip: ?i'}^'>j^T:: ndattidlt,

to, v.t.

Max

'ia\f\i^^"l ii^t^l'i (Avith

turned-up

addta.

camma. toe,

^^ja)

Vh'ps''*i*^

kuff

camma. slippery, adj.

See (of ground,

§

52a,

etc.)

8.

J^T

dit.

S. .^T dat.

M"^ adac

(§ 8).

(eluding the grasp) tm-A*?* miillic slippery,

be (become),

v.i.

(of ground, etc.)

(-cc § 6).

Mm addta,

(eluding the gTasp) 0»-A*I?'s hii miillicc dla (s.v. VflA, §

AM. GR.

(it)

44a

;

§

6Sd,

e).

19

SLI— SLO

290

This place

J&U:ft
slippery:

is

sifra yadltal. It is

very slippery: one can't hold

'dX^l^f'^'^^'' slit, s.

+^^ qadada

There

ddda slit, v.i.

a

is

(be

(§

|jj j&

52a,

it

:

?»S*7!
i^^l^ccj y^l^al

aij^dzim.

:

S).

(are slits) in it: ^-^^s^Afl^K qa-

slit

allabbat. o o

i'+A^ *|
slit, v.p.)

It will slit:

l^+^^A-s

pi.

yiqqaddadallu. taqadd5El,

I'+Jg^A-.s

It has''(is)° slit:

-^
pi.

-ddaual.

Take care dad,

Slit it

:

Don't

slit

:

lilfi^^^^

ndaiqqad-

:••

-^^i' -ddadu.

pi.

slit, v.t. 'I'^ft

doesn't

it

qaddada.

^^^(O' slit

::

qf dadau,

pi.

^f!,^^ » qfdadut.

^^4'^^a^:•. attfqdadau,

it:

-^^k

pi.

-dut.

slope,

s.

*f>^A'i^A^ qwulqwtilat (-lat; §8).

When

he

(it)

goes down the slope:

4*^ A*!*"-

A^

s

rt.

(dCj^s qwiilqwiilat siwwrd. slope,

v.i.

H^'-hti ziqq dla

See that

it

(s.v. J(\ii, §

doesn't slope:

44a;

'H4» ?i'>-Sj& ••

§ QScl, e).

A

:••

ziqq in-

dail. o

sloping, adj. «f»^A'f»^A qwdlqwiil.

The ground qwulqwiil slops,

s.

h^^

Pour the

is

sloping

(§

8) nau.

:

?"jtC! 4^ A*f>^ A «>£»•:•. liidir

fd(i)f.

slops

away and put fresh water

>lJ^•f^:^T.rtU••T<.:fl^•/•^^J?:C*7n•^h::

Mfun

tdru wiiha adrigibbat (tiiruhdrgibbat).

in it:

affssah

!

SLO—SME

291 slow, adj. ^-t^ datanfia (-tan-).

^A+^ The watch or

...s

go

is

slow

*f»C:f:AK

slowly!, interj.

slowly,

cillitanna (-tan-). rt*}* H*7j&;l; -•

:

...

HI

zigg!

^h

qass

(act),

v.i.

11*7

A«

saatu zagjdtSaU

qartoal.

--Ai

A zigg

dla.

^llshlV qass ala. lo o S.v.

VOA,

§

Ua.

Speak slowly Tf*? -fl AU -h'^lC k zigg yiliih tanagar. Let him speak slowly: 'M*7:'flA".-^V7C:: zfggi (§ 7r/) ••

:

:

yil"o yinndgar. small, adj. ^'>7i tfnnis, intensive pis. ^"iTfti tinfnnis,

-IVI' -nnis^^ocVcc -nnis'^oc (-cc

§

6),

^-^Tfi titfnnis^

^FfV

§ 6).

They are quite small

:

1*'^^'fi

:

V^fl^

titinnfs

::

(§

8)

ndccau. o small-pox,

He

Vl-'P^ kiifFin (-nil

s.

§

6;

§ 8).

pitted by small-pox: Xb^^sfmpoh-.'iahii

is

kufFin yawajQ:«>au naii.

Has he had small-pox? Yh^^-'^iai^:: wtta?, pol. & pi. -m-K -ttu?

kiiffinn au-

smart, adj. (clever) ^^A» c''61Pe.

lai^ g^etanna

(well dressed)

smart, be,

v.i.

smash, v.i

Aflfl^

smashed, be, §

smear,

22b,

v.t.

(dress well)

hZm

sababbara

v.p. i'Aflfl^

(-tan-).

ag^eta.

(sava-,

-bara

tasababbara

;

^

22b,

77).

(tasii-, -va-, -biira:

0).

*l*fl

qabba.

hail abbasa. o o

19—2

SMB— SMO

292

Smear the boots with grease

^^.loh'i ti'dt ^(\ah k

cammaun (§ 52a, 8) sfyin (§ 5Gf) qiyau, flft'fls^'flflH"' cammaun basfv qfvau. smeared, be,

(smear oneself,

v.p.

v.r.)

Has it been smeared with grease?

A i'+'fl'h'P

smell,

s.

•»

...

pi.

...s

taqdytaual?

71;^ sitta.

bear the smell of

I can't

T.i. Ti'i"i'

sdttata

it

(§ 8).

11^

:

'-'•

gammail

61c).

(§

(sat-).

11 oamma.

(unpleasantly)

See

He

t^bbasa. o o

ft'fl^s'h+'flrtAss

basfy) taqaytoal?,

flft'fl!

(unpleasant) *7'^^ gimdt

smell,

or «i*^iD-'>s

i'^d taqabba. ;^flrt

siyin (§56/; or

-.

-.

:

§

63^,

e.

smells: ?f;l:A" sattoal.

(it)

(unpleasantly) 1?";tAK gamtoal. smell, I

v.i.

&

t.

have a

^ff'^'^ asattata (-s4t-;

cold, I

gumfdn I

smell

it:

§

6Sd,

e).

can'tsmell: 'hli^l'^n^'-M'S^rA

ydzan, alasattim

(§

63c).

^'fi^'PA>'» asicc>ewallau^

(§ Tf^,

pL ^

'fii'V'PA" asittanaual. o o o

Do you

smell

it? ^*rt'^t^'PA"j& «

dsittahauallwi?

(D^), pi. h'fi^^O'^(\rf^-» asittaccihutallwi

smell sweet,

v.i.

;^mV tduana

It smells sweet

smile,

v.i.

smith,

s.

:

;^TXAK

'P'1*7:^A figigg dla

s.

tatinoal, pi. -^*PA:: -naual. (s.v. x/flA, §

OAg- bdlajj (§8). ^^^isjb qatqdc m.fl

tis.

^P'fl cTs.

smoke,

v.i.

m.A t>esa

(§

(tobacco)

v.i.

42c).

k

t.

?

(§ ij'dd^e).

(§ 8).

smoke,

(s.v.

m")

tatta.

44a).

SMO— SO

293

Do you smoke?

^{^flA-^m'HAU:! timb|iiha

ti-

tattdllah?, pol. ...s/K-m^A-K... yitattallu?

smoked, smoky,

be, v.p. (of tobacco) i'm'H tatatta.

tlsdm

adj. m.*^!^

smooth,

adj.

AAA^

lasldssa.

Ali-n Ifzzib O O snail,

+^0 tasabb"o

s.

snake,

(-iv). / \

O"

usually

(tas-),

fbdb (fvdv

s. Kfl'fl

(§ 8).

;

f.

(§ 54c).

^ 8).

snake poisonous? ^V-Md'aDCnr^-'iahii

Is this

marzam naii ? '^'Vao'^ matmdja (maja).

yih ivdv snare,

s.

snatch,

v.i.

&

t.

Don't snatch sneeze,

v.i.

nattaqa

Vm^f*

MmCi

:

Y\^'la\^ •

Pa^•/ j^*C*?""h yiUiha dfrcit

snipe,

s.

snore,

v.i. h'i\\i'.d.

s.

attintaq.

andttasa. o o o •

snow,

(nat-). ••••

•

52a,

8).

ankwarrafa.

haoPif^ araadai

OKC^

(§

(§ 8).

wurc (prop,

frost),

snub-nosed, adj. ^V'"]'^ daftatta. snufF,

s.

lil'^l sincjan.

snuff, take,

v.i.

Do you

til^^luw^ H^^W^

take

snuff"? ft^*^'>••1•^l'»]AU:•. sincian titat-

tallilh?, pol. ..../Z.m'HA-::

so, adv.

^dtta.

...

yitattc411u?

(consequently) hHo)^^ (i)z(z)a'''wdya (-zdd-

;

§ 8),

S. ;^•S,/ tadya.

h'il^V (thus)

ht^V

(i)ngd>eh.

(f)ndih (-dfh;

§ 8).

htf^tUV (i)ndazzih (-daz-, -zfh (inferential) I don't

wish

alfalliffim. oCo o

it

-^i

-a

so:

?

;

§ 8).

(§§ 6, 8).

?i^^H.0.AiA
SO—SOL

294

Quite so

nau, or

VflH «

:

So you are going?

'hah-'i^

(§ 16).

samuna.

^fli»-V

s.

unat nau.

^tb,fiMii tihadallaM?

so-and-so, indef. pron. hH\> igal^e

soap,

"lOh a

•

sociable, adj. '^«i
cauatanna o o

III. 'Pi'?

•

sociable, be,

sock,

v.i.

s. TJ^^'fl

siirrdb (-dy;

It is too soft

AftA^

:

be (become),

soften,

§ 8, §

52a,

S).

v.t. hlifilifi

aD&^

•-

VflH « laslassd, (S 8)

nau.

AAArt lasdllasa.

v.i.

alasallasa. o

o

soil, s.

'

i'^ai't tacduwata (-wwta).

AftA^ lasldssa.

soft, adj.

soft,

(-tan-). ^

mar^^et

o

o

(^ 8). /

(loose) }id.C afar (-far).

Hard, stony

Red

soil

G^GC-- f^draf^or.

:

b^drab^or

soil: (i^(iCs

Od'i^i b^dranq soil, v.t. h^if^d,

Don't

(-av^^-).

(§ 8).

asaddafa. o o

h^fi^d^Ohw attasaddifau,

soil it:

pi.

-^^k

-fut.

You

will soil it: ;^^J?:<(.*P AU k tasaddifauallah, pi.

^^^4'^'i'^O' K tasaddifutallaccyuh soiled,

be (become),

It is soiled:

v.i.

&

p.

h^d, addafa

AiJ^^Ak adfoal,

It will get soiled

:

(§ 7c?).

23a,

§ 63c?, e).

pi. h^d.'Pfii'.-

adiaual.

^j?:*^Ak yddfal,

(§

pi. ^j^r^-A-s

^

fdllu.

See that dif,

Let

it

It is

it

...

sold, be, v.p.

yad-

doesn't get soiled

that they don't

i'Km

be sold

...:

Mfifj!:^ k nda^ a-

K'J^^Jt^K ndaTadfu.

tasata (tas^ta). :

jtffT « yfssat, pi.

not to be sold: ^^TTTk

aissatu.

:

|&?f /n*

dissiit,

:••

pi.

yissatu.

h^Tfobn

:

SOL— SON

295

What

tal?, pi.

solder,

s.

solder,

v.t.

sold at? nft'}^:^?filA:: basfnt yissa-

is it

j&?f^/V-K

...!

...

mattabaqya

*l"\(\*k^

jdssatallu? (-ay-, -aq-).

h^di* attabbaqa.

soldered, be, v.p. i'^fl* tatdbbaqa.

must be soldered: ^^n4»::

It

soldier,

a^^C

s.

sole (of foot),

s.

wwttdddar (-dar

camma

^n,^

(§

;

52a,

yittdyaq. §

52a,

8).

y).

solid, adj. TV- tfnu. -nC-lJ bfrtu. o

mth^ solitary, adj.

Somali,

some,

•

o

hl^,^ andiyya.

i^'^H*

s.

tankdri'a.

s"omdl>e

(-A,

^A

indef. pron. (gen.)

-li).

yallii (§§ 7a, 14, 32a).

(much) h^A. ayydPe (a few) ^IrF-'^

(§ 10).

hlftl^ jlndand

anddnd^oc

(-cc

(§ 8), §

6;

§

pi.

hi

16).

Bring some like the last: ?i'>ftAA'fa»-:^A--M'"«l:: ndahwalaiindu yallii dmta (-lldnta §§ 7a, d).

Some

are (to be) seen: A»'}^'>j^!j&.'^^A:: andfind

yittayyal

—

52a,

(§

8).

often not translated

Please give

me some

ivdkkih wmia O' o

water: >iny]LI*'£D-y-'Am^»

sitan. o* o

some? hiiv. alia? (§ 32r/). Are there some? hA-s allu? Was there some? Vfl^:: nabbara? Is there

sometimes, adv. hlfH'i^ son,

s.

aE (as

•

T.H.

andandi

gfz^e.

lij.

opposed to daughter)

son-in-law,

(^ 33c?).

s.

^i*^^

amdc

(§ 8).

fli'Jjt

••

aE* wwnd-lij

(§ 8).

SON— SOR song,

296 zafan

H
s.

(zaf-).

soon, adv. ^C'ti'-IM qirb (ry) gizye. flT*fe^ . n^/\ batiqit (fast) -i^A-

§ 7c?).

r dlo.

soon:

I shall start

bahwala (ya-, -auha-,

^C'(\'•lM'•'M'*l^'h•'''

qiry giz^e

innassallau^. o o o

Come

as soon as you can: ?i'>^*^^AO."f'/t"!Ta

ndammiccdlih o o

He

will

(it)

soon come back now:

A^Ak dhun soot,

s.

t'^dlo na.

t^dl^'o yimmallasal.

T+CTf tiqarsa

sorcerer

(-ess),

s.

fl"-^

(-qar-).

biida.

hl\*H'^ asmatanna sorcery, sore,

s.

s.

hih'ii-^^ti^s^a'*

hll^^ asmdt

(-tan-),

(§ 8).

4>^ftA qwtisil.

To have a sore (sores): To cause a sore (sores)

He (it) has a

qwcJssala

*fertA: :

^*fertA

••

(§

6Sd,

e).

aqw^ssala.

sore: *feft^A*" qwwsloal,

pi. *feftA
qwcJslaual.

He

will

(it)

get a sore: j&*feAAAK yiqwcJslal, pL

^*feriAA-K yiqwwslallu.

It is not to get sores

Ai^*l»^rt

A»

cause a sore: ^"feftAAK yaqwwslal.

If flies settle

on a sore

not get well:

it will

+4^ftA.n*l'/wiT!>»J&<^A(D-r:: qwtisil

sorghum

{S.

zimb

(§

TiJ^'flf

52a, 8) ta-

viqqammat aissdlaum.

vulgare, Broun, Cat. 663),

sorghum-stalk, sorrel

aiqwiisal, pi. hf,

aiqwiisalu.

*l>^rtA*K

It will

:

{Rumex

s.

s.

*^7iA masflla.

^'Jh'fi tfnkis (§ 52«, S).

abessinicus, Guidi,

ao^oD^ maqmaqq^^o.

Vocab. pp.

80, 81), s.

SOR— SPA

297 sorrow,

?iH^ azan. o

s.

sorry, be,

am

I

hH'i dzzana.

very sorry: h'^l'-hli^i^U'i'.

7d), pi. ...s^TiWA!--

(§

sort,

v.i.

aznanal.

...

ainat (-nat).

^Ji'/I*

s.

ijjig aziiiiiallau^

What sortV? ^^^(D-

yetfiinau?

(§§ 8, 15).

IP^^ minmna? (§15). What sort of houses have they? fl.-f'^'^fl>---'J^V'ts '^'if^^'i^^'i-.'iahv.

ndamindfn o o soul,

V*Pft

s.

o

\

nafs (na-,

sound, adj. T<- tiru ^'^'T

sound,

dahna

(§ 8).

J^J^T dimt.

s.

fiCfe'fi'T"

tasamma

v.i.

i'A*^

sound,

v.t.

(by blowing)

s. tro^'t*

sow,

s.

& t.

How

<7d;J-

ddbrib (ddydy

*^ft;''aiTf

(seed,

(*i9";

k^om-,

mastaiiasa (-auwsa).

it?

zdrra.

h'i^^-^n^^-^.i nd^et

s.

spade,

s.

ao'^d.d^ maqwwfl'drya

sparkle,

is it

(8 inches) A^lfC sfnzir v.i.

jd-

tazarra (tazar).

space,

s.

-tdt>e).

§ 8).

sown ? e (room) ao^ao^^ maqqamdca.

span,

mm,

?

v.p. •fli^

When

matta.

& ground) H^

do they sow

zarutal

sown, be,

7^0-

maraq.

s. ftfl-'fl

souvenir,

§

naffa.

ir9^mm h^^omtatta

sour, adj.

ciihat (-hat

(tas-).

'i4-

(by percussion)

v.i.

ainatu

-vs).

sound,

south,

55&)

(ttiru).

(continuous)

soup,

(§

nau ? o

8)/

(S

b^et'^'occdccau

(-far-). (§

52a,

h-HtiGO^ha^ ablacallaca

8).

(ayl-).

yizzarral?

SPE— SPL speak,

298

& t. 't^ld tanaggara

v.i.

Don't speak so

attinndgar, pol.

Speak

(-gara).

fast: ^(i^^'f'ttr'.M'^'lC^ t^^olo t^dlo ...

in

slowly:

••

••

^^'n4-«

-flAU

:

...

i-TlC « zfggi yflah tand-

pol. 'H*7s'flA<»-s ft'i'74-«

o^ar,

ainndgaru. vilau yinnd-

ziersri

garu. °

Speak very loudly

speak much Amharic: ^'^C?-"flH---^A*?

can't

I

6tfeTiU-"f'nCK ciihah tandgar.

:

1C9" K amarfiina vizu alinnaggarim

Do you speak

Arabic ? h^'fl? ^^l^liV ••

tinnaggarallah?, pol.

...«

63c).

(S

fp'tl^t^v.

...

usually

(§

arayf fina

•.••

yinnagga-

rallu?

spear,

rnc

s.

spear-head,

t^'

spectacles,

speech, spelt,

Don't

spill it

&

(thread)

t.

hlUC^

s.

spine,

s,

(vertebrae)

spirit,

s.

(liquor)

^d^fl^fiVn tafassauallah. o o

Mu^

(|)nzirt

&

t.

anazzara

(-zara).

(§ 8).

MlChd akarkdri

Ai^*fe

araqi

(ghost) fl>-^n.

^'^ihti

(-kark-).

(-raq-).

wuqdb^e

tiff

h-i^-V-hk

dla (not

(-dyJ'e). S.).

(i)ntiff (-ttiff ) dla.

S.v. v/flA, § 44a.

Spit

it

out: h-i^^'-mohii

•

spleen,

o4c).

spin? ;^V'H^A^K tanazrallac?

spindle,

v.i.

f.

h:f'^fiah « attaf fssau.

:

will spill it: 1

Can she

spit,

(siirar-),

h^CAA afassasa.

You v.i.

qal.

ajja.

?f^<5^ sararit

s.

spill, v.t.

spin,

dfr^e.

VTC manattir.

s.

h^

s.

spider,

h^d>

s.

^A

s.

or.

s.

'^V^

taffya.

Atiffi valau. • o

o

o

o

(§

63c).

SPL— SPO

299 splendid, adj. H:!^ dinq. *7^9" gfrum.

h^'Q'i^^hr It is splendid: Atje-I^^" splice,

splinter, I

s.

aiggaimim.

-h+niA taqdttala.

v. p.

ft^TC

sintir.

have got a splinter in my hand: AlTC'l-Jt-lflK sfntir tajjJ'e (§§ 7a, 47a) gdbba.

rt7^^ santaqqa.

split, adj.

split,

••••

(§ 8).

qattala.

v.t. *l*fliA

spliced, be,

maMm

ijjjg

1^

s.

niq, pi. also

'i^^^ niqaqdt

(§ 8).

A'>t4» sfntiq. split,

(be, v.p.) +rtVni4»

v.i.

Vj^

It

is

split:

tasandttaqa

(tiisan-).

ndqqa.

l^rt^TjtAK

tasantiqSal,

pi.

-+
-qaual. It will split: JK.rtVm.'^A:: yissandttaqal, pi. f-rtVm ^/V".:

It

yissanattaqallu.

hf!,Mm^9^

won't split:

'.'-

aissanattaqim,

-ttaqum.

-m*fcl'"K

pi.

^

Mind it doesn't split: ?i'>^^AVm*« ndaissandttaq. The wood is going to split Mge&'P A.rtVm4» Va»-.: •

:

nc^etu lissanattdq

This kind

is

(§

••

8) nau.

Inclined to split: ^Us'J^V^.-V'fe.-^a^::

yihe ainat naqi nau. split, v.t.

AVm+

Split the

sanattaqa.

wood: h^fiRrl^^

tiqau, pi. spoil,

v.i.

-'fcl"::

(be spoiled,

idssal.

rt'>T4»fl>- «

nc^etun sdn-

-qui

v.p.) i-fl'tTf tabaldssii (taya-). <{.
It will all

:

be spoiled:

farrasa. o o o

ihA-sj&nATfA-.: hiillu yibba-

SPO— SPR spoil,

300 abbaldssa.

v.t. h(\f{Tl

hd^dfl afarrasa. o o o

you do that you

If

^dfiTf^tiV K ndih drgah

(§

pi.

h'J-lU

-

'-

7d) tabbalassauallah,

pol. ?i^^U.•^iJ^C^fl^:^nA?f;^A:•.

baldssutal,

h'i^V h!!:CW

will spoil it:

ndih drgau yab-

^j^Cp^i> ;^nA?i^;^A^l^ « =

ndlh argdccyuh tabbalassutalldccyuh.

You

them: ;MlA^Tf^'PAUK tabbalassac-

will spoil

cauallah,

pi. ;^nA'?t^'PA'fl^•.:

tabbalasswaccaual-

idccyuh.

spoon, spoor,

manka.

*^'iU

s.

^A^

s.

fillaga (§8).

S.
o^

4-^ fdra.

See spout,

(of vessel)

s.

sprain,

s.

6Sd,

spread,

af

walamm

dla

is

sprained

:

f^C

••

(DtiT* : 'flO^A « sir

spread: ?i'^^!|Z,'lVA»

Mai^

v.t.

it

out:

hiim asatta.

h'JT
Y\l\"\ahi' astau, pi.

(of water) 9°!*^ niinc.

(metal) TiO sib^^o (leap) v.i.

TIA^

(over,

isdt yigannal.

anattafa.

(to dry)

spring,

walam

gdnnana.

fire will

(out),

s.

VflA, §44^^;

6) bilSal.

Spread spring,

(s.v.

e).

v.i. 1*1*1

The spread

h^

(Di\9°--hii

v.i.

The joint (§

S.

walamta.

fl)AJ'°;^

sprained, be, §

52a,

§

v.t.)

(siy^^o).

z^lja.

HAA

zdllala.

-^^k

-fiit.

-ni-^« -tut.

SPR— SPR

301

He

sprang over

(it)

A-^K

o

HA

pi.

o

onto

it

HAAfll' « zallalabbat

:

°

HAA-n^-:: zallalubbat. o o

•»

sprinkle,

HAA<»-k zallalau,

zallalut.

He (it) sprang pi.

it:

°

°

47a),

(§

°

o

v.t.

(a liquid, or with a liquid) h<(.h^ kafakkafa.

dd^M

raV)arraba (rao o o o o ^

varrava). o o •

•

[?i]
VrtVrt

'

it

rivibbat

§

<»•'/• ^'flC-nfl-ll-::

47a), or (D-V d'ilCilah

mar^etun o

ooooi

nasnisibbat,

pi.

ray-

ao^'Wi ohV t

••

liha ricau. o o •

Sprinkle the earth over

sprinkled, be,

wdha

wtiha ravrivau.

.'.

'•

Sprinkle the ground with water: CGO^at^'.-'

rac-).

(

.36/

with water:

(S

(i)racca

nasanna«a. o o o o

See Sprinkle

'

a substance, other than a

(a substance, or with

liquid) A

o

it: ^Afl-'l*::

VA'JA-n-l*::

...••

afiirun

oo

nasjnisubbat. o

...

v.p.

ooooo

(of or with a liquid) ^ •*' i^dA)^. takafakkafa. '/'^fl
tarabarraba o o o o o

(tiir-, ^

-avarrava). o

•

o

o

•

O

'

i'^M. taracca o o •

•

(tarac-). ' ^

o

•

(of or with a substance other than a liquid) '^VrtiA

tanasdnnasa. o o o o o

See

§ 50/ The ground should be sprinkled with water:

#wi<J.^:a>-'/:^h^h^:: market liha yikkafkaf, or

iwd^^ Ohi i

i

Pfd-il^'Q •^

K

mar^ et liha »'oo*ovirravrav. o

Salt should be sprinkled on

cau yinndsnasibbat sprout,

v.i.

n+A baqqala

(^

47a).

(bS,q-).

it: fla,fl>-:^VAVAfl'*ih»

A»

SPU— SQU spun, be,

302 (of thread)

v.p.

Show me how asayyaiin

^^s spur,

s.

.

.

•

it's

s

ind^et jdnnazzaral,

6)

(§

+VH^ tanazzara (-zara). spun: Mf ^ K^^^ J&VM^A

asayyinii ind^ et

.

makwalkwaya

(calcar) /w>hoAh"^

v.t. yi»
See § 52a, S. kwwrakkwcura (-rwk-).

spurge (Euphorbia

sputum,

^^:^

s.

spy,

s. rtAjZ,

spy,

v.i.

&

(on,

square, adj.

s.

v.t.)

v.i.

6

§

(-tar-).

§ 8).

;

rtAA sallala

(sal-).

q.v. :

yallau sdtin

among

(open space

babai (-aydyai squeak,

-dyy

;

square tin; fl^^- '^H^

mazan

baratt

antarfa

t^ffjta.

—use rectangular,

It is in a

square,

hl^C^

sp,), s.

sallai (sal-

t.

(-kwwl-, -aia).

makwwrkwcurya.

aD\\°C\)pd^

spur,

M^^'-M

f.

••

^Afl>-

:

<^T^

••

h

alia,

houses) h^flflji adda-

§ 8).

;

mouse) A.T ^%A^ st tt dliic (-cc § 6 (of inanimate objects) ^.TTsAiA sftitt (of

•

§

;

54c).

(sftitt)

ala.

VnA,

S.V.

squeeze,

v.i.

&

t.

h"\M e^*^*i

Squeeze

§

44a.

attabbaqa.

caqqwwna (cwqqona

it: ^i^'fl4'fl^s•.

§

7c? kdiy).

attayiqau.

GB^^*iahi\ co^qqwiinau.

Don't squeeze

it:

h^^X-H^Ohw attattayiqau. h^QB^'^hahix atticwqqwunau.

squeezed, be,

v.p. i'^nfl*!* 'h6H.*feV

If

it is

squeezed

:

k

tatabbaqa.

tacdqqwwna (-cwqqona).

fl,''lfl4»:

d.O.Ll^'}:

bittabbaq.

biccwqqon.

I

s

SQU— STA

303

squeeze out,

tammaqa.

v.t. m<w>«f»

Squeeze the] juice out of the lime(s

§

52a)

:

f /t"

yal^omiun uha tfmaqau.

'^J.fl>•'}:a^ysT<wI4»a^K

squeezed out, be, v.p. •faioD^ tatammaqa. squirrel {Xerus sp., Blandford, Geol. & Zool. pp. 278, 279),

stab,

v.i.

'S^ sala, often

s.

& t.

(Dp ww'gga

(''

f.

54c).

(§

wg"-).

He

stabbed him with a knife: flh^ karra (§ 47a) wwggau.

stabbed, be, stable,

v.p. 'i'lop

^^^h--^^

s.

tawwgga

idjjid-

:••

ba-

(tauw-).

y^i%i'as (§§ 47rt, 70

8)

§

;

b^et

(y>-).

;iT gat.

Put

it

in the stable: h<<.^ft:fl.1*:?»j^Cli»-:: kafards o o

^

v^et adrigau (argau

{•fd.- tafa-)

o

7^).

\\9°C kimnur. o o

stack,

s.

stack,

v.t.

'

§

Ylao^

stack

kammara o o o

(them

it

(miira). ^

§ .32a,

o

8)

'

here:

\\\l}}-'XiT*d.ah:x kiiz-

-<-"^k -rut. zfh kammiraii, pi. I O O O O '

stacked, be, v.p.

•f'Xiao^.

takammara

(-milra).

Show him where

it is to be stacked f^h^mCfl^-'J: M^Ohv. yammikkammilrfbbatin (§ 02c) asayyau.

stage (of journey), §7^/;

§

52a,

:

ao^VZ- mannahjirya

s.

(-"fi-

-x^-, -ka-

8).

stagnant, adj. [JijCT* rfgu (Irgu). f'^^rh,.^ yiimmaihad

stagnant, be,

v.i.

\)\y.p (pr^gga

Use §

It is

(§§ 14, 37c).

(§ 63c?, c).

neg. of rh.^ hadii (h|-,

h>'e-,

-da,

7^0, to flow._

stagnant: ?i^rh.Jt9":: aihadim.

It is stagnant, it isn't

good to drink:

fli^^:^*7jr»:^/&/^A::

gimm

(§376)

aidiil.

ragtSal,

lamatattdt dag-

STA— STA stain,

+A9" qalam.

s.

(of stain,

304

&

v.i.

h^9

dirt") t.

id(i)f.

qallama.

(dye)

*l*A<w»

(soil)

M^d.

It will stain it

asaddafa.

^^JtiC'PA k yasaddifaual.

:

stained, be, v.p. (stain oneself,

(be soiled)

Mind the

i'^tim* taqallama.

v.r.)

hf^^d,

addafa

(§

23a).

cloth doesn't gei stained: GB^C^-'txlih^

j^'hK carq inda^adif

f T^ yan^^ora

stale, adj.

stale,

v.i.

stalk,

s.

stall,

s.

(vet.)

Y\1^

sanna.

agada

(§

o2a,

S).

p*? gat.

stammering, stamp,

Xi'i

14, 62).

(§§

s.

adj. fiA

duda.

mahattamya (-tam-). mahtam (mahdtam § Id). tambr (§ 52a, 8).

(instrument) aD'\'\'%^ (impression) '^'^'^JP (postage-) t'frjP-nC

{Mao

stamp, v.i (imprint) 'hi'ao hattama

stamped, be,

stampede,

v.p. ^^'^'ao

v.i.

dttama).

tdttama.

^^fl^ danabbara (-bara).

They stampeded and are all dambir^'o hiillu taffa

(§

lost

:

ff^TrilC'-

ihA-s

m4-K

52a),

v.i. ^ao q^^Sma (§ 42c). Stand here: hn,U!*fcjr»:: kazzfh qum,

stand,

.

stand,

.

stand

.

.

«

*fc-

k

h^ao aq^oma.

Stand . .

.

qiimu.

.

v.t.

.

pi.

••

it

here:

still, v.i.

hltU.-^'fciw)
aqumut. ^T.-^A: qatt dla

>i*fctfi»-^-

K

Standstill: ^T.-riA:: valu.

kazzfh dqumau,

pi.

...

(s.v.

VOA,

§

44a).

(latti val, pi. «f»T:nA-::

qatti

STA— STA

305 stand up,

+V"/ tanassa.

v.i.

'flJt'7'lKA

bfdigg

(§ 6)

Stand up: -Ajt^sflAK hidig standard, star,

(-iyt)

starch, start,

s.

v.i.

see

;

§

52a,

§

Ua).

aldma sdndaq.

also

(-av), pi.

VHA,

(s.v.

8) yal.

(§

(with flag) ^A'^!A'}ft4»

s.

hh-n k^^okab

s.

ala

h'Plri'fl'l-

k^idkibt

8.

^h'^F- amid'^o. (proceed) i*!*^ tanassa. (begin) 'tj^ao/i

tajammara

Start: i'V'^K tanasa, pi. o * o

Don't start:

tanasu. o o

^i^V"/:: attinndsa, pi.

Before you start

When you

i-ii***!-.

(-miira).

start

«^'ll-V'^!

:

:

ft'l-V"/.-

-su.

-a»«::

sattinnassa,

pi. -i*»-: -ssu.

sittinnassa, pi. -a^: -ssu.

Why

have you not started? 9^'i'-'i(D':hM''i''il)9^.'. mfn-nau altanassahim?, T*"} 'lah h^'l-'i'^'^ pi. O O A O O O •

:

ihjr»::

He

is

mfn-nau altanassdccihum o o o o o

to start

He^is not to

J&i*^ « yinnasa, pi.

:

him

start, let

ainnasa, yfqwwi,

pi.

?

-i*»«

:••

-su.

wait: ^^V^/Tj&'fejB.::

hjRVa»-T^*fef.::

ainnasu, yi-

qwcJyyu.

Has he

started?

i-V/^'l-'PA::

i'V/*',-f:A::

He is to start at once yinnasa,

When

tanast(lal?, pol.

& pL

t^dlo

ahun

tandstaual? o o o

pi. ...-i>*-::

:

'f-A":f»u-'>: je,V"f «

...

-su.

did he start? ao^

mac>e tanassa?, o o o mac^e tandssu? o o o -.

i-'i'^

v.

'

pol.

I

am

&

pi.

<w»^s+W*»«;:

'

going to start: AVf.-V^:: linnassd (§8) nan,

pi. A^V"/:V'>:: *

linninnassd nan. O O o

am

not going to start: ^AWi^-.: alinnassam, pi. h'}'i**l9^ anninnassam. O o Before I start: /»AV«^: salinnassa, pi. ftth*^-- sanI

::

ninnassa. O o AM. GR.

(ll)

20

STA— STA When

306 start: M**i' sinndssa, pi.

I

tl'i'i^:

sinnin-

nassa. o

We

are not starting yet:

nassam, gand

h'i'i**i9^ll'!s'iahti

annin-

(§ 8) nau.

morning: Ili^iJii'^ti'hi' nnassallau'\ pi. *^A^ ?i^V"f A*} k malada malada r o o o o

I shall start early in the

••

'

nninnassallan. o O

start,

v.t.

(move)

asnassa.

hfl'i'*i

(begin) £
jammara

(-mara).

Start the transport: ^\t'iihM*^ahii nassau,

pi.

Don't start

gwdzun

as-

-a»-^K -ssut.

h^M^^Ohn

it:

attasnassau,

pi.

-w-^k

-ssut.

tajammara

started, be, v.p. +£<w>
v.t.

(-mara).

hft^Vlm asdanaggata.

It startled

me Kft^^7m^ k :

What was

that startled you?

it

VnC:: yasdanagffatah startled, be,

v.i.

&

asdanaggatan. ytl^'ilmVi9^'i:

min nabbar?

ftilm danaggata.

p.

starving, adj. [?i]^'fl+? (i)rabtanna (-ayt-, -tan-), state,

v.t.

hli dla

(s.v.

VflA,

^Id naggara

§

44a).

(-gara).

d/}^ fanta. (railway-) aoth^ mahatta. (stopping-place) tm^'^p maq^omya.

station,

s.

station,

v.t.

(post)

h^im

Station a

aq'^^oma.

man

at every fifty yards

:

hlfilff!:

••

iioh

([^ao^ Wft: ^*JP:: andand sau yayyamat^d §

18)

'•

'•

kind

dqum

(lit.

at every 100 cubits),

(residence)

tm^C man'^or

(remain)

qwojyyji.

stay,

s.

stay,

v.i.

"fef

(reside) ++<w»fli

(§ 8).

taqdmmata.

'•

(§ 8,

STA— STE

307

Stay here:

hJtiU:*feJiK

kazzfh qwwi,

pi. hH.lle'fc^::

kazzfh qwcuyyu.

Don't stay (away) long: qwwi,

am

I

attiqwwyyu.

pi. 'flH'.'h^'fepK

going to stay here:

iqQammatallau^ o J.T o o o

'

•

pi. i

blzu attj-

'AH* s ^i^'feji «

hH,Us?i*f»<wj/nA1r^K kazzfh

hH.0 hl'PaDflli'i n kazzfh o :

in-

o

niq qammatdllan. I

am not going to stay long aliqqdmmatim,

HH'

pi.

i

'AH*

:

••

hfii^aoTV^ « hfzu

h'Tr'PaD^9° a bfzu anniq-

qammatim.

hun

Stay! (where you are) (>'>«

stay behind,

v.i.

(not proceed)

Stay behind:

4*C:*.

pi. li-V-K

!,

hiinu!

4*/^ qai'ra.

qir, pi. 4*4-

Don't stay behind: h^^d--

qfru.

:••

M^^a at-

attfqir, pi.

tfqru.

What

did you stay behind for? AJ'^'J-'+^Uk lamfn

qdrrah?, (§

Al^^ +^^l^

lamfn (jarrdccyuh?

:••

s

(expressing annoyance)

'7<'0-

U-fl^;:

mfn-nau qarriihibbin Aq o o o o

^l^'fl^:••

He He

pi.

pi.

^ mfn-nau qarrdccihubbin? ?,'

is

to stay behind

is

not to stay behind: hf^^Ca

:

^4»C

:••

9°'is'iah''*P^

9^'i-''iahs^^

yfqir, pi. /&4*<- :: yjqru. aiqir, pi. ^Ji4*4-a

aiqru. stay,

cause

steady

!,

to, v.t.

h*^^ aqwojyyti.

interj. i'Oh

steady, be,

v.i.

(of

tau

::

I,

f.

(e.g.

to a mare) i*^

"•

tai

I

animate objects) [^]^P (i)ragga

(§63r/,e).

Is this

mule steady?

j&U:fl4»A''!
l^oragt5al?, f )e.^:n4»A"!^:*7;^A^» ragtallac?,

pi.

J

yfhe yaq-

feci

yaql^o

?iVH,U.-n*A"'f :^*7i-'PA:: nniizzfh

vaql"oc rdgtaual?

20—2

STE— STI steal,

&

v.i.

He

308 rt<J+

t.

sarraqa

(sar-).

will steal it: j&rtC*l"PAK yisarqaual, pi. J&rtC

yisarqutal.

*fe;^A.••

Mind he doesn't steal it: qau. Mind they don't ...:

He

has stolen

hT-^^rtC'J'fl^::

ndaisar-

-C*^:-. -rqut.

rtC*;^A•.•• sarq^'otal, pi. rtC4*flH

it:

;t-AK sarqautal.

He

did not steal

alsarraqutim.

pi. ^iArt^'fel'^":-

steamer,

s.

flfbC

h^fld^ah9^i: alsdrraqaum,

it:

babur (bdyur

steel,

(§§

47a, 70) yayiir.

'fl^^ bfrat (-rat).

s.

use with

(for

stem,

§ 8).

;

fn/hC-nn-C yayahir

s.

stench,

fbAjt bul(l)ad

flint)

(§ 8).

hlfi agada.

*T^^ gfmat

s.

(§ 8).

Stereospermum Kuntliianum (Broun, Cat.

426),

s.

H*?

zdna. stew,

v.t. *I»4'A

Stew steward,

s.

qaqqala. *l*^Afl>-K

it:

Y\H7V azzaz

qaqqilau. (§ 8).

(of household)

stewed, be,

v.p. i'*l»*l»A

It (they §52a, 8)

n^C

bdttir.

&

B.^also

stick,

s.

stick,

v.i.

G.

hpA^i aggafari.

taqaqqala.

should be stewed:

-n^C

j&*I*4*Ak yiq-

bittir. o

o

(adhere) 'l'"\M tatabbaqa.

It sticks (they stick

§

o2a,

8)

:

jR^flj^A-.--

yittabbaqal.

It doesn't (they don't) stick: hf^mti^^^i^ aittab-

baqim. I

found

it

wouldn't stick:

tdbbaqimm

^A^O^J^.-hA^K

(§ 0) alail (s.v. VflA).

alit• o

STI— STI

309 stick,

&

v.i.

(cause to adhere)

t.

The gum

attabbaqa.

doesn't stick well: ao-'^ f/hf; .

.

hf^-a

nuicca dahna a^attabbiqim.

4»9"::

stiletto,

h^H^

tmohX^ maiigya.

s.

(Dtid„ wc<jsf>e.

adv. (yet)

still,

TT g^na.

I still don't

understand: TT.-^^A'^ihJ^K gana

sammahum still,

be, Vi.

Keep Stand

G3c?).

(prfe^a (§ 63^, e). hCpv. frga, pi. "hChi-

[?»]<:;J

still:

still stand,

37a,

(§§

al-

v.i.

+T h A

qatt ala

s

4»T:nAK

still:

(s.v.

qdtti

(§

frgu.

VflA,

§

44a).

Id) yal, pi.

+T:nA-«

qdtti vdlu. sting,

&

v.i.

*i^i.

t.

ndddafa.

has (they have" f52a,

It

stung me: Vj^CfAs

8)

nddf'^onfial. It (they) didn't sting

me:

hAV^<«.^l'"« alnddda-

fannim. o o

you: ^Vjt^^VAw yinddfahal. (they) sting you? i^
It (they) will sting

Did

it

sting (habitually),

Does

it

i'T^iC. tandddafa.

v.i.

(do they

naddafallwf?

§

(s.v.

52a, S) sting? je.'?A4-A"^ « yin(d^).

It doesn't (they don't) sting: ^IZ.'^A'PJ^k ainnad-

dafim. o o /**!*»•

stingy, adj.

sissu.

'I'n^ gimat

stink,

s.

stink,

v.i.

T^ gamma

(§ 8). (§ C3^?, e).

stinking, adj. *19^ gim. stir, v.i.

&

Stir stirrup,

(a liquid) Ai'^rtA

t.

it

s.

:

ammassala.

h^^tliioh « ammasilau. o o

[XjCJl-Tl

frkdb

(rik-, -dy

;

§ 8, §

52a,

8).

STI— STO

310

stirrup-leather, stitch,

hiL^

s.

stockade, stocking,

s. s.

flJ'hA^

s.

sif^et

wwflaq (-laq

(§ 8, §

52a,

52a,

§

;

S).

S).

Idl^ garagara. ^g-J^

stolen, be, v.p.

s

Tf-^'fl

'hrt^'l*

rajjim siirrdb (-ay

tasarraqa

§ 8, §

;

has been stolen: i'rtC^Asi tasarqoal,

It

52a,

8).

(tasar-). pi. -'f»'PA'.s

-qaual.

Take care sarraq,

stomach,

s.

doesn't get stolen

it ...

IfJt

Ki^f^ild/Pi- ndais-

:

care they don't...:

-rraqu.

-^*fes

h^ od.

n^Jt bajad. (of ruminant) CR.^^ caggwarra (pit of)

stone,

(large)

s.

(small)

fpl.^ dangya, S. ^'ipf, dangdi

mmC

tatar

^ (§ 8),

(cwg-).

pi. ^^•>'f

dan-

g^oc

§ 6).

j

(-cc

(-tar).

See § 52a, S. stony, adj. '^'i'^^ cincamma. Stony ground *^1^^ cfnca. stool, s. 0)9° (\C wcJmbar (-bar). ••

:

maqqamaca. •7Cm-Jt gfrfmbud (gtiriim-). ao^ao^H.

v.i. i'T-iflrt taowwnabbasa. o^ o o o Stoop (down): +7"^nft h tagwwmbas

stoop, r^'

(§

Id), pi. -flA-R

-basu. o stop,

s.

(in writing) VT'fl natib (iy;

Please put stops in your sense clear

:

§

52a,

letters,

8).

make the

to

pol. JiOh?* : VT-fl fl^-fl^n. ^^CT-fl^s ••

'^AIj : X'}-^.;''fli4* K

ivakka^ O o •

^

••

nativ vadavdabb^e "O. o o •

•

yddrigubbat, mdlatu ndittauwwcj. stop,

v.i.

(halt)

^ao q^'oma. 4»T:hA qatt ala

(remain)

*fef

qwwyyii.

(s.v.

VflA,

§

44a).

STO—STO

311

Stop

*feJ^

:

»

qum,

pi.

*fc
s

qumu.

(desist) ^;^JtC*7K attadrig (attdrg

§

Id), pi.

-T-K -gu. •fohii tdii.

stop,

v.t.

(cause to) (prevent)

f.

i'B

» tai, pi. '\raK-' tauu.

h^ao aq'' oma. hAhA kalakkala. Use neof. of 'hflo tdua,

to allow, or of

causative in ht\- as-

Stop him

(it,

—from

(§

22a).

going): h^ffoahu dqumau,

pi. -ao'^ti -mut.

Stop them h*fe*^^i»« « aqumdccau, aqumwdccau. :

h^^^Oh a

pi.

Don't stop him: h^^aoohw attdqumaii,

pi. -no-^::

-mut.

— from

doing a thing): Mi'tDOhii attitduau, oOo'Api. M'+flOL^K ooo' or hAVlAa^:•. kalkilau,

Stop him

(it,

attitauut, or hAVlA-I^K kdlkilut. o O o O

stop them: h^'t'^f^Ohv. attitaudccau, or hAlflA ^fl^ " kalkilaccau, o o o

Mi'dKYv^Oh k

pi. i

attitauiidco o

cau, or hAhOL^fl>"« kalkilwdccau. attikalkilau, pi. Don't stop him: /i^hAhAfl>-A-^K -lut. The wind stops me from hearing: '}4-A--h^A'^^?"K -.:

nifds a>assdmmaiinim (aas-).

stop a

little, v.i. *fef

Stop a

^

••

hti

qwwyyatt dla

little: 'fef^-.-flA::

(s.v.

qwwyyat

VflA,

(§§ G,

§

44a).

8) yal, pi.

*fef^«nA'!: qwcuyyat yalu. store,

s.

h^

••

ft.^

iqa-b^et

(-y^ -).

Every day after breakfast tell me what you want from the store I/A*"} i-a-Tr *CA AAA i-^-d^: :

:

-•

•

•

^9°^d,Mah'}i'ind^:: hullaqan taviinn qurs vauhala ta-qdyJet ran.

(§§

7a, 47a)

yammittfalligaun niga-

^

STO— STE stork,

)

312

{Ciconia Ahdimii, Blandford, Geol.

s.

&

Zool.

p. 436) 7i<w>A simala.

ephippiorrhyticha, Guidi, Vocab. p. 131)

{C.

[hJ^H (i)raza. story, s. (tale) ^d\\ tdrik (-rik). (of house) ^C'O darb (-ry; § 52a, A two-storied house: i>A^ ^C-fl ••

«

dary yallau

latt

rdm (§ 8). Very stout

be (become),

He stout,

v.i.

hii-

s

8) yyet. (§ 8),

pi.

also ai4-*P^9" wwftlfff-

be (become)

atd^C wwffara (-fara;

% 636?, e).

id^P^^k wwffirSal.

(too) stout:

is

Aom ft>^

li^i- gafdfa.

:

stout,

(§

wwfram

stout, adj. ai
S).

very,

A g'^dfaif ala. G. -h^^ ^A giififf (-fuff

v.i. •)<<.¥ .-^

!

ala.

S.v.

He

very stout:

is

•><<.'?.•

-OOl

VnA, §44a; §63<7,6.

Ak

g'^ofaffi (§7^) yf-

loal.

straight, adj. (not crooked)

^1 qin. ^V qanna.

^hhA Put (make) Is

it

it

straight, be,

(§

8)

v.i.

o

o

o

straight: 'f'Tsje.nAB qatt yfyal.

a straight road?

qanna

tikikkil.

<w>'}ij^

:

4»

V Van « mangad ••

nau ?

«f»T:^iA qatt ala

(s.v.

VnA,

^

44a).

'^^ qdnna. Is

it

straight

?

+T

It is not straight

:

:

j&AA-je.

-.:

qatt yilallwf?

(§ 8)

yildccyuh

qum, (§

ID^).

^T.-h/Z.^i^:: qatt dilim.

Hold yourself straight: ^Ts-nAU:*'/':: yilah

(s.v.

pi. «frT!'flA?-i>:*tfo.::

Id) qiimu.

qatti {^Id)

qdtti

(§ 7c?)

STR— STR

313 straighten,

v.t.

M'l aqanna.

Straighten

K4*^^k dqnut. (of persons) *9" qum.

^4*V(D-k dqnau,

it:

straightforward, adj.

pi.

^'i qin.

strange, be, stranger,

m'PC

s.

'•

'^T

§

34).

(§ 8).

sint mat.

tafir.

loading animal) ao^^^ macaiia.

(for

The

(pngjda

'H'i^

s.

A

Idao garrama (type

?»7*7^

s.

strangury, strap,

v.i.

strap

§52a,

(-S

breaki^fli'PC.-j&nm/iAK

8) will

yibbattasal. tdfir O o •

straw,

O

"^

•

o

g^laba (-aya;

7Afl

s.

•

§ 8).

Chopped straw ( Aj):

^<<1*^
G.

^^l*^ dafdnca

(-fanca).

(fine) ?i'n* ibbiq.

(ofPoa strength,

r^^A

s.

abessinica) ^P'/t did.

hail.

'nC;^'^ bfrtdt

7^An^

(§ 8).

gwiilbat

(-ly-, -at).

Strepsiceros kiidn (Blandford, Geol. 272),

stretch,

v.i.

s.

tipWi agdzan

Zool. pp. 270-

(-ziin).

(oneself, v.r.) 'I'^tiao

(be stretched)

&

"i'tt/ip

tagwassama tazardgga

(siima).

(taziir-).

Don't stretch: h^^fi9"i'. attiggwdsam,

-A
pi.

-samu. o It stretches

from here to here hlUO ?iAhH,U ^dfl ••

:

••

j&H^j3Ak yizzaraggal. kazzih dfras ^ ooiskiizzih o oo*'oo o~~ stretch, v.t. (out) nd,p zaragga (ziir-). »^

(taut) ataid woj'ttara

Stretch

it:

(-tiira).

HCpo^K

zargau,

at'Tdohi'.

wwttirau,

pi.

-7-^k -gut.

pi.

-4-^k

-rut.

••

STR—STR

314

stretched, be, v.p. i'lldp tazaragga (tazar-).

The rope •l<w»^

is

be stretched

to

hfti:^ A4»

:

!

je.HC;i

•

JSi-^cri

whole length:

its

gamadu

::

stiyalq

dfras yizzarga. strew,

v.t.

(a substance, or with

sannasa

(s.v.

a substance)

VrtVrt

na-

sprinkle),

strewn, be, v.p. (of or with a substance) 'MrtVrt tana-

sannasa strike,

v.i.

&

t.

(s.v.

<w);^

him

Strike

sprinkled, be),

matta.

(it):

Don't strike him i3^

Who s.

(it):

<^'}

struck you? s.

.•

«n);^U k

(of gun) ao-frWi

is

'P''hfb(\^9^i''

attfmtau,

pi.

man mdttah?

matakkwwsa

s.

9^^^

not long enough:

(-tcuk-).

mftdt

(§ 8).

See v.t. -^rtrt

fp\)-laoft:'-'i\C'Yl0o

yfhe gamad (§555) irzfmatu aiydqam.

(with whip) 'ICi'^ girfat

stroke,

JP*^:: mitut.

lao^ gamad.

This string

stroke,

pi.

MT^^Ohw

K -tut.

striking-pin, string,

mftau,

J'";^fl^K

§

52a,

(§ 8).

8.

dassasa.

strong, adj. axTrh^ tankarra.

ri^A? hailanna

(-Ian-).

-flC* bfrtii. o

(muscular) 7^^fl;M'" gwulbatdm

(-Iv-,

-at-;

§ 8).

T^Afll-? gwiilbatdnfia

(-ly-,

-at-

-ail-).

^AT'^S^ qiltfmdm strong(-er), be,

This

is

v.i.

(\d^ bardtta

the stronger

:

f,Vi

(bar-;

§

(§ 8).

5Sb).

^n^;^A« yjhe yiyarattal.

STR— SUB

315 strop,

ei^A^P'sAlf't yamilacci

s.

70) Idh^ot^e

(§

(§ 8).

aotioD^ malammaca. o o o •

strop,

tiaom lammata.

v.t.

Strop

lammitau.

A9"nia>-::

it:

v.p. i'tiaom taldmmata.

stropped, be,

should be stropped: j&A
It

-tu.

It is

pi.

-m-K

_ not to be stropped: /i^AodTk ailldmat,

-m-K

pi.

-tu.

^Ifii

struggle,

s.

struggle,

v.i.

tfgil.

^Iti taggala.

Struthio camelus,

stubborn, adj.

s.

Mli sdg^'on

^h^h

stubborn, be,

-fyi-'^iA

v.i.

(§ 8).

cakcdkka. cikk dla

n/OA,

(s.v.

§44a;

§ 63
He

(it) is

stubborn:

'^h.-'flA'PA:: pi. 1

stump,

s.

^Yl-'ii'S^^'.-

cfkki

(§

Id) vfl6al,

cikk! vilaual. o o o o •

*7^Jt gind.

stung, be, v.p. +V^<(. tandddafa.

Have you been stung? 'Mj^^^VAk pi.

You

i-Vj^-f-^AA:: will get

stung

tanadMccyuhal? {lid). :

1'V^4'AU

« tinnaddafjlllah, pi.

^>^4-A^l^:! tinnaddafalldccyuh

Mind you naddaf, stunted, adj.

(§ 7^/).

don't get stung: Ji'J-^^V^^k ndattinpi.

-^^ »

-ddafu,

A^9" Ifqqam

(s.v. ?i7jt-).

(§ 8).

stupid, adj. T*^ m^oiin. ^^'feC?

stupidity,

s.

danqwwr^ o.

*r*^V^ m^onfifnnat (-nat). ^'J'feCV^

danqwwrfnnat

stuttering, adj. -^^ diida.

subdue,

v.t.

7^

tanddfahal?,

gdrra.

(-nat).

SUB— sue

316

subdued, be, subject, be,

"tl^ tagarra,

v.p.

v.i.

g^bbara

Idd.

(-bara), to, A- la- (§ 47a).

'h7H tagazza,

To whom

are they subject? A*^** j&l'fl^A' « lamdn :

yigabbirallu

Tasamma ? A^A

Aren't they subject to Ras

h&l\t9°

::

laras

or ace. (cp.

'•

(§

47a), for,

56c) of ^;^ b^'dta, place.

§

substituted a donkey for the mule: hV^iti

ahiyya

d^/fah'.'t'hii

fd^ii^Oh'i :

Or use

(§

56a) layaql^^ou takka, or

0^ hvy +h :

b^ota ahiyya

(§

'•

"•

yayaql^oun

A(Dni lauwata, to change, to, A-

laviinn lauwutau

substituted, be, v.p.

(§§

56&, 706)

56a) t^kka.

Substitute coffee for tea:

A

i'rt*^

tasamma aiffgazzum ?

substitute, v.i i'h tdkka, constr. with A- la-

He

••

(lit.

't"t'h

ff ft

•

Afl'T-

la-. ••

Afli-flia>- k sai

change the tea to

coffee).

tatdkka, constr. as i'h above.

donkey has been substituted for the mule f yayaql^oun b'^dta :

n4'A"fl>-^!fl;>-.'hU^s+'Mn;tA::

ahiyya tatdkkitoal. o o o •^ •^

substitution,

s.

'

succeed,

9^^Yl mitikk O O

(prosper)

v.i.

fl)^

8). (§ ^'^ '

bajja

(baj-).

The plan has succeeded: Z^'^*

fl£:t

:

A«

sirdtu

yajjitoal.

It

suck,

would not succeed: nabbar (S 81c, X).

v.i.

&

Don't suck '

iflC

•••.

aiyajjim

•»

:

'

*

mfl tabba.

t.

Suck it TOflJ- tivaii. Suck the poison out of marz indiwwta (§ 48a) sucked, be,

hj&fljf?"

v.p. X

it

:

it

:

tmClt

•-

h'i^mm

tiyau.

h-ThTfliD- « attf tyau.

i'mfl tatdbba. o o •

--

TflflH k

SUD— SUM

317

Sudan, s.— usually called f^Cn-Ti-'MC: yadaryus Sgar. suddenly, adv. ^'il^ d|ngat. njt'}7l' sufficient, be,

That

fl^

v.i.

baqqa

A«hC sukkar

s.

sugar-cane,

& t.

suit, v.i.

He

TfT-h-C

s.

(baq-).

j&0:jZ,n^A:! yilie yiyaqal.

is sufficient:

It is not sufficient

sugar,

badmgat.

h^(\^9^

:

•'•

aiydqam.

(§ 8).

sankwwr

(swn-).

'toD^ tamaccii (-mac-) A-

la- (§ 47a).

suits: f^ao^'fii-- yimmdccal, pi. j&«w»^^A*k

(it)

yimmaccallu.

He

°

(it)

-^?Ak

-ccufifial.

pi. -^^9^i''

nim,

pi.

^oo^^fiK'.: yimmacciiiuial, pi.

me

doesn't suit

(it)

:

hf!^inrf^9^

"•

aimmaccilii-

-ccuniiim.

you? ^^o-T'/A:: yimmacciihal?, -'f'/A::-ccuhal?, ... you (pol.)? J&
Does he pi.

me:

suits

(it)

He

mmmaccim,

-CCUm.

-^JP*::

He

^

"doesn't suit: hf.ao'^^^A

(it)

suit

yimmacca?otal?,

pi. -^?';''A:: -ccu^^otal

?

doesn't suit you: hf^ao'lvr*'.-- aimmaccihim, pi. -•fU?":: -ccuhim, ... you (pol.): tx^aoH'

He

(it)

PT'v.

aimmacca?om, o o o

pi. •

-^P?"" -ccu"om.

Ras: nabbar lards aimmaccim (§

It wouldn't

suitable, adj.

sulphur,

sum,

s.

T^

s. -^.^

suit the

din

hj&rTD-T-r

81c, X).

(din),

t^TC

qwitir

(total) K-J^Ajimla. s. '***'P

••

mfccu.

(calculation)

summit,

A^ A

caf.

(of ascent)

h^^

afdf.

(-wtit-).

:

vnc «

SUM— SUR summon,

v.t.

318 'h'H^ tatarra.

Please summon him: pol. ?ift'fc/i^4-^K istiyittarut. Please summon them: pol. titl't^fl^^aht'. istiyittarwdccau. o

summoned, be, v.p. +ni^ tatarra. Has he been summoned? •fmC^fiH' -I-TAk -taual?

pi.

sun,

aithf, tahai (0- sa-

s.

tatartoal?,

Take him

thai, tdi;

;

out of the sun:

(it)

sometimes

tahaio ansau. •

o

When

f.

§

546).

i'Oithf^'-h'i^^iahii ta_^

tahai siwwta the sun rises: mrhfcsrt.fli^s » o o o -

•

(ft^fl)^.' sittwwta).

Sunday,

s.

support,

&

adv. h/h-^ ihiid.

v.t.

fj^

daggafa.

If^d,

gdddafa (type

Support him

(it)

:

^•7-«

B

§

35).

daggifau,

pi.

l^d^oht'. gaddifau, pi.

supported, be,

v.p.

v.i.

&t

A

(-aya).

massalau (impers.

•-

I

v.i.

am

/ilf'i'AJs

A k min

sure

:

;

type

i'd^^ti'h

•••.

yimasla^tal ?

yih^onal.

(of something) i*^^ tarddda

Are you sure?

43a

min yimds-

9"'i:^aDtiM^i'-

lahal ?, pol. y"i ^<wJftA?';^

suppose so:

§

34).

§

What do you suppose?

sure, be,

-fut.

tagaddafa.

hrtn assaba aofitioh

I

-fut.

i'^ld, tadaggafa. 'tlf.d,

suppose,

-^^k -^^m

(§ 636?, e).

taradiccallau^

(§ 7c?).

i'^j^i''/A« tarddtahal?, pol. i'dJS:

i-'PA:: taradtaual? o

There

is

aitafam. O- O surety,

s. *Ptl

o

o

sure to be one (some was.

§

52a, S):

^^m4-?"s

:

SUR— SUR

319 surety, be,

v.i.

Who will

tawdsa

(for, v.t.) i^'Prt

(taud-).

stand surety for you ? '^^••j&
man

yuwdsahal? surety, find,

v.i.
was

a\&-

'•

tarra.

was amatta. o

*?t\ihaotn

•

•

You must

find a surety:

'?h'hrm^ was anta

T^«

*?/!•*

was

or

tira,

1d).

(§

produce as, v.t. ^I'Prt awdsa (aud-). Whom have you produced as surety? *^i'}-'^'PAUK

surety,

mdnnan audsh? surpass,

v.t.

(-s-h,

+?f A tasdla

not

-s, § 3).

h- ka- (+- ta-

(tiis-)

flAm ballata OO'O h- kao\(+-

ta-

o'"\ ;

;

§

47a).

47a). '

surprise, interj. expressing

(pained)

h^

ai

!

(di).

(incredulous) h^*^ drag

(admiring) Anvfl

ftiib

(horrified) flft/m.-^'fl

surprised, be,

't'ldao

v.i.

(aradg

!

(-y, § 8,

!

;

§

Id).

hatudy).

basma ab!

(ay).

tagarrama.

garramau

l^ao(D*

(impers.

§

43a;

§636?,e).'

I

am

surprised: ICao^w garraman,

surrender,

v.i.

survey,

h^

'

v.t.

surveyed, be,

ta^razza.

ayyii

€io^aoC v.p.

(§

445).

marammara

'

v.i.

(marammiira).

;^f tayya. 'Vaol^aol,

survive,

-man.

tamarraka. o o o

i^'^^ih

tlH

pi. -<w»'}»

tamardmmara ooo oo^(marammara). o' o

+^
o

'

v.t. pf^A cdla. o

A man that survived from the fight flOhi tauiiggi (§

47a) yatarrafa

(§

:

i'tD'Xif'l^dd.'

8) sau.

SUS— SWA

320

This child would not survive small-pox: |iOsAJf s Tfh'P^.-hjE.^A?":! yihe (§8)

suspect,

&

v.i.

t.

mdm^

kufffnii aicilim.

lij

tarattara (tarattara),

of, fl-

(ya-;§47rt). I

suspect him: (S \0

hrtKCT^'PA'V- «

^

ba-

^

itarattirauallau^

pi. }\'ia\d'Vi!L^^'i k innitarattirauallan. 7d), /' JT O O O O 'O O •

•

suspect him h^a\d'?dah'9^»

I don't

altarattiraum,

:

h'imd*?dah9°''i annitardttiraum.

pi.

Whom

do you suspect ?

'^i'J

^fli^T^AU » mdn-

••

nan titarattirallah?, ... you (pol.) ...? '^V'Jsje.m^: T^A*" mdnnan yitarattirallu ? What do you suspect him of? n9"^:^fli<:T<:
suspend,

v.t.

•

tatarattara (-tardttara).

v.p. 't'cndaxd

suspected, be,

(hang up)

saqqala.

A*f»A

hTrmiimli antalattala. o o o o .

•

•

h7"A aggwwla. (hung up) i'A+A tasaqqala

(interrupt)

suspended, be,

v.p.

(tas-).

'f''}mAniA tantalattala. o o o o o •

•

•

(interrupted) ;^7"A taggwwla.

How

(are they

it

is

52a, 8)

§

suspended?

(19°'}:

+A4*^A K bamfn tasdqloal ? The work has been suspended: A^:;^^^C^AK

sira

taggwuloal.

suspender, suspicion,

tw^'^ maydza (maid-),

s.

TCl^S

s.

tirittdri.

mCl^

suspicious, adj. (suspecting)

swallow,

v.i.

&

Swallow

^Pm wdta.

t.

it:

*PmiD-K wdtau. o •

Don't swallow

When you

tartdri (tar-).

it

:

h^'Paiahn attwdtau. o

swallow

•

it

(them) do so slowly

?i^'fefU!
:

(l^ah*? (§

(Mb).

••

SWA— 8WE

321

swamp,

^*7
s.

ragrag.

iXl>4>

swarm,

v.i. i'rtflrtfl

caqacaq,

tasabassaba

wdd

(into, over, v.t.)

swear,

Don't swear

:

wwrrara.

sdddaba

(at, v.t.) rt^fl

v.i.

(tas-, -avassava).

Ai^ft^'fl k

Don't swear at him

attfsday, pi.

(it) \

(-aya). -fl'

« -yu.

^^ft^fliD« attlsdavau, '

oo*o'

:

/

pi. -fh-^K -yut.

swear,

(make oath) *^A mdla

v.i.

Swear that

this is the truth: <^AA^:|&U:?ia>-i^e

V<»-K mdlillin

swearing, sweat,

s.

(abuse)

s.

waz

(DTI

lab

A-fl

sweat,

atH

v.i.

(§

47a) ylhe unat

ftj^"fl

sklib

(§

8) nau.

(-iy).

(wwz). (lay).

wdzza

(wcwz-).

& t. m^7 tdrraga. Sweep it: 'P^7i»-» tfragau,

sweep,

(§ 80).

v.i.

sweepings,

s.

pi.

-t^a

-gut.

'hJ^'P giidif.

T^T.

tirrdgi.

•7'flft'flft

•fe^ff

eribisbis (givfsvis).

qwwsdsa.

sweet, adj. "l^-*?' tafdc (§8). sweet,

s.

tA»A*P

sweet, be,

v.i.

aldwa (alaua).

"l^i.m tafFata. o

•

swell (be or

become

•

o

swollen),

v.i.

^flrtl

It is swollen: Ai'flrii.AK dytoal, pi.

If

it

swelling,

(§

-m
6Sd,

s.

KflT ibat

(fy-, -at).

Ibtat

"k^i^ ibbai (ll)

e).

-taual.

swells: fl.^'flTs byayt, pi. -m--* -tu.

Jt-flflii-

AM. GR.

dbbata

(fyt-, -at).

(§^8).

21

SWE— SYP swept, be,

Has

i'Oidl tatdrrao^a.

v.p.

been swept? i'tnC^^a tatargoal?

it

has not been swept: h^'ta\dl9°''' altatdrragam.

It

It is to

swim,

322

be swept

:

f^mdl »

yittarag,

'PY wdiina.

v.i.

I

am

I

cannot swim:

aroinff o o for a swim

nan. A^P^ V^ k liwdnni o o •

:

wdna alauqim. wdna tauqdllah ?

Can you swim ? 'PT ;^fl^:^AU k Can he (it) swim? ^V^Ak yuanfial?, :

yuannallu?

swimming, swine,

s.

switch,

sword,

s.

63c).

(§

asama

<w>'}3?

(§

52a,

(curved) s.

8).

mdnja.

(straight) rtj&^

sycamore,

^'P^A-s

^PV wana.

s.

M'l

s.

pi.

1°^^

saif.

gwcoradJ^e.

(Ficus sycomorus, Broun, Cat. 533)

fl9"fl

bamba. {Ficus (

syce

(^^L),

symptom, syphilis,

s.

s.

s.

s}).)

)V'i

„ A^^'TL

(DCh wdrka (wwr-, 'PC- war-). s^^

61a.

Iwggwdmi.

*Hl^a}^^ mastauwqya.

syphilitic, adj. «feT?9"

§

6

;

§ 8).

qittinndm

(§ 8).

TAB—TAK

323

T paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

refers to the

§

table,

s.

S. ^fl;^

gabata (g|ya-

§ 8).

;

G. rt^^ sddaqa (daq-

;

§ 8).

fl^^ sad^eqa.

Put

it

on the table:

yatdu

(§

'^^n;'•a^:'\^!^JtC^fl^:•. taga-

8) lai (§ 4.7b) drgaii (§ 7d).

(Of a meal:) Let

be on the table at eight o'clock:

it

nftjr»^^:rt^^s fc^'^'flK basfmmint sadt yiqrav. table-cloth,

s.

f^n;^! A-nft yiigayatd

table-servant, taenia,

s.

s.

M^A>

E-^-l-jfrdt (§8).

tailor,

s. rt«i.

take,

v.t.

§

yn ydza (away)

Take him

6

§

;

(liys).

(§ 8).

rtC^ s^f^oc & (not G.)

skfi, pi.

fi^oc (-CC

70) libs

asalldfi.

aift4-^ wcJsfdt

tail, s.

{§§ 8,

rt^tJ"^ sd-

9b).

(§ 446').

flirty

(it):

wdssada

(wcJs-).

^Hohk ydzau,

Don't take him

(it):

pi.

M^liahn

^H-^k

ydzut.

attydzaii, pi.

-H-^k

-zut.

Did you take him (it)? ^U-^K yazdccihut? I have taken him (it):

^llVahii ydzhau?,

IZ.Tf'PA'T^

:••

yizz^

^HV
pi.

^H

eudllau^

7d), pi.

I

:

tim, pi. h^^ll'iah9" » I will

take him

•-'

alydzhu-

alydznaum.

(it): K.H*PA'V«'K

izaudllau^

pi. hi.

H*PA'}k innizauallan. o o o

21—2

TAK— TAK

324

I will not take

h^nah9°

him

(it):

hfiiKMah9°a alizaum,

pi.

annizaum. o o

li

Let us take some water in

this:

dtUJiOhiiMfTl

fl^K bazzih wiiha nnydzibbat. o o o »'

I

shall

take

England:

to

it

'h'}*7A.'H:

^'PAu- K tangliz agar iwwsdaudllau^

Who has taken it take awav,

airt^

v.t.

"^l-atllP'^^ti

?

wdssada

MCshioft

(§ 7c?).

man

wcJsd^otal?

(wws-).

M^ andssa. Take him

(it)

away:

(D-rt^<»-K lisadau, pi.

--^^a

-dut, or ^'}"/fl^ s ansaii, pi. -i***^ s -sut.

Come and

take

<7:fl^rtJ?:K

it

(him, her, them,

na wiisad (ndusad),

§

61&) away:

pi. V-siD-rt-^B

nu

wdsadu. o

Don't take him pi.

"^^K

away: Mahfif^oht'. attusadau, or h^'i^ahv. attdnsau, pi. -i*»«^b

(it)

-dut,

-sut.

Don't take the matches away from here:

h-fl^S^s

tazzih attansa. 'MUU:^;^'}*^!! kivrit o o *

take hold,

v.i. (of, v.t.)

^H ydza

take in (inside, indoors),

Take him

(it)

in:

Don't take him

v.t.

44c), s.v. take,

h1(\ ag^bba.

h*l(\ah'.'. (it)

(§

in:

dgyau,

pi.

Ai;^*7flfl^:•.

-(h^s

-yut.

attfigyau, pi.

-fl-^K -yut.

take

(from the body) hatti^ awallaqa (aud-, -cJl-). Take your boots off: ^^1V'iihah^*^ahit cammaoff, v.t.

hin duliqau

Take the

(§

52a,

bridle off:

S).

Mr^'-hah^^r. lugftm

(§ 7t?)

{luliq.

take over,

v.t. i'd'hti

taken (away),

tardkkaba

be, v.p. i'Oirt^

(tarak-, -ava).

tawdssada (taua-,

+V"/ tandssa.

-a>s-).

a

TAK—TAL

325

Let

be taken away: ^V*^k yinndsa, pi. -ip«k -su. not to be taken away: K/iV*^:-. ainnasa, pi.

it

It is

-W*:*. -SU.

taken away, have (allow to

be),

v.t.

hlKoii^ aswdssada

(-WWS-; §68).

have him

I will

taken away:

(it)

aswa;ssidauallau^

^ftfliftft

innaswojssi-

pi. ?i*rAa)ft^
dauallan. o

Have him dau, pol.

taken away: ^fta)ft^a^« aswwssiylKDtlff-^'.' yaswwssidut, pi. htKotl^^a (it)

aswwssidut. o

taken in

Has

it

been taken indoors?

^^

Id gabba.

(inside, indoors), be, v.p.

l'fl:l:A« gavtoal?, pi.

f'fl'M'A:: jrdvtaual? Oo o •

It tale,

s.

must be taken ^dln tartk

in

p.*7n k yigya, pi.

:

-fl"

« -yu.

(rik).

hVYl'S.h. ass'' okswdki.

tale-bearer,

s.

tales, carry,

v.i. >i7S*h?S'h

Don't carry tales:

ass" okdss'^^oka. A»;i'?^hff'lFl

k attass"" okdsiik, pi.

-Tf-Vh" -siiku.

talisman,

'

talk,

s.

s.

mArt?" talsam. o o •

00*1

plC mannagdgar

ffil.*P;^

(-gar).

cauata. o •

ID*7 Wcug.l

We

will

have a talk to-morrow

:

V7 h'i^tD^li'i » '•

ndo^a nniccauwwtallan. o o~ o •

talk,

v.i.

•

'h'n^ tanaggara

(-gara).

(together) 't'lpl^ tanagaggara (-gara).

't^at't tacauwata (-wwta).

Don't talk: h^'^lCa attinndgar, ^^V/n<- K attinnagdgaru.

pi.

(together)

;

TAL—TAR

326

no use talking: ao^lC Srdvam. o o ^ ^ ^^^^^ talk too much, v.i. hd^hd^ lafallafa. o o o o It's

'-

hS!>d(\9° i-

mannagar

''

He

much: ^A<{.^4-Ak

talks too

yilafdllifal,

pi.

J& A
h^A^A^s

Don't talk too much:

pi.

attildflif,

-Af""' -lifu.

talkative, adj. 9"Art^ milasanfia

(-safi-).

A*hA
h^M^ talking,

s.

tall, adj.

laflafFa. o

ao^lC mannagar

^jfi^ rajjim

pis. d.'^'&r

(-gar).

(raj-, d.dr9^

raj^jjim

razzim, raz-), intensive

(raj-),

C^^H^^

rajajjim^oc

(raj-, -cc § 6).

Talpa sp., s. ¥A
h'^

C^

omar

(Id-

k^o-, -mar,

§

I7l),

s.

Id).

r^oqa.

tame, adj. 7C gar (gar). I^J^^'garrdm is^fi

(§ 8).

lammada

(-madda).

ATi'fl Ifzzib (-iv).

tame,

v.t.

"1^ garra.

tame, be (become),

v.i.

1d.ao

garrama (type

it

(are they

tamed, be,

Can

v.p.

it

§

52«,S)

i"l^ tagdrra.

(they §52a,S) be tamed?

target,

s.

s.

35

tame? 7C^Ak garrimSal?

ral? (§63c).

tape-worm,

§

^

§ 63^7, e).

Is

B

aihi*^ woisfat

'JA*^ aldma.

(§ 8).

^I^Ak

yiggdr-

u

TAS— TEA

327 taste,

s.

maqqamas.

ero^aotl

(pleasant) "11^ tarn. I like the taste of it:

TT»?As tim^onnal.^

I don't like the taste of it: hf,*?aD^9^ii aitfmaniiim.

Do you

like the taste of it? pol. ^T<w)?';^A"J&

yitima^'otallwi? taste,

(be tasted,

v.i.

(s.v. fl)^).

v.p.) i-^oDfi

What does it taste like

?

yiqqammasal ? taste, v.i. & t. +<w>A qdmmasa. Thank you, 1 have tasted

'

'•

igziayh^er taste pleasant,

yfstilliii,

v.i.

kazzlh

^ao tdma

tasted, be, v.p. i'+iwirt

Gl6) before:

§

:

fit

:

4»J^Ti>f Alh ::

qainissydllau^'

(§

7d).

(§ 63^/, e).

taqdminasa.

cannot be tasted: {§

(them

it

Mn^h-ndbC J&AT A^ hJtU A.^

pol.

It

taqammasa.

h'i^r'i :V+<^^ A k ndamfn

h^'l*aDii9^ii

aiqqdmmasim

63c).

"f^d tamdra. Where were you taught?

taught, be,

v.p.

©^^

tamirahal?, pol. ...:i'i'"^'PAK

«

-hi^^l'/A k

...

wwd^et

tamiraiial?, pi.

(^7d). ...•i'J^^^^s^A:: ...tamirdccvuhal? \o * o '

o

Where was he taught? id^-I- l-J^^ A « wwd^et miroal?, pol. & pi. -<^*PA". -raual ?

td-

:

tavern, tax,

s.

odTi^'

s.

masata

(sata).

n-ilC gib(i)r°(gfy-).

gabbara (-biira). Does he pay a tax (taxes)? J&I'A^Ak yigdbbiral?,

tax (taxes), pay

pi.

tea,

s.

(a), v.i.

Ifl^

^l-fl^A-K yigabbirallu ?

lifM sai.

S.

^^

cdi.

tasdiO vaiihdla After tea: i-'Uf^'H^'i' rO o •

(§§ ^""

7d, 476). '

—

:

TEA— TEA

328

This tea *iahii

teach,

too strong

is

—4»«p»^:ia>-K

— weak:

JiO • ?f/i (D*P^{^ s

yihe sai wcofram (§8) nau

qaccin (§8) nau. & t. htii''!^ astamdra.

v.i.

Teach him

Who

:

hl\i'9^^a}' « astdmirau. o o

o

taught you?

*^'}

••

^ft-h'^^lU

•.;

mann

(§

6) as-

tamdrah ?

What

does he teach? l^'J:^fti'9"^A« min yas-

tamiral?, pol.

&

pi. J^*}

:

^ftl-J^^A- k

min yastami-

rdllu?

teacher,

s.

teaching, tear,

s.

tear,

v.i.

hii-f^ld astamdri.

s.

(in

^J^[0]C^ tfm(h)frt

the eye)

^^^

(rent)

(be torn,

(§ 8).

X'Jfl (f )nba (-nya, (f )mba

§

;

52a,

8).

qadada. v. p.)

i"*l*^A

taqaddada.

'hflmrt tabattasa (tava-, -at-).

JR+^^^h yiqqaddadal,

It will tear:

pi. f!,^f,Htta

yiqqaddadallu.

^dmfi^ii yibbattasal,

pi.

j&flmflA-K

yibbattasallu.

Mind

it

doesn't tear: K'J^j&'I'^j?: k ndaiqqaddad, pi.

-^-^K -ddadu.

h'ifi^daitl

::

ndaibbdttas,

pi. -mrt«K -ttasu.

It is torn:

i"P^^K

taqaddoal,

pi.

i'flTO.AK tavattisoal, It is strong,

tankarrd tear,

v.t.

'I*^^ flflirt

Tear

it:

it

(^

-^
pi.

-A'PAk -saual.

won't tear: fll'}h^.Va^l^»Ji4»^J^J^K

8) nau,

aiqqdddadim.

qaddada. battasa

(bat-).

4»^^i»-:: qfdadau, pi. flTrtfli-K battisau, pi.

^^^^a -A«^k

qfdadut.

-sut.

TEA—TEL

329

Don't tear

M^fL^aha

it:

attfqdadau,

-^^»

pi.

-dut.

h^(\*?Ciahii attivattisau, pi. -A-^« -sut.

You

tear

will

^^-^j^A^iitease,

v.t.

-rth^K

pi.

/ih-V

s.

tiqaddauallah,

tiqaddutalldccyuh

(§

pi.

7d).

(annoy) hft*fe^ asqwwtta.

Don't tease him teat,

^+^'PAOk

it:

:j

telegram,

s.

telegraph,

tut

ti^il^^ahv. attasqwwttau,

(it):

-ttut. (§

52a, y).

t'fcA,*7^i^ talagrdm.

t'tA.*?^^ talagrdf.

s.

tftAlFl silk. o

By

telegraph

:

d-bfuli'^-- bataliigrdf

(§

47a).

Telegraph-wire: f'L•A,*7^'h^7i^• yatJilagrdf

(§§

47a,

70) siy^'o.

They erected a telegraph:

P'tA.*7^^!7lfls'hhA'K

yatalagrdf sfV'o takkalu.

He

(pol.)

had a telegraph erected:

f'tA.*7^*h«7ifls

hhi'ht^ii yiitalagrdf sfv"'o astakkalu.

telephone, tell, v.i.

&

s.

t.

t'frA.O

^A

ala

'lid

tiilaf^'On.

(s.v.

VOA,

naggara

(inform)

§§

44a, 80).

(-giira).

hft;^fl)«^

astauwaqa (-wwqa).

(disclose) lliai gallata (gal-).

Use the jussive

(§ 27).

you: ^lM^O"^

I (will) tell

ilahc411auh (§ 7d), pi.

AVA^:: mniliballan (App.°B I can't tell

you

:

M

§ 12c).

?i'}3?AU » njallih

(s.v.

ht^,

§§

47a,

12c).

I told

you

garnih.

:

'ilCthl)

v.

naggarhuh,

pi.

MOU «

ndg-

TEL

330

I told

you

(pol.):

'ilCihPn

naggarhu^,

pi. VlCVJ^ss

na^ffarna'^o.

you (pi.): V^CA^l^K naggarhwdccyuh nCT^ih:: naggarndccyuh.

I told pi.

Did

I

not

tell

(§

7d),

you? hMlCihV9^i'. alndggarhuhim?,

TalhMlCiV^^i'. alndg^arnihim ? 1 o o o~^ Did I not tell you (pi.)? ^AV7CA^l^J^K alnag-

garhwaccihum?,

pi.

hMlC't'^0'9° a alnaggarnac-

cihum ? o him: 'ilCih^n naggarhut, pl^nCiahit nag-

I told

garnau. I

did not

hM'lC'nD'9^

pi.

them

I told pi.

him: hAVlCih^'J^K alnaggarhutim,

tell

::

alnaggarnaura.

(him, pol.)

:

'ilCX^tD*

:••

naggarhwdccau,

'ilC^^Ohi' naggarndccau.

Ijdid not

them

tell

alnaggarhwaccaum,

(him, pol.): hAl7C;^^fl^5P« pi.

h^hlCt^Oi^y^v,

alnag-

garnaccaum. Tell

me

Tell

him

lld^^^ nfgaran

:

(-ran), pi.

ll^.ah n nfgarau,

:

pi.

^74-^

'il^^

:•

nigarut.

Don't tell him: h^Tfldahn attingarau, 4-^K attfngarut. Tell

them tell

f ii«^'

::

Did you

h^'}!

them

(him, pol.)

h^tl^^ahn

tell

hdccau?,

:

M'ill^^ah

:••

them pi.

attinga-

attingarwaccau.

him? ^ICOahn naggiirhau?,

naggardccihut o~~ o o tell

pi.

nigarwdccau. o~ o o

rdccaii, pi.

Did you

pi.

(him, pol.): lll^^Ohw nigardccau,

'}7^1^fl>* K

Don't

nfgarun.

k

pi.

V7^

?

(him, pol.)? 'tlCV^-ahn naggar-

V7^^:^^fli- K naggaraccihwdccau

(-ccyuhd- ^7d).

?

«

TEL

331

He

you:

will tell

JS,A'/Ak yilahal, pol.

&

pi.

J&A-VAk

yfluhal.

Won't he

you? hf.'incvr^a ainagriliim ?, pol. &pl. AiftV*7<-U9"K ainagruhim? He told me: V7^^k naggarafi, pol. & pi. V'14-^k tell

nagararufi.

He

did not

(§ 6),

He

pol.

&

told us:

tell pi.

me: hMld/^9°i- alnaggaraiinim ?iAV7<-^J^ K alnaggarufifiim.

'ild^'ia

naggaran,

pol.

&

pi.

V74-^k

naggarun.

He

did not

(§ 6),

Did he

pol. tell

tell

us: h^'ild,'i9^

--'

alnaggarannim

& pi. hMn^'i9°i' alndggarunnim. you? VI^Uk ndggiiriih ?, pol. & pi. V74-U k

naggaruh ? Did he tell him? hld^Ohn ndggarau?,

pol.

&

pi.

VK-^K ndgffarut? Did he tell them (him, pol.) ? V7^^<»* naggaraccau pol. & pi. *il
?,

Who told you? '^'Js^AU:: mann°(§ C) dfah? Who told you (pi.)? *^7••^lA^l^:: mann aldccyuh? (§

7^).

Who Who

him ? *^'> YxtiOh « mann dlau ? o told them (him, pol.)? *n'i--M^-ah^ mann

told

aldccau ? o

Don't

tell (disclose it to)

Aflifl>-«

Tell

him

lamdnnimm to

come:

anybody: A'^'}5^:^^*7

attf":latau, pi. -Anv"^*« -latut.

*i'j.'flA(0-ss

na

y^lau, or ^9"'»1::

yfmta. Tell

Tasdmma to come A+A*^ V o o :

ma Tell

'-

:

flAfli- k

latasamo o o

na y^lau, or 'f'A'^s^9"''lK tasamma yfmta. him everything: ihA-T-J^shAj^'OH+fl^ k hiillu-

nimm

astduqau.

TEL—TEN

332

him just what

Tell

ndammind^ih vfcca. give you some money:

nfffarau

•il^i'-

him

Tell

you: -ildahsMff^r'ilCV'.

I tell

to

I^H'fl.-ftm^s

nA
He

lamm tell

a

tale,'

there wasn't any: fA9"s^A^K yal-

me

told

&

dlan, pol.

PAl^shA-^K yallamm dlun.

pi.

't^h tarraka o o o

v.i.

(tar-). ^

'

me a man that can tell A*? A^ » yammitarrfk (§§ 8, J&^^AT- A^ « (§ ^1a), pol.

See whether you can find tales

f 'TLI'Cln fioh ••

:

14, 63c) ...

sau

•

<«.

falligilliii

.

.

=

.

yifalliorullifi,

temporary hut or tempt, v.i

tempted, be,

shelter,

"V^ g'^ojj'^o.

s.

fattana (fattana). tafattana (-fattana).

v.p. i'^'t'i

num. h/^C dssir (§ 20a). ten thousand, card. num. hA^ ilf (§ 20a). tendon, s. g**^^ jfmmdt (§ 8 § 52«, y). tent, s. !!:'iWi dfnkwdn (dtin- §§ 8, 52a, 8). ten, card.

;

;

Pitch the tent: kalau,

pi.

^'i\\'h'}--^\\l{ahv.

-A*^K

The

tent

ftl'hAK tenth, ord.

tenth

tent-pole,

You

s. s.

to

dunkwanun

nf-

-lut.

be pitched here:

dunkwdnu kazzih

num.

(Vio), s.

tent-peg,

is

:*•

tf-

-lut.

strike the tent: J?:^V^V'^•^+Aa^•.•. qalau, pi. -A"^

diinkwdnun

h^d^

Jt'JV^V-shli.U*

yittakal.

assiranna (ran- ;

?»/*'C^![*i/^<{i] assiriyya

hA'^ kdsima (-siima;

§

(§

52a,

§

206).

20b,

§

52a,

8).

8).

i'^H tarada.

(A) hold the tent-pole

:

you (B) pull out the

pegs: ^'J'^s'^^^fl^'>s^'HI^*'}'^*'>+A» anta

radaun

(§

8)

yaz

:

antii niqal.

ta-

'

TEP—THA

333 tepid, adj.

labb.

A-fl

Terminalia glabra (Broun, Cat.

wwmbala. Terminalia splendida

187),

s.

+]& s fl)ir»flA qayy

T*feC:ai9"flA ttiqur

(ib.), s.

wwm-

bdla. terrified, be,

v.i.

&

p.
(suddenly) ^Vlfli danaggata. terrify,

terror,

hild^i- asfarra (far-).

v.t.

*P^^

s.

firat

(§ 8).

(sudden) ^'ip(n> dingdt>e.

T*h^ m^^okkara

test, v.t.

(-kara).

fdttana (fattiina).

him

I will test

^'Pln^'PA'V.:: oim'^'okkirauallau^ o

(it): \

o

/

o

7d), pi. ?i'}'rh^
(§

tested, be, v.p. i''Fhd tarn" dkkara (-kiira). i'd^'t'i

(-fattiina). tafattana O O O O O '

^

It

has not been tested karam,

testicle,

pi.

"feA^

s.

'fl^C'lh

testify, v.t.

h^'t-*Ptl/:9° «

:

altam^dko

-^9° a -rum.

qwwlat

(-lilt

bfrat

(-riit

;

§

„

;

aoHhd masakkara

52a, y). ).

(-kiira).

testimonial, s.9^ti;i't misgdna.

Testudo tether,

sp., s.

v.t.

hd^

Tether

it

tethered, be,

Has

Kd^

^eli.

assara o o

(-siira). o

^

fsarau. to a tree: i'^^i'hill.ahw tazaf O o o o

v.p. ;^rt
tdssara (-sara).

been tethered? ^ti^^y- tdsroal?, pi. j^A ^'PAk tdsraual? o It is to be tethered ^;^AC » yittdsar, pi. -A4-::-saru. it

:

than, conj. h- kaIs

{'t- ta-;

§

he older than you? talldq nau tdnta ? (§

58).

?lCfrs;^A4»••Vfl^s;^'>'^K irsii 7a).

s

THA— THA than that,

334

conj.

\l- k(i)-

48a); tense

prefixed to contingent

45

(§§

not distinguished in the verb

is

it

introduces. I

would rather that he should be imprisoned than that he should be put to death: U.T^••A.;^AC» hmfili^

It

:••

kim^^dt littdssar iwcoddallau^

(§

7d),

was better that he should be imprisoned than that he should be put to death: tuH^^'d^flC'' i'TfA" kim^dt vittdssar tasdla. o •

thanks,

s.

9°t\;}'i

thank you,

misgdna.

interj. Mit^'flrh.CsjS.ATU". igziavhyer yfstih. '^fl
tabdrak

:••

(tayd-).

pol. ?i'7Hi'nrh.C:je,riTA^:: igziavhyer

or

yistillin,

J&ftmP k

. . .

Thank you very much, but bidden

me this

:

pol.

.

.

.

yfsta'^o.

the doctor has for-

MJt^-flrh.C ^flT A^ •

s

n-flH-

eUV} h AhAi»-?A kalkilaunfial. hakim vihannan »'0 •O' ooo

UXk9°

K io^ziavhJ^er yistillin va-

••

•

vfzu,

that, conj. (in

order that)

tingent

?i'>Jt- (i)nd(i)-,

45, 48a)

(§§

in the verb

it

I will question

;

tense

is

prefixed to con-

not distinguished

introduces.

him that / may hear [hmf^^'Pii'h

^rt,s?i^jtrt*^:! itayyiqauallau^ rds^e

I

questioned him that ^(y-l\'}^Ci*ni''

••

:

/ might

ndisama.

hear: ax^^ih^s

tayyaqhut rds^e ndisama.

that, conj. (introducing subst. clause) S.V.

JOii.

may be omitted use infinitive It is

(§

(§ 80).

Q6).

reported that they have crossed the river

and are coming here: ^aoti\t^:^'*%^:ai^iaD"\'.'.

fll'Jt^^•'^?f*7
wwnzun tasdgrau

dih yimatallu yammil wwr^e mdtta.

w&>-

;

THA—THA

335

Does

he (A) say that he (B)

(did)

j&<w>'nA:hAK yimatall

(did) he (A) say that he (A) haofnii-^'Ma imatallauh (S 7d) dla?

heard that you had gone: hadihin sammau^

Didn't he

know

aj4*T*j&K

come?

will

come?

6) ala?

(§

Does I

will

ma-

<w>rfi.j^U'}!rt'^ih!:

(S 7c?).

that I was away? KA/n>T<2.'>:M

alauwwqammwf ?

alaman'^^Or^en

(s.v.

ID^). that,

dem. pron. (near) (-cc)

^U or

yihe

(yih, yahe),

^^ yic

i-,

f.

-cc), pi.

J&u'-f

yihic

M]UV (i)n-

nazzih (n^z-,

hii- illd-, -laz-, -zfh)

hiV

(-i.V

(f)nn>eh

ilPeh, -A^U

(distant)

^

or

-nnih, -nnih, hiUl) '

-llih, -llih)

;

(§ 8).

ya, also prefix ya-,

f.

^-f yac

(cc), pi. ?iVll,^ (i)nnazzya (naz-, hiiilla-, -laz-)

^^^^-

That's

_

See

§

fllyg;)

13a.

it: ^Uahi-. yihaii.

This and that:

Give

or hi.^ (f)nny§; (?iA.^

me

/Z-UT-'/Z-l):

yih^nna yihe.

that (other, over there):

y'l'i

'•

lim^

'.'•

ydn-

njin sftaii, O. O

That man coming: ^Vi^'%aof}''Aahs yfhe yam-

mimatd

(5

8) sau.

That man who was here yesterday: ^rtoMf'H.Oi ^'i'»!fin
Who

are those (over there)?

?ii'^'3':

Wfl>-.-?iVH,^K

nnamdn ndccau nnazzyd? o o o *'

I like these better

A't^K tiinnazzih that, rel. pron.

s.v.

(§

than those:

i''inj)'-'hiA)Tf'-'haifi

58) innihin iwwddallau''

who, which.

(§

7d).

THA—THE thatch,

v.t.

336

hdJhd. kafakkafa.

What do

they thatch

bamin thatched, be, the, art. -u,

(S

it

with? nr'J:^h<^.lfl^;^AK

47a) yikafakkifutal ?

v.p.

i'hdMd. takafdkkafa.

-u after a vowel),

(-fl^

f.

-il^ -itu (-itu

;

§§11,

59).

theft,

ftC*^ sfrq^ot

s.

(§ 8).

aod^^ mdsraq. o • o This

is

called theft: j&U:ftC*^:VflH!?i'^nAK yihe

nau mmibbdl. o o Theft is what we call it: aDlld^'.'llD".h9^'}^ahs h^ii masrdq (§ 8) nau mminnilau (§§ 14, 44a) nna. their, poss. pron. -iVah -dc(c)au (§ 12b). sirq^dt i o

theirs, poss. pron. f C^^iu* yarsdc(c)au (§§ 12a, 47a, 70b).

them, pers. pron. -i^Oh -ac(c)au

(§

12c).

(emph.) KC^^iD-'} irsdc(c)aun (

„

,

(§

12a).

of inanimate objects)

hW

Oh'i issdc(c)aun

(§

12a).

Often omitted (§61&): I don't

want them

:

h^^fi^*Q9^ « alfallisrim. oOo o

yan (afterwards) AAA bahwdla

then, adv. (at that time) flf-lM.

gfz^e (yangiz^e). (baiiha-

§ 7c?).

(after that) ?i'}*7^U°(i)ngd>eh!

(done) -h -a? (§§6,8).

(consequently) XHoi-?.^ S.

We

;^^^ tddya,

did not

yi

•

UU

•

know then

(i)z(z)a'^a)dya (-zdd-),

(§ 8).

that

we were coming here:

fli^H,0 : oD^'m^'^'i'} : M(D^'i9° « ydngizye

wwdazzih aMuwwqnim. mamtatdccinin o O O O O ''

It

should be

mended

first,

then washed: flA^«

^ng'TnAA:^;i-m'flK baflt yibbajj, yauhala tdtav.

yjt-

::

THE— THE

337 It's

downhill as far as the stream

iskauwnz dfras qwiilqwulat

m^edd

him a

h'}^ -nC :

:

!

rt

then

dollar,

T^

nau

don't want

him

I told

it's flat

hgd^^h

:

(§

then?

(it),

him

A» AVi-^

?i'J*7^U : VLjt •

:

di virr saticc^e ngd^^eh hid

You

8)

then

nau. o

First I gave

A^

(§

:

80) dlkut

to go

k fit

an-

7d).

(§

h^^Mohl

atti-

:-.

fdllioaummd ?

He

has understood, then ? ^fl^^A « duiiqoalld

thence, adv. hiDj^^ kauo^dya

(i'to- tauw-, §

there, adv. (near) hH,U kazzih (ha-, (distant) hlt^ kazzya

47«

;

?

§ 8).

i*- ta-, -az-, -zih

(ha-, i'- ta-, -az-

;

§ 8).

;

§ 8).

on the chair: '/'H,U.*1'fliJP*fl<-:VaHK tazO zfh tauwmbdru (S 8) nau. stay (stop) just there (where you are): l^'>e'^H,^fl^K There

it is,

hun tazzyau

— There

is

(one,

(s.v. -fl>-;

some)

There are (some)

:

:

73^).

§

^Ah

alia (q.v.; §§ 32, 39).

^A*:: allu.

Is there (some, any) water? ahVihtia wiihadlla? (uhdlla?).

If there

If there

is

any

is

[if

he

not any

(it) is

[if

he

there] (it)

'h'ifi^t nddlla.

:

is

not there]:

M

^A.A: ndaPallii. Isn't

he

(it)

liimmwf?

there?

(s.v.

^A

?ij&M*r»j& « ydlla aidal-

(D^), or fA9"::

therefore, adv. AAH.U silazzfh these,

:

yallam?

(-laz-, -zfh

dem. pron. MlUV (i)nnazzih

:

S 8).

(-naz-, -zfh).

?iiU (f)nnJeh {-IV -nnfh, -nnfh).

XAH^U

illazzfh (-laz-, -zfh).

?iA.U flP'eh (-A.0 -llfh, -llfh).

See AM. GR.

(ll)

§§ 8,

13a. 22

THE— THI

338

Bring these pi I

:

Mn^Vi-- h9^m

:

^iJ^rtV a

don't ::

TiiilLVi

o

thick, adj.

o

(-0CC

thief,

A.n

Peba

rt^«fe

thigh,

s. 'V''}

'-

hfii

12a, QOb), usu-

pis.

0)4-^^9^

(oi^V^'P'^ wcofaff'irdm^oc

§ 6).

be (become), s.

(§ 8),

d.^it*'^

dandanna.

^'i^i't

thick,

(§§

omitted unless emphatic, oi^^i^ wwfrdm (§ 8), intensive wwfafffrdm

•-

alwwddim. o

faras'^^occ illazzihin o

o

they, pers. pron. hCfi^Oh' irsac(c)au ally

7d),

(§

antu.

...

these ponies:

like

(Dg:9^ ^

nnazzihin anta

«

v.i.

;

§ 63c?, e).

(lyeva).

sardqi

cin

atd^d wwffara (-fara

(§

(sar-).

52a, y).

one dimension) /**/** sis. (deficient in two dimensions) *l"^^ qaccin,

thin, adj. (deficient in

intensive pis.

+'****?''}

qacdccin'^^oc (-occ

qacdccin, *f»**i'^f

^

§ 6).

(emaciated, of animate beings)

kassitta.

hft;*"

(of animals) 7•'^^ gufdyya.

A thin book: Thin cloth:

/*'/^-aom^:

sis o

/**/** .•fliC4': sis

Thin paper:

/**/**

mataf. o •

carq.

!iD
A thin (slender) man: ^'^Tf-flohi qaccin sau. A thin stick: '^^'i-.a^C- qaccin bdttir. Thin rope thin,

(string): +'^'}s7<w>j^: qaccin

be (become),

gamad.

v.i.

(deficient in

one dimension)

(deficient in

two dimensions)

(emaciated) h^ kassa.

See

§ 63c?, e.

**i^ sassa.

+mV

qdttana.

:

THI—THI

339

This cloth

too thin for

is

yfhe carq sassabbifi

This rope (string)

je.ll:ffii.C4»:»^*^'fl^«

47a),

(§

too thin for

me:

ffamad qattanabbin, C3oO O •••©••OO

+nii'fl^:: yihe •'O

He

is

me:

f^Vilaoj^t ^_^

thtl^

(has got) thin: hft;tA-.: kdstoal,

(it) is

A^:: kastallac, 'Api. hft'h'PAs kastaual. O O O (matter) ilC nagar (-gar).

thing,

s.

h^

(object)

fqa.

See think,

v.i.

&

t. Airtfl

§

assaba

52a,

8.

(-ava).

aofHioh massalau (impers. S.v. believe, cp.

am

I

thinking:

§

43a).

80.

§

assiyallau^

^iftflA'V-s

7d),

(§

pi.

Mil(\fi'iii innassivalliin.

I

think so

I

should think so

I

don't think so

j&
:

I think it is

J&lfV

:

:

A»

yimdslaniial.

A»

yih^'

hfLaohti ^V*

::

5nal

JU(D^).

(s.v.

aimdslafiiiim.

mine: ^ooftA'^A-'fiOfli-a yimdslanilal

yan>e nau.

Do you

think

it

is

yours? ^<w»ftAyA»^71'»Va>-K

nau? *To think' may be rendered by ^A ala (s.v. VflA, § 44a), esp. when given as a reason for action (As) I thought he (it) was (too) near: +^flB'flP»a yimaslihal yanta

qarraya yiyye I didn't think

(§

(§

8)

Qoh).

we should get here

(there)

:

hlfjl

anndarsim biyye nabbar. num. ^Al'? s'' ostaiina (-tan- § 206),

ftJ'"s'flP»:VflCK

third, ord.

third

(V,),

7,: thirst,

s.

;

s.

^A^^:[AA'f:^] s^^ostiyya

OA^:AA^^: TJ^

(§

20&,

§

52a,

8).

huliitt s^ostiyya.

tim.

iD-'/:TJ^

wuhd (uhd;

§

8) tim,

22—2

THI—THI thirsty, be,

am

I

340

-•f *>?" w

Are you

§ 63^^?, e).

;

m9"-f

pi.

altdmt'^onnim,

pi.

-t'^onnim.

thirsty

num.

thirteen, card.

tamt^'ohal?

a\9^-^Vfii'.'.

?

h/**^'-f^{l^ asrds'^'dst

num.

thirteenth, ord.

(§§ 8,

20a).

^»/*'^«^ft'^? asras^''ostanna(-tan-;

20b).

thirtieth, ord. thirty, card.

num. i*»A^^ salasanna (-sanna

num. a»A^ saldsa

dem. pron. ^U yfhe or ^-f yic

KA-

I don't

want

lllJ^eh

yahe),

(-A.U

this

:

{§§ 8.

yihannan

al-

^

\l\lV

this:

a^^ -kazzih

.

vafit

;

§§ 8,

(§§ 8,

47a).

47&).

^AlUU: yalazzih, G. hAltOs alazzfh,

:

this

^VOh k

:

i'lUV'-pC-- tazzih

?

nau? Are there more

gar

(§

47&).

yihau.

this: je.liV'Js^'H"

Who is this man

jiU

••

yihannan yaz.

Afl>-

:

'^'J

like this?

lela yiizzih ainat dlla? s.

-Ihh); (§§8, 13a).

47a).

is it

Take

yjbic (-cc)

(i)nndzzih (-naz-,

this: ^V'i'i'-h^d,^*19^a

Together with This

^U^

h'i^nj)'- (i)ndazzih (-daz-,-zfh

Before this:

Without

f.

-llih,

fdlliffim. o oCo

Like

20h).

hi,V (f)nnJeh {-3iU -nnlh,

-zfh),

-laz-,

ilia-,

(yih,

§

;

20a).

(§

-cc), pi. ?i^H,0

(^i-,

-nnfh) or KA.U

thistle,

43a

o

am not thirsty: h ^019^4-^9" a

§

§

tdmt^onfial,

tamt'^onnal. •

this,

(impers.

mJ^'f^AK

thirsty:

*i"As*.

I

tdmmau

m*^£0-

v.i.

jfy^-}iVV yahiyya

kwwsaP e. See § 52a, 8;

(§

(§§

••

Van « yihe sau man-

A.A:fH,U.'JjB.i1'«/iA:s

52a). 7a, 47a, 70) s^oh.

S. h»(ff A»

s.v.

thorn.

THO— THO

341 thonff,

m^C

s.

tafir.

<w»*«i?

macdna. o •

thorax, thorn,

s.

s.

^d.^ d^^at.

hVV

is^^Sh (-5x, -5k,

§ 7f?;

52a,

§§ 8,

thoroughly, adv. fliO-A bawtil (bautil, baiil; (\m9°

Let those,

it

batdm

8).

§ 8).

(S 8).

boil thoroughly: nfl»-Asj&*PAK bautil yffla.

dem. pron.

?iVH,^ (i)nnazzya (-naz-).

TxXF

(pnnyi

?iA»Ly i^l^zzy^

(-laz-).

>ii^y fllyi

See

13a.

§§ 8,

thou, pers. proii. h'ii' anta dnci

(li'>'f

anc),

unless emphatic

though, conj. h- ka- ('N •fl-

I told

ant, q.v.),

usually omitted

prefixed to simp. perf. 48a) which

-m (-mm § 6 did not want

suff. -J^

him

I

it: ^»A<(.A*7{r•.•;^A'V^:^lrw»'^fl^«

§

;

it

il

(§§

bllau amattau. 7a, 44a)

Even though bizanvimm thought,

s.

it

+

-a-

+

['(liiah -fl>-

486,

S7e).

he brought

bj- (§

alfalli-

48a)

+ >iA

12c)].

ihiidallau^' (S 7d).

(-dy

TSlsi

4000: h^l-iTiUs aritti

§ 8, §

;

thousand, card. num. TiU sih

How many

§

alfdlligjm tdlhti

= -fl-

(§

48a).

rain I shall go: n,M'>'flJP!^l*h.^Al^»

M-ii as(s)db

1000 dollars:

-u

(§

may take

amdttau, or hA<(.A*7J^«'flAaH:/iaD'na>-K

gim

h'i'G

f.

you.

s.v.

ta-)

60ft),

bi- pref. to cont. (§

the

Though

12a,

(§§ ;

ht^

(-tii,

{§

52a,

8).

20a).

(

„

).

sjh.

Tts-flC: sfyirr (§ 8>.

thousand?

tll^stiV'' sjnti sih?

a

THO— THR

342

There were about 1000: 7iU:^UA.-inc«

sih yahl

ndbbar. o

thousandth, ord. num. TiU? sihfnna thread,

(warp or woof) <S.^A

thresh,

&

v.i.

threshed, be, threshold,

v.p.

i'm^ tawwqqa

9°^^^ midvik

s.

(taucJ-).

(§ 8).

tCC gurdro.

s.

To

f^tl^ s'^ost (§

(-fiir-).

20a).

at^ w cJqqa.

v.t.

throat,

fatil (fat-).

htld.^^ asfararra

t.

num.

three, card.

20b).

kirr.

s. JflC

threaten,

(§

akk

clear one's throat: hYl'-hlii

dla

(s.v.

VflA,

§44a).

throne, :;

A»A^

s.

alga.

iD9"nc wcJmbar

^

through, go, It won't

(-bar),

hti^ ^11|%-

v.i.

go through: hf^^^i^ a^alfim,

pi.

-f J^k

-fum.

Has

gone through?

it

^A^Ak

dlfSl?,

pi. -
-faual? o

through, put (send, allow to go),

some drawers that

il want

i '

through: fgr^en

^^

(lit.

throw,

v.t.

(§

such that

it will

"\ii tdla.

have thrown (§

43&,

§

asdllafa.

can put

M&'J M^*^^^ A*? ••

allow

a>d(D^ warauwara. o o o o

Throw

I

Mhi^ ••

fr<5

••

legs

?i
it

my

leg to pass),

.

•

away:

'PP»
tiyyewdllau^

Id).

away: ^A(»-k talau, pi. 'HA-l-u Don't throw it away: h^fltiOhn attitdlau, it

my

52a, y) indammyasallif siirri ifalligallau^

(away) I

v.t.

talut. pi. -A-lr.

THR— TID

343 thrown, be,

v. l p.

'

"faidiDd

tawarauwara (taua-). OOO 00''00'

(away) i'^fi tatdla.

be thrown away: j&'HAk

It is to

yittal, pi.

^^A*»

yittalu.

;

not to be thrown away: Kj&'HAk

It is

aittal, pi.

h^mt^i'- aittdlu.

thumb,

hah^sfq^f- aura

s.

thunder,

(§

52a,

(-wrg-

y). § 7(1).

nigwddgwad (nug-). mabraq (ayr- q.v.).

G. 'iTg:^!^

I

oD'il/.^

thunder,

8) tat

na<^wwdgwad

V7"Jt^J^

s.

(§

;

v.i. /w>'fl
(in

••

/w>;^

mabraq

the distance)

*7i^

(avr-) matta. ••

hd gimm dla.

«7jr»:«7^:^A

gim(mi)g£mm

ala. o

S.v. v/flA, ;

Thursday,

s.

&

§

adv. hao-li amus.

thus, adv. rit^^U (f)ndih (-dih .,.. ,^,

;

§ 8).

?t^AH,ll (i)ndazzni (-daz-, -zfh

.

tibia,

tick,

Ua.

*^Ofi\.'-hlfi

s. s.

tickle,

mahal (mal) agada

(parasite) ffoHlC mazgar (-gar v.i.

&

t.

;

(§ ;

§

§ 8).

52a,

y).

52a,

8).

h»^h"^ kwwrakkwcora (rwk-).

h^^iha

sfqiqq dla

(s.v.

VflA,

§

44a).

/i^hh asakkaka. o o ^"

;

(unpleasantly) h»rth»rt kwwsakkwwsa (-swk-

.

kosa

See

§

G3^,

§

e,

7d).

These verbs are

impersonally It tickles hti^'.''

tidiness, tidy, adj.

s.

(§

all

commonly used

43a).

(me): h-^Ch-^^s kwturwkkwwraii, sfqiqq

A4'4»«

dliin, etc.

m'?;'" tafFita.

ax^i'^ tafFitdnna

'

(-tan-).

;^l^

»

TID— TIG tidy, be,

344

m^shti tafFdla (s.v. s/flA, § 44a). tidy: mV-h^^9^i- taffSilim.

v.i.

It isn't

put (render),

tidy,

Put

v.t.

the

all

m^ih^dl

things

tafF adarraga.

(furniture,

baggage) tidy:

h^a>-'i''0'/^'i-a\^ihf:Clahii Jqaun hiillun taff

^rgau tie, s.

(§

7d).

(neck-tie) '^+'(1

tie (up),

it

(-ay).

hfid assara (-sara).

v.t.

(in

Tie

matab

something)

properly

^m^

(iohfii

:

qwattara

"hflday- k

:

(-tara).

baiil Jsarau,

pi.

-4-^K -rut.

Tie the dog up: Tie a

up (in a

little

tie into loads,

i»-7faH'>!?irt-K

v.t. 4»
Let them

tie

Ji*l»C4»fl-::

wiissaun fsarau.

bag): T'fe^s^TCK tfqit qwdtir.

qaraqqaba (aya).

(the baggage, goods)

into loads:

yiqarqiyu.

tied (up), be, v.p. ^iid tassara (-sara). (in

something)

i'^m^ taqwdttara

(-tara).

He (it) is

to be tied

up

:

5^;^rtC s yittasar, pi.

-rt<«

-saru.

He

(it) is

not to be tied up:

^i/i;^rtC:•. aittSsar, pi.

-rt4-K -saru.

Has he

(it)

been tied up? ;^ft^AK

-dV^ii -raual? o It is tied too tight

^

:

tdsrSal?, pi.

^

m-fl^A » tayqSal.

tied into loads, be, v.p. i'+^+fl taqaraqqaba (-aya).

Has the baggage been

^HAk tight, adj.

tied into loads? h^^'ti'C

(qa taqarqiySal?

(compressed)

T-fl^*

tibq

(stretched) i»«TC wiittir.

(tiyq).

«

TIL— TIM

345

These clothes are too tight yfhe till,

liys (§ 52a, 8)

conj. ?iAh- (i)ska-

wuttlr

J&U A-fl A : fli-TC : Vfl>••

:

(§

8) nau.

prefixed to simp,

(i)sta-]

[Tttli'-

perf.

[?iA^-

htiYi- (i)sk(i)-

See

The

§§

45, 48a. !!:^ti diras

may follow either tense.

distinction of tense in the verb introduced

by

not observed as closely in Amharic

TiAh-, ?iA1fi- is

as in English,

i.e.

the present

logically the past I

prefixed to cont.

(i)st(i)-]

is

may be used where

required.

he arrived: ^ift'^^^rt••'fef'V•K istadarrasa qwwyyau^ (§ 7d), or }\l\±^Ctl 'fef "V- « istidars

waited

till

*

qwcjyyjiu^. I

wait

will

till

you come: h'^ftHhi'hil^^iwilK

OOOO-

iqwcjyydllau'^ istittimdta. •'•' o-i O

we meet

Till

(again): >iA^'}Ti'^:j?:^A: stinnigga-

nS,n dfras. o e

They eat jlrdil « till,

they are

till

prp. htlh- (i)ska-

Xft+-

(])sta-

f,(\'{^•ihM\^^*nn^ahs

ill:

skyammdccau

yiyalallu

{§

47a). „

(

dfras.

).

htih- [kftf--] ...rjt^A (i)ska- [(i)sta-] ... d^ras (§

Wait Till

Up

Monday

till

to-morrow till

Till

476).

now:

then

:

:

:

^^lhrt'?

XA+iT

^A;^^^'}.•

«

hil-tn^f » f^dtl

htsE^^

J?:^A

•-

••

s iskasanfio

qwwi.

istanaga dfras. (§

7a).

istazzyd d|ras.

timber,

s.

%n,'.[1tL] gjz^e, pi. also

ilaot

"fej^

istdhun

time,

s.

••

(()nc>et [-ea.^ -cat].

XHf^

zaman. o o

M^ saat. See

§

52a,

S.

gfzyat

(§ 8).

TIM

346

There

is still

time:

How many He struck him

gana

iTs'l.lt.-hA::

giz^e dlla.

times? A'}^!l.H.:: sfnti fffz^e? three times:

^A^.•'I.H.^<w>;^a^-»

s^ostl giz^e mattau.

This

I

not the time for

is

hl^'}!^H.fl^5^:^^/^AK

it:

ahun giz^eumm (§ 376) ^idal will see him (it) another time balela siz^e aiauallau'^

(§ :

fl

7d).

A.A T.H ••

^f

••

7d).

(S

In twenty days' time: i'U^!4»'}:fl:\A! tahad qan (-hdqan) yauhala

nal

You

476

not have time:

(§

§

;

7d).

time: X\L'-h(nd^-» giz^e attaran

I haven't I shall

(§

TLH.

•

^T^?A «

(§

63^).

gfz^e ydtran-

636).

not have time

will

UU

:

••

^T^'/A «

gfz^^e

ydt-

rahal. o

Let them come one at a time M^l^^Ohs fi,9°aba andanddccau (§ 18) yimtu. It will not be done in time Ti^^Cfti^ « aidarsim. Some time or other ao^V* macam (-ca- -mm \ 6). :

:

••

:

In course of time

?i^ftC

:

In course of time

it will

iyyaddara yisafal

A

long time:

set,

into

approximately 2

hours

is

hf^C).

get wider: ?i^^
;

6

and the night at sunp.m. and each is divided

a.m.,

so that 7 a.m.

(of the day), 7 p.m.

What

(s.v.

reckoned to begin at sun-

is

approximately 6 1

iyyaddar

Ai^A.s'I.H.s ayydl-^e gfz^e.

In Abyssinia the day rise,

(s.v.

••

;

1

is

called

1

o'clock (of the night), etc.

the time? hl^'-M^'-^tahw sint sadt nau?

6 o'clock: AjtA^''rt*>^« siddist sadt

At

o'clock

6 o'clock: nftjtA1*:rt'J'>: basiddist sadt.

6.15: A^A1':rt^'l*t+<-'fl» sjddist sadt tariiy.

TIN— TIE

347

At

6.1 5

6.20

:

:

ftjt

n/lj?:

A^

A^

rt^J^ -h^A-fc^

:

rt*J^ :

't-^'il

••

:

6.30: Ajtft^-rt^^.-'Mfi-A:

••

basf ddist sadt tariiv.

'•

sfddist sadt tas'^ostiy-

takkul. sMdist sadt o o o o ^.^

s^ostasavdt saat 6.40: +rtni':rt^^:flAi:^:fT"^A.' o o o •

tiyya yagvvcuddala.

At 6.40:

nAnl*«rt''/^.AA't^:f7"^A.- basayat (cp.

70b) saat s'^'ostiyya yagvvcu'ddala.

§

6.45

:

i-An^ rt^^ ••

••

^--fl

••

f l-^A

tasavat sadt ruv ya-

••

y^wcJddala.

If the time ta-,

is

and

(§

expressed in hours and minutes 20), is

inserted before the

number of

^

minutes.

9.10: Hm^••A'J^.•;^/*'C« zatan sadt tassir tin,

s.

i"-

(S

7a).

(metal and receptacle) :^X}i tanika. (metal)

'feC'fccr

qwwrqwci>rr''o.

(receptacle) AT") sdtin. tinkle,

v.i.

WtW^hii kyu kyu dla. h^ h^ /»A kic kicc (§ 6) S.v.

tip,

s.

(gratuity)

tire, v.t.

tCH

VOA,

44a.

§

giirsa.

^^h<w» adakkama.

tire oneself, tired,

dla.

:

«

v.i.

A4-

be (become),

laff a. v.i.

,

^Tnao dakkama. ^h<w»a»-

dakkamau (impers.

See I

am tired: ^hT»?A«

I

am

§

§

43a).

63c?, e.

dakim^^onnal,

pi. ^h^'^'^^'-

dakim'^onnal.

It

not tired: ^A^hlPihi'^K aldakkamhum,

pi.

A^h^V?" » aldakkamnam or h A^hiw>^l'' «

al-

dakkamafinim,

;

pi. AiA^ll
aldakkamannim.

?

TO— TO You

348 will

get tired: ^^Vi'^AUk tidakmdllah, pol.

^^h*^/!*:: yidakmallu,

malldccyuh

Are you

(§

7d).

tired? f^lrVfii^'. ddkim^ohal?, pol.

-m'^o^tal?,

;^A•.••

^^ln'^A^i>K tidak-

pi.

pi.

-^^AA»

TP

-mbdccyuhal

(§ 7^).

me when you

Tell

dakmih,

are tired: A.ft*lJ^U!^1<:^a

si-

nfo:aran.

(towards)
to, prp.

(up to) hMi-

(i)ska-.

Jxlli-- (i)sta-.

htih- [kftl--] ..:it^ft (i)ska- [(i)sta-]... dfras.

A- Ik

(for) A- la-,

See

Where has he gone to?

—

§

47.

— To the river: ai^^srh.^:*

wwd^ 6t hada ?

flJ^flJ^Ti w

— wwdauwnz.

The water reaches to his neck: OhV'-'hll^'i'l'P' ^CO,Ak wuha stangatu darsoal (§ 6Sd).

Whom

the letter to? ^'0^0..-

is

lamdn nau ? o o Omitted before the names of places

A'^'}.-Vfl>-::

day-

dabbJ'e

He

:

has gone to Addis Abeba: h^tl--h(\(\'-iK^^»

dddis avava hfd5al. o o o »

•

of infinitive

to, sign

(§ 30).

See VOA. to

and

fro,

be

sent, v.p. i'AAh talalaka. r G. o ^ o '

o

S.

He S.

is

i'AAh talaldka. o o

sent to and fro:

^AAhA::

lu, S.

G.

yillal&kal, pi. G.

JiAAhA-a yillalakallu.

^AAhAa

yillalakal,

J6AAhA-» yillalakdl-

:

TO— TOB

349 to

and

fro, carry,

&

v.i.

hoDfiUft ammalallasa.

t.

Let him carry the plates to and fro: Adilrifao A Aft » sahdn (§ 52a, S) yammaldls. to

and

come

fro,

He

(go, pass),

v.i.

i'AArt tamalallasa.

goes to and fro: ^<w>AAAAk yimmaldllasal,

pi.

^<w>AAAA-K yimmalallasallu. to

and

send,

fro,

v.i.

& t.

G.

hAAh

allaldka. o o

V

S.

Send them

to

and fro

TiAAh allalaka.

:

G.

hti^Wah a

alliilikdccau,

S. ?iA Ah'Pot- K allalikaccau. o o

toad,

s. ?i'}«f»^^<5''h

(i)nqwtirdrit, usually

T-CTgurt toadstool,

s.

MtH^

f.

(§

54c).

_ (i)ngiiddi

{§ 8).

4»^^ qwticca.

See toast,

s.

§

52a,

8.

(toastedbread)f +mnAj-^n yiitatdbbasa

(§§

14,02)

ddbb^o. toast,'

v.t.

mflrt tdbbasa. •

Toast

it:

toasted, be,

'

It

o

o

o

i'mtlii v.p. X

tatabbasa.

o*ooo

should be toasted more than this

^mdA:: tobacco, It

o

TdAoht'. tivasau. •©• o

s.

tazzih yiyalt

l-J^flA

may be

timbauha

(§

:

'^H,U s jaflATs

58c) yittayas.

(tiim-,

-boha,

§

7d).

specified thus

Cigar: f+m+AAs^i^riA- yiitataqdllala (§§14,62) timbduha. Cigarette: flfli^+^.'f'I'm+AA--^-! bauaraqat yatataqallala

ti-.

Cut tobacco: f '^*fe
••

yataqwwrrata

Pipe tobacco: P<w»m'^«^-! yamatacca 70)

ti-.

ti-.

(§§

47a,

TOD— TON to-day, adv.

What

350

H<2. zarJ'e.

to-day? 9^1-^1 -hah -.m^xi

is

min qan nau

zar^e? toe,

^n^ tat (§ 52a, y). Big toe: hohi-itn^'' aura

s.

together, adv. h'iiC dbr^'o (dyrfl'Jjt

=

(

gerund

;

ba-

fl-

§

§

47«

34).

+ Mjt and

20a; §7a).

§ *

band

8) tat.

(§

MjtAjR

and(i)lm.

Keep (pi.) together:

h'fl^^-ihs'fe^K

ayrdccyuh

(§

Id)

qwwyyu.

Are they ^^A^fl^

ydndi token,

••

(§

fl'Jj?:

V^a>-

«

fl)j&

:

:

(itself)

?

huUdccau

flf -fl^^iD- «

7^) ndccau wwi yayyayiccau?

(§

18).

9"A*1^ milikkit.

s.

(be disclosed) i'lAm tagallata

told, be, v.p.

tomato,

together or each by himself

all

^ft-'J.-fliT

s.

to-morrow, adv.

h*l

ydbun

wwt

(§

52a,

8).

naga (naga).

Early to-morrow

The day

(-^yu-)

(-gal-).

:

naga twat. -MT fli^^s tanaga wwdya

V7 « rp,^ :

after to-morrow

:

••

(-g^oid-; §8). IP Aft ^s salist.

tongue,

9"Aft

s.

milds

(§ 8).

Put out your tongue: (-s-h-,

not

-S-, §

mildsa^n

l^AftU'}*AnD-''l (»•:••

3) dutau, pol.

mildshin

aoMi9*lifahmr^'A

ydutut, f J'"Aft7i^••^a^*ff•fl^K mildsi-

sin aucyu.

Put

it riffht

to-night, adv. tonsilitis,

tonsure,

s.

s.

H<2.

out s

:

([''19°

AtA^'T" zdr^

'hahtflohxi

e

1^

batdm

dutau.

elTt.

(suppurative) 4»j^lf qimh'^o (qiimho

(large)

p'% gamm>e.

(small) A-^A sadiilla.

§ 7c?).

:

:

TOO— TOO

351 too, adv.

Jijfr*? ijjig.

n-nH- babizu (bavf(also) /E^*7T*

7d).

S

dagm^o

(dag-; §46).

^'T ddmm^^o (damr*

This (S

—

much

is

-m (-mm too small

§

6

§

46).

§ 4.8b).

;

jfrf

:

;

••

fl-nH-

••

^Irti

••

'?-l-

^fcci o

:;

o

54c) vavfzu tinnfs

He is to come too: dtom^o yfmta.

8) nat.

(S

>iCft"'f,TsS!,9"mii irsQ

606)

(§

often omitted

This

is

too broad and that too narrow: J&U:
(id,i'iahi

y

:

md'Qi'iahii yfhe

wwrdu

nau,

safFi (§ 8)

ya tabbdv nau. tool,

s.

l!f:CX9 madragya aofi^y massarya

tooth,

s.

TCft

(-rag-).

(-yti §

7d).

tirs (§ 52«, y).

me to clean my teeth: '?Cfi,'i*h9^9^a^tahV''hrm:i tfrs>en immiffqibbat (§ 47a) wiiha linta (§ 7^/).

Bring some water for

A

preparation for the teeth: yatirs

toothbrush,

(§§ s.

47a, 70)

[fPCA*]

f TCft *
madhan>it (-dahnit (yiitjrs §§

<w»4.«fe^

§

7d}.

47a, 70)

ma-

fdqya.

0o*%^l mamwdca. toothpick,

s.

[fTCft:]

aoi^Ody

(yatirs)

magwargwdrya

(-gwwrgwaJr-). <»Drt4»rt«fe^

B

masaqs^qya

(-qsaq-

;

-saca

App.

§ 7^/).

ao^X^^ mamwdca. o •

This toothpick has no point 5iU oD'hOdy '&^9°i hj&A^AK yihe magwwrgwwrya siilimm Sidal (§ 7d). :

:

.•

«

TOO— TOR

352

^A maddh-

tooth-powder, s.— explain thus; PTCft ?i'}^/^*^ :

ao^'^^iS^i yiitfrs indad^oq^^t yalla

nit top,

s.

(§

7a)

'

(§ 7r/).

(summit) ^ft

ras.

«^'h caf. (of ascent) ^i4-¥ afdf.

(cover) aotif^ top, on, adv.

A^

OAje.

top

of,

(-dana).

(§ 8).

-h-]...!

A^

ba- (ka-,

ta-)... lai (§ 8,

_

47^)-

On On

top of the house: fllU^sA^s bay>et lai. top of each house: flfft.'fJsAj&s bayyay^etu

(S

18) iS.

oD'tl^^ mabrdt (-avr-;

s.

"I'iid^ 4^*?

torn,

balSi

on, prp. n- [h-, §

torch,

makdana

lai.

be

mdbrya

^ 8).

(-dyr-).

fdna.

(get), v.p.

'\r^^^ taqaddada. i^flmrt tabattasa (tava-, -at-).

It will get torn:

^*I*^^Ak yiqqaddadal,

pi.

Ji+ft

^A-K viqqaddadallu.

^nm^AK

yibbattasal,

pi.

J&flm

^A-K yibbattasallu.

Mind

it

doesn't get torn

:

"ht^^^^f!: dad,

pi.

It

ndaiqqdd-

-^-^K -ddadu.

K^^^flmA tas, pi.

-.•

ndaibbat-

::

-mA*

has got torn: +*I»J?^Ak taqdddSal,

:••

pi.

-ttasu.

-^'PAk

-ddaual. -hflTilLA:: tayattis6al, pl.-A*PA::

-saual.

TOR— TOY

353 tornado, torrent,

^»a^A" dul'' o.

s.

foTrll

s.

wwnz.

T'C'P gwwrf. tortoise {Testudo total,

s.

touch,

^.A*

sp.), s.

5'eli.

Si^A jfmla. Jttfi>-C

dfmmur

&

Vh nakka.

v.i.

t.

Don't touch (him, pi.

(j^l^C dfmmir).

it,

them,

61&): Yx^lh « attfnka,

§

-VhK -ku.

Don't touch

it

(them) with your

finj^ers,

cloth: n'^1•:^1•'>^l:nffil.c4»:: batat

(§

take a

52^, y) at-

tinka, vacarq.

touched, be, It is

v.p.

+Vh tandkka.

^^Vh"

not to be touched:

ainndka,

pi. -Vh:*.

-ku.

towards, prp.

(Df^-

wwda-

(§ 47rt).

Towards the house (D^fl.^ wwdav^ et. o Towards me: flJ^is wwdan^e (§§8, Via). «

:

•

Towards the rains: (Df^\\^9^^'- wwdakfrdmt Towards noon (Df^^^C wwdaqdtirr. towel, s. *^Jt
:

'^^'H

(§ 8).

mabbasa

(-bas-).

ao*?^%y matragya. Face-towel: f
••

"7jt
••

yaf it madraqya.

f<(,1*:'^n7f : yjifft O

•^

Bath-towel

:

f T\ '^J^^'fc^ -

See town,

s.

Yi-t-^

town-crier, toy,

s.

s.

katama

§§

(ll)

J^igala

madraqya.

47a, 70.

(§ 8).

h'^'^'-'ipd audj nagdri.

an^^o)^ macauaca

AM. OR.

s

mabbasa. o

(-auojca).

23

TRA— TRA track,

s.

354

(trace) *PA;i fill^ga S.

(§ 8).

i.hn falag. ~ o o

4-^ fdra.

See (path)

mdngad. gwwdana.

v.p. i'd.til tafallaga.

'>*7j^

s.

8.

d,M f ^Uaga.

v.t.

tracked, be, trade,

52a,

ao'iif:^ T"-^'?

track,

§

nigd.

V1^ naggada. Does he trade? /Z,i*7^A« yinaggidal?,

trade,

v.i.

yinaggidallu

He

?

trade:

doesn't

^V^^A-k

pi.

ainag^dim,

K^V*?J^9"::

pi.

-^9":: -dum.

What

does he trade in? 5^'>:j&V7^Ak min yinag-

min yinaggidallu? A'}*7jt aof}^ k lanfgd mat-

gidal?, pi. y"'}s/Z,V*7.^A'K I

have come tau^

I

trader,

(§

to trade

:

••

7d), pi. ^'in^''aofn^rl•^

lanfgd mattan.

have not come to trade: A'>*7jt-'^A<w»^i>9":: lanfofd almattahum, pi. -^^jPk -ttanim. s.

V;i^ naggdd^e.

(European) \\^ kwdja.

See

52a,

S.

Tragelaphus scnptus decula,

s.

train (railway-),

s.

§

-^W-A

dukkwma.

ma(h)kw&jra,kwur.

['}]y»%lrf'C

[f5^JtC:]nn-C (yamdir biir (ydyur;

training (condition), be (get) out

§§

47a, 70) hi-

§ 8).

of, v.i.

+7"^ tagwwdda.

M

kassa. o

See

He

(it) is

out of training

(-cJrt- § 7d), pi.

:

§

63^,

e.

i'7"Jt:l:A k tagwojditoal

-•I-'PAk -taual.

TUA—TRA

355

He (it) will

get out of training

dal, pi. ^'h'^f^'.i

traitor,

translate,

&

v.i.

t.

Translate

jK,'?"'^

yiggwcod-

(twq-).

taraggwwma 61&) for (to) me:

(tar-).

't'Ch'tn*

(it §

Ak

yiggwwdddllu.

(n^'% taqqwdmi

s.

:

l-CT-i^ A"^

s:

tar-

gvvumilliii (§ 47a).

Translate

(it)

for (to)

him

'hCT^J'^A'!* »

;

targwiimil-

lat.

Who will (can § 63c) translate it? man

yitiiraggwumaual

tatardggwwma

translated, be, v.p. i"td.'h'aD

has been translated

It

pi.

:

'^'^C7^'^A•.!

tardji^ofwcumam, pi. -ao'9^

must be translated

It

translation,

transport,

s.

^CbT*

s.

(D*?aD^'

He

:

::

/iA'l"J'^7"<w>S'":: altao

-mum.

J^+CT-^"

::

yittdrgwwm,

pi.

tfrgum.

gwaz.

'-^11

'^^Van'^

s.

tatargwum5al,

-mu.

-tfo-K

trap,

(-tar-).

-T^/wi^Ak -gwiimaual.

has not been translated:

It

'nl•'f,'t'^.'V^ao'?^lx

?

matmdja (-maja). wdtmad (wwt-, -miid).

set a trap:

(D^Vfm^shmrro^i:

watmad atdm-

mada. o o trash,

s.

9^'^9°'i

'

travel,

v.i.

mindmin. o o

hlCtH^ kdgar

travel fast,

v.i.

Irt7rt

Travel fast

:

is

is

td- §§ 7a, 47a, -giir) z^'ora.

gasdggasa.

lft*7ft k

Don't travel fast:

He He

(;*•-

gdsgis, pi. -'7A- « -gisu.

^'^h^ft*7ft:•.

attigasgis, pi.

to travel fast: J&7fnftK yigasgis,

-rt-s -su.

pi. -fr" -su.

not to travel fast: h^ltilha aigdsgis,

-fr « -su.

23—2

pi.

TRA—TRE

356

Have you pi.

travelled fast? 1ft*7rtyA« gdsgisahal?,

llll^'^'X^"- gasgisaccyuhal

?

(§ 7c?).

travel fast, cause to, v.i hlfllfl ag(g)asdggasa.

Please cause him to travel fast pol. "hd't^ltilib^n :

istiyagasgisut,

cause them

...

...

^»ft'fc^^A*75L^fl^••.•

istiyagasgiswdccau. traveller,

s.

treasure,

s.

mangaclanna

ao'ilffji

aolM-a mazgab

treat badly,

(-dan-),

(-ay).

fl^A baddala (bad-).

v.t.

14- g^ffa.

Does he

&

laual?, pol.

Does he

(it)

badly? ^njtA*PA:-. yiyaddi-

^nJtA•;^A:•. yiyaddilutal?

pi.

them badly? ^flj^A^^PA-.: yiyaddipol. & pi. j&flj?:^^'PA:: yiyaddilwdc-

treat

idccaual?,

caual

him

treat

?

treated badly, be,

v.p.

i'fl^A tabaddala (tay-, -ad-). 'hi 4- tao^aft'a.

Is

he

treated badly? )&n^AA:: yibbaddalal ?,

(it)

pol.

&

pi.

J&n^AA-K

yibbaddalallu ? ^ O o /S.'14.A« yiggaffal?, pol.

&

pi. Jil^-A-K

yiggaf-

fallu? treaty,

s.

^C? ID-A

tree,

s.

H^P zaf

What

is

VflHK

qwiirt.

will, (§

the

52a,

8).

name

of this tree? f^M'-n^-llao'in'ii

zaf sfmu mdn-naii? yfhe o o o •'

trefoil,

s.

'^IT mdgat.
wajma.

G. >Cai'n gwwrtab S. l\^f\ siddlsa.

(-ay).

»

TRE—TRI

357 tremble,

He

trembling: jZ.^+m+'nAK yinqatdqqatal,

^l^m^'^ti^ii yinqataqqatdllu, (§7c, note),

pi.

trench,

+'>*l*m+m tanqataqqata.

v.i.

(it) is

7-^fl gaidba (-dya).

s.

G. 'b^'fiy giidbya (dyya). (shallow)

0^

b^ST.

^fltl fasas. o

o

aoll^ mdsn^o. o tribe,

s.

HC zar

(zar).

What is this man's tribe?

j!,V-iiah'.n^-9^'}!l:C''iaha

yfhe sau zaru mfndir nau tribute,

n-nC g{b(i)r

s.

What

is

(giy-).

their annual tribute? IH^^at^'-dtwH"'

ti'i^'i'iahi'.

tribute, pay,

?

v.i.

giyraccaii

1(1^

ydmat (§§

gabbara

7a, 47a) slnti

nau?

(-biira).

Whom

do they pay tribute to? A*^^ ^l-fl^Alamdn yijjrabbirallu ? o~ o o o :

*'

trick,

s.

(artifice) 4»T
4»T*hV (ijtffnna. A-flA^ fblat trick,

v.t.

+m
(fyl-, -lat).

qattafa.

hdfi abbala

fl-

ba- (va-

;

S

47a).

h^tiii attallala. o o

He

tricked them: ^flAfl^flJ-K abbalabbdccau,

pi.

hflA•flVa^r. abbalubbdccau. o o

tried, be, v.p. (tested) 't'Phd. tam''

okkara

(-kara).

i'd^'t'i tafattana (-fattaua).

bauwmtamardmmara

(judicially) fla)l'"nC:
bar (-bar;

S

8) fit (fit)

(-marammara).

TRI— TKO Has he

358

been tried? i-*r»h^A!: tam^dkkirSal?,

(it)

-raual?

pi. -^i'PAK

He

will

be tried

(judicially): t\(D9^aC:d,^i^aDdao

bauojmbar

<J-A:s

dao^d'

yimmarammaral,

trifling, adj. (frivolous) 0,A'l'*f

bwaltdnna

^^'iH

ti-

sp., s.

(-cc -TrV^ -nnis'^oc O \

wSjma. gwwrtab

G.

7°Cfli'fl

S.

ft"^^ siddisa.

trigger,

s.

J^A*?* mildcc

Trinity,

s.

/^AA. silldsye.

sp., s.

-nnis^oc (-cc

-'J?*'^

s.

h.A,

(§ 8),

often

(^C

s.

f.

(§

54c).

masqaya

(-aia).

(D^^C wwttaddar

s.

trot,

s.

Ci9^f»'l

trot,

v.i.

dal?, s.

(-dar

;

52a,

§

dma hada

trot? /^ir'/i<^:^rh.^As f.

8).

s'^oms^dma.

f»9^f»*^tih,f, scorns''

Can he

(tal-, -aia).

t'^or.

troops,

...

<w»h^

s"'

(ha-, h^e-, -da).

oms'^'dma yiha-

^fh.^A^-.: ...tihaddllac?,

makara

'IpC cfggdr It's

(-ay).

^eli.

*^'}niAm^ mantaltaya

trouble,

5 6). eJ /

(on which to hang things)
troop,

^ 6),

'^TP magat. 'Pg-'^

tripod,

(-zail-). ti-

tinnis,

Trionyx

(-tan-).

(small) ^'JTi tinnis, intensive pis. ^"ilffi ninnis,

Trifolium

pi. ...f^ao

yimmarammarallu.

...

::

fit

no trouble

(to

(-kara

;

(§

63f ).

§ 8).

(§ 8).

me) {^^«^7^^« min caggaran ? :

r'>!h4-^:: minkdff'an?

;

TRO— TRU

359 trouble,

(mentally) htl^ld ascaggara (-gara).

v.t.

(physically)

He

yascaggiranfial,

^ft^*7<«?AK yascaggiruiinal.

pi.

You

qwwrdqqwwra.

me: ^A^*7^?Ak

troubles

(it)

*fe^*fe
are troubling

ftallah,

cyuh

me ^tl^ld^liV «

;''A^*74-?A'f l^ s

pi.

tascaggiran-

:

tascaggirunfialldc-

7d).

(§

Don't trouble him:

^i;^A'P*7
:••

attascaggirau,

-4-^K -rut.

pi.

Don't trouble me: h;^ft^*7^^:•. attascaggiraii,

pi.

-4-^:: -run.

^Idoh caggarau

troubled, be, v.p. (mentally)

impers.

§

(-gar-

43a).

(physically) i"t!.^'hd taciwwrdqqwwra.

See

He

troubled

is

^*7(?;^

:

03r/, e.

§

Ak

caggir'' otal, pi.

^*7^^

*PAk caggir6dccaiial. I

am

troubled: ^iC'i^--' caggir^'oiinal,

pi.

-Cifim

-r'^'onnal.

trousers,

(Eur.)

s.

(\'i(n/)r'i

(native)

A*<5 siirri.

true, adj. hah'i^' linat .

bantal'^On.

(liniit).

r

fhv haqq. It is true:

It is

This (§

is

^,

^

See §576. "^

J

^^fl^V''^

not true:

Sdal

^

]

A. 1--

••

Va^ k undt

?ifl>«V^?"

:

(S

8) nau.

^^/^A «

lintitimm (§376)

(§ 7c?).

a true story

"^) nagar

(§

:

f»V'-

th^

«

'ilC 'lOh -•

v.

8) nau.

true!, interj. hoh'i^ linat! (linat).

trumpet,

s.

trumpeter,

aoMi^ malakat s.

(§ 8).

aoMi't'^ malakatdiiiia (-tan-).

yihe haqqi

TRU— TRU trunk,

360

(travelling) ^TTr sdtin.

s.

(elephant's) Vh9"fl kiimbi.

(of tree)

•7'Jjt

(belief) hr*'i^

trust,

s.

trust,

v.t.

gind.

fmnat

(-nat).

(deposit) hf!,^ adara (ddara; hao'i ;^V

§ 8).

ammana.

,00

tammana

(ger.

&

part, type

B

§

35).

you: h9^'iV^'^ii amnihdllau'^ {hr^W- amnaha- App. B § 12c), pi. Mr-iitilv. innamnihdl-

I trust

lan (-5^*y- -mnaha-). I don't trust pi.

you: ^Ai^^UlT's aldmnihim (-minh-),

M9^'iV9°i: anndmnihim (-minh-).

I trust

him: A»9"V'PA'^k amnauallau^,

pi.

h^r^i'P

A^» innamn|uallan. I don't trust him AiA9"Vfl>-9" alamnaum, pi. 9°'iiD'9^ anndmnaum. o Do you trust him? j^S'^V'PAUk tamnauallah?, pol. yr"h:^^a ydmnutal? Don't you trust him? h^9"'ia}'9"a attdmnaum?,

M

••

:

:••

pol.

h^ri'^rn aidmnutim?

Don't trust him:

(a^d-).

h^ao'iiD'ii attimanau, pol. hf,

ao'h^ii aimanut. O O

trusted, be, v.p. ;^/wlV

He

(it)

tammana

(ger.

& part, type

cannot be trusted: Y\f,^ao'i9°

manim,

pol.

&

pi. -'hf^ «

-num,

(§ 63c).

(-nn

6;

v:

A § 34). aittdm-

trustworthy, adj. hao-'i imun.

;^*^^ truth,

s.

tdmdn

§

§ 8).

^lfl^i^ linat (linat).

d\^ haqq. This

is

not the truth: ^{i-'hah'i^9^thf^?-^'A yfhe

linatimm Tell

(§

37&) aidixl

me the truth:

(§

Id).

rh4»:'}7<:^::

hdqqi

(§

Id) nigaran.

«

'

TRU— TUM

861 truthful, adj. Vfl/i nabSi (na-, -ya-

-iyj

;

6

§

§ 8).

;

hoh'i't'^ unatafina (unatan-).

qum.

*fc9"

qum

*fcjP:V7^?

&

v.i.

'Phd m^'okkara

t.

(-gar-, -aft-).

qin.

4*'J

try,

nagarafina

(-kara).

fattana (fattana). o o o o

^

Try:

TYid'. m^^dkkir, pol.

pi. 'r*ln4-K

m^^okkiru.

Don't try: M'V*\}C'.i attim^^dkkir,

MH^Yi^- »

aim^'^dkkiru, pi. i^ o o '

Try

m^^Skkirut,

You can

pi.

yicilallu,

pi.

n,'rh<.-"h

j&^A/V- k bi:

^•^•AA^•|^

7d). ./\0/

OO

try

will

••

'n-1l*^lfl<-^

bittim^' dkkirut ticilallilccyuh O 00 I

yi-

'd^'TlndiD-'^'^'fitiVi'' bitti-

try:

m^()kkirau ticiUUlah, pol. m^'dkkirut

jK.'Ph^-l-K

pol.

TYl^^-i- m^^dkkirut.

you

if

pol. ^JRT'lfl4-::

dkkiru. attim'' o o

mOkkirau,

'PYlda^.i

it:

yim^okkiru,

J&'T**!^::

*'

him

(it): \

(S

Ji^'I'V'PA'^ «

/

ifiittinaiiallau''

o

o

o

o

7d), pi. Ji'JA^V'PA'J:: innifltttinautlllan. (5 /' r \o o o o o I will try this

horse: ^V'i''d,i:tl''hTY}i!:'P^O'»

yi-

han faras O O GOOim^^okkiraujillau''. O try a case,

Who

d^^fL farrada.

v.i.

is

trying the case? '^'>s^<<.C^A::

man

yifar-

dal?

Tuesday, tuft,

s.

s.

&

adv. *r?hrt^ maksaftno (-sau-).

(of hair)

*fe'>^«'

(of grass)

tumble,

v.i.

qunc'' o.

'h^^

giiccita.

aj^4» wcJddaqa.

Mind you

don't tumble

pi. -*feK -qu.

:

'h'ifi^aij^^ « ndafctiwwdiq,

TUM— TUR tumble

oflf

362

(down),

v.i.

dubb dla. (of more than one person

H-'d hii '•

or ob-

ject) H''(iiJh'(i•^h^ dubbidiibb ala. S.v.

VnA,

§

44a.

They kept tumbling oflf (down) and getting broken: dubbidubb iyydlu tasab-

^'fl:^'fl:?i^A-:'hrtn4-::

baru, or (§52a,S)

...

hyti'-'tfid^a

...

iyydlatasab-

bara. o o

tumbler,

tumour,

(glass) •flC'T'* birciq'^o.

s.

s.

JiflT fbat (fy-, -at).

h-nm^

fbtat

hd'^ tbbac turban,

s.

/smfli^^m*^^

(iyt-, -tat).

(§ 8).

matamtamya.

turbid, adj. Jt^Cft dffris. turf,

rtCA^

s.

sard^o

(sar-).

hCh4-'^ karkardmi (karkar-).

turkey,

s.

turn,

(alternate) d,d,^ faraqa

s.

(in order)

(§ 8).

fanta.

<(.'};^

•f^ tdra. o

See

§

52«,

In (alternate) turn

:

8.

tl^^^^ah-. bayyafaraqau

(§ 18).

Let them each come in turn: flfi'^sj&y^m-K bayyatara

turn (round),

(§§ v.i.

47«, 18) yfmtu. H<J

z^ora.

Turn round: H'Ck turn (round),

v.t.

zur,

it

^^-.^ ziiri, pi. H"<-« ziiru.

AiH^ az'^ora.

wheel)/ (a \

Turn

f.

lifli^

zduwara. o o o

round: Yi^^Ohv. azurau,

pi. -<-1*s! -rut.

TUR— TUR

363 turn,

be done

(occur,

in, v.p.

i'd.^d.'P tafarSrraqa.

v.i.)

They are done in turn f^d.^'d^f^t'- yiffararraqdllu. It is to be done in turn, first like this, then like :

that:
dfh hwala ndih hiin^'o yiffardraq turn,

do

hd^^d^

in, v.t.

Do them

(§

52a,

fit

ju-

8).

aftararraqa.

in turn, this to-day, that

to-morrow:

H
^UV7:V7:^Ui'}.rtC1'U!^
yihannan

turn inside out,

sartiih aff*ardriq.

lAflm O o^alabbata. o o o o

v.t.

•

Turn

inside out: Ifii'tlmahv. g^lyitau,

it

pi.

-m*^K

-tut.

Turn them

inside out: 7A'fl'n^a»-:: "fjllvitdccau,

pi. -(n,'lrah:'.

turn out,

v.t.

-twdccau.

hw^

(eject)

(rouse)

Turn him

(it)

aww'tta

+rt*l*rt

out

qasdcjqasa.

^fl^''lfl^

:

(aucJ-).

hahm-^ «

ilutau, pi.

::

autut.

Turn them out ha^fl^oh :

::

autdccau,

pi.

-^.^tf^ ::

-twaccau. o

Turn the men out

to work:

rt?'^'>!>i7^rt<-:+ft

OOOO

^/i^ohi'. sau^^occin indisaru qasqisdccau. O -^o^o o

turn out (to be),

He

v.i.

If V h""

has turned out (to be) a thief:

P eva

hiin5al, pi.

turned inside out, be, It

ona.

A»0^

v.p.

:

u-V'P

+7Anm

A»

1>

A.fls|^.'I,<^::

ev'' oc

hiinaual.

tajjalabbata.

has been turned inside out: +7A'flrp.A:-. tagalvit5al, pi. -'flm'PAK -vitaual.

It is to

be turned inside out

pi. -flm*:: -yatu.

:

^7AflT «

yiggalyat,

;

TUR— TWI

364

turned out, be,

They are

(roused) i'+rt+rt taqasdqqasa.

v.p.

be turned out before cock-crow

to

:

f'C^

^^C^fl-'^^ili'tl'i'- d^'or^o saic'^dh yiqqasqasu.

turtle {Trionyx

sp.), s. h,fl, ^eli.

s. ao^lax^^ maqwwntaca (-taca). twelfth, ord. num. K/*'^!|^A'^? asrahulattdniia(-latt4n-; O o

tweezers,

^

'

206).

§

twelfth

(i/i,), s.

20&,

§

h^l^ \h^^^

§

52a,

[- A-fc^]

s

»

asrahulattiyya

(-lat-

S).

num. ^/*'^!I^A^ asrahiilatt (-latt; § 20a). twentieth, ord. num. U^? ha^anna (-f ? -yS,nna § 206). twenty, card. num. U^ hd^a (haa § 20a).

twelve, card.

;

;

twenty-first, ord.

num. U^

Axlfji ha^ ahandanna

•

U^:^7ft? ha^aandaniia

(-dS,n-). {-J

and-,

-daii-).

See twenty-one, card. num.

§

206.

\)^'-thlj!:

ha^ahand.

0^

ha^adnd (-4nd).

:

hlf!:

See°§ 20«.

twenty-two, card. num.

l^A^•^H.

twice, adv.

0^ i>A^ ha'ahulatt --

(-latt; § 20a).

hiilatti (-latt!) giz>e (-ttfzgye)

manta (§ 52a, 8). She (has) had twins: '};^:aiA^"f « manta

twin,

s.

#wl^;^

wcJlla-

dac.

They are twins

:

•^

twine,

'

twine,

s.

v.i.

<w»'>'f

^

«

*7^fl>- »

maiif^oc ndccau. o o

fatil. o

o

(be twined, v.p.) '^m#w^m<w» tatamdttama,

round, It twines

fl-

ba- (ya-;

round

mibbatal,

pi.

it:

§

47a).

fc^l<w>m5^*fl;^A » yittamatta-

f,mm>nitfi>-n;''

Ak

vittamattamiib-

batal. o

twine,

v.t.

aiaoaiao tamdttama, round,

fl-

ba- (ya-;

§

47a).

«

TWI— UGL

365

Twine

round

it

(them

it

§

52a, S)

:

mi^TJ'"!!^

tdmtimibbat, •O'OOO-'-pi. m9"T-n'lh « tdmtimubbat. -O'O o twist,

m
v.t.

•

Twist

it; mJ^liliiD-K

tdmzizau, o o o •

Don't twist

it:

pi. -Tflf"^:: -zizut. * o

'

h^m9"1lliah'ii

attitamzizau, O" O O O

pi. -t^

'

-TIH-^K twisted, be,

-zizut. o

&

v.i.

'

•fmoDnil tatamdzzaza. o o o o o

p. 1

^^

It is (has got) twisted: i'ai9^1t^fiiii tatdmziz5al,

-TiH'PAK -zizaual.

pi.

must be twisted j&m^'H'MK

It

:

yittamzaz,

pi.

-HH's

-zazu.

must not be twisted

It

hf»a\9^lili « aittamzaz, pi.

:

-HH*K -zazu. o

He

has got a twisted gut: ^'>j^'f2!;^T^A:••

(it)

anjatu tdtfdal. twitter,

«*is*«?.--hA

v.i.

two, card.

num.

ca-ca dla

(s.v.

l^A•^h hiilatt (-latt

;

VflA, §

§

44a).

20a).

u § refers to the

udder,

s.

ugly, adj.

m-'lh

£a

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharlca, Part I).

tut

(§ o2of, y).

jil.

(of persons)

Im

Ugly person: (tA^ ugly, be,

We

v.i.

%h jala

think she

tomed ifind O

•

n,ft

gatta bis

(§ 63<^/, e).

is

ugly because we are not accus-

to her: K'f :;^AAlw»J^T^:jf AA^:?i'>'\A'Jk

talldmmadnat O O

( ^

= +-

ta-

^S 37c,

la + tiaof^'i lammadna

Idllacc

(§ 6)

umbrella,

s.

(vis).

sil (sil).

TA

innildllan

tfla.

(s.v.

O

-I-

VHA,

48a + h^-a^ -at S 12c) S "

§

44a).

alji-

UNA— UNC

366 *?<^ tfru (tAru).

unadulterated, adj.

unarmed, adj. ftiaofid^ yalamassarya (-ya;

Are they unarmed ?

§§

47a, 52a, S).

^tiaofid^ T^oi- « yalamassdr-.

ya ndccau?, or oofid^i^'i^ahT's massdrya

yal-

idccaum ? o unbending,

adj. (rigid)

mth^

uncertain, adj. (insincere)

tankarra.

AHH

lazaza.

uncivil, adj. flAl bdlag^'e (-lag-).

uncle,

s.

^7»^ dggwwt.

uncomfortable, be,

taqwwrdqqwwra.

v.i. i'^fe^'fe^

ft4*4* §

!

sfqiqq dlau (impers.

^t Afl^

43a

;

s.v.

See

VflA,

§

44a).

§ 636?, e.

Are you uncomfortable ? i'^kC^d^^

••••

taqwcJrqwii-

rahal?, pol. i"feC4>^^'PA» taqwcJrqwiiraual ?, pi. '^'feC*l>^^^A I

am

AK

taqwwrqwurdccyuhal ?

uncomfortable i'^C'^C^li'^ :

ryallau^

(§

taqwwrqwiir-

or ft4»4»:hA^s sfqiqq

7d),

uncomfortable, render (make), It

:••

v.t. *fe^*fe
makes me uncomfortable

:

(§ 7d).

dlaii.

qwojraqqwwra.

J&*fe^*l»^^?

Ak

yiqww-

raqqwurafinal.

uncouth, adj. flAl bdlag^e uncover,

v.t.

lAm

Uncover

it:

(-lag-).

gallata (gal-). *7Amfl>«K gflatau, pi. -m-^:: -tut.

Don't uncover

it

:

K^*7Am<»-:: attiglataii,

pi.

-mr^s

-tut.

Uncover them

:

•7A''l^i»- « gilatdccau, pi. -tr^^oh

::

-twdccaii. o

Don't uncover them pi.

:

h^ltifl^oh n

-(i^^ahii -twdccau.

attifflatdccau,

UNO— UND

367 uncovered, be, If

is

it

-tlhrn tagallata

v.p.

uncovered:

(-g4l-).

fl,7AT.' biggdllat, pi. -m-.- -tu

(§48a). It is

not to be uncovered: AiiMAT:: ajggdlat,

pi.

-Oh a -tu.

undecided, adj. (in attitude or intention) AiT-A dgul. (indefinite) h^T-fii agwagwtil.

under

(-neath), prp.

fl- ...:

;^?• ba... tac (-cc

§ 6).

h-[1'-]...: /*'Cka-(ta-)...sir.

See

§§ 8,

476.

Under the table: n7n;^fl^:;^^: bagayattlu tac. Under the big tree: h-VA*:H
What

under?

is it

underdrawers,

s.

underneath, adv. understand,

v.i.

&

-i^r^'i'.A^C.'iah.i

b^tdc

fl;!-^ t.

ii*n

*

6

§

(§

;

§ 8).

42a).

{luwaqa (-wwqa).

See understand:

(-cc

samma

hw^ I

tami'n sir nau? O O O o

A«<{ siirri.

§ G3r/, e.

rtJ^^AIr.:: samiccallau'^

pi.

(§ 7^/),

rtl^l-VAKsdrntanal. o o (generally)

Tirt'^A'*^::

isamc411au'^ O

O

o

(§ 7d), pi. h'Jrt'^A'J:: innisamdlo o

o

Ian.

I

understand

I don't

it: A^fll4»l^^::

duwwqhut.

understand: h^(i°lih9° -'^ir-.x

alsammahum, -mmanim. o v.

(gen.) h^d'^r-.i

hlil^ir'-A

alsamam,

annsamam.

pi.

pi.

.

UND— UND

368

Do you

understand? rt'^Uw sdmmah?,

pol. rttfo-s

sammu?, pi. ii*l'^ih» sam* o o mdccyuh ? (§ 7d). (gen.) ^A'^AUk tisamalliih?, '

pol. pi.

Z&rt'^/V--.-.

cyuh? Don't you understand?

yisamallu?,

^rt'^A^ih K tisamalldc(§

7d).

alsammahim?,

^Art'^Oi'":--

h^flao'9°

pol.

mum?,

pi.

::

alsdm-

K Art'^^iM^

".

alsammdccihum ? (gen.)h^rt'^9"". attsamam? pol. Kj&rt
Have you understood ?

aisamum?,

attsdmum?

rt9"+y A K sdmtahal?,

pol.

rtJ^i^PAK samtaual?, A9°^'^'X^-'

pi.

samtdccyu-

hal?(§7^): or" h(D^l} pol.

••'•

auwwqh? (-wqq § 7d),

?iflJ*fc«

haa^'^'ih K

auwojqu?,

pi.

auwcoqaccyuh ?

(§ 7rf)-

Do you

understand what he says? ^Aa>-^:rt*^0::

ydlaun

sammu o

Do you

sammah

?,

Do you

Do you

?

sammah O

?

understand Galla? ;iA?:^*rt'^AU!:

tisamdllah? Hnna o o o Does he understand Arabic? vfiiiia •

o

. .

understand what they say? ^A'^'}-'rt'^OK

volutin V O

undervest,

(pol.) ...?... ilao- k

yisdmal o o

gal-

h^'fl'fsJlrt'^AK ara-

?

*'

s. 'ff-^'fl

siirrab (ay;

§ 8).

I

I

UND— UNE

369

undo,

(unfasten) d.^* fatta.

v.t.

Undo

fft^,

it: ^;^fl^::

Don't undo

it

:

Undo them:

pi.

^1:^::

fftut.

^^•<^;^fl^K attiftau, pi.

-'P'ls-lh

•.:

-ftut.

^^'^ah-.-. fitdccau, pi. *P;fciPa>-K fi-

twdccau. o

Don't undo them

h•'^¥;^'^fl^

:

attif tdccaii, pi,

:••

-^^

^ahi: -ftwdccau. o

undo it 'h9°(\^'-hli^i'' liibi dlaii. Can't you imdo it? h9^i\^'hM"' mbi dliih?,

I can't

:

M^O-K undone, It

...

aldccyuh?

be, v.p. (come,

comes

...

7d).

(§

v.i.) '^4i.;^

tafatta.

come) undone:

(will

pi.

^^f.;'-^:: yiftattal,

pi. f^i,'J't>^'.' yifFattallu.

It

does tam,

It is to It is It

(will) pi.

not come undone:

-'^T

^/i
-ttum.

::

be undone

:

J&
yiffdta, pi. -12:: _tu.

not to be undone: hf^d^^^v.

has come undone

'f'<(.'l*;/:A::

:

aifFata, pi.

-'fs:-.

-tu.

tafattoal, pi. 'VdJV

'h'PA" tafattaual. o o o undress,

v.i.

A'flfr'J : ^i(dA4»

libsun

(liys-)

awallaqa (aua-,

-ail-).

I

am

goin<^ to undress:

s^'en lauoilqi (§§ Id,

I

am

undressed:

A'flrt,'>

••

Afli a4»

••

i^

::

Ify-

48a) nan.

^•fe't'J.-V^::

raqut>en

(§§ 8, 56c?)

niiu.

uneasy, be

(feel), v.i.

§ 43a unemployed, ;

fl^4*!hAa>- sfqiqq dlau (impers.

§ 63r?, e).

adj. dJ\' fatt. ft<5-

:

fatt.

uneven, adj. I^Cfl") gwwrbatta

On uneven

ground:

(-rya-).

flT^Cfl"] i {'"J^'C

••

bagwwryatta

(§8)mdir. AM. GR.

(ll)

24

^

UNE— UNL

370 J!:'il^ dfngat.

unexpectedly, adv.

H^'il^ badingat. unexpectedly, enter, §

zauw

iiay-ihii

v.i.

(§ 6)

dla

(s.v.

VflA,

44a).

Don't come in unexpectedly:

H<»--"flAUs?i^*7fl::

zauw! vflah attfgva. unfasten,

d,^ fatta

v.t.

unfastened, be,

undo),

(s.v.

undone,

v.p.

(come,

v.i.

fl^•A;^••^m4- wulata (-lat-) ataffa, to,

v.i.) '^
tafatta

(s.v.

be),

ungrateful, be,

or pers. suff

P- ya- (§ 4:7a),

He was

125).

(§

not ungrateful to me: fl^A;^P»'}:hAm4•l'"K

wulata^en alataifam

(§

37a).

uniform, adj. ^InVlA tikfkkil.

uniform,

s.

PrtA*p! A-flft yasalf (-salf; aoiiiid3^

uniform, be, '

'

massallafya

§

70) libs

(liys).

(-sallaf-).

i'hhA takakkala. o o o

v.i.

They are uniform:

^fti'hhA astakakkala.

uniform, render,

v.t.

unimpaired,

T^

adj.

j&i'JlhAA-K yittakakkalallu.

ti'ru (tiiru).

dahna

f^h'i

unlawful, be declared,

(§ 8).

v.p. i'lU't'

tagazzata.

Has^— it been declared unlawful? i'TH:tA«

tagrazzi°

*

"

toal?

unlawful, declare, unless, conj.

(

IHi* gazzata.

v.t.

= if

not),

ditional constr.

He

is

(§

use neg. verb 81)

;

s.v.

(§

37c) in con-

if

not to come unless he wishes: fl^aiJt-'^J&

9°^ K baiwojdd, o '

Don't take

it

fiimta. o

•

unless you want

it:

a>-A£fl>-K battifdlliqrau attusadau.

fl'h
••

^'li*

UNL— UNS

371

He

come

won't

battamatau aimatam. o o o

hP,trofl9^ti •^

I

unless you fetch him: fl^em^tD'i •

•

should not pay him unless he brought T-f ^

:

tllf"i

'.

hfiiti^iiohr

inc

:

it

^AJT"

:

aldmtit ot •o

::

vi•

h'^on, alkdflaum ndbbar. o

o

o

Unless he had come,

o

should have sold

I

ffiiaofl

it:

s

?i'}^U"}:?iffma>-.-Vnc« yalmattandah^on, isatau

ndbbar. o o unload,

hat^^ awc^rrada

v.t.

Unload the baggage dwiirdaii, pi.

-S-'l*

:••

:

(auw-).

"h^Oht hohCff^oh .•

f(jaun

-dut.

Unload the mule: +n4'A" ^fl^CJ^A^ :

dwiirdill^t, pi. -^-A'V « -dullat,

unlucky, adj. (ill-omened) 1"^/V" It

a

(§

tayaql'^o

::

47a).

gwto'dal'^o.

unlucky: >^A---?iJt A .•*<»-". gwwdal''o (§8)

is

ddil naii. o o

He

unlucky:

is

unripe, adj.

unripe, be,

^AdAA v.i.

li'fl'l*:fAfl»-i^K

yalbassala

— use neg. of

It is unripe:

h AflAAl'"

••••

haft yallaum.

(-ly^-; §S

flrtA

1*^' *5^^j

37c).

bassala, to ripen.

alyassalam,

pi. -i\r9°ii

-lum,

(§ «36/).

unsaddle,

v.i.

&

Unsaddle

:

t.

h^ld, arraggafa.

h^*l^ «

Don't unsaddle:

arrdgif, pi. -*7^ » -gifu.

h^'^l^a

Unsaddle the pony:

attarrdgif, pi.

-^k

-fu.

d.^f^'i'-h^l^i'- farasun arrd-

gif

Unsaddle him: h^ld^ahn

arrdorifau, Oo o

...

her:

-4-'V::

-fat.

Don't unsaddle him: h^^1A,ah» attarrdgifau, her: -4-'Vk

-fat.

24—2

...

UNS—UNT

372

unsteady, be,

tanaqannaqa.

v.i. '^i4*V*l'

This table

is

unsteady:

J^.U:^n;^.•J^,>+i^A:•. ylhe

oravata yinnaqannaqal.

untie,

v.t.
fatta

undo).

(s.v,

Untie the knot

*l>^T4-'>

:

untied, be, v.p. (come,

^^Oh

:

qwiitirun fitau.

•.:

i'd,^' tafatta

v.i.)

until, conj. htlh- (i)ska- ["hM'- (i)sta-]

(s.v.

undone,

be),

prefixed to simple

perfect.

hM}-

[Kft^-

(i)sk(i)-

gent

(§

See

§

(i)st(i)-]

pref. to contin-

45).

48a

tense

;

J^r^ft

;

may follow either

diras

s.v. till,

until, prp. Jifth- (i)ska- (§ 47a). J.ft+- ("jlsta-

(

„

).

>ifth-[Kft1--]...!^<:ft (i)ska- [(i)sta-]... djr|s

<§*^*)-

S.y°till.

untrue, adj. fl^ff^ wfsat (wus-; §575).

untrustworthy, adj. ^^^^'ao'i

untrustworthy,

be,*v.i.

is

untruth,

part, type

A

untrustworthy: h^^ao'i^^

pi. -^^9°

::

v.

§

34).

aittdmmanim,

-num.

s. fl)-ff'h

(s.v.

— use neg. of ^ao^ tammana (ger. &

He

yammaittamman

wfsat

(wtis-).

hfi^ assat. h-nA'T- Iblat

See

(lyl-, -lat). §

52a,

8.

untruthful, adj. 'PV wds'^o. ahri^'9^

wusatam

(§ 8).

h(\f. §:bai(ay-; -dyy

§6; §8).

UP—UPS

373 up, adv. (above) Aj&

Idi.

nA^ (upwards)

balSi

sfqqib

(it) is

up, go (come),

(§ 8).

(-iv).

47a).

(§

'i--il{

He

wwdalai

tDfJ\f^ 7i4»'(l

up, prp. h- ka-

{§ 8).

„

).

up the

tree: '^H4^sVfl^:: tazaf nau.

oi^ wwtta.

v.i.

U76) «

n-....: Aji.-iD'nba-.... lai(S8, \t' '

v.t.

O

O

/

wcJtta.

Go up

ID-'H

:

Don't go up:

Has he pi. A

(it)

wtita, pi. fl^^v

"•

^i'l*i»-'n k

gone up?

:••

wtitu.

attuta, pi. -m* « -tu.

&

fl)T:tA:: wcu'ttM?, pol.

iDT'h'PA:: wwttaual? O •

Go up

n'^^^ A^ i»-'»l » batarard lai * o o o The price went up *?pih\\^x'. wdga tikkala. the

hill

:

:

wiita.

:

•

•

:

up

to,

prp.

(i)ska- (§ 47a).

ItxhXl-

Jiftl-- (i)sta-

(

„

Kfth [Xftt-]

...

:

).

j^-<:ft

(i)ska-[(i)sta-]

...

dfras

(§476).

Up Up *

to now: to here

uphill, adv.

When

'hhhih'i :

Txtxi-nA)

^'I'fl'lh

he

(it)

iskdhun.

••

•

Jt^^ft

••

tiqabat (-ayat

istjizzfh dfras. O O O

;

o

§ 8).

goes uphill: M(\H"- tum'U

•-

dqayat

siwwta. o

upon, prp. n- [h-, -K]

Upon

A|Z.

ba-

(ka-, ta-)

v.t.

lai (§ 8, § 476). lai. o

V4*A naqqala.

uprooted, be,

v.p.

i'V+A tanaqqala.

upside down, adv. n*7A'flT bagilbit It is

...

the chair: i'a)9^f[<^:'i^: tauwmbdru '^ O O

*

uproot,

....-

(-lyit,

-giUbbit).

upside down: n*7A'flT:ViD-:: badlibbft

nau.

(S

8)

UPW— USE

374

upwards (upstream), adv. H^ii sfqqib upwards (upstream),

go,

hfi^(\

v.i.

(-iv).

asaqqaba

(-aya).

ti^'flshti sfqqib (-iy) ala (s.v.

VnA,

44a).

§

He (it) has gone upwards: M^f^^^a

asaqqiyoal,

pi.

-fl*PAK -vaual, or o '

•

7J4''fl

••

-flO,

A

15al, pi.

ss

...

siqqiy

yf-

'flA'PAK

...

vflaual. •

urethra,

P7i'}^!/*'C yasint

s.

O O

sir.

(male) P*l*^As/*'C yaqwuld

See urinal,

s.

aoS^ masana

sir.

§§ 8, 70.

(-sana).

(\&^ bar^eta. urinate,

v.i.

ffV

sanna.

(euphem.) urine,

s.

hd^ti kafFala.

fi'i^ sint.

Urtica ureiis (or simensls, Guidi, Vocab. pp. 149, 150), A*^

samma

(§

o2a,

us, pers. pron. -t -n (-nn

emphatic Don't bring

usage,

it

47a) attantau

s.

iDl wtug.

/^^^

8). § 6, -V

fi'i'i

near us

(§

sfrat

(§

s.

:

-nna,

Inndn

(D^

7d), pi.

••

§

12c).

(§ 8, §

12a).

h:i'9^flah k wwdannfi,

...

-flb^s -tut.

(§ 8).

?iJtC fddir. use,

s.

(utility)

What val?

is

T^'J^ tfqim.

the use of it?

fi9^'}tf^d(\lii«

lamfn yird-

USE— USE

375

^^i?^ah9^t:

(of a course of action)

no use:

It's

yallaum. fir^e o O "^

(of

an object)

^^ ^.G^Cfli^w airayam, pi.

-0-9" :: -yum.

h^(n^9°9°i' aitaqmim, pi. -tfo-jr»

I

have no use for

::

-mum.

Ai:7i^m4»<w»^J^:! lan^e aita-

it:

qimanfiim.

no use

It's

zimm

his shouting: ll9^''(\(t--'iah:h'^i^fl»

nau mmic''6h

bil^'o (S 8)

use, v.t rt^sfl- sdrra (sar-)

What do you

use

it

ba- (ya-;

§

(§§

7d, 14).

47a).

min

for? ^"J ^rt^n;l-AO « ••

ti-

? sarabbatallah o o

How

does one use

it?

M^^'-f^ao^^'-' nd>et yim-

maccal ?

We used to go every month bayyawwru

(§

Is this

nnihad ndbbarn

18)

He

be (become), (it) is

(§

246,

••

§

VflO:*.

33a).

talammada.

jK.U:^A:/Z.A<wi^A-je.K yihe qal

word used?

yilldmmadallwj? to,

flf a)4-s X'Jrh.Jt

v.p. (in use, be, v.i.) 'i'liaof!,

used, be,

used

:

(s.v. a)J&).

v.t.

used to

Idmmada

(§ 63^?, e).

(them §016):

Ar^As

A#ni^

it

1dm-

d(Sl, pi. AJ'^ft'PA « Idmdaual.

^^r^^V'^ tilamdallah, pol. ^Ar^A-« yilamddllu, pi. ^A?"^A^l^«

You

will

get used to

tilamdalldccyuh useful, adj. f^^Cfl

useful, be,

v.i.

(§

ft

(them):

7d).

yammiraba (aya; rabba.

m+
He

(it) is

vallu.

§ 14:).

(taq-).

useful: f^dd^i- yirdyal,

pi.

J&^nA-K yira-

USE—VEI

376

useless, adj. f^J&^fl

yammairaba (aya;

§§ 14, 37c).

9"TJ^7 mindmin. o o uterus,

*ltha\'i mah(i)tan.

s.

'Im'i mdtan. o •

uvula,

s.

h'i^C anqdr

§ Q'efers to the

vagabond, vagina,

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

ho^^A^/i audalddi

s.

?»J^ft

s.

(§ 8).

vain,

adv.

VnA,

—use

If

vanguard,

§

A^

s.

6;

§ 8).

bfllit.

gerund of

zimm

TfS^.-^iA

in vain: 'H9"i'flA"iAOTis

Idmmana, OOO-''pi. manu. o s.

§

ala

(s.v.

44a).

He begged

valley,

-dyy

;

ims.

(euphem.) -IIA^ in,

(-dal-

'H^^s'TIAid-.-AotiV-::

zimm

bll^o

oooo

zimmbflau 1dm-

salaq^o (swlwq^ o).

ha^-^d aurdri.

Commander

of vanguard

:

d^^oh^'^ fitaurdri

(fit-).

various, adj. AP-s AP' liyyu liyyu.

vegetable,

s.

-^VlA

tikil, pi.

(gTeen)

vegetable marrow, veil, s.

'h'tw'}

s. -S-fl

^;^VlA^

also

gwwmman

atdkilt.

(-man

;

§

o2a,

8).

diibba.

au^&j'^ masaffafia (-saffdfia).

veil, v.t. ff<{.V

saffana

(saf-).

veiled, be, v.p. (veil oneself,

v.r.)

'V^&h tasaffana

(tasaf-).

Is she veiled? (now) -^'^^^ti^v^ t.^sjk'injillac?, pi. i'Tf'hV'PA:: tasafFinaii'al? o

(generally)

'Ihff

o

••:

tissaffanal-

lac?, pi. J&?f
VEI—VIC

377 vein,

/*'C sir

s.

velvet,

s.

52a,

(§

y).

h
venereal disease,

s.

(gonorrhoea)

cayt.

fiR.'flT

(syphilis) *feT^ q|ttin (-nil

veranda,

A'fl^'n

s.

slbsdb (siysdy

G. ^jS-mP^ aittayaf

On

the veranda:

^£

••

(-aiiif ).

&

rtA9" daj jii

-i'tl'dfi'ti--

S. (§

doorway),

9^) saldm

tasiysay

(§

G. y^me^.-haittdiaf

vermifuge,

Vi^

s.

(

(§ 8).

47a). „

).

k^ds^o.

'nAy'^? bilhatafina

versatile, adj.

§ 8).

§ 8).

;

B. A'J?^ dajjaf (§8; in G. (of church)

6;

§

(-tan-).

OOO

-an-). Tflfl'f tibabaiuia (tivav-, V'O'O* •

versatility,

s. -flA'/'T-

'

bilhat

(§ 8).

TO-fl tfbab (tfvav).

very, adv. hf:*! Ijjig. (bavf-). n-nH- babfzu ^ o o o o '

•

Very nice:

He

(it) is

K^l'-'^tid^^'- fjjig mfilafya.

very tall: ?ijt*7:^£r:Vfl»-::

fjji«4-

nijjfm

nau. o vest,

(under-)

s.

Vetterli vice,

s.

rifle, s.

In^^'V

'rt'*^'fl

siirrdb (-dy;

me^G^ wacaf

kifat (kaf-,

''

vicious, adj.

o.

kiif-, § 7r/;

Viciafaha (Broun, Cat. 141),

h^ kifu (kiifu,

§ 8).

s.

§ 8).

n*A baq^ela

kdfu,

§

(§

52a,

8).

Id).

(of animals) 4*^m« qwtittu. vicious,

be (become),

This mule

is

v.i.

h4' kaff'a

(§ 63f7, g).

(has got) vicious: /i!)!n4*A"sh^:I:A«

yihe ydql^^ o kaft5al.

VIC—vol victory,

378

j?:A d|l.

s.

They

fought and gained a victory: -fP

(he, pol.)

*7'^a^

!

Jt A

s

o

^4*V^ niqfnnat

s.

vigilant, adj.

7*

vigorous, adj.

addrragu, or

dil

dil nassu. o

... JtAeii**-:: ... *^

vigilance,

taudgtau

A^
(-nat).

nfqu.

TAn;^9" gwulbatam

(-ly-,

T^Ani*? gwulbatanna vigour,

s.

T^Afll* gwiilbat

village,

s.

aotff^C

mandar

hlC agar

-at-

(-ly-,

;

§ 8).

-atan-).

(-ly-, -at).

(-dar).

(-gar).

See In the village:

§

52a,

•f'ao'ifijcii

S.

tamdndar

(§

4Ta).

Are there many villages on the road? 'flH's<wi'}^Cs Y\h'''t'ao'iif^it\f»,xi bfzu mandar alia tamangddu 8)

(§

vinegar,

iS?

(§

"hJ^TT

s.

476).

giimtit.

If jPrtj/n h^^ omtatta (\\9^-

violence,

s.

violent, adj. ^^f^tC? haiUfiiia violet, adj. violin,

viper,

*P^^

s.

masfnq^o.

fdnfiit,

often f

virgin, adj. J?:7*7Aj& dingfldi virgin,

s.

viscera,

(-laii-).

*^'h^ cagiimma.

'^Ti'}*^

s.

k^om-, mm. -iitj^).

:ij&A hail,

(§

54c).

(§ 8).

J^'>*7A dfngil, pi. also ^*i'*7A danagil.

s.

IfJt

••

"k^ h^^odiqa.

Viverra

civetta,

s.

'HflJt

zfbdd

TC^

tfriu (-fin

(-fyd-

Usually f voice,

s.

J^i^T dimt.

;

§ 8).

SC;

(§ 54c).

S 8).

VOL—WAI

379 voluntarily, adv. fllHsJiS'- bagazzdjjsuffixes (§126);

He

did

it

(§

8)

with personal

7H).

(s.v.

voluntarily: (iini'h%shf!,^l(D'ti bagaz-

zdiiu addrragau. OO O O~O -, She came voluntarily: HlH * ?i5, ^ni")^ « bagazzaj••

jwa mattac. vomit,

&

v.i.

t.

'^*^ tafFa.

Have you vomited ? i'4«UK tdfFah?, vomit, cause to, v.i. & t. Aiftf'4- astaffa. It will

cause you to vomit

you

...

vomited, be, vulture,

s.

(pol.)

s.

^ft+^-VA « yastdifahal,

:

^ft'^4.?';^A:: yastaffa^tal.

v.p. i"t'4^ tatafFa.

fT^'flt/iT*^ yatjmb

h'P^ vulva,

...:

pol. i"^-.: taffu?

(§

70)

am^ora.

am'^ora.

h9°tl ims.

(euphem.)

'flA-V bfllit.

W §

of tfie Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

refers to the paragrapJis

wager,

s.

OhCCf:

wages,

s.

^*r"H ddm^(5z

waggon,

s.

wiirfrrid. (§ 8).

t/*'^7A siragdlla

(i*'- sa-).

S. tj3<{ gdri.

Waggon

road:

tf/*'<:'IA.'<w>'}7j^e yjtsiragdlla

mdn-

gad. S. ^^pd'-ao'Hjt:'. yiigari

See waist,

s. fli'l'fl

waistband,

s.

wwgab

§§

(-ay).

maqannaca. ^•^dig " ao^'iff^

47«, 70

;

s.v.

mdngad. road,

WAI—WAI waistcoat, wait,

v.i.

380

s. *7'n*7'll

^ibbidbb.

qwwyya.

(for, v.t.) "fef

mfl*!'

Wait:

qwwi,

*feJ&K

tabbaqa. pi.

^P-" qwwyyu.

Don't wait: ^^*fe^K attfqwwi,

qwwyyu.

He

h^W^-

atti-

_ to wait:

is

(it)

pi.

yfqwwi,

jR*fe/iK

pi. j&*feP'«

yi-

qwojyyu.

He

needn't wait:

(it)

lij&*fej&:'.

aiqwcui, pi. ^j&'feP'K

aiqwwyyu.

cannot wait

I

#n>«fef

:

^

:

hj!,^ti^9° s

maqwwyyat

aiccalanfiim, -Ii'i9^ s -lannim. pi. Mr o o o o ^

Wait

for

him

(it):

qwwyyau,

*fefiD-K

W^-'

pi.

qw&jyyat. rti'fU'aHK tabbiqau, pi. -«fe^K

-qut.

Wait

for

them:

qwwj^dccau,

*fe^^m-:: ^fli-K

qwcuyyudccau.

ax'Q^^ah ^f^fl^::

wait a

little, v.i.

Wait a *fef

wait,

^

•

*fef^!?iA

little: fl/V*

tabbiqdccau,

li

pi.

-$

-qwdccau.

qwwyyatt ala

(s.v.

VflA,

§

44a).

^fef^snA:: qwwyyat (§§6,8) yal,

pi.

K qwftiyyat yalu.

cause or allow

to, v.t. K*fef

aqwwyya.

Aift*fef

Make him

pi. *feJi*P

wait:

^'fefOJ-::

asqwcuyya.

aqwwyyau,

pi.

h*k^^"

aqwo^jT^ut.

Make them

wait: h't^y^ahn aqwwyyaccau,

^'h^Oh wait for each other,

v.

'.'.

pi. ^"fc

aqwwyyudccau.

recip. '^*fe^P' tacpvcoiayyu.

Don't wait for each other:

Ik^'fe^P-K attiqciwojiaiu.

WAI— WAL

381

They are not

to wait for each other:

?i'}-Sj&'fe^&::

ndaiqqwcoiayyu.

We

each other:

will wait for

h'J'fe^^A'JK inniq-

qwcuiayyallan.

waiting, keep,

v.t.

hA*fef asqwcJyya.

Don't keep him

waiting:

(it)

^;^ft*fefa^:•• attas-

qwcjyyau, pol. ^^ft'fe^^ « a^ asqwo^yyut,

pi. ^^;^ft

'feP'^K attasqwojyyut.

Don't keep them waiting

:

qwtuyydccau, pol. h^tlWh^tO'i' cau,

wake, I

pi.

attas-

^i;^ft'fe^^•a^ «

a^ asqw&jyyudc-

h^'il'k^h't^ah K attasqwwyyudccau.

^^ naqqa. shall wake anyhow:

v.i.

?»'>-?.^fl>«

••

h^^A'V^ « ndyilu

naqallaii'' (§ 7d).

I

wake,

shall not

wake unless you

hM^9°ii

battasnassanii (§§6, 37c) alnaqtxm.

v.t.

call

me:

flj^'fti*^'*^

••

M^ anaqqa. hM**! asndssa. o

Wake me

ht^'"^ k anqaii.

:

hM*^'^'.'-

Don't wake

me

:

asnassan. o

h^^l^'"^ k attdnqan. h:i*t\*i**i^-''

Wake me

attasnassan. o

before dawn: 'i-'ip^'^d.^'-txi^^vs, ta-

nigdt yafit dncian. walk,

s.

(gait) Ahrh.jt akkahiid.

walk (about,

Can he

off), v.i. rh.^ (it)

rh.^/V-::

He

(it)

-fi-r-'

hada

(ha-, h^e-, -da,

walk? ^rh.^AK yihadal?,

yihiidallu?

can't walk:

-dum

(§

pol.

Id).

&

pi. f,

63c).

h,ftrfi.Jti^--

(§63c).

§

aihadim, pol.

&

pi.

WAL—WAN walk,

382

(about) hMhf^ askada

v.t.

(along) fid

Walk

sdba

{-ka-, -da),

(sdva).

the horse (about): ^dfh'i-'hlltu^ah'^ fara-

sun askidau. o o Walk it about until

it is

dry

:

hMKf!.0}--hil'l:f!.C^»

dskidau stidarq.

Walk

sdthe horse alonor: ~ d.^C^'i'-fidoha farasun o o

vau.

walk,

"TO

for

am

I

a, v.i. i'Vii.rt

aroino*

tanaffasa.

out for a walk: ^I'l'^^A'V'saiT^K

in-

naffasallau^ wwticc^e. wall,

(high)

s.

n^^fi gidgidda

(girg-

§

7d).

(low) ^Jt4» nfddiq.

h^*P Idm^o. wallet,

s.

h^rHi'lh karatit.

(wicker-work) hXii^^ ak^'ofdda. wallow,

He

v.i.

i'^hflAA tankaballala

(it)

wallows °in the

kacfqa

note want,

(-aya-).

mud^

h'T'^.-JK.^hnAAA::

yinkayallalal, pi. -AAA A* k -yallalallu,

(§ 7c,

1).

v.t. d,til fdllaffa. O^ o o

Do you want him (it)?

^<(.A1*PAU:: tifalligauallah?,

pol. Je,<^A'^;^AK yifalligutal?, pi. 4*
tifalligutalldccyuh?

Don't you want him

gaum?,

(§

7d).

^^^A7flJ-r::

(it)?

attifalli-

pol. hf,iLfii'h^9°tt aifalligutim ?, pi.

h^

^fiit^r*'.' attifallio-utim? o~ o o o

What do you want?

JP*^

:

-><{.

gallah?, pol. 9°'i'f^4L^pti"'' 9°'i-'^d,^pf[^-ihi'-

I

want him

(it):

min

Aj3 AO

min

tifalli-

yifalligallu ?, pi.

:••

ifalligauallau'^ (§ 7c?), °

h'i^^l'PfiTf'.'' innifalhgaujilliin. pi. 1 oO o o

min

tifalli<>allaccyuh?

hii. A7*PA'^^ o

«

o

WAN—WAN

383

want him

I don't

pi. h'id.^liD'9^ii

I

(it):

^iA
annifalli^aum.

want to go: Arh.Jt ••?i<^A;3A1r^:! lihad lau^

pi. ^'i^b,^'•'h'id,^p^'iii

ifalligal-

linnhad innifalligal-

lan. I

don't want to go: Arh.Jt-^iA
Do you want tifalligfillah

linnhad annifalli-

to go? A^rh.j^."lh
pol. A.rh.-S.-'^^CA/i/V's: lihadu yifal-

ligallu?, pi. A^rh.^.:^<{.A;iA^i>:: litthadu tifalH-

galldccyuh?

Don't you want to go? A-Vrh.^- Ai^^C A^i'" « litthad ••

pol. A^rh..?. hf^d^^l'9^ v. lihadu aifal-

attifalligim

?,

ligum?,

Al'rh.^.:Ai'l'^.A'hr

pi.

••

::

litthadu attifdl-

ligum ?

He

has sold the mule I wanted:

baql^oun sdtabbin

•fl'^K

want

of,

be

in, v.t. IfL^tD*

fl4*A"(»-'>-*?fm

(s.v. fl-, §§

gdddadau

(cp.

§

47a, 71). 43a).

Y\"\ atta.

See

What

§ 63<:/, e.

are you in want of? ^"'Js'l^yAK min gad-

d^ohal?, pol. r'}:^/^?';^A:! mih gadd^oS)tal? (-d^ot-), pi. 9"'>.'7Jg^^AAK (§

min gadd5dccyuhal?

7^0-

wanted, be,

v.p. •frd^hl tafallaora.

He (it) is not wanted wanting, be,

v.i.

1^^

:

J&4*C:: yfqir, pi. Ji4'<-K yiqru.

g^cldada.

;^'n tatta.

See

^ 636?, e.

WAR—WAR There

is

384

nothing wanting

:

9°'i9°ihf,l!!:ii (§

mfnimm

%add (§ 37d),

6)

or

minim yagaddada (i 14)

l^"}?":? 7^^:f A:: (§

6)

yalla

war,

s.

(nCi^ t'^orfnnat (nc

39&).

t^'or.

In time of war: f mC

War

(§

(-niit).

:

^H..• yat'^dr (§§ o6c, 70) giz^'e.

material: ^(^C-'Oofi^^: yat^^or massarya.

zammata. If he goes to war: {UlT^-- bizamt,

war, go

to,

v.i.

9^')?

war,' send

I

H<w>i'

&

pi. fl.H

bizamtu. o

azzammata. o o o

to, v.t. hH<7i»i-

Does he send him taual?, pol. & pi. war,^ take

pol.

to,' v.t. hHtro'l'

to war? ^HJ^i^'PA" yazzammi-

^nr^-P^'^i: yazzammitutal?

azammata. o o o

Does he take him to war? ^Hi^i'
:

;

:

Don't warm

Warm

it

:

up a

it

h^ao^^(D*

::

attamuqau.

MX'h^CIV'-hao'^ah'.x labb

little:

drgah (\ld) S-muqau.

warm,

be,

v.i.

^^

It is (too)

m'^oqa

warm

:

(§

QM,

oo-^ A

:••

miiqoal.

S. T'^'A::

It isn't

warmth, warp,

s.

s.

(in

warm

(enough):

e).

m^^dqSl.

liAT**!*?":: alm'^^dqam.

00-+^ miiqat. weaving)

^JL'Tl'A

fdtil (fat-).

WAR—WAS

385 warp,

zdbba.

Hfl

v.i.

warp: ^HOA-.:

It will

warp

It will not

warped:

It is

wart,

:

yizayal, pi. j&HOA-:: yizayallu.

Aij&lf n?" k

aizayam,

-fl-JP-.:

-yum.

H-fljtA:: zaytSal, pl.-^'PA:-. -taual.

h'};^(^^ kintSr^^'ot, usually

s.

pi.

f.

wart-hog (Phacochoerus cvthiopims),

(§

54c).

"hC^ frya.

s.

\\CX\C karkarr^o o o

-kar-;

(kiir-,

Galla).

wash,

(wash oneself,

v.i.

v.r.)

^oi^

tattaba (ava). o o O O •

I

am

••

nan, I

•

going to wash: A;^^l•n *^

AV-m-fl VJ «

pi.

am

•

\

::

•

'

littattdy

(§

8)

linnittattdy (§°8) nan.

washing: ?l;^m^A'^:: ittattay{lllau^

M

pi.

:^m(\M'.'. innittattavjilljin. O O •

•

o

•

haven't washed yet: ^iA;^^l•fl(^r:^7:V^:: altatt^yhum, gana nan, pi. h A;^^l'nVJ^» 7«7 : >•} al-

I

..

tattavnam, ":and

niin.

wash now:

I shan't

tattayim,

:•.

YMhlihl\'J*a\-n9°i'.

pi. ^tii'-J.-^V-m-fUP::

ahun

alit-

ahun annittattaO o -

.

vim. o

.

•

Before

I

wash: ^A;^m'fl:

salittattay, pi. (i'i^a\'({t

sannittattav. O .

When

I

o

.

•

wash:

ft^l-m-fl: sittattay, pi. tll^oi-iii sin-

nittattav.

When

I have washed: ;^Tn7: tatvan. o •

•

Wash

;I-Tn.: tatibb^e (§29), pi.

yourself: ^ay-ii'^ tatav,

pi. ;^^l^^::

tatavu.

Aren't you going to wash? h^-^ax-av^n attittattayim?, pl.-n-5^::-yum? wash,

v.t. Atflifl

dttaba o o •

Wash him AM. GR.

(II)

•

(it):

(-ava). ^

o

•

O

'

hmaohix

itavau, pi. -O-^k -vut 25

WAS— WAT

386

Don't Avash him

(it)

h^mdah:-. attitayau,

:

pi. -fl-^K

-yut.

Have you washed him

attavaccihut?

pi. hmfl'fl^^•.••

my

want to wash

I

pii'h'.'-

ijj^en

attayhau?,

(it)? hai'dViD'i''

hands:

h'X.'i

--^^ (nil --hd.^

52a, y, 56c) littdttay ifalligallau^

(§§

Wash your hands:

?iE*U'> s ;^m'fl « i^jjihin tdtay, pi.

?l3?'fl^'>!;^mf^« ijjaccihun tatayu.

washed, be,

v.p.

Has he

;^mfl tdttaba

;^Tn*PA"^

(s.v. fl)^), pi.

be washed

It is to

(-ava).

been washed?

(it)

:

;^TP,rt"Je.:•.

tdtiyauallwi

:•

J&;'"fli'n

tatiyoallwf? ?

h yittatay, pi.

-fl-

not to be washed: ^J&;^m'flK aittatay,

It is

« -yu.

pi.

-fl--.:

-yu.

must be washed

It

(process)

s.

'•

bamiiq wtiha yittatay.

oi'fl K

washing,

in hot water: ([ao-^ : ohV f^^

hTfl^

^tbat

(ity-, -at).

These clothes want washing: ^UsA'flft--?iTn^:J2, <(.ApAK yihe liys (§ 52a, 8) ftyat yifalligal. washing-place,

wasp,

s.

(solitary)

matabya

(-^Yysi)-

s.

wasp See §

:

§§

47a, 70).

^"JH^H • tinziza.

52a,

S.

haii' atalFa.

v.t.

Don't waste watch,

*^mfl,^

^Ohfi :'}({ yaussa-nib (niy;

Mason waste,

s.

it: h^'Ti-ay-i- attatfau, pi.

rt^^' saat,

sometimes

f.

(§

54c), see

Is it

going? J2.H^Ak yiz^oral?

Has

it

stopped? *^A:-. qum6al? S.

Wind

it

It loses

:

up

:

aoAoh

|i4»^

A«

*^Ak :••

q^^omSal?

miilau.

yiqaral.

-^'>k

-fut.

Addenda.

WAT—WAT

387 It is slow: «f»C:f:A« q^rtoal.

H'7^:tAK zagyitoal. It gains

It is fast

Put Put

it

it

J&4*Jt^ A k yiqadmal.

:

:

4*J?:^

A«

qadmoal.

on (forward): hlli'^aoa}"^ asqaddimau. back: hil'i'dtD'i- asqarrau.

It is right: ^\l\}^'-'tahi: tikikkfl

Ah It is

Put

:

not right: it

VflJ-

::

llkkl O o

(S " ^

(§

8)

nau.

7d) nau. o '

A»l.-^J&/^Air»:: likk

aidallam

(§

Id).

right: htl'thYltiahn astakdkilau. o o o c-"

How much

has

it

lost (is it slow)? J^'Js^UA:*^:::

min yahl qarra ?

How much

has

gained

it

(is it

fast)? i^^s^UA-'

It is

min yahl qaddama ? wound up T*A « m'^'dlla.

It is

not wound up: AiA'PAJ^:: alm^ollam.

«|»^<w»

::

:

& t. +/niAhf' tamalakkata. o o o o o Watch him (it) i'/w* Ah'l'fl>- « tamalkatau,

watch,

v.i.

pi.

:

-is^s

-tut.

watchman,

s.

't'd^ taraiiiia (tar-, -an-).

HO? zabdnna o o See watch-tower, s.

s.

O

\

'

'

tabbdqi.

mfl*fe

water,

(zav-, -dii-). /

§

52a,

S.

rtlV-V saorannat.

OhV wtiha (uha). S. also (dV

Warm

waha.

(hot) water: ao^^sahV:

Boiling Avater

Cold water

:

:

'PAsm-'/s

^V^H

Clear (pure) water

:

••

OhV

••

Fresh water:

wiiha.

wdha.

fil

qazqazza wiiha.

T^iOhVi

Clean water: ^nvrhs^D-ys

muq

tfru wiiha.

nitiih wiiha. o •

h^ilsay-'/s dddis wiiha. o

25—2

:

WAT—WAT

388

Bring some water: ta

fl^y .•>%?" "Is Aviiha

amta (uhdn-

Id).

§

Tie up a

little

^T^a>-K

Where

water in a skin

:

wdha tarauwdt

tfqit

T*fe^ ay-V '-

••

+^
qAvdtirau.

did you get this Avater from? ^VtsohV:

i'^^ihaofi\Vahi: yihan wttha tayet amattahau? water,

hai^

v.t.

atatta.

Have you watered him? hm^tUohy. atattahau? Have you watered her? ^m^y-I^K atattahat? Have you watered them? hai^V^at^a atattahaccau? o

Water

(pi.)

the animals: h'fl-f^'J.'^imrp^^aHK kaf-

t^occin atattwdccau.

Don't water the pony yet: <^.:^i;^m^a^T^*7! 'liD"-''

water, pass,

When

farasun attatattau, o;and ?fV

v.i.

(S

8) nau,

sanna.

you pass water

:

tl^Til

••

sittisan, pol. fijSY-

••

sisanu. o

Are you passing water without difficulty? flfll.'i'Us WVAUu bafgnah tisanallah?, pol. nm.V?'.-^?f ^tt"''

yisanallu? bat^ena^'o o o o »'

•

water-bottle,

s.

^^

^^P^ rauwdt

(travelling)

(§8).

^
;

§ 8).

(§ 8).

n9^tt'^^ zamzamiya. (pottery, glass) *l'Qd'^

mabraja (mayr-,

-aj-).

The water-bottle is (-ties are § 52a, 8) to be wetted and kept wet ^
:

rauwdt yinndkar

;

••

••

hiillagz^ e rtiy (§ 7d) yihun.

waterbuck (Cobus defassa), s. Jt4-^ difdsa. water-cooler, s. I'd^'^ mabraja (mayr-, -aj-).

WAT—WAY

389 water-course,

win

s.

wcunz.

(small)

^4- dm.. d,4' fafa. o

watered, be,

Has he

v.p. (it)

'P;^A^«

He

(it) is

m"!

tatta.

been watered? m'P:l:AK tattitdllac?, pi.

to be watered

titdtta, pi.

He

(drink)

^mm-

:••

:

aiT+'PAk

S^m^

r.

tattit5al?,

f.

m

tattitaual?

yi tatta,

f.

^m"! s

yitdttu.

(it) is not to be watered: hf^m'^n aitatta, h^m^-'- attitdtta, pi. h^mm-u aitattu.

f.

water-hole,

s.

AiH^*^*

azaqt

(§ 8).

'^^^J^' giidgwdd (giirgw- § 7c?; § 8). watering-place, s. (place for drawing water) ao^^ maqja.

(place for drinking) water-jar,

s.

water-pipe,

s.

(conduit)

*P7.^ m^'ogad

wave,

s.

wave,

v.i.

v.t.

matdcca.

(§

(\'9^(\

biimba.

Q,9°f},

bwdmbwa.

52a,

8).

(be waved, v.p.) i'Cldld targabdggaba

-avdggava,

wave,

emm^

"hltl^ (i)nsfra.

S 7c,

note

h^ld arraggaba

1

(tiir-,

).

(-ava).

hCldltl argabdggaba (-aydggaya).

wax,

s.

ii9^

way,

s.

(road)

sam. o

mdngad.

1j^ T"-^*?

gwwdana.

Way down: oDahd^'- mauraja. Way out or up "loh^^i mduca. Way in aold^ magbya (-gyya). :

-.

:

Which

is

the way? aoll^sat^^i'iiD^i- radngadu

wwd^ et nau ?

!

!

WAY— WEA Which

«

!

390 the way to Addis Abeba? fl^^sVfl*-:

is

^^ft MdiaoTrl^ b ba^et nau yd-ddis ayayd mdn-

gad?

Which way did he go? floi^^

?»Vl-A • rh.ft «

••

dyetdkkulhada? Come this way flH,U ^ « biizzih na. Go out that way flH,^ ah^l « bazzyd

bauw-

•-

:

••

:

wtita (-yduta).

In this (that) way: hTf^V-. (l)ndih (-dih

§ 8).

;

TxTrffM^V: (i)ndazzih (-daz-, -zfh;

Don't do

it

hl^V-h^^Clahn ndlh

that way:

attddrigau (attdrgau

To be some way §

off:

"

"

§8).

§

7d).

fi'd'-hli'-

sabb dla

(s.v.

VflA,

44a).

some way

It is

A long way: He

off: ^'flsj&AA:-.

sabb

?i^4»! iriiq.

has gone a long way:

(it)

yilal.

?i<-4»

:

rh.^ A

iriiq M hfdoal. o

o

One can way

off: n4-4»

!

^^ A

:

it,

rtfl>-

them, »

§

bariiq

6l6) a long (§

7a) yaidl

l^^Tr •• gwojdin

Get out of the way pi. ID*?'?.

:

(her,

sau.

(S 8)

Make way

him

see

::

a)*7jt »

!

Wo^gidu

wojgid

!,

f.

ai*7jf'

:••

wcugi j

!,

!

Get out of his (its) way! ai*7jtA^:*. f -£ A^ K -jillat pi. -^. A^ K -dullat

wwgidillat!,

!,

wayfarer,

s.

aoTrlfJi mangaddiiiia (-dan-).

we, pers. pron. h!^ ifind

(§§ 8, 1

2a, 60&), usually

unless emphatic,

weak,

adj. (of

animate objects) ^h*^ diikkdma.

(gen.)

AW sanaf

omitted

WEA—WEA

391

This rope

too weak:

is

gam ad sanaf (S This coffee

(§8) nau.

weak, be (become),

v.i.

animate objects)

dakkama.

ffjnao

dakkamau

^htwiD* §

is

*y,:f'^'.'.

(too)

weak

:

ft*l'^*;^A

ddkimSatal,

pi.

(impers.

43a).

See

He (it)

yihe

nau.

too weak: f^V'-OrTr-'^^'is'iahii yfhe

is

vunn qaccfn (of

8)

J&Us'l<w»J^.•rtl
:•

6Sd,

§

e.

dakim^otal, f

^h

^Iti'^^-'PAk dakimolc-

caual. o

weaken,

v.t.

(exhaust)

hfijnf**

adakkama.

weakens one: rto^s^^h'^A:: sau yadakimal. weakness, s. (of animate objects) ^h9^ dikdm (§ 8). It

(gen.) lll^'t sinfmna.

wealth,

flAm*7V^ balataggfnnat

s.

(-nat).

wealthy, adj. flAmp balatdgga. (;•n;^r hflbtam (hdyt-, haftn-hrt.

weapon,

s.

aofid^ masstlrya (ya

-n^^ birat wear,

v.t.

(put on)

§ 8).

;

bukkas^e. §

Id).

(-rat).

Aflrt

Idbbasa

(§

56c).

Yx^Cl addrragra.

Wear

it: AflrtflJ-:: Ifvasau,

Don't wear

©• O

it:

O

f

AflTiio-::

hvasyu. O O •

'

•'

Ai^Aflrtfl^K attilvasau, f -flTii»-K o o •

o

'

-yasyu.

wear it: JiA'flrt'PA'V-K ilavsaudllau^ o o o o I shall not wear it: ^AA'flAfl>-jr";: allavsaum. o o To-morrow I shall wear these boots: 'ilifbU'tl'«i*^!|»^C'l^K nagayihannan camma(§ o2a,S) I shall

•

•

adarsrauallau*^.

WEA— WEI wear

(out),

392

(consume)

v.t.

The stones gya weary,

s.

& t.

v.i.

'

Do

-fl^s bfrra.

iL'f'ii

fattala (f attala). ^

s.

d,^^

o'

o

o

o

it

here? hH,0:j&
they weave

vifatilutal

weaver,

out: ^T-T.^sjZ.flA'PAK dan-

52a, 8) yiydlaual.

Fair weather: weave,

it

h^hao adakkama.

v.t.

weather,

(§

wear

will

flA bdlla.

?

^^^

-ayy

(fat-;

§

6

;

§ 8).

sammdn^e (sam-). Wednesday, s. & adv. Cil r^' ob (r'^oy). weed, s. hd9" aram {hdV* aram^o § 52a, 8). weed (out), v.t. hdem drrama. Tf'^Ji

;

Weed

the corn:

KU/V'7--AiC<wi(D-:! fhilun

drrimau, o o '

pi. -tn>'^ ii

Weed

-mut.

out the grass from the corn: ^^'iti'Vi^i

hCaoiD'ii sarun tahilu arrimau. o o o ^

weeded

^^ao

(out), be, v.p.

tarrama.

This hasn't been weeded: ^Vih^^dao9"v. ylhe

altdrramam. o o ^9"'}^ sammint

week,

s.

weep,

v.i.

weigh,

v.i.

(§

52a,

8).

^A+rt aldqqasa. (be weighed,

v.p.) i'<w>HV

aon'i

How much

does

yimmazzanal

it

weigh?

tamazzana.

mdzzana o o o

(q.v.). T' ^

ft'J^:j&H
sint

?

must be weighed JRhdH*} k yimmdzan. Which weighs the more (most)? I^^aht^aom'^^'.: mannaccau yimdzzinal ? o o o o This weighs more than that: )iU:'l%U:jirw>'HVA« It

:

•'

yfhe tazzih yimdzzinal

(§

586).

WEI—WEL

393

He

(it)

weighs a

kaydaual,

He

(it)

dam, weisrh, o

v.t.

pi.

'

it

'%H'i

s.

pi.

h-n^'PAs

much: hAhfl^i^K alkabba-

-n^l^K -bbadum,

(§

63^.

mdzzana. o o o ao'Yl'iah

:

kaydSal,

6Sd).

(§

weighing-machine, weight,

h-flJS^A::

:

doesn't weigh

<w)HV

Weiofh ~

lot

s.

mazzinau. o o o

:-.

mizdn

'^H'i

mi/An

(§ 8).

(§ 8).

By weight: n'T.H^s bamizan (§ 47a). What is its weight? '^Hy-:ft^ihsVfl>«K mlzdnu

sfnti

nau? weighty (important), welfare,

s.

well, adj.

^'*il!*i^

^9^ qum.

adj.

dahninnat

^'^V dahna

(-nitt).

(§ 8).

(after illness)

M bdgg^o.

Are you well? ^'^V:VU:: dahna niih?, f ^'^'^iVfis dahnd nils?, pol. ^'I'^-'V?':: dalmd na^o ?, (§ 136). Aren't you well? ^'*i^ -h^F-MiT^'' dahnd aidallahimmwi?, f o o r*/Z,»

I

am

-A^A'fiT'je. *^ »

-dallummwi?,

not well

Are you

:

-dalliisimmwi pol. -^Ao o ?, r^

(§§ 7r/,

'

U)a,

s.v. fl)J&).

?iT*^ A » amm^' onnal.

well again? ?i'7ll,^'flrh.C.j&'^CU-n'):Vi;K

igziayh>er yimdrih, yagg^d

nah?, f

...

/S.'^CTi.-n-VsVfiK... yimdris, yagg'^d nas?, pol.

...

^'^^P:n">:V?'»

...

(§§ 7c/, 8)

yimara^, yagg'^d na^? you, are you well ?).

God have mercy on well, adv.

^'>V dahna

(§ 8).

(thoroughly) (i"\r* batdm

(§ 8).

(adversative) iKlWi (i)nkwan (expletive) ?i^*7^0 (i)ngdyeh.

(resumptive) -'^ -mma.

(§ 8).

(lit.

WEL—WEL He

394

cooks well: ^'^V-'OiTij&rt^AK dS,hna wwt

yi-

saral.

He

speaks Amharic well: h*^C^ sod fi^f}9^ih^C^

malkdm

^'tl^^i' amarfnna

adrig^'o (drg^'o

--

7d)

§

yinndggaral.

You

very well indeed: ^'i^'-hf:ClV'-^*?4'

Avrite

AUk dinq adrigah (drgah) AiJtC7fl>-!j&T4'A'K

titifallah, pol. Jt74»s

dinq adrigau (argau)

Do you know him

well?

(it)

yitifallu.

n'^9":;^fl^+
batdm tauqauallah ? Wefl, we wiirgo: ltl'i\\'i^.h'iih,fi^'i'^ 6kwan(§760» innhadallan.

Well,

we won't go:

h'JV^'J

••

Mrh.Jt9" k nkwan, ann-

hddim. o Well, I

must be going:

hadhufi

(rh.JtVl-^

?i'}*7^U rh./tih^ » ••

badkun, hark-,

ngd^eh

§ 7c?; § 61e), pi.

h'il^V rh.Jti ngd>eh hadna (Part I, p. xxiii). Well, I hope he won't throw you off: h'J'7^0 h*} ^^TAUk ngd^eh indaitilih. '^ o o o-o o ::

'•

:

And

afterwards?

^fitxi^

hwdlass?

wards we came back ^^A*^ :

••

— Well,

4'
:••

after-

hwaldmma

tamallasna.

Very

well! (all right!) ?i(1k Issi!

(-si).

ng:: bajja!

Well

(bdj-).

off (well provided for), adj. ^A<w>?:

alamanna

(alaman-). well,

s.

7-Jt^j^ giidgwdd (giirgw-

hn^^' Szaqt (§ 8). How deep is the well ffurgwdd GO well, get,

v.i. ^*i

(S \o

?

§ 7f?

;

§ 8).

T-Jt^j^-'^CH^w**: /iT^siiD-::

/ooo

nau ooo

556) irzfmatu sfnt!

?

dana.

i'Tf AflH

tasdlau (tas-

;

impers.

§

43a).

WEL— WET

395

He

(it) will

get well: ^Jt*?^"- yjdfnal,

tidinallac, pol.

^^^l^--

yiclinallu.

^j^'TA^k

f.

^

He°(it) will not get well: ^^j?:^J^»_aidfnim,

h^

f.

^19°''- attidfnim, pol. ^ip.J^V-l'^K^aidfnum.

He

has got well: JtXA« dfnoal, nallac, pol. ^'t^^-- dmaual. (it)

well-behaved, adj. fl'+'H yiitaqatta well-born, adj. flAfl^ balabbdt

(§

9^d^'n mirdb {-iv

s.

wet, adj. KCT'fl frtib

CT-n wet,

'

v.t.

it

iXx^fD*

:

Don't wet wet,

14, s.v. ^'H).

-ail-).

§ 8).

;

(-iy).

ritib (iv).

ndkkara O O O

Vh
Wet

Jt'?A^« di-

(§ 8).

well-fed, adj. T^ifl? tigabaiifia (-ay-,

west,

f.

it:

"•

(nakkiira). ^ O

'

nikarau. o o o

^'l-^h^fl^" attinkarau. o o O

be or become,

rdttaba (-aya

v.i. d.a\(\

[?i>rt (i)rasa

;

§ 63(f, e).

(§ (33<^, e).

(weather) HVO zannaba

The ground

When

is

(-aya).

wet: <J."^s^TO.Aw niar>et

the cloth

wet: 6ti.C*

is

:

/ICft

•

rdtyftal.

c4rqu

sirfs.

wet (weather) rUfH-n bizany (-amb). wet season, s. \\^9^^ kfrdmt {% 8). If

it is

wether,

••

:

s.

••

0*7 miikkit

bag

(yag).

tfW'Vl^ miikkit.

wetted, be,

He

v.p. (get

:

i^Vh^ tandkkara (-nakkiira).

'hVlfl/^^ »

tanakroal,

pi.

i'Vh

tanakraual. o o o

has not got wet

(it)

ram,

v.i.)

has got wet

(it)

He

wet,

pi. -h4-l'"K

:

h^^'iYi^,r* » altandkka-

-karum.

be wetted: ^^hC« yinndkar, pi. not to be wetted: hf^'itiC-^ ainndkar,

It is to

-<•« -ru.

It is

pi. -<-» -ru.

Mind

it

pi. -4-

doesn't get wet: h'J^^ihCs ndainndkkar, SI

-ru.

»

!

WET— WHA Wetterly

what ?,

396

rifle, s.
wacaf "'o.

inter, pron. 9"^ min

?

9^'i^C mfndir ? 9^'i^Tf mfnclin (-nn

See

What

15.

(do you say)? S^'JshAOK min alh?,

^lATis

What

min

ri-v.

is it?

What

is

mfnu?

••

name

the

'itD'

mfndir nau?

of this place? j&Usft^P^sftflo-s

yfhe sifra sfmu mdn-nau o o o o

:••

r-ii

f.

min dlu?

als?, pol. {^"JsKA-k

9"'i^C'''iahii

*^'i

§

§ 6).

?

•^

And what about

—

intensive, 9°^

What What

a lot!

yihassa?

(s.y. -tl, -h).

min with parts of Mlfi q.v. 9"'}!^UA.-Vid-:-. min yahl nau! !

^V

^Ldil

'-

9^1

'-

^OA A

:••

min yahlal

pron. f- ya-

rel.

^O^s

?

a (large, small) horse

yihe faras

what,

this

(q.v.)

pref to simple perfect.

f 9"- yamm(i)- [hJ^- (i)mm(i)-] pref to

contingent.

The above are nom. & ace, &pl. Tell

me what he

said

:

;

see

^ Aa>-^

§§

:

sg.

14,62.

11^ «

ydlaun

(§

7a)

nigaraii.

Do you know what

they eat? f'^nA-^•J;^fl^+
AUk yammiyalutin I forget

what he

(it)

(-miy- §7c?) tauuqauallah?

does: f '^^^C'Ioh^ ?i^^U«^ :

yammyadargaun irassahut That

is

not what

I

(§ 63f/).

asked: JE,UV'>:^Amf4»l^J^K

hannan altdyyixqhum.

What

kind of? P»^?i»- yetiiinau?

rrf

minififia? o o

(S \0

(§§ 8, 15).

15). /

yi-

»

WHA—WHE

397 what's-his-name, indef. pron. Call what's-his-name

s.

M^Tr

§

?,

(§ 16).

makww-;

(rwiho-

8).

wheel-handle,

when

{i)ntin

mankwwrakwur

aolYip^it'C

52a,

(§ 16).

Tt^-f-^.-T^flH:: nt'^on tfrau.

:

what's-its-name, indef. pron.

wheel,

(f)iit^o(n)

h'i-f-['i]

s.

aonaad^ mazzauwdrya

adv. tn*^ mdc> e

(-war-).

?

ao^ macii ? o

When

does

he

(will)

come?

(it)

<wi^ jtrwi") ••

A

mdc> ? e yimdtal •'0 o O When did he (it) come ? ao^ aot^ « mac^e mdtta ? •

••

when, conj.

(qv.) pref. to contingent (§45); tense is not distinguished. s(i)-

ft-

simple perfect followed by

ba-, pref. to

fl-

%k giz^e. See

When he comes When he came: When you clear ti^'t**i

:

^UVJ

!

(l^aot^

:

fliwi^

s

-.

48a.

§

simata (sim-

1.11.

••

bamdtta o o • •

§

Id).

jirfz^e.

Oo

the things away, leave this '^fllfl^

::

|qa

(§

}\^ «

:

52a, 8) sittanasa, yi-

hannJin tduau. o o it when you cleared the things ft;^W hAf (/a>-T*/i fqa sittandsa

Didn't you see

away?

?ij^

«

aMyyahaummwf?

—

::

;

(s.v. flJJi).

before a negative verb use (§§

37c, 45)

When

I

am

yaln^dr

(§

;

tense

is

-fl-

b(i)-

not distinguished.

'MtU:nATC: [^ATC: saln^^dr = before

(was) not here; 7a)

;

pref to cont. tazzfh I

am

(was)].

—

may be rendered by

putting the verb of either

the subordinate or the principal English clause into the

gerund

(cp. §§ 65a, 74) in

Amharic.

:

WHE— WHE When

398

have seen them

I

:

I will

come

(back)

:

hf,

B^^ahihe/ofltHhi- aiccdccau imatallau'^. o o o o o •

When

drink they walk into the water:

cattle

h-n^ i-ohV :

:

l-n-f^

:

JZ.m'H

AK

kaft

(§

52a, 8) tauhd,

ffavt^'^o yitattal.

whence?, adv. hP»^ kayet? i-P-^tayet?

See

where

^> Where Where

is is

47a.

(D^^ wwd^et?

adv.

(to)?,

§

yet?

he (it)? P»ih!Vfl>-K yet nau? he (it) to be found? ©^ihs^iAK wwd^'et

alia?

Where has he (it) gone to? Where do you come from? timatallah o o

P'-^srh.^:*.

yet hdda?

i^^^'-'taoflliVn tayet

?

•

where, conj.

—expressed by the relative

-fl^ -bbat

(

= in

it,

§

47a)

;

62)

and

but, except after a

negative, indirect questions direct form

(§§ 14,

may

retain their

(§ 78).

Ask him where he

(it)

is:

^ Afl^^ mj&+i»- k ••

yal-

labbatin tayyiqau, or

m^+fl>- P»^ ••

••

'lOh :: tay-

yiqau yet nau.

Ask them where he (it) has gone to f rh.^rt^'} m^^^a>- K yahadabbatin I

tayyiqdc-

cau, ' or o

ai^^^ahifD^^ rh.^« tayyiqdccau wwdyet hada. Ask him where he (it) comes from '•

'h'^0Dfn(\^''}

-mim-

••

§ 7c?)

mf,*^ah

»

immimatabbatin (im-

tayyiqau, or

mf>^ahii'^^'-f,irDfi\^i: tdyyiqau tayet yimdtal.

«

WHE— WHE

399

know where he

I don't

(it)

is; fM[^'i'-hfiah^9^i'.

yallabbatin alauqim.

They

don't

know where he

has gone to

(it)

:

f rh.

^(\^'i'-h^(D'^9"i- yiihadabbatin aiauqum.

He

refused to say where he

came from:

p£iD«ifl^*'J:

ahnnaofo^arimm hATlCJ^-'^A:: yiimattabbatin oo o o o o o •/

whether, conj.

•

•

ii- b(i)-,

pref to contingent

M^iri

(f)ndah^^on (-dah-;

(§ §

dla. o

45).

8) q.v., fol-

lowing contingent or gerund. I

know whether you

don't

return:

will

'ii'l'imtitii

h^Oh'^V^ii bittimmallas alauqim. io o o o I

must see whether baorann

can find some:

I

know whether

I don't

hf{ah^9^

fl^4*J^•.:

Go and

AdLA^K

i:

go: hth.j^ih'i^ir'i'-

I shall

ihad ofndah''on alauqim. 'o o

o

know whether he went:

I don't

fl7^-*

lifdllis:.

rh,A^:?i'}^l/"j8^A

hid''ondah''on ahiiiqim. O 'o o

see whether dinner

h^'lr •.'l'fl^fi:^.h'if!^ir'ii: hid

dah'^'on (tasanart''6ndah''on

See whether there

is

ready: th.^-'hf*-

is i

irdt tasiinadit^^dn§

7^).

a hole (are any holes

in it: #wlCl^^fl^! +^i^

••

§

52a, S)

marmirau qao o -^o

h'J^Anil'::

ddda ndallabbat. o Whether he comes or not, I shall go: f^^mij: (10"} if^f^aom-dvn •.^nh.^^'^:'. yammimata vili^on yammaimata vih^'on, Oihadallau^ o o O O See whether there is water or not <»•'/ aoT^'i'i •^

•

'

•

:

wtiha man^^ oruninna

p^0o'M<^'i^.aDcr*C'.''

72a) yalaman^' drun

whet-stone,

s.

ao/t^ masdl aofi^

(§

37a) marmir.

(§ 8).

masaya

(-aia).

Alf -t lah^otJ'e

(§ 8).

«

(?5 30,

WHI—WHI

400

which?, inter, pron.

P»'t

yetu?, ace. ^'Pl yetun?,

f.

P»;f:

yetwa?, ace. ^^"i yetwan?,

pi.

Ki*

(i)nn>etu?, ace.-*'} -tun?

yetfnnau?,

P»^?i»-

-niiaun?,

(§ 8),

nStu?, ace.

^^^ji*

f.

-PTf

-?!»-'}

ace.

yetin-

p.^'^¥

-tun?, pi.

yetinndccu?, ace. -^t -ccun?, or

P«W^

yetinnoc?

8

(§

-cc

;

ace. ^^"^"^"i yetinnOccin o o

«/

§ 6),

?

two or more) l^^ah manndc(c)au?, ace. -^Ohl -c(c)aun?, f. *^

(of

mannac(c)''oitu?, acc.-i^^

*i'^Ji'l2

-tun?, pi. '^'i"^?''f

mannac(c)au-

-oc (-^F*^ -c(c)-o-oc?,

-cc §°6),

ace. -'^1 -ccin? o

See § 15. Which horse has he saddled ? yetun faras cdna ?

^'\^1 d,dil ••

In indirect questions the relative

be used

Go and <{.^ft

!

(§

(§§ 14,

62)

••

'^V k

may

78a, 6):

see which horse he has saddled:

*^Va>- s rK.Jt

!

f-^'P'is

yetun faras cdnau hid

?»J& K

i,

or ^*^'iah'isd.d.tliduf^V-''h^ii yacdnaun faras h£-

dah which,

rel.

i,

(§§

65«, 74c).

pron. P- ya-

(q.v.)

pref to simple perfect.

f {^- yamm(i)- [hr*- (i)mm(i)-] pref to contingent.

The above are nom. & ace, sg. & pL; see §§ 14, 62. The horse which was (has been) saddled is come: ^^''^^ah yfmta.

s

d^dtl

••

f,9"fn •^

n

to

yatacdnau fdras o o o o *'

•

:

WHI—WHI

401

Let him bring the horse which was (has been) saddled:

^-t'^'uD-l-iLdfl'- ^n-f!,9^m'.'

yatacd-

naun faras yfz^'o The horse which he (has) saddled is to come: f «^Vfl>- d^dtl ^9"^ K yiicdnau faras yimta. Let him bring the horse which he (has) saddled yfmta

yfmta

••

^Ldti

••

JiH f,9^fn ••

is

being saddled come

«

yjimmiccanau

Let the horse which '^'lah

yiicanaun faras yfz^ o

:••

^H).

(s.v.

i

^H).

i

'-

f «^Vfl>-'>

(s.v.

d,d{l

^J^'H

•'

:

f '^

(Ji'T.'^iVflH

e

immiccdnau -mic- S 7d) fdras yfmta. I don't want the horse which he is saddling fTL 'T'VcD-'>.^^ri:AiA
:

;

•

^d,^P'fah-

'•

n4*A"'T'

•'

f^iK^

«

yjimmalfalligaccau

vdql'^oc yfhidu.

Take

do not want: Tii* ?i'^A^A;i*rfl>-'>.-n4'A-'f-:fl>-rtJ?^'Pi»-:: in>e mmal(pi.)

away the mules which

I

wiisadwdccau. falliordccaun bdciT'dc oO ^ o o

o

O

Where

o

are the boxes which arrived yesterday?

1'A'}'l-.f^^fr'|2:^T'r'T«ai^^:'i''/'fl»-::

tilant

ya-

wwd^et ndccau? darrasutu sdtin^^oc o 'O O O while, conj.

ft- si-,

hS-

pref to contingent

[?iP-] Tyyil- (q.v.),

(§

45,

§ 4:8a).

pref to simple perfect.

Let them sit down while they wait siqwwyyu (siq- § 7c?) yiqqamatu. Let them sing while they work:

:

rt.'fcp:j&4*<w»/n-ss

^frt<-s.6Tf
iyyasarru yfzfanu.

whip,

s.

(small) htKlp alanga.

(large)g•^¥jfraf(§8). (driving) AM.GH.

(ll)

aoH^ mdnja. 26

WHI— WHI whip,

402

l^i^ garrafa (gar-).

v.t.

Whip him

(it)

**l^d.ah « gfrafaii.

:

h^ldd^Ohn attfgrafau. Did you whip him (it)? Id^Oahn garrafhau? Don't whip him whipped, be,

He

(it)

(it):

v.p. •i'lCd.

tagarrafa (-gar).

has been whipped:

'MC^A«

tagarfoal, pi.

•h1C
He

(it)

will

be whipped

J&7^4-A « yiggarrafal,

:

pi.

f^l^A-lV « yiggarrafallu.

He

(it) is

be whipped: ^I^^h

to

yiggaraf,

pi. -f-K

-fa.

He

(it) is

not to be whipped: h^ld.^-A aiggaraf,

pi. -4-i' -fu.

whisper,

v.i.

& t.

ankwcusakkwojsa.

G.

h'i\to7\\\p'S

S.

hllShT!^ ans'^okass'' oka. o

Whisper: G. S.

^'>h<»^W'7i»

ankwwsdkwus.

hmh&rii^ ans^okasiik.

Don't whisper G. :

h;^'>y^•7f W-'fi «

S. ^;^'}?*•^l?f.1fl::

He

whispered this to me:

Y\'Yi!^h'^\}i S.]

(G.

whistle,

s.

;

attans-okasuk.

ff,\)'il-hl\\-7\\t1^'.

[G.;

V7^^« yihannan ankwwsdkwus'^o

ans'^okdsk^^'o S.

(sound)

attankwcosdkwiis.

)

naggaran.

^fiti.^ fiiciit.

(instrument) 00*?^^ matrya. whistle,

v.i.

hi^e^ afwacca. S.

hCG^

afocca. •

G.

o

hl^GBL anfwacca.

W:hA fyu (fyuu) ala (s.v. VflA, 44a). Whistle: S. hC^^ dfocc, pi. ^Cctb:: afoccu. §

G. hl^'"^'.' dnfwac,

pi.

hl'CGSbv^ anfwacu.

WHI— WHO

403

Don't whistle:

h^C^Ekn

S. ^i;^fi:*P•K attdfocc, pi.

attafdccu.

G. ^;^'}^V^'K attdnfwac,

pi. ^;^'}

^6tfeK attanfwdcu.

white, adj. V*P' nacc (nacc).

White white,

Nile,

s.

VT-s^O^: nacc dbb^

be (become),

v.i.

(§ 8).

V"! natta.

Whatever a black man may do he will never become white T*C hA^C riflA h^V^r « tiiqur ••

:

dssir vivdla

•

•-

ainatam

[lit.

he should eat ten

if

(men's food)],

white of eye,

'J/Z.V.-'P^

s.

white-haired, adj.

who ?,

&

ace. *^V'>

mdnniin?

§

8

;

m^dra

9)

(siv-, -at-;

52a,

8).

§ 8).

pi.

also

-nn

§ 6),

ace. JiV^^VJ (i)nna-

*l'i

'i

(JiA*^- illamd-).

Who

came? '^'i aoft] man mdtta?, #w>nv innamdn mattu ? o :-.

-•

•"

(§

man (-nn § 6), ^V^^ (i)nnaman?

nom.

pi.

mdnmin?,

{h^*^'i illdmdn?,

(-nil; §

sibatdm

'li(\^^9^

pron. sg.

inter,

Sna

00

pi.

M*^**-'

62)

may be

•

In indirect questions the relative

(§§ 14,

used:

Did you see who came? f<w)^'}:^ifO:s yiimattan dyyah?, ... who (pi.) came? f<w>nV'7.* ... yiimdttun ...?

who,

rel.

pron. f-

yix- (q.v.)

prefixed to simple perfect.

f J^- yamm(i)- [hJ^- (i)mm(i)-] pref. to contingent.

The above are persons

;

The man who fiOhs

see

all

numbers, genders, cases and

§§ 14,

62.

killed the soldier

:

fll;^^<•'>

wwttaddarun yaji^addalau

(S

••

^IfJiOh

8) sau.

26—2

-.

«

!

WHO—WHY

404

The soldier who killed the man: f^(D/i'^lf.^ahs (D^^C sauun yagaddalau wwttdddar. The man whom the soldier killed: at^^C f ^^Afl^f s

•-

wwttaddar yagaddalau

flOh:

The

whom

soldier

man

the

(§

8) sau.

killed: rta^!f'I^Afl^^

Do you know flj;''A4-'>

!

man who

the

f 7^Afl>-7

run yagaddalaun

:

rtflJ-

(§ 8)

••

killed the soldier?

;^a^+'PAU

sau tauuqauallah ?

Did you know the man whom the fll;^^C s P7^Afl>-'> !

yagaddalaun I

fioh'S

wojttddda-

:••

^ah-^ah

soldier killed

iflC

--

:••

sau tauiiqau nabbar?

(§ 8)

?

wwttaddar (§

33«,^).

who went did not see him (it) hi f rh.jfV- KA ^0*^9^ mJe yahadhwti alayyahutim, pi. h^s •

:

•*

••'•

^Af ifl^9" K ifiM yahadna alayyanaum. down you who have come: h'ii'i^aD^ViAah'.

Prh.jt^

Sit

•'

't'^oD^

t^

••

::

anta yamattah

^oofHi^O'

!

rt?*^-

••

(§ 8)

sau taqdmat,

'i'^aom' K

illant

pi.

M

yamattac-

cyuh {^7d) sau^'oc taqdmatu.

Come

on,

you Avho are coming

immittimata ndkk'^o! o o o o *

>-Vi

••••

s.

"Mi),

^

n

'.

Vln

"h^^^aoab:

pi. \.

*

{^^C

f^a^C dimmur ;&rAjfmla.

why?, adv. (asking cause)

dfmmir).

hM^l

silamfn?

(asking object) A9"7 lamin? (expressing

^Gh

did you do

raghau?

surprise

B \9°hah k]

See

Why

h^^^ao^

immittimatu nukk^'^o o o o

o

whole,

(s.v.

!

§§

or

(§ 8).

annoyance) 9^1 ^

mfnnau ?

15,47a, 78a.

it? A?"'} « /i^^*7i;aH «

(-•7*fit»-K

(§ 8).

-gx^u* -kkau

lamfn adar-

§7rf).

:

!

: !

!

WHY—WID

405

mji+io- A?" ^ hft^7(»- :: tayyiqau lamin adarragau.

Ask him why he did I don't

Or

it:

:

:

know why he did

hfioh^r ^r'i

it:

.

•

^loh a aldutiqim lamf n adarragau. 9°^ min may be the object of the gerund of dla

(s.v.

VflA,

Why should

I

ladrigau?,

hf!.

hli

44a)

§

do

it? 9"'>:'nP»:AjtC7fl>-K

r'i^^^n^'i^M^Claht''

pi.

min biyye min bllan

innddrigau?, (§27).

Why

should he go? n.-ilit-.^iK^.', min

yfhid?, pol.

yfhidu

why!,

interj.

&

bil^^o

^^!'nAa^.•^rh,^» min bilau

pi.

?

(advancing reason)

-mma

-*^

(§ 8).

(expressing surprise) h^. ara

A child

couldn't do

it

:

but

Ag- ^Je,^•Aa^9" T hCCh^ :

I

'Ih

he, why, he's^a

A*

nau never saw him (it)!

irsiimma

Why,

••

tilliq (§ 8)

••

'lah «

man

U aicilaum j

!

h<: s /lAf l^^r k dra,

aldyyahutim

Why, you've had a wash

!

hiH-^Tdf^'.- dra, tatva-

hal!

wick,

s.

VlC kirr.

wicked, adj. *1^ kffu wicked, be (become),

wickedness,

s.

1fl4«^

wicker-work bag, wide, adj.

s.

(kiifu, ktifu, v.i.

§

h4- kafFa

kffdt

(kiif-,°

htiM

7d). (§ 636?, e).

kiif- §

7d;

§ 8).

ak'^ofdda.

rt
(dC^9^

wardam

wide, be (become),

v.i.

(woJr-

§

7d;

§ 8).

rt4- saffa.

It is (too) wide: /iA4-A« yisafel, pi. J&A4-A-K yisafallu.

WID—WIN

406

not wide (enough)

It is

-4-9^1'

widen,

-fum. asaffa.

v.t. A»rt4-

Widen

it: ^ft4-a»-K dsfau, pi.

Don't widen width,

(dCH:

s.

h^rt4-9"5s aisafam, pi.

:

ward (wwrd

ti4^^ sifat

What

h^ili-ahs

it:

§

hti^-^a dsfut.

-^^k

attdsfaii, pi.

(§ 8).

width? iDC-^:ft^^:Vfl>-s wwrdu

is its

-fat.

Id).

sfnti o

o

nau? o

What

is,

tl4-'P

wife,

roughly, the width of the river? (DTrHs

9°'i

•'

i

^V^s'iOh

v.

wwnz

sifatu

min yahl nau?

G. J^Ti^ mist.

s.

S. 9^tl^ mist.

Is

it

his wife? G. rfi-P-^^y- mfstu nat?

mfstu nac? o

S. J^ft*:*^:-.

wild, adj.

^ddV yabaraha

Wild beast (§ 8),

wild dog,

s.

wild

s.

fig,

see

:

§

-Mrf-A

(yaya-;

hC*B dur^e 52a,

§

4:7a

;

= of the

7d), pi.

(§

country).

h/^'^^ arSwit

8.

takwiila

(§§ 8,

52a,

8).

(Ficus sycomorus, Broun, Cat. 533)

fl9"fl

bamba. (Ficus vasta) (Ficus win,

v.i.

&

t.

(game, case) [?»]^;^ (battle)

I

©Ch warka

(wcur-, 'PC- wdr-).

sp.) ?*"A s'^dla.

^A

s

(i)rdtta.

hf^^l dil adarraga.

^AsV*^ dil nassa. won two dollars from him over a bet

:

fll/A^J-flCe

't'lD^CK ^;^^^^ « bahulatt! yirr taiiwrdrijjJ e rdt•'

tahut.

He won

his

bauojmbar

Winchester

case {%

in

court:

8) fit ratta.

rifle, s. oirT'fi'hC

wasastiir.

i{ai9^dCi^^iC^vi

WIN—WIP

407 wind,

nffds

14^(1

s.

Violent wind wind,

hohUr'- aul'^o.

:

(wind oneself,

v.i.

round, It

(§ 8).

fl-

ba- (ya-

winds round

it

i'maomaD tatamattama,

v.r.)

47a).

§

;

ftm<wimJ'"fl;^AK yittamattamfbo o o o o

:

•

»'

•

•

•

•

batal, pi. ^a\aoa\ao'(\^^'.: yittamattamiibbatal.

wind,

aioDmaD tamattama, round,

v.t.

Wind

it

(them

flilT'TJ^fl^::

§

Ola) round him

tamtimibbat,

fl-

(it

pi.

ba- (va-:

;

them

§

^

47a).

52a, 8):

m9"T-fl^K tam-

timubbat. •o o

Wind

it

round your arm: fl1n'>JtU:m9"T#wia^K ba-

kindih tamtimau. o *o o o o •

wind, break,

v.i.

(of persons)

*fc4*-*^iA

quqq

dla.

(of animals) ^^'-hti tatta dla. S.v. J(\^,

wind

(up),

(clock, etc.)

v.t.

§

trofi

44a.

malla.

T»A m^^dlla.

Wind

it

up

:

?"Afl^ « milaii. ao'/[ahi'.

Don't wind

it

up:

miilau.

h^9^f[ah'.'. attimlau.

h^ao'fiahi'. attfmiilau.

Wind up

the clock (watch)

:

rt'J'f-">!?"Afl>-»

sadtun

mflau. o

Don't you wind

it

l^AOJ- T Ai ih9^^

window,

s.

:••

up, bring

aotlYi^ mask^'ot

wine,

s.

mS tajj

wink,

s.

t4»^

wink,

v.i.

wipe,

v.t. ^iflrt

(tajj).

tiq(is)sa.

m+rt taqqasa. abbasa.

(Dliatli

it

to

me: hti'^h^

anta attimlau, lan> e anta (§ 7d).

walduwala.

(§

o2a,

S).

WIP—WIS Wipe IT

it

408 :

"htiiioh « fvasaii. O

•

O

O

h'dCiahii abbisau. o o

(D^ahtiohK walwiilaii. o o

Don't wipe

it

with this (that): (\ILV h^dfioh a baz'•

OO'OO^

zih attivasau fli

Afl^Aa^ »

wiped, be,

v. p.

(... ^i;^'flrtfl^:•• ...

...

h^

attiwalwulau).

...

;^nrt tabbasa.

tawalauwala

i'iDtUDti

must be wiped

It

attabbisau, oo'

(taua-).

j&;^nft « yittdyas, pi. -flA- k -yasu.

:

j&fDAoiA:: yiwwahval, pi. -atdrs -walu. o

wire,

TiO sib^^'o (siV'o).

s.

t/lAh

silk. o

tftAtU silki (Tna.).

wisdom, '

s.

Tfl'fl

(tfvav). tibab -O -O' O o V

•

'

wise, adi. Tflfl? tibabaiina (tivav-, -dn-). ^i*P*fe

awdqi

(aud-).

v.i. i^mflfl tatdbbaba 9^"^^ minnot ("§ 8).°

wise, be,

wish,

s.

wish,

v.i.

^^^ fiqad '

&

t.

&.h1 <(.4'^

Do you

f

(

„

(-ay a).

).

alla«a. o

o^o

faqqada.

wish to?

^
tifalligallah?, pol, f,

<{.A;iA-K yifalligallu?, pi. ^^CAjaA^ii- « tifalligal-

laccyuh?(§7r/)!

Don't you wish to? ^^^A*??":: attifalligim ?, ^ije-^CAT-?":: aifalligum?,

pi.

K'Th^CAT-ru

pol.

attifal-

liofum ?

As you

Avish: ?i^^¥^j?:Uk ndafiqddih, ^^^jp.. ndafiqdda^o (§ 12&).

If you wish

pol.

(it): -fl^^CA*?* bittifdllig, pol.

bifalligu (bif-

§ 7c/).

"t\lf^

n^CAT-.-

!

WIT— WIT

409

him

I wish to see

ligallau^

(it)

APflH--h^K laiau

:

Id), pi. A'TeiD-sh'J^CAjjA^K

(§

ifal-

linnSau

nnifallkfallan.

Arfi.^!?i
I

wish to go

I

Kii.^phl linnhad innifalligallan. do wish we had gone! fliP---flrh.j?:V:: wwyyo yahddnao

:

pi. A^rh.j?:

witch,

s.

fl"-^

:••

!

biida.

asmatdnna

i\t\°l'\r^

(-t^n-).

with, prp. (accompanying) h- [+-]

.

.

.

pC

:

ka-(ta-)

.

.

.

gar

(;i^gara; §8; §476).

h [+-]...: H^Jt ka- (ta) Zand

(§

476).

h'flt? dbr''

o (ayr-

with pers.

He

is

to go with

yihid,pl.

Did he come ta?,

f.

with

ger.

t

Did he come

34)

...yfhidu. ?

h'HC^'-initn'^ dvr'^ot

mat-

&

pi.

? mdttu dvraut o o

::

•

•

with her? ii'd^^'-oD"} « dyroat mdtta?,

h'il^^itrDm^'-'' dyrat mdttac?, pol.

§

suff. § 12c.

hil^iD". trom'-'i".'- dyrau mattac?, pol.

ti'ddah^ troob

f.

him

;

+^:;iC-'j&rh.Jt» tan^e gar

me:

...je.rh.^.::

...

&

pi.

h'dd

mdttu? dvrauat o o •

•

Did he come with them (him,

pol.)

h'tl^^^ahtaom :;

?

th'tl^^ahsaofn'^ti avrdccau mdtta?, avrftdccau o o o •

mdttac?, pol.

&

•

•

'

pi.

^•fl^'P^fl^!<w>m•K ayraudccau

mattu?

Did he come with you? f.

h'Q^V-'t/Dfil^ii

d(D*Oiaoin*i'

h'tiCVientm

:*•

ayrah mattac?,

avrauh mattu?

ayr^oh matta?, pol.

&

pi. K-fl

WIT

410

Did he come with you mdtta?,

h-H^ti'-aDfl^i: dvras mattac?, pol.

f.

pi. h'dd.Oh'fi'-aDfnri-

r^^o^t matta?, o •

&

(pol.)? ^'flr^f

^

:

<w>'n

s:

dy-

h'tl^f^ioom'^.'' avrsTo mattac?,

f.

o

•

•

Ai-fl^a^F^ oDtn* K ayrau"" ot mdttu

pi.

&

dvraus mattu?

Did he come with you pol.

ayr^os

h'flCHnrDf'li'.

(f.)?

•

Did he come with you

•

•

?

(pi.)? ^'fl^'f l^ : <w>'n » ay-

rodccyuh (§ 7fZ) matta?, f. K'fl^^l^ ^w)"!^ ayrdccyuh mattac?, pol. & pi. ^i'fl^'P^a'S#w>m-K ayrau::

••

dccyuh mattu ?

He came f.

with me: h'tlG^-'Ootnn avr^on matta,

dyran mattac,

h'i\ln^''aotf\^i'.

pol.

&

pi. h-fl

dah^ioom'-.i dvrauil mattu. o o

He came f.

•

•

with us: h'dC'i

h'Qi-'i

••

0of]^

d(D''iierDm".i

'•

emffln

dyran mattac,

li

dvr^on mdtta,

&

pol.

pi.

^i-fl

dvraun mattu, o o •

•

•

Did you come with him? h'd^Oah: aDfm)'» avrahau mattah?,

K-fl^TiflHs^wi^TiK dyrasyumattas?, pol.

f.

h'ddah^i

aoobi-'

avraut mattu?,

aotti^o- K ayraccihut

mattdccyuh ?

Did you come with her? mattah?,

f.

pi. (§

h'tl^'^lh^: Id).

Y\'i[d.i^iaon\\)ii

dyrahat

h-flilTf^s/wi^Tf:! dyrasat mattas?, pol.

^'fl^^A^• oD^'^ih ayrdccyuhat (§ 7d) mattdccyuh ? Did you come with them (him, pol.)? h'ddV^Ohs h'fl^'P^ ! #w»ni« :: avrauat mattu?,

pi.

ss

aofiWi-

avrahdccau mattah?, f. h'Udyi^ah'- aotfl'dn o o o avrasdccau mattas?, pol. tt'd^'P^ahttrDOfi'' avrau•

dccau mattu?, o O •

•

pi. *

•

A'fl^^'A^fl^•<w»'^^l^K avrac-

cyuhdccau If

(§ 7d) mattdccyuh ? you come with me: h'il^O^i'il^ao'Us dyrahan

OOO-

bittimdta,

f.

^'fl
pol. h'ddah^iH.oDfn'i

ih^ 'fl^<w»m••

:

'OOOO-'

dvrasin bittimdc,

dyraun bimdtu,

avraccihun bittimdtu.

pi.

h-fl^^

WIT

411

you come with us:

If

bittimata,

OOO-

f.

h'tldWii'd^ao'']: dyrahan

-OOOo*

h'Ud'^'Tf-'d^aD'^: dvrasin bittimac,

dvraun bimdtu,

pol. h'ii^Oh'iitl.aomri

h'il^^

pi.

bittimatu. ihl'-'tl^aomr: avrdccihun O O O o •

•

go with him

I will

ihaddllau^

(§

h'Q&ah

:

^.^

ayfrr^eu

hth.fiti'h «

:

7d), pi. ^-fl^TriD- Ji'Jrfi.^A'J k ••

ayranau

nnihadallan. o I

go with her: h-fl^^

will

•

hrh.-^A'V-

fi'fl^V^-'X^rh.'^A'jK ihiidallau^, pi. * o

o

'

ayfrryat

•.*.

dvranat innio o o •

hiidallan. I will

go with them (him, pol):

avirrydccau ihadallau'\

^•n^^'a>--'?irh.^A'>^!:

pi. Ai'n^T'f-fl>-!?i'}Wi.-^A'}«

avrandccau nnihadallan. o o o I will

i»:o

with you

h'U&V

:

'•

?trh.^A'>^ k avirr> eh ihii-

d{illau^ pi. h-n^C^U sTi'Jrli.^A'} k dvranih innihiidalliin.

I will

go with you

(f):

Ai'n<J.*fi

or

ihadallau'\ o

pi. ?»'fl
:

Tirh.^A'*'^

:

:*•

dyirr^es

hTrh.^A'} « dvriinis innio o o •

hadalliin.

I will

go with you (pol):

r^e^

h-il^?*

'-htlu^ti'^'-i'-

ihadallau'\ pi. h'dd'i?* •h'ith.Hti'ii' ^ o

o

'

ayfr-

dvranat o o •

nnihadallan. o

go with you (pi): h'(\'^'^'ihi'hth»^ii'h ayirrydccyuh (§ 7r/) ihadallau'\ pi. h-dd'i'^'O'-h'ith^fi A7:: avrandccyuh innihadallan.

I will

:••

(possessing) flA- bala-

(§ 9c?).

The man with the tent (Xti^lWi baladiinkwan. o The woman with the sunshade: flATAsrt,^! bala••

:

tila (§ 8) s^et.

(by

means

of)

fl-

ba- (ya-

;

§

47a).

gerund of ^H ydza

What

does he sew

yisafaual ?

it

(§ 44c).

with? n9"^:j&rt4«'PA« bamfn

WIT— WIT What

412

does he sew with

yisafabbatal

Cut

with a knife

it

yfzah

min

it? 9"'>.•/&rt4«n;^A«

?

(Xa/Sa)v)

h^ ^HU :

:

'^^tnoh s karra

:

qwiiratau.

(manner) gerund, especially of compounds of h^ (s.v. VflA, § Ua).

The gun burst with a bang:

oitiTr'^i^i'tKt^'-d^Wi'-

tavanja arwa viP'o fanadda.

Do

it

with great care: n«19":'H*7:'flAO:hjtC'li»-::

batdm withdraw,

v.i.

zfo^gi

vflah adrio-au (ararau

^ 7c?).

(oneself, v.r.) rh.^ hada. ID") wwtta. fli"!^

He refused dimm dla,

wwggada.

to withdraw:

^Arh.j^i^-->iA«

h'}ih,^9"'h/k'ii

pi.

alha-

annhadimm

dlu,

(s%. VOA)!

withdraw,

v.t.

(dAz.

wassada

(wws-).

M^ anassa. o

withdrawn, be,

v.p.

+airt^ tawdssada (taud-,

-ws-).

i'V*^ tanassa. o

o

wither,

v.i.

^^4» darraqa.

withered, adj. f^d.^ claraq. (paralysed) fljt^ badin (badwithers,

s.

aop^^ magafya

within, prp. (of space)

fl-

(§ s

. . .

. . .

-nn

§ 6).

52«, y).

fl)-AT ba- (ya-, h- ka-,

+- ta-)

wust.

...

h-

;

••

nfl>-AT ka- {i-- ta)

(yd-, -l^iii-

;

. . .

b^wdst

§ 8).

n-...:*7n,ba-(ya-)... gibbi.

(of time (ta-)...

and distance)

h- [+-]...! id-^U ka-

W6idlh(-dfh; §8). "

See

§

476.

B

«

:

WIT—WOM

41

Within the house: i-d^ Ohii'? tay^et wtist. Within half an hour: i-Vl- A rt^^ fli^U takkul o ••

--

••

••

s

wwdih. sadt o without, prp. ^A- yala-.

G. hii-

ala-.

f A.Ani- yliP allabbat

39, 62).

(§§

See § 47a. Don't go without him: ^ACrt-!Ai^rh,Jt» yalarsu attfhid, pi.

I

am

-•?•:••

-du.

not going without you: ^A

yalanta alhadim,

A

pi.

...

W^ ••

h'ith.f^^^ «

.

.

.

Arh.Jt J'"

annhadim.

house without windows:
(§

o2a, 8) yal> alliibbat

In a house without windows alliibbat v^et. vaP mask^ot o o o '

8) y>et.

•

•

9^MlC misfkkir. o o o Have you got witnesses?

witness,

:

(§

r/oAlfi^: flA»Afl1*! fli^*

s.

y'AVlcr^-*^A'U:: misfk-

alluh? kir'^occ o witness, bear, '

'

v.i.

troflh^

OOOO^

masakkara

for: A-

la-.

agrainst

:

See

dAi"?

witty, adj.

wizard,

s.

ft"^

—

s.

o

fl-

§§

ba-

(va-).

47a, 71.

biida.

asmatdnna

(-tan-),

rt.^ s^et.

may be That

O'

bwaltaiifia (-tan).

htl*^i'''i

woman,

(-kiira),

expressed by using the feminine a pretty Avoman: ^^ iD-'fl « yac wtiy

is

••

:

nat.

Young Avoman:

'fc^/^ qwwnj'^'o, pi.

qwwnajit'^oc (-cc (-CC §

§ 6),

*fei3^jf -f^

also

*fe'i'jS"f'^

qwojnajajit^oc

6)!*

Middle-aged or oldish

woman

:

flA-t-Th

bdlt^et

(§ 8).

WOM—WOR womb,

414

'^hxmTr mdh(i)tan.

s.

'^m'} mdtan. o •

wonder,

J^^4» dinq.

(-fal, adj.)

s.

tdrik

;^^5*l

I think it

wonder,

wonderful

v.i. ^i*l*fl>-

(-rik).

^V*^ «

:

dannaqafi.

dannaqau (impers.

43a

§

;

§ 63c?, e).

wonderful, adj. *7^9" gfrum. It is

wonderful:

wonderful, be,

wood,

•74•j^sVfl^:••

^V*f*

v.i.

(§

8) nau.

dannaqa.

(substance) ?i'}6D?ih

s.

giriim

(i')ncyet [-fitt^ -cat],

(forest) a^J^*^ Aviidma.

^C It is

made

dur.

of wood: f "J^Efc"^

••

Vid- s

yanc^et

(§§

47a,

7a, 8) nau.

woof,

s.

<{.^A fatil

wool,

s.

fn*7.-mT^C yabag (-aya-;

woollen cloth, word,

s.

(fat-).

'^4'

s.

Vie nagar

§§

47a, 70) tagwtir.

maq.

(-gar).

;*'A qal.

See work,

s.

§

52a,

8.

i\^ sfra.

(employment)

The work

is

i'*7flC

tagbar (-gydr;

§8).

not finished: tl^ih^d,^9"ii sfra o

al-

fattam, or fl/J«.*hA+
^^

Has he "^ot work? i'*7flC-'^iAfl>-« Hard work: -MA^.- tfgflt (§ 8). It

taorvdr allau?

needs hard work: flMA^.•Va^:•.

batic^flti (S 7
nau. o

work,

v.i.

He

&

t. rt<5-

works:

pol.

&

sarra

(sar-).

j&A<5-A:-. yisdral, *^ »' O

O

'

f -Vrt^A^K tisardllac,

pi. ^irt^/V-:: yisarallu.

'

:

WOR—WOR

415

He

doesn't work: hj&rt^9"K aisaram,

&

attisaram, pol.

He

«niAJ|J'"srtC:f:AK

rtC;^A^::

...

f.

Mii^9"i'

h^fi^9^i- aisarum.

pi.

has worked well:

t5al,

f.

...

malkdm

sartallac, pi.

..!

sar-

rtC+
...sartaual. o

He

has not worked well:

kdni alsarram, pi.

^Art4-i^::

...

They

will

...

f.

...

malo

twiAhJ'^-'^iArt^^":-.

AiArt^-fi^s

...

alsarraccim,

alsarrum.

not work by the day but by the piece

n+'}.^J2,rt<.5'"Tnfl>-A:Vfl>-:?iT^Jl::

baqan aisarum,

baiil naunii. " O

O

work

I can't

until (unless) that noise stops: JRU*

6tfc*fi'>:'Hr.?ift'l:Asft^:^j&^A^J^:: yfhc cuhat

zimm o work

sfra aiccdlannim. o o o

istil

o

o

for, v.t. hliilii aj^alaorffala.

How many

years have you worked for him?

'ioD^-ihltil^Vahi'. sint o

him work hard,

(pol.)?

^i7A7A'/^'flH::

...

a<>:ala<»o:alhau

~oo~~o

o

?,'

...

agalaggalhaccau?

taggala.

v.i. :h'iti

He works hard

dmat o

illH'--

:

J&;*"7AA« yittaggalal,

pi. /i;^^AA•:•.

vittajj:j»alcillu.

He

doesn't

pi. -A-r-.:

workman,

s.

s.

'iti9^

worm,

s.

'^A

worn, be,

^tJ&;^^ A9°

:•

aittaggalim,

-lum.

A^i'? sarratanfia

world, '

work hard:

(sar-, -tan-),

dlam. o

til (§

52a,

i'iiQii v.p. 1

8),

usually f

(§

54c).

talabbasa. o o o o

How is it (are they nd^ et yillabbasal o o o

§

52a, S)

worn? Jt'J^^.-^AflAA::

?

•'

It is (they are

basim.

§

52a, 8) not

worn

:

hf!,fi(ill9^ n aillab-

;

WOR—WOR

416

worn out, adj. (of inanimate objects) These clothes are worn out ^ U :

yihe

worn

out,

liys (§ 52a, 8) wiirrdj

fl^^3f wiirrdj •

A-flft

••

Oh^^

••

(§ 8).

Vfl^ »

nau.

be (become), v.i. (of animate objects) ^hao dakkama. fMooo^ dakkamau (impers.

§

43a).

(of inanimate objects) hA4» dllaqa.

See It

is

§

63c?,

^A^Ak

worn out:

e.

alqoal, pi. A»A*f*
qaual.

He f

(it) is

worn

^h^;^AK

out

(tired)

:

^Vl*r*;^A « dakim"" otal,

&

dakimSatal, pol.

^Vi^^'PAk

pi.

dakimodccaual. o o

He

(it) is

old

and worn out: hdX'-^^^"

arajja,

ayaqqa (§ 74c). I am worn out: ^ViT^Ak dakim^oiinal, pi. ^Vl^P TAk dakim^onnal. o worried, be, v.i. & p. (troubled) ^Idoh caggarau (-garimpers. § 43a § 6Sd, e). ;

I

worry, worry,

am s.

worried

:

^Id^ «

-fpC ciggdr

v.t.

caggarafi, pi. -^1 « -ran.

(§ 8).

(trouble) htl^l^ ascaggara

(-gara).

(pester) VHVH nazannaza. \i o o o o /

Don't worry me: h^tl^ld^a attascaggiraii, -4-^

::

pi.

-run.

h^^mn^ K

attinaznizafi, ' o o o

pi. r

-H"^:: -ZUn.

Don't worry us: ^;^ft^*7^'^K attascaggiriin,

pi.

-4-'}k -run.

h^^infiUi-«•'}» -zun.

attindznizan, o o o

'

pL r

WOR—WOU

417

He

worries

(it)

me: ^ft^*7
yascaggirannal,

-4-?Ak -runnal.

R^WJH^Ass 'yinazannizafinal, O o o o pi. -fr^A « -zuiiiial.

•^

He

^ft^*7
worries us:

(it)

'

pi. -4-'i'Ak

-runnal.

JRVH'JH^Ak yinazannizannal, pi.

worse, be,

v.i.

h4- kdffa

-frVAw -zunnal.

(§ 63^?, e),

than, h- ka-, +- ta-

(§586).

He (it) is worse worship,

&

v.i,

worth, be,

is

:

h*b:l:AK kdft5al,

this

lal? (S,

lim

worth ?Vl^-'i^'>-' ^«'^ A « yfhe minyjih-

^hAA::

yakkilal), pi. ?iWUU.V'>:^UA/V-::

:

(S, Ai^lnA?":: a^Vikkilim), pl.-A-9"::

a dollar:

tikkul ydhlal (S.

would, v.aux. see

§

81c,

s.

f'flC*

^h A A « :

WfbA.-^UAA:: yiiyfrr

yakkilal).

J^'}4' VflC « ••

dinq ndbbar.

"l^ftA qwdsil.

v.t.

(tearing) Ai
(penetrating) fD^

Did you wound him

(it)?

wwgga

(it)

wounded me:

i^oi%-).

l\%(\^\)ahxi

(opVoh

He

-lum.

d

would be splendid

wound, wound,

(S, ^lflAA*» yakkihlllu).

worth that ^UVJ.-^^OAIP*:: yihanniin aMh-

It is Avorth half

It

-'h'PA « -taual.

(q.v.).

nnazzih min yahlallu? It isn't

pi.

rt7^ sdg<»ada (saggada),

^lhA akkala

v.i.

What

t,

It

aqwwssalhau ?

wwggahau?

h*fertA^:: aqwcJssalan.

atp^ii wwggan.

He

(it)

didn't

wound me

:

hA*fert A^?"

s*.

alaqwwssa-

lannim. o

h^(Dp^9^

K

alwwggan-

nim. o AM. GR.

(ll)

27

:

WOU—WRE wound,

418

be, v.p. 'ttnaomtro tatamdttama, round,

fl-

ba-

(ya-;§47a). It is (has

been)

wound round

it

:

i'(n9^'?'Pi\^^

:*.

tatamtim^dbbatal, O'O'O 0"0 o-"-pi. '^mi^'P<w>a^n;^ A » tatamtimaiibbatal. •o o O

wound

(up), be,

v.i.

&

p. (of clock, etg.) <w»A

malla.

T*A m^^dlla. Is

it

(has

been) Avound up? ao^^fi^n maltSal?

it

*r»A:tAK m^dltSal?

wounded, adj. ^llii^ qwuslanna (-Ian-). w ounded, be, v.i. & p. (torn) *fertA qwwssala. (penetrated) i'atp tawwgga (tauw-). See § 6Sd, e. Are you wounded ? i'W'l'f''/^ tauwgtahal ? Where are you wounded ? i'9"'}0s'fertAUK tamfnih o o o :••

*'

(§§

47a, 15) qwwssalh

woven, be, wrap,

v.t.

?

v.p. 'i'd^i'ti tafattala (-fattala).

(roll

up) ni'l'AA taqallala.

(cover)

Wrap

it

up

Tid.'i

sdffana

(saf-).

in a cloth: n£Q>C4>:ni4>AAfD<::

bacarq

taqlilau. loo

flcaC^

ff^^flj-

'•

::

bacarq

saffinau. O o

wrapped, be,

v.p. (rolled

up) '^m4*AA tataqallala.

(wrap oneself, ^ ^

^

v.r.)'

oooo

-Mf^CV tasafFana

(tiisaf-).

be wrapped

It is to

in a cloth

fleaC^'sJ&m^'AA:: bacarq yittaqlal. ncti.C4*!jiff<{.^::

wrapping-cloth, wrestle,

v.i.

wrestling,

s.

s.

bacarq yissafan.

<w»m4*A^ matacilaya

;^^A taggala. 'lh*7A tigil.

(-taq-, -iia).

WRE—WRI

419

wretched, adj. (of persons) '^pd^i ciggaranna (-ran-). (of animals and inanimate objects) *71^

wring

Wring wrist,

tammaqa.

(out), v.t. a\ao'^

s.

it

<w>A^

out

T<w>*|»a>- »

:

malUyya.

e^.-^-Jll- yajj

See

On write,

timaqau.

§

52«,

70) dngat (-gat).

(§

y.

his wrist(s): i\%--hl1^'' bajju angat.

v.i.

&

t.

^<2. tafa.

Q.

9^d, safa.

I will write: liT'f-A'^:: itifdllau'^

(§

Id).

G. ?iX'4.A'^::isifallaii^ O 'O o I will write it

?iT
:

I will write to

itifauallau^ o O 'O o

him:

?lT*PA;^A't^ « oitifillatallau'^ *o o o o

them

(him, pol.)

(§ ^^^Ci)'

I will write to

:

KT'PA^'PA'^

::

itifillaccaudllau^. o O 'O o

o

you write to you

I will write to I will

:

KT^hA'/A'V^

(pol.)

:

:••

itif illih;illau^.

hT^AfP^AV:-.

itffilla^o-

tallau'^.

I

want to write

I will

:

AT^

••

>i
not write: ^lAT'Pr « altifim.

I

wrote: ^^ih" tdfhu.

I

did not write:

Write:

^^k

hA^^iM^^K altdfhum.

taf

Don't write: K^^*P« attitaf

Have you written? T
27—2

:

WRI— XER writer,

s.

^^ G.

writing,

420 tdfi.

H^

T
s.

sdfi.

tifat (G. X"- si-; -fat).

Writing materials aotni^f matdfya (G. aoK- masa-). :

written, be, v.p. +^<(. tatdfa (G.

wrong, adj.

&

adv. (incorrect) l^i- gadafa.

wrong (not

That's

i'J^- tasd-).

correct)

n/*'^^?"

J&U:

:

••

^J2,A^A::

yihe yasiratimm aidal, or JiUsflflJ-AJ^sh^/^A:*. yfhe yaulimm aidal,

Or use

parts of

fi'\r

sata

You have counted sath

wrong,

wrong

s.

(-t-h,

not

(§ 7f/).

(q.v.),

to miss

Avrong: *feT^Us^^UH qwwtrah

-6, § 3).

fl^A bddal (badal).

(injury)

(incorrect), be,

v.i.

Ift^C

gaddafa (type

i'lf^d.Oh §

wrong

is

:

7j?:^

A«

i-Jj^C;*-

wrong, do,

He

v.i.

§

34).

tagaddafau (impers.

43a).

See

He

A

§

Q3d,

e.

gadfoal.

AK

tagadf^otal.

fl^A baddala (bad-).

has done wrong

:

flj^^A k baddiloal, pol.

&

pi.

flj^A'PAK baddilaual.

You have done wrong: nj^A'-f

wrung

Xenis

AAk

baddilaccyuhal

(out), be, v.p. i"m<wi*f»

sp.

sala,

(Blandford, Geol. usually f

flj^AVA:: baddilahal, pi.

(§ 54c).

(§

7d).

tatammaqa.

&

Zool. pp. 278, 279),

s. ?f

A

YAW—YES

421

paragraphs of the Grammar {Initia Amharica, Part I).

§ refers to the

yawn,

v.i.

hHp

azzagga.

Don't yawn year,

s.

^^

h^^p «

:

amat

(amiit

This year (adv.)

Last year

Next year (§

52a,

§

8).

H'Jj^C: zdnd(i)r^o (zan-).

:

(adv.)

;

attazzdga.

amna.

Y\9°^'

:

d'^aom'-'iao^i

(adv.):

bammimdta

02c) dmat.

Five years

i\9°h^ ^<w»^ ammist dmat. •*

:

Five years ago

«

;M^ft'll'

:

^<wi^i fl^l-s tdmmist

•

dmat

vdfit (^ 8

hjrft^ 'iao^ :

:

?i

;

^

e^Cl '

(§

la)

476). s

amat ammist o o

addrraj^a.

In

five years'

Every year:

How many

time fl<w>^

years

?

:

••

bammist amat. fl1* bdmiit ydmat (§ Id). til^ ^«ni^ sint dmat ? ({9°h^i*^ao^i ••

••

:

fitfeTi^ ciihat (-hiit § Te?).

yell,

s.

yell,

v.i. ^"""Ti

yellow, adj.

c^'oha

'fl**^

(§ 7^?).

bf9a.

hml dwwn (duwn, du&>); — after a negative question hoi means no (q.v.), and yes is ex-

yes, adv.

pressed by repeating the verb in the positive. Don't you like it ?— Yes h^(Df^ahr ii—haf^'P^'^ « :

attiwojddaum o o

Yes indeed! yesterday, adv.

?

—iwwddaudllau^. o

^M^ tildnt

o

o

hah'i^i'iahti

undt (§8) nau!

(§ 8).

^A'JI-'? tilantina. o o S. ^"^Tf^ tjnant (§ 8).

^«?'>^V tinantina. o o

YET— YOU

422

The day before yesterday: nant wcudya, or iPAft^Vs yet, adv.

'^^'i">^ : aijE^^ « tati-

salfst(i)na.

T? gana.

Haven't they gone yet ? T? K Arh.^*r*^ k gana ••

hadummwf Not yield,

v.i.

yet: (in

?

al-

(s.v. flJji).

gand

I'l'-'uD'ii

nau.

(§ 8)

war) 'h'^^h tamarraka.

(to persuasion) Kit-hli (i)ssi

(-si, -s^)

ala.

(to pressure) AflTs?»A l^batt (-aya-) dla.

AT.-^Vtt (laU)°%'

G.

S.v. J(\^,

+9"nc qdmbar

yoke,

s.

yoke,

v.t.

Ua.

§

(-bar).

(dMi wtusk^o.

yoked, be, yolk,

s.

tammada. i'mao^ tatammada. o o o o

mtmf!, v.p. *

•

htiy\^ askwal

(§ 8).

yonder, adj. ^ ya, also prefix

ya-,

fL9 (i)nnazzya (-naz-, 'h^-

nya

f.

^^

yac

illd-, -laz-)

(-cc), pi.

or "hX^

M

(|)n-

{Itxti} fllya).

See

§§ 8,

13a

yonder, adv. hM,^ kazzya

+H,^ tazzya you, pers. pron.

—see

§ 1

s.v.

;

that,

(ha-, -az-

(taz-

2a

;

dem. pron. § 8).

§ 8).

;

the disjunctive forms are

:

usually omitted unless they are

emphatic M-t^ dnta

(§

605).

(-ta).

hli^ ant^q.v.) f

hl^

dnci.

hlrh anc

(q.v.).

pol. ?iCrtP frsd^o

(Jirt- fssd-,

hCti frs^o, ht\9*, hfi fss°6

-hP ;

-s^o,

§ 8).

but less so than hCflf*, h'ii: dntu (see Appendix B § 12a).

pol.,

:

:

!

YOU

423 pi.

Ml^ illdnt (h'i

(Dnnd-;

8

§

-l-h

;

-nta, -nta).

&

(ace.

dat.) -0 -h,

-(a)^o,

-(a)?'1-

f.

suffix

-s,

pol. -(a)?»

§

7d); see

§

12c.

corresponding to hli^

is

-hwii or -U- -hu (-uh, after a

-•V-

vowel -u^

§ 7^/),

see App.

emph.) hli''} ant an

(ace.

-a^u-

pi.

-(a)^^ot,

-dc(c)ihu (-dc(c)yuh

The

H

B

§

12c.

(-tan),

f.

hlr^'i ancin, pol. hCA?''i irsS^on (hii pi.

iss&-, etc.

M'i^'i

§ 8),

;

hli:'} flntun,

illantin

{M-

(i)nnd-,

-Tri'l -ntan, -ntiin).

You

He

anta (§ 8) sau there saw you h^V « dyyiih. you (f): h^Hii dyyas.^ you (pol.) h??* ayyii^^o (h??*^ « hfV-K dyyau''. ^^i'sftoJ-::

!

:

::

:

you We saw you you you „

(pi.)

„

:

^ dyya^^ot).

h^-f i> K ayydccihu (-dccyuh).

:

h^'il) « fiyyanih.

(f.):

hf^Tl:: fiyyanis.

^

ayyiina^'o

(pol.): ^ifVi^'s

(-VF'^k

-na^t). h^'if-A ayyjin^o (TrP^''' -n^ot).

AifTV-K dyyjinhwu (-nuh). „

you

ayyandccihu (-ndc-

^fV-fihs

(pi.):

cyuh). I will give

you

it

(them

§

61a)

hrtmVA'V^:: isatahdllau''.

hrtTVA-V- K isatihdll^'^ (App. I will give

you

(f.)

it

(them

§

Gla)

XrtTTfA'^^:: isatisallau^

B

§

12c).

: :

YOU— YOU

424

I will give

you

(them

(pol.) it

61a)

§

'hiim9*h^'^i'• isatsTodllau^ O O

o

*

o

}lii(n9*^^'hi•. isata'^otallauK o o o

o

*

hf^'?Ph^'^i'. isat^oallauK o o o •

^lrtT?';^A'^ss isat^otdllau^ o o o

hdm'Xii'^

•

isatahwallau^ (isatauhallau^). \oo«o oo"o o O

''•

'

I will

give you

(pi.) it

hrt^^AAIr^

ss

(them

61a)

§

isataccihwallau^ (isataccyuOO* O O '•OO' •'

hallaui^).

They

will give

you

(them

it

61a)

§

:

j&rtnhVA:: yisa-

tuhal.

young,

adj. ^Trti tfnnis, intensive pis. ^'}'}7f tinfnnis, -TrV'^

-"W^

on

-nnis^oc (-cc o

S 6),

\

-nnis'^oc (-cc

^^tt titinnis, ooo'

very young.

§ 6),

^;^ s^Sta.

Young man:

^TihC* askar T^flTf

!

(-kar).

gwcJbaz (gvvwvaz),

pi.

also ^fl

HTIft^ gwwbazdzist (gwwva-

your, poss. pron. (addressing one) -aJP

-a^

-uh,

-u^ App.

-I)

-h,

f.

(fP -^o), --^ -hwti

(addressing

B

§

;

(-ih

-ac(c)ihu (-ac(c)yuh

§

yanci, pol. f Crtf* yarsa^o §

-hu,

-d-f l^

Id), (§ 125). f.

$1^

(§ 8),

^"J*

yours, poss. pron. (addressing one) ^^i* yanta,

B

pol.

12&).

more than one)

ydntu (App.

§ 8).

-Ti -s,

12a).

(addressing more than one) f A^l" ydllant or f VJI- yanndnt

See youth,

s.

(abstract) KtiXiCh^ 7^'fl'H'i'

(§ 8).

§§7a, 12a, 47a, 70.

askaWimat

(-kar-, -nat).

gwtibzjnna (gwtlyz-).

ZEA—ZIZ

425

§

of the Grammar {Initia Amharica, Part I).

refers to the paragi'apJis

Zea mays, zebra,

s.

fflrhC!*^7iA yabdhir (yayd-) masilla.

s.

f^^s^U^ yam^eda

ahiy(y)a (-dah-),

s.

52a,

and Z. spina-Chrlsti (Broun, 10 gdba (gaya).

Zizyphiis mucronata 105),

(§

Z. spina-Christi

:

YxH't'd*

S.

abattdr^'e (ay-,

*C*^

qurqiir(r)a.

8).

Cat.

-iittar-).

ABO—AGE

426

[addenda

ADDENDA. § refers to the

abolish,

v.t.

"Jf

^

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

sdra. o

abolished, be, v.p. i'fi^ tasdra (tas). It

ought to be abolished: ^TfC-'VACs yissdr ndbbar. o

It

ought not to be abolished: ^/i^Cl^sVnCK a^sdrim ndbbar. o o o

abolition,

abortion,

7i^^

s.

sfrat (-rat).

s. Ttfii sil (sil).

acquiesce,

v.i.

KlLihii flj^!

(i)ssi (-si, -s^) dla.

hii bajja (baj-) dla.

G. ^*?•'h^ S.

latt (latt) dla.

AflTs^A labatt

(-ava-) aJa.

S.v. J(\^, § 44a.

adhere, It

v.i.

+^n*l» tatabbaqa.

adheres:

JE.'nfl;^

A»

yittabbaqal,

pi. jl'nfl^A".:

yittabbaqdllu. It

does not adhere: h^^n4*i^K aittabbaqim, -*fejr*::

advantage, affection,

s.

s.

-qum.

^^ fir>e,

^^C

pi.

^d.P'^- fire^oc (-cc

ffqir.

affectionate, adj. *P4»
aged, adj. (elderly) 7i*^*7A. simagilPe

(-gil^e).

§ 6).

pi.

;

!

addenda] aim,

&

AIM— ASS

427

ddggana (dag-), at, fl- ba- (ya- § 47a). Aim at him (it) ^*7^n^K dagginibbat, pi. ^*7V-n^a v.i.

ftiV

t.

;

:

daofffinubbat.

Don't aim at him

h^fj^ld^n

(it):

attidagginib-

bat, pi. -*7>-fl^K -gginubbat. I

aimed at him

(it)

:

fj'iihd^ « dagganhubbat.

aim at him

I didn't

h^fJtU'd't'r

(it):

i-

aldag-

ganhubbatim. ~o o o aimed, be,

taddggana

v.p. i'^l'i

(-dag-), at,

alternately, adv. tl^d^d^Oh bayyafaraqau

be done,

alternately,

v.p. (occur, v.i.)

fl-

ba- (ya-

(§ 18).

i'A.^d^ tafarar-

raqa. O '^O alternately, do,

v.t. txd./^d.'P

A.d^ faraqa

alternation,

s.

always, adv.

at^G wwtr^o.

ant-hill,

anus,

s.

ascend,

s.

afFararraqa. (§ 8).

S. Xbf.fi kiiyyisa

52a,

(§

8).

(not S.) oo-CT murt. v.i.

W-fl-'AiA sfqqib

(-iy)

Does the road ascend? gadu sfqqiv yilal? Ascension,

s.

dCl^

dla

(s.v. VflA, §

44a).

#w»'}7.S.:Yi4*'fl-*/iAAK

man-

frgat.

aside, adv.

Move aside 1"^^ gwwdin assist, v.i. & t. hin aggaza (G. type A •-

!

Please assist us

:

§

34, S.

type

B

§

35).

pol. G. hft't^'JH"'} « istiyfgazun. S. htl±f*in''}:'. istiyaggizun.

Please assist them pol. G. htl't^l^^Oh a istiyigaz:

waccau. o S.

Ttiil^^n^^Ohii istiyagffizwdccau. On O

ASS—BEF

428

[addenda

assisted, be, v.p. ;^^H taggaza.

He

be assisted: J&^7Ha« yittaggazal,

will

Assumption,

21^^

s.

calendar), sometimes

f.

Vrhrt.,

s.v.

(§ 54e).

sfmbab (-av). o o o has asthma: ftj^fl'fl ^H;^A » sfmbay s. ft?"fl'fl

'

^

He

•

'

:

sfmbabdm (-aydm

asthmatic, adj. h9"({(\9^ attend,

&

J&;^^HA•K yittaggazallu.

pi.

asthma,

pol.

(to, v.t.)

v.i.

gillat

it:

la- (^ 4:7a).

A-fl

••

^/?:C*7A^ k libb adrigillat (dr-

7d).

§

Attend to

this:

J&OV}-* A-fls^J^rClcD-K

libb adrigau (drgau

back, be put,

back, put,

Put

v.p. "taotifl

v.t. aotifl

it

§ 8).

A-fl-'^^^T libb adarraga, constr.

with ace. or A-

Attend to

;

yfz^otal.

§

yihannan

7d).

tamdllasa (-mal-).

mdllasa (mal-).

back into

its

place: +A*P^iD-!-B ta-

stfrau mallisau, pi. -rt-^ k -sut.

Balanites cegyptiaca (Broun, Cat.

88),

s.

<m-«i mucca. S. 3?*r* jamm^o.

bank,

s.

(commercial) ^l^^^sO.^ gimja-b^'et (-y^et; tfl-JVi

basket,

s.

§ 8).

bank.

(bowl-shaped) ^9^'(\^ qimbfcca. CP'iP' c'^oc'^o.

bath,

s.

I

am

going to have a bath: 7AP»'}.•?^;^mflA'V»

gdlaien bed,

s.

(S

(-clothes)

56c) ittattavdllau^

t^^Ti f (i)rds. and place) dA.^ b^flt

before, adv. (time

(-fit

;

i^fttVit). (time) +^^ qdd(d)am (-mm § 6). n+^jP baqdd(d)am (-mm §

§ 8).

6).

A

ADDENDA] belt,

BEL—BUS

429

^n-f qabatt^o

S.

s.

«;

(qaya-).

bend down, v.i. (bend oneself down, v.r.) f"^*?- tadaffa. Bend down: +ft4'K tadafa, pi. 't'^4-"- tadafu. If you bend down: -n^^-f-s bittiddaffa, pi. -4*- -ffu. bend down, v.i ^4- dafFa. Bend it down Jt4-(»- » dffau, pi. J^^l* difiit. bent, adj. T-fl") gwwbdta (-o>yd-). ••••

:

bent down, be, bicycle,

v.p.

f^iif^^'nt'-^dll yiisaitan

s.

^^^

big, adj.

tflliq,

-lliq^oc (-CC (-CC

blossom,

'^^4- taddffa.

s.

§ 6), .

.

intensive pis.

bother,

v.i.

& t.

(§

^AA^*

tilflliq,

-A-P-f

-A*'T- -lliq^^Oc

titflliq,

5 4c).

t'^j^'m*'*

s.

"^-pC cfggdr

s.

§§47, 70)faras.

very big.

blotting-paper,

bother,

1-1-A4'

§ G),

usually f

.

(s.v. P-,

mamtdca

(-taca).

(§ 8).

hilH-ld ascaggara (gara).

)H)H nazdnnaza. o o o o s.v.

worry.

Don't bother: 119"! (1

zimm

k

zimm

bal, pi. TIJ^.-n/V-K

bdlu.

bothered, be,

^l^at* caggarau (-gar-

v.i.

;

impers.

§

43a

§63r/,e).

bung,

bung

s.

aof^&yx madfdfia (-faiia), usually f

(up),

Bung bunged bunged

v.t.

it

f^^

up

:

up, adj.

54c).

(§

ddffana (dafFilna).

f^&hoi* » dffanau, pi.

->-^* «

-nut.

Jt'P'J dffin.

(up), be, v.p. I'^^i.V tadaffana (-dafFana).

It is to

be bunged up

:

J&^^O » yiddafan,

pi. -V-

-nu.

busy, be, I

v.i.

am §

tl^'-^H sfra ydza

busy:

(§

44c,

§

6Sd,

e).

ft^.-je-TTAIr^K sfra yizzdllau^

44c), pi. fl^-'j&H'i'Au sfra yfzanal.

(^PP-

B

BUY— CAS buy,

v.i.

I

& t.

should have bought c^e

nabbar

it: (as

rendered on

more commonly) TH^

and, perhaps

(§§

cause to be,

called,

[addenda

430

v.t.

^flC

:••

p. 43,

gazic-

616, 81^).

v.t.

htim^

astdrra

Calot7'opis procera (Broun, Cat. 347),

cancel,

••

{§

68).

rn-fl^ t'^'dbbya.

s.

lid sdra.

cancelled, be, v.p. 'tlid tasdra It is (has

cancellation, captive, adj.

been) cancelled: i^YJ^As

s.

&

(tas-).

Ti^^ s.

tasiroal.

sirat (-rat).

hild^ asrdiina

(-ran-).

(taken in war) adj. 9°Ch mirk. s.

9°C^ mlrk^o. o

&

adj.

9"C\i^ mir-

s.

k^oniia.

See

Car dims (§

sp., s. S.

52a,

8.

h»?f At kwajsal^e

52a,

(§

^Ai*^

f.

callitdfina (-tan-).

be (become),

v.i.

VA-'^»A call dla.

s.

cart (carriage),

^A hh

G.

&

S.

^A.-AiAcmadla.

B.

S.V.

carelessness,

••

VnA,

§

44a r§

dla.

63c?, e.

o

s.

S.

\p&

gdri.

Cat. 316),

Cassia goratensis (Broun, Cat. 166),

s.

AAA

s.

A*¥

^ntn

sallaba (-ava).

castrated, adj. AA-n silb •>*^^

(-ly).

g^'omdda.

castrated, be, v.p. i'AAfl tasallaba

suf.

If*?"! zigitta.

G. v.t.

cala

^^^ callita.

Carthamus tinctorms (Broun,

castrate,

usually

S),

54c).

careless, adj. careless,

§

(tas-, -ava).

digftta.

addenda] caterpillar,

i'9^'^

s.

tame (tame

62a,

§

;

usually

S),

f.

54c).

(§

certain, be,

am

I

CAT— CLO

431

(of something) "t^H taradda

v.i.

certain

(§

63d,

e).

•fdj^^ii'li^ « taradiccallau^, pi. 'i'd^

:

+'i'Ak taradtanal. o o o certain? '^^Jt'^y A « taradtahal?, pol.

Are you

i'^PA:: taradtaual?,

cyuhal? chant,'

v.i.

chatter,

'

&

taradtdc-

(§ 7d).

litw^

t.

+^j^^^'AAk

pi.

'i'^j^

v.i. iid^lid.

He chatters

:

zammara o o o

(-miira). O

\

'

lafallafa. o

o

o

o

j&A
yilafallifal, pi. j&A
yilafallifallu.

Don't chatter: h^^^^9'^ chatterbox,

-A^::

attilaflif,' pi. r^ o o

o

-lifu. o

9"Art? milasdnna (-san-).

s.

/{^/[d, lafldfi"

A
cheese,

s.

o

aofn'^-'h^'Q matata

& t. Chew it

chew,

lafl§;ff a.

*fe

v.i.

'

•

'feCTfl>-

:

matataiy).

fiib (fiiy,

owwrdttama. o o o •

qwwrtimau,

::

pol.

f^'kCTao-^

::

yiqwwrtimut.

Don't chew

it:

h^^C^av-^ chewed, be, civet cat, clap,

s.

s.

v.p. A .

.

.

h^^CVnoah':'. attiqwwrtimau, pol. aicpvajrtimut.

::

'["kdaxoo taqwwrattama. OA 0'*00

usually

(gonorrhoja)

f.

(§ 54c).

6Ci.'flT

cayt.

close together, adj. *7TJ^ gfttim (-imm close(r §586) together, be,

dla

(s.v.

J(\^,

The things are

§

44« to

;

v.i.

§

be

§ G).

*7T9".-AiA

63^,

gfttimm (§6)

e).

h^Ohi

close(r) together:

*7TJ^.'j&nAK fqau (§52a) gittim yiyal.

The things are not to be

(so)

close together

*7TJ^:^/Z.nAK Iqau gittimm

dival.

:

h^ah:

«

CLO— CON The

things are (too) close together: 'h^ahi*l*?9^s

"flO,

close(r

§

[addenda

432

A«

iqau gf ttim bil5al.

586) together, stand,

1^004- tanababbaru

v.i.

(-aya-, -baru).

Stand close (up),

Close

close(r) together: '^Vfl^4-a tanaydyaru. v.t.

(an aperture)

up

it

daffana (daffana).

J^
:

Don't close

f^d/i

up h^^d^^oh n

it

:

attfdfanaii, pi. ->-^k

-nut.

closed (up), adj. ^^'i difin.

closed (up), be,

an aperture)

v.p. (of

i'^d.'i

taddffana

(-daffana).

Let

it

be closed up

clover (Trifolium

:

sp.), s.

^^<0 «

yiddafan,

'^TP nidgat, usually

Coleus gomphojphyllus (H. M. Broun), (-dara colic,

;

§ 8),

usually

f.

s.

-^ » -nu.

f.

54c).

(§

T^^^ gwiidara

54c).

(§

s.

He

(it)

has colic: Mj^^-J

tammoal

(§

••

;^'^.

A«

(§ s.

52a,

8),

(§

56c)

sometimes

f.

s.

'h&i\

gureza

54c).

(§

(med.) ^'>^i dandann^e.

commission,

s.

(commercial) "hCli (errand)

The commission

<w»AVl'i*

is

1

%

:

giirsa.

maldkt

(§ 8).

'hC^ \\ao^ hlfi: :

sriirsa kamat^^ o and! nau. o o o o o conduit, s. fl'9"fl biimba.

conquer,

anjatun

^%d).

Colohns guereza (Guidi, Vocab. p. 728), colon,

pi.

a^^d bwambwa. & t. J^ A h^^l dil

v.i.

••

adarraga.

nassa. J^A.-V'^ dil o o

conquered, be,

v.p.

JtA«lfV

,

dil h'^ona.

J?:A--1'V"/ dil tandssa.

••

Vfl^ »

?

.

addenda] control,

CON— CUS

433

v.t.

G. AT-'li^^'l latt (latt) addrraga. S. lid'Tihe^dl Idbatt (lavatt) addrraffa.

He

controls

(pol.)

them: G. AT^^^C^^^'PAk

latt

yadargwaccaual

AnT:^ACW9AK

S.

la-

vatt yadaro^waccaual.

convince,

hhdfi asrddda.

v.t.

convinced, be,

&

v.i.

p. 'I'^H

Are you convinced?

am

convinced

pi. 'h<^j?:+T

I

am

(tar-

f'^j^^A'V^ k taradiccdllau^

:

AK

;

52a,

§

S),

usually

Ji-^flfl

s.

addbaba

(§ 54c).

f.

(stopper) ao^^'^ madfaiia (-fana), usually

(§

f.

54c).

soil,

cranium, creak,

7d),

hAi"^^'>^» altardddanim. o o o

(-ayaya

cotton

(§

tarddtanal.

not convinced: AiAi'^^U-J'"'- altaraddahum,

pi. r

s.

§ 63c?, e).

'h^j^f'VA^/i « tarddtahallwf

Coreopsis macrantha (H. M. Broun),

cork,

;

pol. 'h^jt'i''PA-J& K taradtauallwf?

(s.v. (Df,),

I

tarddda

s.

S. ^<2»

s.

mdrar^e

(-riir-).

*P'74*A^ cinqillat (cinq-

;

§ 8).

v.i.

I don't like things that creak

Jo

:

f 'TL'^V*.'?. • ^ AoiJt jr*

:-.

yamminkwdkkwa ahvwddim. o

crooked, adj.

crowd

T^fl"!

(together),

Don't crowd Crucifixion,

s.

gwwbdta

v.i. i'Vflfl<:

(-wyd-).

tanababbaru

(-ayd-, -baru).

h^Vflfl4- » attinnavdvaru. o o o •

ft^'A^' sfqlat

•

(-lilt).

A+AI'sVlCft'fA sfqlata (-lata;

\M)

kris-

t^6s.

custom house,

s.

t'hjT'^-h

giimruk.

t^jr»<.h jiimruk. AM. GR.

(ll)

28

CYN— DIM

434

[addenda

Cynoglossum cceruleum (H. M. Broun),

s.

*P">")^

g-ot

cjg'^^^-

(§ 8).

I^CTIT*- firfstinu.

Usually dark(er

58&), be,

§

VflA,

(s.v.

v.i.

f.

54c).

(§

tdqwwrr

ax'^C'-hti

(twq&jrr) dla

44a).

§

darker than this: 'Ml.W!m*feC--^AA« tazzfh

It is

tcuqcurr yflal.

Datura stramonium,

s.

S. A»m4-^ft atafdris. •

day,

o

s.

A few days:

rtT"}.-

In a few days

sdm^on.

4'C'fl

:

:

+'} : qfryi qan.

nrUUsrtT*'}.-deaftiess,

^^*feCV^ danqwwrfnnat

s.

decrease, v.i defend,

bazzih sdm^^on. O O

^t^Vrt

asannasa. o o

v.t. aoXii'iii-

'

(-nat).

makkata o o o

la- (S 47a). / ^^

o

Delphinium clasycaulon (H. M. Broun), s. f^jD^+Ashflfl yamdsqal (§§ 47a, 70) dbaba (ayaya § 52a, 8), ;

usually f

(§ 54c).

depose (dismiss from deposed, be,

Has he deposition, deride,

v.p. i'Tf^

(pol.)

s.

derision,

tasdra

(tas-).

been deposed?

7i^^ sirat

v.t. **i^''(is.

office), v.t. '^^ sdra.

i'Ti^i'PAK tasfraual?

(-rat).

sdqa ba-

(ya-;

§

47a).

^4* saq.

descend, cause or allow

to, v.t. hlKDdf!^

aswcJrrada. o

/

desert,

s.

bada (bada). rj^/.d^ midra

(§

dd)

bada

(bada, yd-, ya-,

§7r/).

dik-dik,

s.

diminish,

o

fl^

S. ^'iXh v.t.

yansu, usually f

h^Vrt asannasa.

(§

54c).

;

addenda]

DIR— EAR

435

dirty (make),

Mf^d. asaddafa.

v.t.

Don't make

-^^K

pi.

disgrace,

h^fif!:d^ai*'« attasdddifau,

dirty:

it

-fut.

(shameful matter)

s.

distressed, be,

v.i.

T-J^fl

s.

43a).

§

tacannaqa.

See ditch,

naur.

cannaqau (impers.

6H.i+a>•IreB^'i^

Vfl»-C

§

636?,

e.

giidba (-dya).

G. T'Jt'fl^ giidbya (-dyya). docile, adj. A*^-^

lammdda

(-madda).

Dorylus (Anomma) nigricans, § o2a, 8), sometimes f. (§ double,

v.t.

s.

gwdndan

T^"}^*}

(§

8

o4c).

havM

atdb-

(consonant in pronunciation)

mn*

(consonant in pronunciation)

baqa. double(d), be,

v.i.

tabbaqa (type It is

doubled

Is

double ?

it

It isn't

doubt,

s.

dream,

dreamed

&

duiker,

s.

S.

34

ni'flit

Ak

m-fl^'A-je,

§

;

63c?, e).

tdyqoal. "•

tayq6allwf

?

(s.v. IDJ&).

s.

tirittdri.

(dream

t.

(of),

dried meat,

§

doubled: AiAmfl+y":: altabbaqam.

TCn^S

v.i.

:

A

of, v.t.)

htKao allama.

be, v.p. ^iiao tallama.

^1"\ qAvanta.

f '}ff' yansu, usually f

early (earlier

§

58), adv.

(§

54c).

(previously) 4*^J^

(mm n^l'Ai^

qdd(d)am § 6).

baqad-

(d)am (-mm early (earlier dla

(s.v.

§

o8&), be, VflA,

§

v.i.

+^i'"--^A

qad(d)amm

§ 6).

(§

44a).

28—2

6)

«;

EIG—EXC

[addenda

436

Let him come early

this afternoon

(qad(d)ammi

yir^'o §

'tXhti^'isai^ft

wwdyd qad{d)am

+^{'"s'flA"«j&j^^:: takkiilaqan bfl^'o

:

7d) yfmta,

'nAa^.•)iJ^m•K ...qdd(d)am

pi.

..

.

+^9":

(qad(d)ammi

bilau

vilau) yfmtu.

num. h/^^ifl9°'ii'^ asrasimmintanna

eighteenth, ord. {-tan-

eighth, ord.

20b).

§

;

num.

eighth (^/g), s. tirt^^

(-tan-

l-'i'tf]

simmintiyya

rt*^*}^?

samanyanna

'•

num.

eightieth, ord.

simmintanna

Il9^'ii'^

(§

20c,

o2a,S).

§

206).

(§

num. h/*'^ dxlfj^ asrahandaniia

eleventh, ord.

20b).

§

;

:

(-dan-

20&).

§

eleventh (Vn), 20c,

(§

s.

h/*'^ rh'Jjt^ [rh^-^^] asrahandiyya

52a,

§

8).

be (become),

enceinte,

••

:

/t^lH-f araggazac (-cc

v.i.

§

6

§63^,c).

endure,

v.i.

engine,

s.

(last)

mT

tanna

(§

bdbur (bdvur

flfbC

63^,

e).

§ 7c?; § 8).

epiglottis,

enlargement (hypertrophy)

errand,

aDf\^\^

error,

s.

eunuch,

s.

maldkt

of, s. ?i'JT

A (f)ntil.

(§8).

(inaccuracy) *7jt<{.^ gfdfat. s.

tiMX

silb (-ly).

•)<^^

g^omada.

Euphorbia ally

examine,

sp.

(spurge),

f.

(§ 54c).

v.t.

l^Cl^C.

Examine examined, be,

it

:

s.

hl'i'CA* antarfa (-tar-), usu-

gwwraggwwra

(-rwgg-).

l^CT-^ah- » gwcorgwiirau,

v.p. 't'h'd'h'^

tagwwraggwcora

Has the baggage been examined? |qa tagW6jrgwiir5al

pi.

-<-^ k -rut.

(-rwgg-).

?i^ -"M^CT^iA

?

exceedingly, adv. h*?'(l^ atbiq^'^o

(dtyi-, atibq'^o, -ivq-).

?

addenda]

EXP— FIR

437

expectorate,

&

v.i.

^^ihti

t.

tiff

h-i^^-hk

ala (not

(f)ntifF (-ttifF) ala.

S.v. Jdti, §

extend,

v.i.

i^H^^ tazardgga

S.).

Ua.

(tazar-).

Where does it extend to ?

hlli'a)^^

•

^^h

j&H<:;i

'-

A»

istauwd^ et dfras yizzara<>"al

fat,

be (become)

very,

v.i. •)
G.

••

htK g'^'ofaff ala.

'h^^^h^ S.v.

He is very

fatj^ •><(.¥

••

-fl^i.^

VnA,

g^fiff §

44«

« g^dfaffi

;

(-fiiff) ala. § 63r?, e.

G. T-*^*

(§ 7c?,

ffiififfi) o o o'' vfloal. o •

father,

s.

The question suffixes

(§

abbat- with personal

f»^s7ifl'>- yet

\2b)

is,

9°'}iM^- min abbat-

like

etc.,

a term of abuse. Felis caracal,

anydfever,

s.

fibre,

s.

S.

§

s.

Id), usually f

wdba

f^'fl

^^^

a^^'-Y\l{\fi c5ahi anbdssa (ambd-, 54c).

(§

(woya).

qaca.

Ficus vasta (Broun, Cat. 533),

s.

warka

flJCh

(wwr-, ^PC-

wdr-).

fifteenth,

(-tail-

fifth,

ord.

fifth

(%), §

§

;

num.

52a,

s

YxTti'lr^

asrammistafiiia

206).

hl'^ftl'^ ammistdfiiia (-tan-

num.

be paid

fine,

pay

hf^fi'?

amsafina

(§

as, v.p. 'hhrt takasa.

a, v.i,

(pay

mV

as, v.t.) hrt kasa.

tdnna

(§ 63f/, e).

;

§

205).

ammistiyya

8).

fine,

v.i.

Y\f*'i^

^iJ^ft^^s[A»rft-f:^]

s.

fiftieth, ord.

firm, be,

num.

ord.

206).

(§

20c,

;

FIR— FUN ad,^ baf f t

first (at), adv.

m-«i

fist, s. S.

flax

{Linum

flower, foetus,

s.

. . .

footprint,

s.

(-fft

§ 8).

;

fit" (fit).

tiicca

52a, y).

(§

usitatissimum),

usually f

iIA

s.

[addenda

438

i'Afl tdlba (tal-, -lya).

s.

(§ 54:C).

sil (sil).

^lip fillaga S.

iL^^

(§ 8).

fdlag. oO o

4-^ fara.

See forbidden, adi. o '

foreskin, forest,

s.

s.

52a,

§

hAVlA

ai?f A

^7 dan

8.

kilikkil.

(-nn

§ 8).

;

§ 6).

Is there forest there foretell,' v.t.

o

o o

wasala (wws-

f/i

?

••

KAfl^ k dann allabbat ?

+Vn tanabba. o o

formerly, adv. d^^ fit

(fit).

num. hCH? arbanna (arya- § 206). fourteenth, ord. num. h/^^ h^'t^ asrarattdnna fortieth, ord.

;

••

20&).

§

fourth, ord.

fourth

(-tan-

num. h^'t^ arattanna

(V4), s.

^^^?

arattinnaV^^,

[hj^-n (i)rub

74-

Friday,

On

(-tan-

;

§

20b).

-'t^ -tiyya).

(-liy).

See § 20c, § 52a, S. ^ft^«^»^^?- s'^'ost aratt(ima.

s.

Friday

:

hCH

Good Friday:

••

ary.

tl^ti^-- sfqlat (-lat).

ft^A-h.hCftVft: sfqlata (lata; krist^os. o friendly, adj. fruit,

s.

^4»^?

fiq(i)rdiina (-ran-).

—no general term

fungus,

s.

(inedible)

^?^

;

s.v.

9d>

qwticca

(§

ffr^^e.

52a,

S).

§

9d)

addenda]

GEN— HAN

439

genet cat {Geyietta

abessiiiica),

s.

anar (anar).

Y\*iC

German, adj. ^^Cao'i yajarman (s.v. f-, §§ 47a, 70). German, s. %Cao'Ti j arm an. Germany, s. ^%Ctnt'i'}\10 yajarman (§ 70) agar (-gar). [ijP»^ (L*4J

get,

)

more properly = Austria],

v.i.

I can't get at

it

now

:

hihl

••

?i<-4»

•

hah k dhun Iriiq

nau. o gift,

give,

s.

'hd'H giirsa.

(yield to pressure) AflT«liA

v.i.

Ubatt

G. AT.-hAlatt

(-^ya-) dla. (latt) dla.

It doesn't give: AflTs^i^AJ'":: layatt dilim, pi. fi^A-lT*::

p^onorrhoea,

dllum.

...

oa.'flT cavt.

s.

Have you got gonorrhoea? z^ohal good,

fli'flT.'^HyAK cavt yf-

?

s.

For good (always) govern,

v.t.

:

at^'G

G. ^*?^•hf:dl latt

waitr'' o.

•

(liitt)

adarraga.

AOT.-h^^T labatt (-ava-) trt*Pftfl>- sawdsu (saud).

S.

grammar, gratuity,

s.

s.

-lliq^^

oc

tilliq,

(-CC

intensive pis, I'A ^4*

§ 6),

-l-^A*

tililliq,

-A*^

titilliq,

A^-f

-lliq^^oc

s.

Hard ground

:

S. h»^h»'>'f

kwojrakwanc.

ground-squirrel {Xerus rutilus, Blandford, Geol. pp. 278, 279), hairpin,

-

very great,

(-CC § 6)

ground,

addrraj^a.

7'Cli giirsa.

great, adj. -ThA^*

hand

...e

s.

over,

aiAfl v.i.

s. ?f

wwlaba

&

t.

A

sala,

(-dya;

usually

f.

& Zool.

54c).

(§

§ 8).

JiA^hn asrdkkaba a a a

(-rak-, -ava). \ a a' '

'

HAR— HOL Hand

the things over:

m*? tanna

v.i.

hard and

It is

MTi

s.

(of a

v.i.

(§

63^,

e).

m'};tATm'}h^sVaH» tdn-

strono*.

tankarra (§8) nau.

toal,

Hawdsh,

fqaun

'h^ah'is}\ti/;\itlahii

52a, S) asrakkiyau.

(§

hard, be,

heal,

[addenda

440

auds.

wound)

It will heal

lid sara.

|i7f^

:

Ak

yisiral.

It won't heal: h)Z,7iC9"K aisfrim. » o o o

It has healed

Ti^A k

:

siroal.

It has not healed: h^fid9^i' alsdram.

help,

&

v.i.

t.

hm dggaza (G. type A

Help him:

G. hlHOhv. fgazau, S.

Help them:

MttOh K

type

34, S.

B § 35).

pi. -H*^:*. -zut.

aggizau,

G. hlH^at".-'

§

pi. -tt*^

igazdccau,

"•

-zut.

pi.

-I1,Vid-k

-zwdccau.

hlH^ahv. aggizaccau,

S.

pi. -Jl,^fl>-s

-zwdccau. o ,

helped, be,

He

v.p.

;^^H taggaza.

has not been helped: ^A;^^H9":•. altaggazam,

&

pol.

pi.

We have

-IM^

::

-zum.

not been helped: ^A;^THVJ^k altdggaz-

nam. o Herpestes gracilis {H. mutgigella, Blandford, Geol. Zool. pp. 43, 234, 235),

s. tfi»-*i»"T'A

S.

mucicilla.

JPT'^T mftmat Usually

hide,

s.

*^

q'^dda.

hidden, adj. ^n4» ddbaq (4y|-)history, hive,

s.

s.

^£i\ tdrTk

+C

hold up,

(-rik).

qaf^o.

v.t.

A7
gdddafa (type

B

§

35).

&

f.

(§

(§ 8).

54c).

.

addenda]

HOO— INA

441

Hold him

(it)

up

so that he

nf!:d.ahth'}fi^ai^^'i bajjih

+ h^l)

f j jih,

your hands

doesn't fall

(it)

§

= fl-

(

ba-,

flJ^Os

:

with

§

47cf

52a, y) gaddifau ndai-

wojdiq, pi. n3?^l^!•lJt^^••

bajjdccyuh

...

(§ 7c?)

gaddifut... hoof,

s.

Long horrify,

hoofs:

v.t.

^^T«T¥C: ydddaga

(s.v.

hf^l)

tffir.

asdandggata.

htlfi'ilai

hot, adj.

Very hot:

(of objects) ^Y^ft: tfkkiis (tiik-; (of weather, places)

hotel,

s.

tjP-frA ''6v6l

M^'

§ 8).

isdt.

(§ 8).

tA-h"}^ lukanda.

hunchback,

s.

T^fl")

gwwbdta

hundredth, ord. num.

ao-f-^ mat^'ofina

Two hundredth l^A^ :

hut,

s. -Sft

Hystrix

(-wyd-).

«

(§

rTD-ff s hiiliitt

mat" dnfia. o

das.

sp., s. ^fC'T"

sometimes f

jart,

ichneumon (Herpestes pp. 43, 234, 235),

579.,

s.

(§

54c).

Blandford, Geol,

jPT'^T mftmdt Usually V.

identification,

'

bone,

s.

means

of, s.

&

Zool.

ao.'^'^\ mucicflla. S.

iliac

20h).

9"Ah^

(§

(§ 8).

54c).

000

milfkkit.

hX^i annisa.

Impatiens Irvmgii (H. M. Broun),

s.

*77iCT gfsrit. G. -hTiCT

giisrit.

S. *7C7iT gfrsit.

inaccuracy,

s.

*7^
inaccurate (incorrect), adj. l^i* gaddfa.

INA— ITC

442

inaccurate (incorrect), be,

v.i.

[addenda

l^d. gdddafa (type

pers.

§

bdzza

v.i.

flH

increase,

v.t.

h(\H abazza (ava-,

Increase Indian,

s.

it

inn,

s.

s.

pi. -P-ih

AAi:h lastik

*^dd3^ marafya

(European)

34).

6Sd,

e.

(baz-).

Vt^l hfndi,

India-rubber,

§

-az-).

h'dHah n ayzau, pi. ^i'fl^^^

:

§

43a).

See increase,

A

taoaddafau (im-

i'le^^oh'

-d^oc (-occ

:••

ayzut.

§ 6).

(§ 8).

(-raf-).

tjP-fcA ^6t>'el (§

inspected, be, v.p. •faodao^

8).

tamarammara (-maram-

mara). 't'h'd'h'd

That house 'kd^'a

instead

of,

to

is

tagw&jraggwwra

be inspected: j&U.-tt^si-T-C^^s

yihe y^et tagwwrgwari

prp.

fl- ...*

Instead of this

Let another

9^^\} ba-

••

(§

8)

man come instead of you

sau yfmta. o o «/

'fl-^^s

bfddt

(§ 8).

s.

Large intestine iron,

7d) leld

wwg.

Sexual intercourse:

ft'^^Ji

:

•

dandann^e.

s.

Galvanised iron

:

'feC'fet^

qwojrqwwrr^'o.

;^3:h tanika.

irrigation channel,

itch (-ing),

s.

hMl

s.

S.

476).

(l'Tf't"-9^^\l

£Q,(D^ cawata (cdu-, -wta). flj*7

intestine,

(§

:

^^

•

s.

8, §

bazzih mftikk. o o o

A.A:rta^:^J^^K bdnta mitfkki intercourse,

nau.

mftikk°(§

...

riltU : 9^^\l

:

(-rwgg-).

*^1^ magat.

ikak.

Affected with itch: M\h9^'' ikikam

(S 8).

(§

*

8)

addenda] itch,

y.i.

Ji^hh asakkaka.

MMiah

asakkakau (impers.

See back itches: ^Cd^Tr § 63f/,

My

ITC— LAR

443

§

43a).

e. •

MMi^ a

jarySen

(§

56c)

prp. J?:*?^- difinn-

(§ 6),

asakkakail. o

knotted, be,

knowledge,

i'^m^ taqwdttara

v.p.

(-tara).

s.

Without the knowledge

of,

personal

with

suffixes (§125).

kao

\

dffin

Without

my

knowledge

:

^^i/

la-)...

(ta-, o

(§

o

'

'

476).

difinn^ e.

i-i.-'^^^'tiin^e dffin.

Without

his

knowledge

:

J^^V"' dffinnu.

ACfr.Jt^'J.larsd dffin.

Without their knowledge:

j^'PT^fl*-! difinndc-

cau.

i-C^^fl^.Jt*?^* tardifin. sdccau o o o

This was done without our knowledge J!:^'iii'f!^dli-'

knuckle,

labourer,

s.

s.

VhCVl-1^

S.

yihe

kurkum

t^l gurag^e,

:

^UsA?*

liinfia

difin taddrraga.

(§ 8, §

52a,

pi.

y).

'h^l?''^ gurdgyoc (-occ

§0). large,| adj.

^A^*

-A*^

tilliq,

-lliq^oc

-lliq^oc (-CC

intensive pis. '1'AA4»

(-CC

§ 6),

§ 6),

-^h^A*

very large.

titflliq,

tilflliq,

-A*^

LAR —LON larva,

s.

-^A

[addenda

444 til.

(of lepidoptera) 'hJ^'f

tame

(tame).

Msai,^& abba

(hirsute)

cag-

gwar^^e.

h^ S. V^ hie.

(of bee)

ic.

o

See last,

v.i.

§ 52c(, S

mV tdnna

laughter,

s. •^4'

(§

6Sd,

usually

f.

(§

54c).

e).

aott\ft\

Lean over:

matdta.

taorwwnabbasa.

i'T^Vflrt

v.i.

;

saq.

lean, adj. (of persons)

lean (over),

•

tagwwmbas

i"'?"'}flriK

(§ 7c?), pi.

-flA-a

-basu.

Don't lean over: fk^T^^flfts attiggwwmbas, -flft-K

leper,

s.

lessen,

-basu.

|

leprous, adj.

pi.

f^^^^ Umtdm o .

J

(§ ^o 8). /

^^irt asannasa. o o

v.t.

'

like, adj.

What

is it

nau?,

Linum

pi.

like? ?i'>^9"'}j?:C : Vfli- »

(§

8)

'h'i^9^'i^C''i^ahi\ ndamfndir ndccau?

usitatissimum,

litter, s.

ndamindfr

s.

(sweepings, etc.)

i'Afl tdlba (tal-, -lya).

T^T.

tirrdgi.

l-ah-ati oribfsbis (srivfsvis). *fe^
little, adj.

^771

qwwsdsa.

tinnis, intensive pis. ^'J'JTf tinfnnis,

\o/'

-nnis'^oc (-cc o (-CC

§ 6),

very

^

ooo'

little,

long, adj. ^jf J^ rajjim

(raj-,

OVT*

sive pis. lA'^9° rajajjim

(-cc§G).

-liV^

6), ^^"JTi titinnis, -11^'^ -nnis'^oc o

razzim, rai-), inten-

(raj-), -jf-T*^ -jjim^'^oc

addenda]

LOO—MUL

445

hdld ardggaba (aya; § 41c?). hdld arrdggaba (-aya § 41/). Loosen it: hddahi: drgiyau, pi. -^fl*^!*.

loosen,

v.t.

;

hdldoi'ii arrdggiyau, lose,

v.i.

-giyut.

pi. -^fl*^;; -giyut.

(battle) JtA«lfV dil h^^Sna. j^A.-l"**^ dil tandssa. O O

o

hd,^d afdqcjara. love each other, v.i. i'<<.^+<- tafaqdqqani. love,

v.t.

They

don't love each other:

^ij&<<.^*l»<-9"

:-.

Sffa-

qaqqarum. loving, adj. ¥4*
lynx {Felis car deal), anyd-,

mail-carrier,

s.

f^fi

7d), usually

§

s.

tfl-ftm?

moist, adj. CT-fl rftib

«

h'idft codhi

anbdssa (amba-,

(§ 54c).

f.

bustdnna

(-tan-).

(-iy).

Monday, s. On Monday: fl'ft safino. mongoose {Herpestes gracilis, H. mutgigella, Blandford, Geol.

&

Zool. pp. 43, 234, 235),

s.

ao-'^'^fi muci.

cdla.

S.

jPT'^T mfto mat (§ 8). •

Usually

monkey,

s.

{Colobus guereza, Guidi, Vocab.

gureza multiply,

v.i.

(§ 52rt, 8),

sometimes

(be multiplied,

f.

v.p.) flH

(§

bdzza

abdzza

GB^iml,

(aya-, -az-).

cammara

Mtiox aballata

(-miira). (avd-).

54c).

(baz-).

tacammara o o o o •

(-mara). v.t. AiflH

(§

54c).

•f'ea.aod^

multiply,

f.

p. 728) 'b&M

NAT—PAS nature,

s.

nedect,

(temperament) hA amal (amal).

&

G.

v.t.

§§

[addenda

446

B. ^'{••hti-'ti- cala ala la-

44«, 47a, QSd,

\/flA,

(s.v.

e).

nineteenth, ord. num. Ai/*'^sHmi? asrazatandfina o o o •

tanaii-;

§

206).

ninth, ord.

num. Hfli*!"? zatandniia (zatnum. HmV? zatananna (zatanail-

ninth

s.

ninetieth, ord.

(Yg),

(-za\

20&).

§

;

;

§

20b).

Hm'}^ [Hm3:^] zataniyya (zatan••

;

§

20c,

§52a,8). notice,

&

v.i.

t.

A-flsAifi^T libb adarragra, constr. with

acc. or A- la-

Notice him § 7c?),

47a).

(§

(it)

A-fl

:

h^ClOh

••

libb adrigau (drgau

••

or A-n hjtC*7Al' » libb adrigillat :

I didn't notice: A-fl : ^A^<:'7ih5'"

:••

(irg-).

libb aladarrag-

hum.

him

I didn't notice

(it):

A-fl

:

^iA^<:*7ihA^9" s libb

aladarraffhiillatim. o~ o O o I didn't notice this: ^0V'>:A'n:^iA^^:*7l^^i^K yi-

hannan

Numida

libb aladarrao:hutim. o o o o~

&

ptilorrhynca (Blandford, Geol.

421-423: N. meleagris, Guidi, Yocab. '

E'*7^ jfgra on, prp.

fl-

Put

52a,

(§

ba- (ya-

;

(them

§

it

§

sometimes

S),

f.

(§

Zool. pp. p. 638),

s.

54c).

47a).

6l6)

on

it:

^ft+i^Tn^:: asqammi-

tibbat. •o o

ostrich {Struthio camelus),

paid as pass,

v.i.

v.t.

He

s.

Mli

sdg^'^on

(§ 8).

fine, be, v.p. i'hrt takasa.

hiid, allafa. A»A
(it)

O

O

^

O

^

''^

47a). '

has passed the house: i'ft.'fss^iA^AK

y^etu alfoal,

pi.

.

.

.••

h A^CVA :••...

alfaual.

ta-

»

addenda]

PAS— POC

447

pass through (an aperture),

VMl

v.i.

s'^dllaka (sol-,

VMiifl- s'^ollaka '

v.t.

ba-(ya-;

He

(it)

sal-).

(etc.)

47^).

§

has passed through here: n?tU:7S'AVsA::

bazzih solkoal. penis,

s.

S.

ao-CV murt.

Pentanisia Schweinfurthii (H. M. Broun),

G. '?'i%^

s.

tfnjut.

ao^C^

S.

mararfco o ca.

Usually perpetually, adv. fD^'C persist,

v.i.

m*? tanna

f.

54c).

(§

waj'tr^'o.

(§ 03
picking out (extracting), instrument

maqwwntaca

ao'^'\a\^l

for,

s.

(-taca).

mah(iasa. o o

aoTf^'il

'

piled (up), be,

'I'Vflfl^

v.i.

tanabtlbbara

-bara:

(-avd-,

§ 6'6d, e).

pip,

s.

pipe,

^^

s.

f fr^e,

^^f'-l' f fre^^oc (-cc

pi.

(to carry water)

v.p. 'M*I»A

must be pulled out

It

:

G

§

;

52a,

S).

biimba.

fl"9"fl

plucked (pulled) out, be,

§

J&V*I*

tanaqqala.

A«

yinndqal,

pi. -A*

-lu.

plug,

s.

plug,

v.t. ^<<.V

aDj!:dJi

madfaiia

pocket,

usually

f.

(§ 546*).

daft'ana (daffiina).

plugged, adj. ^^'i plugged, be,

(-fana),

dffin.

v.p. i^^^CV

tadafFana (-dafFana).

s.

It fell

out of

my

taliys^e wiist

(§

pocket:

i'A'flrt.-'flHftT.-fli^+'fl^::

476) wwddaqabbifi

(§

47a).

POI—PRI point,

v.i.

& t.

Point him

h^A^ K point,

(her,

it,

them,

§

amalkitillin, pi.

61a) out to

-^A^ «

weapon) ^li daggana

(a

v.t.

[addenda

448

me: h<w»A

-tullifi.

(dag-), at,

fl-

ba- (ya-;

§47a).

He pointed his gun at him (it)

mCi'i^ah'itf^l'ia^ti

:

dagganabbat. tavanjaun OCT o O O O O " •

•

pointed, be,

&

v.i.

(-dag-), at,

The

(his)

weapon)

(of a

p.

ba- (ya-

fl-

§

;

•ffj'i

taddggana

47a).

gun was pointed

at

me:

md'i^ahs'tfijl

Vfl^» tayanjau tadagganabbin. pollute,

Mf!,d. asdddafa.

v.t.

He

(it)

pollutes

-4*^^«

it:

^^j^
-futal.

polluted, be, v.p. hfid. addafa

(§

23a,

pomegranate [Punica granatum), possible, be,

§

QSd,

e).

dlr r^ommdn.

s.

v.i.

It is possible: yih'^onal, or

I^^AAk

yiccdlal; or

63c) J&W'i'Ak

(§

f^f^dp^a yiddarragal.

It is not possible

:

hf,^^9° k aiccdlim or h^in9^a ;

aih^ dnim, or hf!,f^d*19^ « aiddarragim.

preaching,

s.

^"ilC^

tfngirt

pregnant, be (become),

v.i.

(§ 8).

(woman) hdl)!^ araggazac (-66 §6).

(animal) hfl^^ kabbadac (-CC

§ 6).

See previously, adv.
§

6Sd,

e.

(fit).

dA,^ baf it (-fft § 8). +^i^ qkd(d)am (-mm ;

n+^jr* baqdd(d)am prisoner,

s.

hllC

isir.

§ 6).

(-mm

§ 6).

:

prophecy,

s.

prophesy,

v.i.

prophet,

tinbft (timbit, tinyft,

-^T-fl,^

&

i'Vfl

t.

hMl

s.

f-flA^ smr-C

yiibfllit (yiiyf-

§§

;

47a, 70) tdgwtir.

tKA*P aldwa (alaua).

s.

Pimica granatum, v.i.

Vd^-V ndbiat

(na-, -yi), pi. also

Ikak.

prurigo,

pudding,

§ 8).

§ 8).

;

pubes,

s.

§ 76?;

tanabba.

nabi

Vfl,j&

s.

(na-, -yi-

pursue,

PRO— SCH

449

ADDENDA]

&

t.

kattala o o o

s.

C^l

r'^^ommdn.

gerund of t'h'hA

ta-

65rt). (^ ' ^«^

Pursue him:

i'h'lhAl)s
pi. '^h''^A^l^:<(.A7-*^«

takattillccyuh

(§

Id)

falli-

gut.

Pursue them: gdccau,

'^h'*hAU••
op

o

'|•h^A't•l^••<{.A^^fl^K takattildccyuh

pi.

falligwaccau. o~ o o

In the negative use i'hI'A alone Don't pursue him: /^•1'hl'AaH

:••

attikkdtalau, pi.

-I'A'I'K -talut. o

quarter

(V,), s.

h&-^^'[hl^t9] arattiyya

(§§ 20c,

52a,

7,: ^ft1-:h^'>^: s^T>st arattiyya.

quinsy,

s.

4*5^1/* (ifmlr^'o

(qiimho).

regret, inter j. expressing, hf, di! resin,

ao^^^ miicca.

s.

rigid, be,

sack,

s.

v.i.

hVf

school,

s.

s.

AM. GR.

mV

tanna

(§ 63f/, e).

kasa (kasa).

•^3:^

saliva,'

(di).

duniya.

^^:h

tiffita. o

o

ei-"7^:n.^ yiitamdri (ll)

(§

70&) b^et (y^et). 29

8).

SCI— SLA

450

ao^d.'^^ maqwurdcit

scissors,

s.

scorn,

s.

*^4»

scorn,

v.t. •^4»sfl-

He

[addenda (-rac-).

saq.

sdqa ba-

would scorn

bar,pol.

&

it:

(ya-;

§

47a).

J^/^'^'fl^sVAC:: yisfqibbat ndb-

pl.j&/*'*n^:VflCK yisfqubbat nabbar,

(§§81c, X, 33a, ^).

scraggy, adj. (of persons) ao^fl matdta.

scrotum,

s.

h^l^ flA^

S.

secret, adj. ^fl4»

send

aqumada. sillfcca. o

o

dabaq

for, v.t. t\tia\^

{-^Y^-)-

astarra

(§ 68).

Please send for him: pol. Kfl'fc^ftm^-^

•«

istiyas-

tarrut.

Please send for them: pol. htl't^fiai^^ahi-.

isti-

yastarrwdccau. serious, be,

v.i.

(of illness) m*? tanna

m^;t A k tantoal. o not serious: h^m^9^ii altannam. o

It is serious It is

sew,

:

•

•

& t. Sew it v.i.

(the hole)

sexual intercourse,

Shoa,

s. ?f ^P

Shoan,

Shoan, shock, s.

gets big: ^J&rt4«s

it

s.

•ii^^ bfdat

(§ 8).

saua.

adj. f ff^P s.

up before

saisafa sffau. o o o

tli-at'i'

skin,

(§ 63^?, e).

If^P

yasdua

saua,

47a,

pi. ?f?''T-

v.t. htlf!^'ila\

(for water)

(§§

70).

sauoc

(-cc § 6).

asdanar^prata.

d*P^ rdwdt (rduat

;

^fl>-y^- rtiuhat (§ 8).

slandered, be,

v.p.

^*^ tamma.

§ 8).

:

:

!

ADDENDA]

SNE— STA

451

remark

sneezing,

to a person

on their

MtU^'fl'h.C.-^'^CO:: igziayhJer yimdrih!, -ris

pol. -L9* k -ra" o

!,

!,

f.

-C*fi«

may God have mercy on

you!

The

reply

is

h'flC^.'j&'^^'jK dyr'^o

yimdran

!,

may He

abide with

us and have mercy on us solid, be,

mV

v.i.

tdnna

(§ G3(?, e).

okI^^v, tantoal.

It is solid:

It is not solid

:

^^Am*|i'^ k altdunam. o •

lAA galdla

solitary, adj.

A solitary

place

:

(B.

^A-

gild-).

1AA ft¥^ -

••

galdla sffra.

Solitary wasp: 1''}»UH: tinziza

(§

5 2a,

S),

usually

f.

(§ 54c).

sooner, adv.

spill, v.i.

(be

^f^T qad(d)am (-mm § (5). n+^iP ba(idd(d)am (-mm § spilt, v.p.)

It will spill spill, v.t.

i'^4« taddffa.

)&^4-A

:

O).

:••

yiddaffal.

fA' daffa.

Don't

You

spill it: h'Vj^-4.fl>- « attfdfau, pi. -^-Ih:: -fut.

will spill it: ^ft4.*PAl):: tidafaudllah, pi.

fi;^A'f l^ :: tidaf iitalldccyuh

stand close(r) together,

v.i.

^ft

(§ 7r/).

'MflfK-

tanabdbbaru

(-ayd-,

-baru).

Let them stand

close(r) together

:

)&Vflfl4- «

yinna-

vdvaru. •

o

They are not fl<-»

to stand (so) close together: hj&VQ

ainnavavaru. o o •

stand up,

Stand starve,

v.i.

•

O

v.i.

(pi.)

fl^'fl

up: ••

T'i'

'(lj?:*7:nA-::

bardb

(-dv)

bfdig yalu.

m^ ota. 29—2

STA—TEL starve,

v.t. fl^'fl

stop (up),

[addenda

452

I^A bardb

:

(-ay)

gaddala

(gad-).

(an aperture) f^&^ dafFana (dafFana). up ft:^ah k difanau, pi. -^^ k -nut.

v.t.

Stop it Don't stop

:

up

it

h^f^^fB* »

:

attfdfanau,

pi.

-V-^ k

-nut.

stopped

(up), adj. J^'P'} difin.

stopped

(up), be, v.p. (of

an aperture) '^^^ tadaftana

(-daflfana).

has been

It

dafnoal, s.

stretch,

v.i.

stretch,

v.t.

strong, be,

He

usually

(-faiia),

f.

(oneself, v.r.)

i^'im^^ tantararra

(one's limbs)

h'im^^

tanna

(§ 636^, e).

v.i.

v.t.

stopped up: i'^^PXAw

m*!*

antararra

(§ 54c).

(-tar-).

(-tar-).

G.

AT h^^T

S.

AflT.-hA^'' labatt (-aya-) adarraga.

(pol.)

ta-

-VPAK-naual.

pi.

ao^^ madfana

stopper,

subdue,

(is § 63^?)

:

latt (latt) adarraga.

subdued them°:

AT-'K^^IWa^k

G.

latt

adarragwdccau. iidvi\f:d^'fah:i

S.

la-

va tt adarrau:wdccau. submit,

G.

AT h^

S.

AllT

v.i.

••

latt (latt) dla.

hA

i

labatt (-ava-) dla.

S.v. v/OA,

summon

(have summoned),

v.t.

The Ras summoned him rut (cp.

§

sunshade,

s.

taken (hold telegraph,

s.

will

idnh^^'oi

TA

:

htim^

^A

••

astarra.

l^Am4-^ k ras astaro •

52b).

The Emperor *PA»

44a.

§

summon them

:

"^'ilf^i^tim^:^

yastarrwdccaual.

tfla.

of), be, v.p.

tAAlU

i'^H tayaza

silki (Tna.).

(taia-).

:

addenda]

TEM— TIG

453

temper (temperament), s. hao^ amal (-mal). He (it) has a good temper: h<w>A-s^*7sV(D«:: amalu dasrari oo

o

testicle,

S.

s.

nau. o

^^i qwtila

(§

52a,

y),

they, pers. pron. ?»VCA- (i)nnarsii (-nar-

;

§ 8).

(of inanimate objects) M^ay-

issdc-

(c)au.

Mih (i)nndssu (-nas-

;

§ 8).

See § 12a, s.v. M-. though, conj. may be rendered by the gerund She went in though she knew he was not there:

—

bain

(\f,'rC'-hah^:'iahin(\'^i:

(§8)

nau yiigdbbac, or

man^'drun through, prp. I

(§

§

mdttau^

(§

.

(\thdC1''/rDf'\'y-i'.

:

v.i.

VMl s^dllaka (sol-,

v.t.

VMi-(\

ba- (ya-

He (it) passed through S.

aofilC

Take the ansallat tight,

be

masgar

ticks (§§

(tied),

s°^ollaka (etc.) ;

§ 47rt).

baqadddau

(-gar) it:

off'

sdl-).

the hole and has got away:

Mftfiah-.T^^h'tK^fii'' s.

bahararo o

7^).

through, pass, (an aperture)

tick,

37c) auqd,

47rt).

came through Harar ~ g>'e

(§

htiem't^'iihay'^i... ala-

37a) aiiqd...

ba- (ya-;

fl-

(5r

;

usually

f.

solk^^o hfd8ril. (§

54c).

ao'n'}C'^h'i'^^^'^

mazgar

47a, 71).

v.i.

mfl+ tdbbaqa (type A § 34). mn4>:hA tabaqq (-aya-) ala VnA,

§

(s.v.

44a).

See

§ (jSd, e.

It is (too) tight: m-fl^A:: tayq5al, pi. m-fl+'PAs

tdvqaual.

;

TIG— UNF

[ADDENDA

454

See that it is not too tight pi. -*» -qu. tighten,

M^fffwd^ «

:

udaitdyq,

I»mfl+ atabbaqa,

v.t.

tabaqq

flifl4»:^^^7

Tighten

it

:

(-|ya-)

adarraga. -*fe^ k

^T-fl+flH a atyiqau, pi. 7ifli'fl4»flH«

Don't tighten

atabbiqau,

-qui

pi. -«fc^!: -qut.

^;^T'fl+a^K attatyiqau, pl.-«fe^K

it:

-qut.

h^ai'd'Pah

a

attatabbiqau,

pi.

-*fc^K -qut.

Tighten the girths: aiti^ ddrigah (drgah time,

§

••

h^CW

••

'^'toh n

tdyaqq

7d) cdnau.

s.

In (good) time: tomato,

f^dt^

s.

kwai

(§

52a,

••

0*1.11.

bagiz^e.

••

yafardnj (-faranj

?i'>hoJ&

;

§

70) fn-

8).

tournament,

s. T-lflft

train, v.t. (a

gun) ^7V daggana

guks. (dag-), on,

fl-

ba- (ya-

§47a). trained, be, v.p. (of a gun) fl-ba- (va-;

treaty,

S

i'jfj'i

tadaggana

(-dag-), on,

47a).

s.

He made & Tuesday,

pi. s.

turn down,

a treaty: flJ-A-'h^^iTs

addrraga, pel.

-dT^a -rragu. B. Itlh"^ maskanfio. v.t.

^4- dafFa. o

turned down, be,

(turn down,

v.p.

twenty, card. num. X^a,

will

S.

U^ hS^

kaa, Ti ;^a,

ka

;

§

v.i.)

+^4-

(hdS, V ha,

Hy x^> kS^,

20a).

unfrequented, adj. 7AA galala (B.

tadaffa.

•7A- gild-).

— addenda]

UNI—WAT

455

uninhabited country,

bada (bada). rff:0 n^ midrd (§ Qd) bada fl^

s.

da, ya-, ya-,

upset,

(ba-

Id).

§

^4- daffa.

v.t.

Don't upset upset, be,

v. p.

Mind

it

it: Mrft:i-(D*\i attfdfau, pi.

(upset,

-^^k

-fut.

'^^4- tadaffa.

v.i.)

doesn't upset

"hl^f.^i- k ndaiddaffa.

:

very, adv. AiT-fl* dtbiq^'o (dtyi-, atibq^o, -iyq-).

watch, Is

s.

— phrases, making rt'J^

it

Has

going ? ^H^A'T- » it

stopped

(§

54c):

tiz^^oralliic

'fe'^A'f «

?

f.

?

qumdlliic?

S. *'^A?-::q^^omc411iic?

Wind

it

up

:

<m-A^ » miilat.

It loses: i'+^A'f:: tiqardllac. It is slow

+C;^A*T•

:

(jartdllac.

-.j

m^;^A^::

zagyitallac.

It gains: ^4*J^'^A'lh:: tiqadmalliic.

It

is

Put Put

fast: +J^'^A^-:: (ladmalliic. it it

on (forward) Yxh^f^'^^ « asqdddimat. back: Aift+^^K asqdrrat.

It is right

:

1-hh A

:

:

V^s

tikikkfl

(§ 8)

nat, S.

. .

.

»

V^s

nilc.

. . .

Ah.-T^:: hkki {lid) nat, S....:V^a... niic.

It is

not right:

Ah

s

^/S^/^A-f ?" » likk aidallaccim

(§7rf).

Put

it riofht: O

^A+hVlA^K

How much has

it

astakakilat. o o

lost (is it slow)?

^7:^UA:+^^k

min yahl qarrac?

How much +^<w>^

::

has

it

gained

(is it fast)?

min yahl qdddamac ?

^^--^UA:

\

WAT— WRO

wound up TA^ » m^dllac. h A*r*A^l^ aim"" dllaccim. is not wound up won't go h Art^9" hil^ k alsaramm filac (s.v.

It is It It

[addenda

456 :

••••

:

'•

:

J(\ii).

watch,

v.i.

&

t.

(guard)

mfl«f*

B

tabbaqa (type

§

35).

^mfl'l' atabbaqa.

Watch him

(it)

:

tn-ii^Oh n tabbiqau, pi. -•fe^ k

hT'd^ahv. atyiqau, hai'd^ahii

pi. -*fc^::

atabbiqau,

pi.

-qui -qui -*fe^::

-qut.

week,

ii'P'i

s.

sam^on.

what's-his-name, indef. pron.

'h'ii''i

(f)ntan (-tan), ace.

Mi-TfTr (f)ntanin (-tan-), (§16).

where?, adv. G. ID^ wwt?

window,

A

s.

house without windows

:

^^'i n>^ s

«

diffn

(§

8)

b^^et.

wood,

s.

(forest)

f!/}

dan

(-nn

§ 6).

wrong, adv. There's nothing wrong with him

(it)

:

h Ah^-flJ-i'" »

alkdfFaum, ...with them: h^\i4'^ah9^ n alkaffac-

caum,

(§

Qdd).

457

A

APPENDIX

PRINCIPAL PARTS OF VERBS [ADDITIONS Part

I.

to

Appendix

p. 280,

1.

27,

omit

(

= t7^<(.).

p. 286,

1.

14,

add

(

=

p. 306,

1.

14,

ydmral,

p. 310,

1.

4,

to Part I]

't'f.l^).

add

(yamiral).

for arr^ggaba, yarrdg(i)b, yaiTdg(i)bal, read ardggaba, yardg(i)b, yarag(i)bal.

p. 314,

1.

14, yassiqal,

p. 316,

1.

20,

p. 341,

11.

for

26, 27,

add

yassital,

(yassjqal).

read yassital

(yassital).

for hm^n^ azmdc read hH*^^"

zdmmdc. o

add

(yadfnal).

p. 344,

1.

10, yddinal,

p. 345,

1.

13,

for adin^o read adin^o.

p. 374,

1.

21,

add ( = ^1^).

p. 388,

1.

18,

for
az-

Appendix A.

458

Note.

—In causatives in h- (regular

alaqqama

41c?), in

become

radicals

pound

§

type fxMao

triliteral

the parts in which two adjacent

sddis

{§

perfect, jussive

i.e. in the gerund, comand imperative, the usual

4a),

pronunciation, so far as I have observed, first

radical to receive

receives

^^^9°

i:

yalqim, etc.

i

(§

;

no vowel while the second

common

the less

variation of

7d) being for the first radical to

and the second no vowel:

juss. ydliqm, etc., (with

form open accented however, the reverse

long

i-, yd-,

since they

variation.

commoner

in G.

now

In some verbs,

syllables).

is

ger. dliqm^o,

the case, aliqm^'o

the usual pronunciation, and alqim^o

common

for the

thus hM'ao ger. AiA^'T* alqim^o, juss.

pronunciation receive

is

etc.

etc.

being

the less

Generally speaking alqim'^o

and dliqm^o

in S.

:

is

but occasionally

both forms are to be heard in the same verb both in G.

^

and

in S.

Guidi (Gram.

gara, ger.

^

p. 34)

gives as

paradigm

MIC an^grO, but juss. filC

Mid

yangSr.

andg-

— Aj)pendix A.

459

Since writing the appendix to Part I. I have heard the following variations in addition to the pronunciation given there: AiA+#w» ger. dliqm'^'o,

comp.

perf. aliqm5al, juss.

y^Hq(s)in, imp. aliq(i)m. ^lA+rt ger. dliqs'''o, etc.

h^(H\

„

alibs^o

Yxaotn

„

G. amrtt^^o. o

(-ivs'^'o).

•

asftt^^o. o

hA4.

•

asfif'o. o aqiiit^'o.

abrif'o o

(avr-).' / \ .

dbisl^'o (dvi-). jibiqt'^'o (dyi-).

atrif^'o. o

dnisf'o. o

dniqf'o. dnits'^o. o»

dnitr^o. auillq^'o. {lurid'^'o (-riid-). flutit^'o. •o

Sdlit^o. o

admit^o. ddirff^^o.

agsif'o. O o

MO

agbit^o /i*7j^^ Sflit^o. o

afris^o.

(agyi-).

agdid^o

460

Appendix A.

Simp. perf.

Comp.

(§25)

chatter,

i.

lafallafa o

o

o

perf.

Contingent

Comp. imperf.

(§26)

(§32)

(§32)

A*PA^A

jS.A^A'^A yilafallif

laflifoal

o

o

dissolve,

o

•^

O O

o

o

yilafdllifal

i.

/

mwammwa

mwdmtoal

defend,

i.

makkata o o o

mwa

yimwammwal

yimdkkit

yimakkital o o o

<w»*i:i:A

mdkkitoal o o scour,

yimwam-

•/

/e,'a*^A

t.

mwacca

yimwacc

mwac(i)toal

yimwaccal

2nd a^ai,u

mwaccah, etc.

rabarraba .barral o o o o

j&^ncoA

sprinkle,

^-ncO-A

t.

rdbriboal o o

yirabarrib V o o o o

(ra-, -yriyo-)

(yira-,

(ravarrava)

-varriv)

sprinkle, (w\

/

V

v..

ijracca

t.

yirabdrriO O o o

•^

bal

(yira-,

-varrival)

I&<:«^A (i)rac(ptoal

yirdc

yirdcal

(rac-)

(-rac)

(-rac-)

castrate,

aap,a

^rtA-n

/^AAHA

t.

salboal o

visalb » O O

yisalbal

(sal-, -lyo-)

(-sal-, -ly)

(-sal-, -lyal)

(-rac-)

-ccab, etc.

sdllaba o o o (-aya)

pick,

saqassaqa

t.

|Z,A+A^A

A*ft*tA saqsiq5al

yisa(iassiq o o io o 1 •'

yisaqassi-

qal

I

462

Appendix A. Imperative (§28)

Jussive

(§27)

463

Gerund

Infinitive

Participle

(§29)

(§30)

(§31)

s^dlk^o

mdsiilak

s^'olaki

Ti^AVl

yfsulak

siilak o

(s61-, sal-)

(sol-, sal-)

Tic yfsdr

(§

8)

sfr"o o

sar

mdsdr

(§

8)

sdri

+ATC: yiqaltif •'0*0 'O

qdltif

(-qai-)

(qai-)

(laltif^^o I

o

-o

maqaltaf o io o

qaltdfi

maqwojr-

qwwrqwdri

•

(q4l-)

qwcJrqwtt-

qwcur

qarqib

(jdrcjib'^o

maqarqab

(qar-, -iy^^o) (q^r-, -ay)

(-qar-, -iy)

(qar-, -iy)

yfqwurab

qvviirab

qwcJrb^^o

ma(iwurab o * o

qwwrdbi

'(-ay)'

(-ay)

(-ry^^o)

(-ay)

(-dyi)

yiqww'rtim

qwto'rtini

qwa;rtim''o

maqwcJr-

qwojrtdmi

tam o •

y|q^at

yibiika (y|yu-,

yuyka)

qitat lo •o •

qatt'^'o

mdqtat O i o •

•

b^^okt^o

mabukdt o (mayu-

;

§ 8)

qatdc

(§

b^dki

8)

Appendix A.

464

Comp.

Simp. perf.

(§25)

(§

copulate (of the

bddda

32)

(§

yibada

bdd(i)toal

male),

Comp. imperf.

Contingent (§26)

perf.

yibddal

(bad-, bdrt-, (yiy-, -ada)

(bad-)

32)

(yiy-, -ad-)

t.

bart-,

nmA

JB.nT^A

tear,

battasa o o o •

§ 76?)

bdttisoal dttisoa o -o

yibdttis

"(bit-)

(yiya-, -at-)

yibattisal

•

•

(bat-)

^;^A*^A

dreamed, be,

tallama o o

talammata o o o o

p.

talmoal

yittallam

yittallamal

be

i-ArouA

^A<w>T

stropped,

talammio o o

yillammat O O o

\

•

*'

yillamma-

•

toal

talabbasa o o o o

be worn,

i-A-fldLA

P-

talabsoal o o

tal

j&AnM

^AH^A

\dllabbas o o o

yillabbasal

•/

(-ays-)

be

tamma

J&;^'^A

slandered,

yittamma

tamtSal

yittammal

P-

be

^'X'^^A

tamwacca

scoured,

tamwac(i)-

2°^ -fiftU

P-

toal

yimmwacc yimmwaccal

-ccah, etc.

be tarabarrao o o o

ba

(tJir-,

-avarrava)

1

^^n^HA

^<:n^'fl

i-d.-ncfifis.

sprinkled, |tardbriboal yirrabarrab yirrabarra^ o o o o P'

(tiira-,

-vrivo-)

i

1

bal

(-avarrav)

(avdrraval) O o O V

•

"

'

tt

t66

Appendix A.

467

Jussive

Imperative

Gerund

Infinitive

Participle

(§27)

(§28)

(§29)

(§30)

(§31)

-t-aay

aodXl'H

tarak(i)b^ol

marrakab

tarakkdbi o o

(tar-, -rak-,

[tar-, -rak-,

(-rak-, -ay)

(tar-, -rak-,

-ay)

-(i)y"o]

yirrakab o o o •^

(-rak-, -ay)

tarakab o o o

yirrada o o

taradt^'o

marraddt o o

tdrai

(tar-, -rart-,

(§8)

(taraj;§8;

o

•^

-dyi)

o

-^

-rart-, § 7c?)

-ji)

^^'T'

-t-c^

'h^C'^-f

aDd.ea.^'

virrac c/QO*

tarac OO*

tarac(i)t^o OO'O'

marraciit O"

(tarac-)

(-r^?-)

yissalab

tasalb^'o o

massdlab o o o

tasaldbi o o

(-av)

(tjisal-,

(-av) \

(tas-, -dyi)

(-rac

;

§

8)

(tarac

;

§

8)

o

O

o

•

'

-ly^^'o)

yfssdm

tdsim^'o

massdm

"(§8)

(tas-)

(§ 8)

yissatatu

tasatdtu o o "

•

massatdtat tasatdttau o o o •

•

t-)

-)

yfssdr

tasir^o o

massdi o

(§8)

(tas-)

(§8)

o

30—2

Appendix A.

468

Comp.

Simp. perf.

(§25)

^*

qwwra

i

++^+n

be tied into loads, taqardqqa(-ava)

Comp. imperf (§32)

troubled, taqwwrqwu-iyiqqwfurdq-yiqqwwraq-

taqwwraq-

ba

Contingent (§26)

perf.

(§32)

I

^*

r6al

qwcur

i'+C^p.A

/i+^+'n

taqarqi-

yiqqardq-

qab(-ay)

bSal

qwwral

yiqqartqqabal

I

(-ayal)

(-qar-, -iyo-)

be chewed,

'l^kdmao

'

'^*feCT*2.

A

taqwoirat-

taqwwrti-

tama

moal

^^nnA'

J&'fe^mJ^

yjqqwwrat- yiqqwojrdttarn

tamal

receive froni

taqabab-

i'4»fl'flA
yiqqabab-

*

balu o

t.

(-aya-)

(-qaya-)

[-ay^y(j)i-] ,

await each i-'fe^^'h'PA

+*fe^^

other, recip.

taqw^ayyu

'i'^md.

be

taqwattara

knotted,

(-qaya-)

Ji'fe^P

taqwi^iS-

yiqqw^-

taual

ayyii

ayyallu

i-^TjJrA |

taqwdtr6al yiqqwattar yiqqwdtta(-tar)

't^mm

be clipped,

+4*rp,A

taqattata

P-

taqattSal

I

balallu o

yiqqw^-

(-tara)

i

yiqqattat lyiqqattatai

tababalu (tayaya-)

al

[tayay(i)l-]

ral (-tar-)

|&4»niT !

say to -hn-flA'PA j&nnAeach other ltabab(i)lau-' yibbabdlu

i-nn/V-

j&'fe^m'^A

(-aya-)

JZ-flnAA-

yibbaba"l§;ilu

(-aya-)

;;

Appendix A. Jussive

(§27)

Imperative (§28)

469

Gerund

Infinitive

Participle

(§29)

(§30)

(§31)

<wi«feC*feC

taqwwrqwu- maqqwwr-

taqwwr-

qwwr

taqarqib''o

qwdri

maqqarqab

(-qar-,-iy"o) (-qar-, -ay)

(-qar-, -ay)

maqqwojr- taqwwrtami

yiqqwwr-

taqwwr-

tam o

tim^'o

yiqqabd-

taqababalu taqabdb(i)- maciqabd-

•

balu o

tam o •

(-avdva) o o \

•

•

-^

(-avdva-)

taqabd-

lau o

bal (-avdval, o o

[-ayay(i)l-]

-yal)

\

•

•

o

'

baio (-aydydi

8r-ayy°§6)

yiqqwcoiam taqwcuiciiu

taqwwiai-

ma(iqwwi-

tau o

aiat o

-t^fnd

yiqqwatar

taqwatari taqwdtr^'o maqqwdtar, "

(-tar)

Vtar)

maqqatat taqdtdc

yiqqatat

taqdtt^o

yibbabdlu

itabdb(i)lau mabbdbdl tababdlu ^O' o O O o

(-ayd-)

(tayaya-)

[tayay(i)l-]

(-dydl

;

§

8)

(§

8)

tabdbdi (tavavdi

j

§8;-dyy§6)

470

Appendix A.

472

Comp.

Simp. perf.

(§25)

tandzzara O o o o

perf.

Contingent

Comp. imperf.

(§26)

(§32)

(§32)

be spun,

i'ilf^^

P-

tanazrSal

yinndzzar yinnazzaral

(-zara)

(-zar)

(-zar-)

stretch

tantararra o *o

oneself,

yintararra yintararral

tantardro o •

r.

(-tar-)

t6al

(§

7c note;

(§

7c note

(-tar-)

-tar-)

-tar-)

tdkkitoal

yitakka

yitakkal

;

substitute,

takka o

t.

"(t^-)

be paid takasa o o

je,h^A

(as fine),

yikkds

yikkdsal

yikkwdt

yikkwdtal

yikkafako o o

yikkafako o o

kaf o

kafal o

takisoal

P-

(tik-)

be dug, takwata o o

takwutoal

P-

"

(tak-)

^h^h4^A

be takafako o o

sprinkled, takaf kifoal

kafa o o

P-

tawcuqqa

threshed,

(tauw-)

p. ^

tazaraQ:o:a ~^

stretched,

(tazar-)

P-

be

be O

O

o

'

«/

^ID^A

+a)4*;tA

yiwwwqqa yiwwojqqal

tawoJqtSal i

•/

M

"/x-

(tauoj-)

(yuwcJ-)

(yuww-)

i'HC*7:f:A

f^m,p

i&H^jJA

tazargit5al yizzaragga yizeardggal (tazar-)

(-zar-)

(-ziir-)

see each

ta^dyyu

other, recip.

ta^taual yitta^^yyu

|yitta>ayy§;i-

,

° i

I

lu

Appendix A. Imperative

Jussive

(§27)

(§

Gerund

•/

Infinitive

(§30)

tanazr^o o o

mannazar o o o

mantardrdt tantarara intardr tantarart^o itardrt O o o o o O

yintardra o O

•

•

(§

7c note

(§31)

(-zar)

(-zar)

•'

Participle

(§29)

28)

yinndzar o o o

473

'(-tar-)

;

(-tar-)

(§

7c note

-tar-

-tar-)

yitdkka

takka

;

§

;

8)

-Mfl-f

eiD'l'll'l'

takkit^^o o

matakkdt o o

(tak-)

(§«)

o

aolltl

+h7i

yjkkds

tdkis^^o o

makkds

tdkas o

(§8)

(tak-)

(§8)

(§8)

yfkkwdt

tdkwut''o

mdkkwdt

o

Vak-)

'(§

«)

makkdfkaf takdfkir^o o o o o o o

yikkdfkaf * o o o

takafkdfi

•hai*fe

tawwqf'o mawwojqdt (mauww(tauw-)

yiwwojqa (yuwcJ-)

;

yizzarga

tazdrffi ~

(-zar-)

(-zar-l § 8)

(tazar-)

ta^^aitau

matta^aiat

i-y^ yitta^aiu

i

ta^^aiu

(taua-, -cJqi)

mazzargdt

tazar^it^'o o o ~o

(-zar-)

tawdqi

e

o

o

o

o

A

Appendix A.

474 Simp.

Comp.

perf.

(§25)

be hidden,

tadabbaqa

(§32)

JR^n4»

-hft-n^

tad|bbi-

p.

Comp. imperf.

Contingent (§26)

perf.

(§32)

yiddabbaq yiddabba-

I

qoal

be tadabddo o o

daba

qal

^^n^-fl

'hA'flJtQ.A

I

massacred,! tad|bdi-

yiddabad- >iddabado o o •^

dab o

boal

(-da-

,

dabal

(-da-

(-daydiyo-) (-dayadday) yaddayal)

yaddaya)

be aimed, tadaj^o-ana

-t^^lX^ ^daggj-

,

P-

tadaflfa o

(-dag-)

be turned down, p.

tadaftSal

yidddffa

be closed

'^^¥XA

ff^^iL-i

o

'^'^ih

up»

tadafFana o o o o

yiddaggan yiddagga-

noal (-dag-)

(-dag-)

j&^TTA

^?Xi

nal (-dag-)

yiddafFal

i

f,f^i^^^

tadaf(i)n6al yiddaffan yiddaffanal

P-

°

(-d^fFana)

(-daffan)

(-dif-)

(-ddffan-) ,

I

be

^;^'^'A

inter-

rupted,

taggwwla

^;^7"AA

taggwiiloal yittaggwojl yittaggww-

P-

lal

-MAm

be

tagallata oc o o o

disclosed,

(-gal-)

P-

^lA^A

+7Arii,A

I

•

tagaltSal

yiggallat

yiggallatal

(-gal-)

(-gallat)

(-g^l-)

I

be cupped,

^;M'^A

;^'7'^A

/

taggama

tagmoal

yittaggam

yittagga-

mal

+7^H tagarraza O'-' O O O

be circum-l cised, i

p.

i'7C»l,A

tagarriz5al ©CJ o o ^

I

I

(-gar-)

JE.7^HA

yiggdrraz

yfegarrazal

476

478

Appendix A.

Simp. perf. (§

Comp.

25)

Contingent (§26)

perf.

(§32)

Com p.

imperf.

(§32)

+6EL^^A

be distressed, tacannaqa o -lo o o •

yiccannaq

tacanqSal

yiccannaqal

cry to each

tacoacoahu °

other,

yiccodcoa-

tacodcuo

recip.

•

"(§ ^cl)

haual o vomit,

yiccoacoa-

" hu

hallu

je.i'4-A

t.

taflfa

taftoal o

o

vitafa o O

yitafal o

»

o

»'

be tafalaffala o o

o

o

scooped,

o

tafalfiloal o

yiffalaflfal o o

(-fal-)

(-fal)

o

P-

alternate,

tafararraqa To o o

o

•^

o O oo

o

yifFalafFalal *'o

OO

yiffararraq yiffararraO •/

qoal

tafaqdq-

love each other, recip.

qaru

o

'td,^C^fi\.

tafardr(i)-

o

o

o

o

qal

tafaqaq(i)-

yiffaqaq-

yifFaqaqqa-

raual

qaru

rallu

tafat(i)l6al

yiffattal o

yilFattalal

(-fattal)

(°fatta°l-)

j

be woven, tafattala o o o o

P-

•^

(-fattala)

(-fat-)

o

o

sprinkle,

nasdnnasa o o o o

t.

nasnis5al o

p

(nas-)

yinasdnnis yinasannio o o o »'

sal

480

;

Appendix A. Imperative

Jussive

(§27)

(§

28)

nazniz

yinazniz

481

Gerund

Infinitive

Participle

(§29)

(§30)

(§31)

VTi^H

ao'iiri'n

nazniz^^o

manaznaz

naznaz (§8)

mdlam o yarrakkib

arrakkib o o

(-rak-, -iy)

{-r4k-, -iy)

aldmi

marrakkab arrakkdbi

arrakkio o

(-rak-, -ay)

b''o (-rak-,

(-riik-,

-dyi)

|

-iv^'o)

hcna ydr<^ib

drgib

drgib^'o

mdrgab ^o

argdbi

(-iy)

(-iy)

(-iy"o)

(-ay)

(-dyi)

yarraggib

arrdggib

arraggib'' o

(-jy)

(-iv"o)

(-av)

(-dyi)

tdrgiz

drgiz

argiza

marjraz

argdz (§8)

yaslaqcijq

aslaiiqiq

(-14(1-)

(-laq-)

marrdggab arraggdbi

1

asUciqki^o masla(|qaq aslacjqdqi (-Idq-)

yasrakkib

asrakkib o o

(-rak-, -iy)

(-rak-,-iy)

yasradda

asradda

?ift/.hn

'^ft^h-n

hft^lnn

asrakkabi masrakkab o o o

asrakkib'^^o o o

(-rak-, iy^o) (-rak-, -ay)

i

(-riik-, -dyi)

asraddit^o masradddt asraj j (-rajj i§8; -'Jl-jji) (§8) |

I

AM. GR.

(ll)

31

482

Appendix A. Gerund

483

Jussive

Imperative

(§27)

(§28)

yasqwwyy

asqwcJyy

asqwcJy-

masqwwy-

(§8)

(§8)

yit^^o o

yat

yasqwwtta

asciwwtta

(§

29)

./

Infinitive

Participle

(§30)

(§31)

asqwcuttif' o masqwwttat

(§8)"

yasattim

asattim o

asattim^^o O

yastdfta

astdffa o

astdff'it^o O

i

O

asqwwcc (-6£U -cci)

masattam o

asattami

mastafFat o

astdffi o

(§8)

yasjinnis

asannis o

asannis^'o O

i

[

masannas o

asiinnds (§8)

yasakkik

asakkik o

asakkik^'o

yaswojiTid

aswcorrid o

aswo>rrid''o

masakkak

asakkdki

maswwrrad aswwrrdj (§8)

yaswwtta

aswaitta

aswcjttit^o masvvwttdt I

aswacc o •

(§8)"

•

(-wwcc, -(SL -cci)

yasddbbiq

asdabbiq asdabbi q o "^

m asddbbaq

asdabbdqi 31—2

84

Appendix A. Jussive

Imperative

(§27)

(§28)

yasdabdib o o •z

(-d^ydiy)

Gerund (§

29)

asdabdib^'o asdabdib o o o o (-d^ydiy)

(-davdiv^'o)

485 Infinitive

Participle

(§30)

(§31)

masdabo dab

asdabddbi o (-dayddyi)

(-davdjiv)

yasdangit

asddngit

iiasddn<2rai dan<>it'' asdan<>it''o ~o o O C?0"

asdang'dc

(-ddn-)

(dan-)

(-dan-)

(-dangat)

yasaddif

asdddif o

asaddif'^o o

masaddaf

asadddfi

yasgabba

assrdbba

sgabl asffabbif'o masorabbat

asgdbbi

(-dati-;§8)

(§°8)

yasj'ittir

asdttir''o

asdttir

masattar

asattdri

(-tar)°

yastarra

yascin

yascdn

(§ 8)

astdrra

ascin

ascan

(§

8)

astarrif^o o o

mastarrdt o

astarri

(-tar-)

(§8)

(-tar-)

ascin^o

mascdn

ascan

(§8)

(§8; -fin §6;

•

•

-*^

-nni)

;

Appendix A.

486

Comp.

Simp. perf.

K+Am^J. aqalattafa

Contingent

perf.

(§32)

(§25)

cause to hasten, t

(§

26)

^tATi:

1

Comp. imperi (§

32)

^^AT'l-A

yaqalattif yaqalattifal

aqaltifoal (-qal-)

procure aqqattara

for hire, t.

yaqqattir yaqqattiral

aqqat(i)-

roal

(-tara)

increase,

abazza

t.

^V-M^A

t.

anazzara o o o

anziroal o

(-zara)

(anizr-)

stretch,

whistle,

^'Jm^^A (-tar-)

(-t^r-)

(-tar-)

anfwdctoal

yanfwacc

yanfwaccal

^
;^'PA^

;^'PA^A^

awwal(i)-

tawwallid o

tawwallio

dallac

(taiiw-)

dallac

i.

anfvvacca

(-fwayyt-

-ea»\}

-ccah, etc.

(auw-; -ace

§

act as midwife to, t.

7^0

(auw-

§6)

;

I

'

(auoj-)

start raid,

on a i.

,

(tauw-

-ace

-ace

§6)

awwrrara o o

yanaz(i)ral

antarartoal yantararra yantararral

(-tiir-)

awwalladac o

yandz(i)r

t.

antararra

2nd

yabazal

(dyz-, abizt-, (yaya-, -S,za) (yaya-, -azal)

spin,

G. hl^ea,

yabaza

dbzitoal o

(aya-, -az-)

§

6)

AlflH^A

yaiC

awiirrSal

yawwrr

yawoj'rral

(dull-)

(yauw-)

(yaucJ-)

488

A2)pendix A. Comp.

Simp. perf. (§

25)

Contingent

perf.

(§32)

(.§

Comp. imperf.

26)

(§32)

take to war,

azammata

^H9";l-A

t.

hn^^,^

send to

hnao'f'

^'^^'

azzammata o o o

yazamt

dzimtoal

^I

yazamtal

^H9";^A yazzammit yazzammio o

azzamniio o

i'

I

hm

tal

toal

I

rust,

t.

Ai-M^A azigoal

azdiia

ydzigal (yazigal)

^^^rt adarrasa o o o

h^^^

cause to

^JtCO.A

amve,

adirsoal

t.

dry,

t.

addrraqa ©A© O

Ma\ adata

^AC^A yadars

yaddrsal

(-dars)

(-dir-)

ddirqoal

yadarq

yadarqal

(Sdriq-)

(-darq)

(-d°^r-)

dditoal

yddit

^JtCItA

cause to sliP'

*•

^J^'^A yddital (yadital)

aggwojla

interrupt,

hT-^^

t.

aggwiiloal

^T^AA ygiggwul

yaggwulal

I

hlao

cup,

t.

dofffama

M'JA

^'7'^A

asTiioal

yag(i)m

yagmal

^7rt*7ft

^7rt*70A

I

ag(g)asagGrasa ~ o o

cause to travel fast,

^^ft'70.A

ag(g)asgi- iyag(g)as^: yag(g)asdgo oO sdal gisal gis I

[-(g)asg-]

'

(-sag-)

(-sag-)

Appendix A. Jussive (§

27)

489

Imperative (§28)

Gerund

Infinitive

Participle

(§29)

(§30)

(§31)

azimt o

dzimt^^o o

mdzmat o

azmac

(-mat)

(§8)

ydzimt

azzdmmit yazzammit o o

azzammio o

•'

dzig^^o

mazzdm- azzammdc o mat (-mat) (§8)

mdzdg

8)

(§

azdgi

8)

(§

yddirs

ddjrs

adirs'^'o

madras o

adrds (§8)

yddirq

ddirq

ddircj^^o

madraq

adrdqi

(adriq)

(Sdri(i-)

o

ddit^'o

ySggwul

aggwiil

y|gam

i"ram o~ O

aggwid^o

mdddt

(§

8)

addc

(§

8)

maggwwl

Mr mdffam

agdmi

ag(g)as-

mag(g)as

ag(g)asgds

gis^^o

gas

(§8)

affm^^o hlh'lf^

yag(g)^sgis ag(g)dsgis [-(g)asg-]

[-(g)asg-] I

I

1

[-(g)asg-]

Not ^llf*^^,

as given in Part

I,

p. 341.

Appendix A.

490

Comp.

Simp. perf. (§

25)

MH

help,

(§

Comp. imperf.

|

26)

(§

32)

t.

G. agzoal

ao:2:aza oo o

Contingent

peif.

(§32)

o

S.

tie tight,

G. ydgzal

G. yag(i)z

j

dggizoal S. yaggiz

S.

yaggizal

t.

atabbaqa guard,

t.

yatabq

yatabqal

(^tyi-,

(-^yq,

(-ayq--

atibq-,

-abbiq)

4bbiq-)

dtbiqoal

i

-iyq-)

atabbiqoal ^<J.^^4»

alternate,

affararraqa

t-

^ii.^C^A affarar(i)-

qoal

yaffararriq yafFararri-

i

qal

j

^¥*^A

love.

afaqqara

^dJ^C

^
yafaq(i)r

yafaqral

hC'^^fis.

yc^

^C^iA

afoccitoal

yafocc

yafoccal

ifqivm I

(afiqr-)

fiCcH. S.

whistle,

i.

afocca

2nd

-fiCktl

-ccah, etc. hrt

pay

kdsao

fine),

prickle,

h»rtli«»rt

kwojsdko

kwwsae (-swkkosa)

i

hO.A

(as t.

t.

ja,ln«^A

kisoal

yikfs o o

vikisal

^hortvf-ft

^hortvf-^A

•/

hoftvf-5LA

kwcJskwu-

yjkwojsdk-

yikwojsakJ

s6al

j

I

kwtis (-scJk-)

I

'

kwusal (-swk-)

Appendix A.

492 Simp.

Comp.

perf.

(§25)

(§

dig,

perf.

32)

Contingent (§

26)

kwtitoal loot,

yikwiit

wwrroal

thresh,

yiwwrr

yiwwrral

(yuw-)

(yuo;-)

yiwcJqa

yiwcJqal

(yuce^-)

(yuaJ-)

l&fflj^A

t.

wwqqa

wcuqtoal

withdraw,

wwggada

i.

yikwiital

^al^A

t,

wwrrara o e

(§32)

/i1r^;^A

t.

kwdtao

Comp. imperf.

je.a)'7^A

wc«;g(gi)d5al yiwo;g(gi)d (yucJ-)

dal (yuo;-)

HA4»

zallaqa

come

(pass out of) Sight,

m

into

rust,

t.

dabbaqa

dabbiqoal o o J-

^fl^fl

massacre,

dabaddaba o o o o

^-

dabdiboal

(dayadda-

(daydiyo-)

ya)

aim,

j&HA^A

yjzalq

yizdlqal

/Z-Tf*?

i.

zigoal hide,

jz.ha4»

1.

zdo^a

^n+

zalqoal

t.

^•7>,A^

dd<'«»ana

ddgorinoal

(dag-)

(d%-)

494

Ajypendix A. Contingent

Comp. imperf.

(§32)

(§26)

(§32)

daftoal o

yidafa O O

yidafal o o

daf(i)n6al

yidaf (i)n

Vaf-)

(-daf-)

Comp.

Simp. perf. (§25)

perf.

turn down, ddfFa

t.

^
close up,

daffana o o o

t.

(ddttana)

*'

grdllata o o o o •

(g-al-)

stink,

devour,

t.

ffwwrrasa circumcise,! o

o

t.

Q'dbbara ~o o o (-bara)

pay a

(-daf-)

galtoal

yjgait

yigaltal

(gal-)

(-gait)

Tg^i-)

gamtoal

yigama

yigamal

'2-CO.A

^7"Cft

^1-C^A

gwwrsoal

yigwcu'rs

yigwwrsal

^arrizoal

yiorarriz o~ o o

yigrarrizal 0~ o o

(gar-)

(-gar-)

(-gar-)

yigrabbir o~ o

yigrabbiral

^7*^A

ICJiA

o

70^

yidaf(i)nal

i.

gamma

srarraza ~

i

^7AT

disclose, t.

•/

*'

t/

tax,

gdbbir5al

i.

improve,

v

O

i.

7"f-h

drag,

^7'•^;^A

t.

gwcJttata

gwc(jt(ti)toal yigwait(ti)t

yigwwt(ti)tal

Qfdzzata

excommu-

TM:i:A

nicate,

ffdzzitoal O o o

t.

/^.7'H;^A

yig^zzi*

yigazzital

^

96

:

;

;

498

B

APPENDIX

GRAMMATICAL NOTE refers to the

§

§ 7c?,

p. 26, (§

1.

4&)

4 :

dra!

and

a,

paragraphs of the Grammar (Initia Amharica, Part I).

{add) gfiz in

:

but

V,

^,

a in U interchanging with

h^V^ told me

qwwtrahau

7d, p. 28

sg.

suffixes

Ti, h, e.g.

in the

2nd m. (§§ 25, 29) {§ 12c) which have

(dlxan ^ATi^, dlkan

•feT-

you counting

^Ah^) you it

in the preposition

ha- U- G. §

usually a

as connecting vowel

alhan

and

is

a in

it is

on their receiving the (a)

h,

hd why!,

simple perfect and gerund a

%

:

= ka-

h-

rdyi, a: (add)

(§

47a)

at, in,

from.

Pronunciations such as warka

warka 'PCh sycamore, gambill^'o gambill^'o p9^'il/)r gardenia, zangdda

(wwr-) fliCh for iJ^-flA" for

zangada HTrp^ Eleushte multijlora, heard in Dambya and Dam''6t, are probably due to the influence of Auni { Agaiiiiiia) ^ (-gada) for

^

Cp. Reinisch, Quara.,

gedehntes a mit hellem

a.

§

7

....

veniiengt das Quaresa haufig

Cp. Reinisch, Chamir.,

§ 1 1.

:

Appendix B. §

^d, p. 32,

1.

4

{add)

:

with following

4»

sometimes pronounced c ces for q>es

*&ft,

499 i,

^ is

or

y,

9^1'^ and Eth.

(cp.

priest,

masaqsaca for masaqsaqya

m>rt4'rt*fe^

tooth-

pick. § 7f/, p.

35,

1.

10:

and

(ac?^/)

z arising

does not interchange with yfjj^e for yfzz>e 96, p. 51,

1.

-wgvf.

12a, p. 56,

—

^Tf

1.

M*

hCrtfP,

nom.

dntun,

pi. h'i'i^.

z>e

76)

(§

have heard

44c), I seizing.

but

less so

antu\ you,

ace.

than hl'P'i

with article and preposition

yantuitun (f, e.g.

ydntuun (-twun) amatta, he

(m., e.g. bull), ^'i'Pf^'U'i

(-twit-)

non

-•

haotn

••.

amdtta, he brought yours

cow);

Declared by some to be obsolescent;

p. 466, 'h'i'^i

I

(§

6: {add) sg. 2nd, pol.,

brought yours

'. ..

zi,

sg.

yt'Pah'iihaofli'.

^

I

10: {read) The pi. is formed by adding _w55 (v^-occ before a vowel § 6) to the last

consonant of the §

but

Dambya and G^qjjdm

occasionally in

§

j,

from

6 pifi in

ora Vtx'i'P e specialmente

il

e.g.

Guidi, Vocab.

and Guidi, Prov. -'^ non si usano quasi

uso nelle

cittk,'

p.

82

pitt'

accordingly omitted this pronoun and the suffixes and verbal

forms corresponding to

it

in compiling

Part

I,

such experience

had at the time (1905) agreeing with Guidi's remarks. I have heard them fairly frequently in Weolqait, S|,gad^e, Woj'gara, Sim^en, Taqwcwssa, Dambya, B^^as I

Since then, however,

gamdir, G'^ojjam, Dam'^^ot and Sana (Shoa), both in town and country, and therefore append

them

here.

; ;

500

;

;

:

;

:

Appetidix B. conjunctive with nouns -'^ -hwii or

-li-

rt.^'V^

b^ethwu^

ace. n.^'V-^

§

Id

(y)

n4*A"'V"

p. 30)

(-tuh),

your house,

(-au^),

conjunctive with verbs

the suffix

(§ 12c),

-hwu or

-ih

above)

connecting vowel, a

(a)

26, 27,

your master, baqP'^ohwu (-ou^), your mule

1^'Y' g^etahvvii

:

Id pp.

§

b^ethwun^

(^)

-'Y'

125), the suffix:

-hu (usually -uh

after a vowel -u^ (a)

(§

(infix):

-hu (with displacement of u as

^'ilC'h yingarhwu

and none him tell you,

(a)

(-ruh), let

^V*7^:^A yinagrahwal (-rahwal, -rauhal),

he tells you h^^l^O'9^ aindgrahum tell (/3)

(y)

(-rah-),

he will not

you

rtfli-f 'V^

sattaccihwti (-ccuh), she gave you;

naggarau^ he told you; h^'i1^0'9° alnaoro^arahum, he did not tell you; 'il^'h naggaruhwti (-ruuh, -rwuh), they V7^'V-

^

(S)

told you

sammahu

he heard you;

(-mau^),

(Q

rt'^'V-

(rj)

rtT^:5^Ai>-

(0)

have given to you; >*7(rAA nagr^ohwal (-r^ouhal), he has

saticc^ ehwdllau'^

(-cyuhal-),

I

told you. (§

136) Vi>

(§17)

nahu (nahu,

^ft-V-^rdshwu^

1

-t-h-,

not

(-juh), etc.,

-6-, (§ 3).

are.

ndfshwti^

V^Pft-V-

(na-, -VS-, -suh), fl7H

jhwu

you

ndu^), (-suh), ••

JiK-lr-

••

bagazzdj-

yourself

-s-h-,

not

-S-,

(§ 3).

;

;

Appendix B. Indicative simp. perf.

2nd

sg.

(§

pol. suffix

501

25)

-'V-

-hwti or -ih -hu

(-hti,

or with displacement of u as above, also after a consonant

-kii, -kti

§

7c? p. 31): last

radical sddis

Contingent Prefix

Gerund

(§

suffix

26)

(§

1*- ti-,

suffix -u

29) -a'V^,

-ahwti (-ahwu,

allahwu

(§

32a)

htsrY-

(§

32&)

^A4'0I>•;^A'V

picking

(-liih-, -lau^'),

you are;

tilaqmutallau'\

you are

it.

simp, perf

Ind.

(§34)

-au*^).

laqqamhwu

A+J^1r-

(-amuh, -mhii, -mku, -mkil), you picked,

Comp. perf

A4»<w»:^A

Idqmahwal

(-mah-,

-mauhal), G. also A+lT'o-'^A Idqqam-

hunnal,

Comp. imperf ^A4»*^A'^ CoNT.

l'A4»tfi»«

tilaqmdllau^,

tilaiimu.

Imp. A+tfo* Ifqamu,

Ger. ^^ao•^ laqmahwu (-mah-, -mau^). ^^"Y- rabahwti

(§43a)

were or (§

(§ (33c?)

(ray-,

-ah-, -yau^),

you

are hungry.

AhA-V^ idkallihwu (lakd-, -Huh), he sent

47a)

to or for^ you.

j&AhA'AA he §

12a, p. 56,

1.

7:

^

will

yilikillihwal (-Hkf-, -lluhal),

send to or for^ you.

for hCfi^Oh read hCfi^Oh. Sent for

= misit,

not arcessivit.

Appendix B.

502

(add) The polite forms of address 1. 8: and reference include both genders.

§

12a, p. 56,

§

12c, p. 61,

1.

24

:

/2,V*7^yA yindgrahal (-ah-)

:

{add) occa-

sionally JiV*7CyA yinagrihal. §

12c, p. 61,

note

1:

(add) or f!/ilC9* yfngar^o

or f^my*^' yfngara'^ot

(-gar-).

§13&, p. 69, hah

(add)

sg. „

§

44c, p. 138,

1.

2nd

pol. also

3rd f 11

:

S.

^^Oh

*^ nac

ndc(c)au.

(-cc

for yizallau^ read

§ 6).

yizzallau*^.

(-gar-),

1

503

C

APPENDIX NOTE ON PROF.

GUIDI'S

REVIEW OF PART

in the Gottingische gelehrte Anzeigen,

p. 934,

-riA

see that of the type li^

parative p. 936,

8-21.

11.

(§ 8, p.

'flA",

43).

"le question! «2:lottologiche o com-

29-32.

11.

Nov. 1909, pp. 933-7.

For the accentuation of T^,

21-28.

11.

I.

these are touched on in Part III.

"

;

was not until

It

I

had heard the com-

pound perfect in -*?A repeatedly used (by Amharas of G^oj.jam) that I proceeded to describe

in

it

§

32c.

On

enquiry

I

was told

was ^fJ^nilC-. It is used much less commonly than the form A*^A, but I have heard it fairly often in G^ojjam and that

it

Dam^Ot from M^6ta there that

1

Guidi

is

it

and was told use in Daray^e^

to Bur>e,

was especially

in

of course not responsible for a remark of Afevork

which he quotes

:

"

EgH

cosl

mi

scrive

:

A+aoVA*

hlWi'

there is such bad ft/V^jPs:" (l(iqqamannal....I don't believe Amharic even in the country of the blacks, much less in G^ojexpression of disjam). I am inclined to question whether an not familiar has is one which with form and abuse of a belief in

much

scientific value,

not to mention good

taste.

Appendix

604 p. 937,

1.

non

C.

vede chiara I'utilita di questa lunga appendice, in luogo della quale sarebbe "...

9.

si

stato pill opportune porre dei dialoghi ovvero

dei brevi e facili testi."

long

list

sidered

it

This refers to the

of principal parts of verbs.

I

con-

necessary in view of the incomplete

treatment of the verb in the body of the grammar, and because a list of this kind is what I myself should most have liked to have in my hands when first I began to try to speak Amharic. Phrases and dialogues will be found in Parts II. and III.

CAMBRIDGE

:

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—

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II.

edition, revised

Specimens of Hausa Literature. Robinson, M.A. without Facsimiles,

Lectures

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Languages

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12s.

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4to.

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By

the Rev. Ch.^rles Henry Transliteration and Notes,

Translation,

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Comparative

from the papers of

Grammar

William Wright, LL.D.

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