Beginners' German (Classic Reprint)

GIFT or •^ THE WALTER -KRAUSE GERMAN SERIES BEGINNERS' GERMAN THE WALTER-KRAUSE GERMAN SERIES BEGINNERS' GERMA...

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GIFT or

•^

THE WALTER -KRAUSE GERMAN SERIES

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

THE WALTER-KRAUSE GERMAN SERIES

BEGINNERS'

GERMAN

BY

MAX WALTER, Ph.D. DIRECTOR OF THE MUSTERSCHULE (REALGYMNASIUM) FRANKFURT VISITING PROFESSOR, TEACHERS COLLEGE, COLUMBIA ,

AM MAIN

UNIVERSITY, IQII

AND

CARL

A.

KRAUSE,

Ph.D.

HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT OF MODERN LANGUAGES, JAMAICA HIGH SCHOOL, N.Y. LECTURER ON METHODS OF TEACHING MODERN LANGUAGES NEW YORK UNIVERSITY

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK CHICAGO BOSTON

Copyright, 1912, by

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS

m(r i

C.

TO

WILHELM VIETOR,

Ph.D.

PROFESSOR IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MARBUR*

Our Friend and Leader

IS

THIS BOOK GRATEFULLY INSCRIBED

232681

Digitized by the Internet Archive in

2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft

Corporation

http://www.archive.org/details/beginnersgermanOOwaltrich

PREFACE mTlt^T greubc an ber

Beginners' German

German

is

the basic book of the Walter-Krause

One purpose

Series.

®We."

initiate the learner into the

book

of this introductory

language of every-day

life

is

to

as well

as into the literary language, thereby insuring a realistic vocab-

pupil,

As we we have

cess.

At

ulary.

start with the

times

all

immediate environment of the

the best of foundations for interest and for suc-

we

are taking cognizance of the living

adolescent and not of abstract pedantry.

The work

an out-

is

growth of actual class-room experience.

The

first lessons,

at least, are intended quite as

much

for the

We

beg leave to give the following mode of using Beginners' German

teacher as for the pupil.

an effective although no teacher is expected to hints as to

—

tie

himself

down

to one par-

ticular system:

Develop the material

(i)

orally,

with books closed.

by questions and answers whether the pupils have the proper imderstanding of the oral work. Every answer Ascertain

(2)

should be repeated by the (3) Call for

class.

a continuous oral review of the whole (with

2t\t-

ftMe).

(5)

Have the assignment read, individually and in chorus. Let the matter covered be written or dictated.

(6)

Be

(4)

sure that definite grammatical facts are gained in

each lesson.

Let a thorough

Do

sounds be connected with all begina wrong pronunciation pass muster.

drill in

ning lessons; never

let

not assign a lesson unless

The

student,

down

it

has been prepared in

class.

book are intended for the to insure proper review at home. Such review may be

questions as laid

in our

vii

GERMAN

BEGINNERS

vni

Of

do not limit the any way and are merely suggestive. But they do outline the work of the learner definitely so that the matter in hand shall be thoroughly dealt with and mastered. Answers should always be given in complete

oral or written.

course, these questions

individual teacher in

sentences.

The Grammar and

is

based directly upon the work of each lesson

is

learned inductively.

We

and teaching

are not talking

grammar but, better than that, we talk and teach grammar. The learner will formulate for himself, from his own

about

experience,

laws and rules and this very

certain linguistic

creative laboratory

work

will

be a pleasure to him.

It will de-

velop his powers of observation and will cause him to use his

own judgment

rather than to accept that of an

^*

authority."

Such botanizing work will be his mental property and will not be done in futuram oblivionem. Some of the later selections deal with German life and customs. We hope that the students will gain thereby an acquaintance with Germany and the Germans. The progress of each class with our book will depend, of For Lessons 36-41 course, upon a number of circumstances. we have furnished Supplementary Reading to illustrate more fully the use of Compound Verbs, of the Subjunctive, and of

Modal Auxiliaries. A number of Reproduction purposes,

may

after

Lesson

Exercises are added for review

27.

Translation

be practised occasionally after

printed

the

text,

as

well

and retranslation

as

two

of

additional

The Grammatical Tables essentials of German Accidence

separately.

the absolute

language

foreign

The melodies

has been essentially mastered. given in

the

the songs ones,

are

furnish only in systematic

arrangement.

We

desire to express our hearty thanks to a

colleagues both in

America and

in

Germany

for

number

many

of our

valuable

PREFACE

IX

hints. We are also under great obligation to the Frankfurter Lesebuch-Kommission, to Karl HessePs Deutsche Lesebucher,

to Kameradschaft, Berlin, to Seringas Chorgesangbuch, and to N. G. Elwert, Marburg, for their kindness in permitting us to use some of their selections or publications. Especially do we acknowledge our gratitude to Dr. A. Busse, Associate Professor of German, Normal College of the City of New York, for his kind advice and assistance in reading both manuscript and proof. The Authors. February jgi2. y

CONTENTS PAGE

Preface

Map

vii

of Germany

facing

Introductory: Alphabet

i

Table of German Sounds with Explanations Lesson

I.

3

— Days Conversation — Days (Declension of Conversation — Months (Declension Conversation — Seasons (Declension Conversation

(tft,

finb;

itjarcn;

ttjar,

h)irb,

n)erbcn fein)

II.

III.

IV.

V.

VI. VII. VIII.

XI.

of

btti^

.

9

.

11

.

Sftftt)

of bcr ^crlbft;

.

— Multiplication Tables (ber-words) — Arithmetical Problems (Conjugation of pronouns of address) Conversation — Family (Declension word formation Conversation — Cardinal Numbers (Declension of a^onat) Conversation — Parts of the Day (Conjugation of ordinal numbers) Conversation — Time Day (Conjugation of Conversation Conversation

.

bin;

of

citt

X.

7 btc SSod^c)

word formation un-) Conversation on preceding work (Word-order; impersonal verbs; word formation -c) D ^annenBaum (Review; word formation -\)txi) .

\6)

IX.

3a]^r;

-tiftcn,

citlC

-Icin)

of

— Parts

of

Body

26 28

Conversation

...

ginger, btc ^ai^nt)

— Date

32

34

of btc ^inbcr, bic

.

2>^

39 (Ordinals and numerals com-

pleted) 2)te Sotcici (i) (^cinc)

30

(Declension of bie

^ngen) Conversation (Review of nouns; prepositions with dative)

XVII.

22

t(^

future tense; numerals continued)

Conversation St|)^jcn, btc

XVI.

20

trff

XIV. Conversation (Declension

XV.

16 18

cttl

ftierbe;

XIII.

13

iBod^e,

i^abc;

XII.

i

42 (^abcn and fcin in

tenses)

compound 43

xi

beginners' German

xii

PAGE

XVIII. ^te

Sorelei

(2)

and

(3)

word

on nouns;

(Drill

formation -ung)

45

— Class tense; imperative) Conversation — Class

XIX. Conversation

XX.

ives;

present

(cttt-words,

neuter;

(cm- words,

feminine;

47 reflex-

nc^mc)

t(^

XXI. Conversation

— Class

ives, completed; pronouns)

50 (ctn- words,

id)

masculine; reflex-

ixaqt; declension of personal

53

XXII. Unfcr Scftulsimmer

(i)

(Compound nouns;

preposi-

tions with dative or accusative)

XXIII. Unfcr

57

weak

©cfttttsimmcr (2) (Preterit of

formation

word

verbs;

60

-ifcft)

XXIV.

Unfcr ©t^ul^aui^ (Prepositions with accusative; per-

XXV.

Unfcrc Sd^utc (Comparison of adjectives and ad-

and pluperfect)

fect

62

verbs)

XXVI.

65

Xm;

S3ci

<Sttttc matijt

agreement

(Adverbial compounds;

(i)

pronouns;

of

pronouns;

indefinite

66

strong declension of adjectives)

XXVII. $Io^rcgcn

(Preterit

of

strong verbs; coordinating

69

conjunctions)

XXVIII.

XXIX.

XXX.

$cibcnrdi^(ctn (©octl^e) (Review; strong verbs)

...

(Sbelmann unb ©drtncr (Interrogative and relative pronouns; word formation)

Review

XXXI. ^a^

(Classification of strong verbs)

foftbarc ^rdntlcin

tives,

feminine

(Weak

singular

'.

^ai^

tdgltdftc

plural;

irregular

81

S3rot

(Weak

declension of adjectives,

neuter singular and plural; word formation)

XXXIII. ^ic

bctttfdftc

(Weak

XXXIV. ^a§

XXXV.

^aifcrfomiltc; ^cil bir

.

im ©icgcrfranj

.

and

declension of adjectives, masculine singuplural;

bcutfd^c

.

.

9ictcft

-tg, -bar)

XXXVI.

@tn Sricf;

ble verbs; verbs with dative;

trcuc

87 90 93

SSanbcrfcftaft (i) (Inseparable

and separa-

prepositions with

genitive)

XXXVII. ^cr

84

(i)

word formation -ling, -It^) (Mixed declension of adjectives). ^ic SSac^t am Oi^icin (i) (Review; word formation lar

75 78

declension of adjec-

and

strong verbs)

XXXII.

72

95

^unb

concluded)

(Inseparable and separable verbs

98

CONTENTS

XIU PAGE

XXXVIII. ^er ^unb

mxt bcm

fJIcifd^C

(Subjunctive of indirect

speech and question)

XXXIX.

102

a3ncf motit)t^ an ©critter (Subjunctive of ideal condition; possibility; wish)

XL. ^ie (Sc^ulcn (Modal auxiliaries) XLI. @tlc tnit SScilc (Modal auxiliaries;

107 irregular

weak

no

verbs)

XLII. ^rct Srcunbc (Passive voice) XLIII. ^ic f)dt)txcn ©c^fulcn ^cutfdftlanb^ (Passive voice) XLIV. ^ie ^cutWcn in 5tmettfa (Passive and substitutes .

XL VI.

^Ctttfc^knb

itbcr

mc§

(Review)

124 126

Supplementary Reading

131

Reproductions

Grammatical Tables

138 •

•

.

,

•

.

.

o

.

«

Abstract of German Grammar

Vocabulary

117

^cutfc^lanb^ ©tcttung in bcr SBcltltiirtWaft (Passive voice concluded)

Songs

114

120

for passive voice)

XLV.

105

143

174 •

-«...

179 197

Longitude

14°

East

from

16°

Greenwich

18^

BEGINNERS' GERMAN INTRODUCTORY /C

ALPHABET CAPITAL LEITERS

SMALL LETTERS

Script

Print

Script

Print

^r^

a

Naue

A

21

B

33

^

C

S

D

S

.^^^

E

(g

ay

f

F

%

eff

g

9

G

,gay

h

I)

H

hah

a

a

b

b

c

c

d

b

e

c

f

•

*

1

I

j

i

k

t

1

I

^1^2^

J .^

I

3

J

3f

4 J

L

S

m m

\.^/^

M

2«

n

.^/^

N

91

n

^€r

K

O

^ ^ ^

ah-

bay tsay

day

ee

& ^

w X ^

yot

kah eU

emm enn

oh

ST.

i:

^

V

:

:«':

German

-REGinners

5kaji:;i^TTERs: r, •?«»»* * ''' Script'

: :

,

capital letters

}

'

•

Print

O

koo

R

91

^i^

err

^

S

©

1

%

^

tay

.^

U

U

^^

oo

^

V

SB

..^

W

2B

p

j^

P

^

q

q

-^

Q

r

r

y^e^

S

f8

.^^^^

t

t

u

u

V

to

w

to

y

^

z

J

Name

^ '^

p

XI

Script

^ /29 ^y^

XX ^r

^ ^?^

^ J ^?^

Y

g)

Z

3

,
"^

pay

ess

fow

vay iks

ipsilon

tset

COMPOUND CONSONANTS

Print

^ \^

Script

^M

Print

ff

%

Script

#

^

MODIFIED VOWELS

Print

^ ^"^

(Umlttute)

Script

)

beginners' GERMAN

he L au tt afel D e ut sc (System Vie tor) VorderLippenkute Zahnlaute

po 1

Hinter-

II

fv

szJ5 ?j

r

h

R

r

1

»

kg n xg

td

m

KeUkite

Gaumenlaute

1 ley) i(y> ece).

( ( (

1

(U)

OJ)

a

(pj

(

ST 6ttroxnlo3

stimmhaft

nasal

TABLE OF GERMAN SOUNDS .

(VIETOR SYSTEM)

EXPLANATIONS AND EXAMPLES (The phonetic spelling used

is

that of the Association Phonetique Internationale)

In the Table the German sounds are represented (i)

in the vertical columns

— according

—

to the place of

articulation, in natural order, viz., lips, teeth,

hard palate

(front), soft palate (back), throat; (2) in

the horizontal columns

— according

of articulation, the breath passage being

(a)

to the

form

completely

beginners' GERMAN

4 closed, or (b)

considerably narrowed, or

(c)

left

compara-

tively open, in the place of articulation.

Characters representing voiced sounds are printed in characters

red,

representing

In German

in green.

all

nasal

sounds are

printed

nasal sounds are at the

same

time voiced.

A.

SOUNDS WITH CLOSURE OR NARROWING OF BREATH PASSAGE — CONSONANTS

WITH CLOSURE — STOPPED CONSONANTS

I.

I.

—

p, voiceless

Lip Consonants (Lip and Lip) Jgein, JRau^c, a6.

b,

voiced

—

JBctn, rauBen.

m, nasal— tnein,nel)men,um. 2. t,

Teeth Consonants (Tongue and Teeth)

— Xkx,

voiceless

leiten, leib.

n, nasal 3.

— Kartc, qualen

g,

(3Bcg, Jagi).

4.

voiceless

I.

f,

— ®arten nasal —

voiced fien,

I),

II.

bit, Iciben.

nciti, h)of)tten,

Back Consonants (Tongue and Soft Palate)

k, voiceless

?,

— —

d, voiced

(fd^n)ei'

tragenO.

ftngen, lang.

Throat Consonant (Vocal Chords)

—

('*)alt.

WITH NARROWING — NARROW CONSONANTS Lip Consonants (Lower Lip and Upper Teeth)

voiceless

—

f af)ren,

lauf en,

v, voiced

— SSarcn,

cUiig.

auf. * In North and Middle German pronunciation finally and medially the narrow consonants g and x, j and g are generally used: see II, 3, 4.

BEGINNERS GERMAN

g

Teeth Consonants (Tongue and Teeth)

2.

Thin {Thin Breath Passage) s,

voiceless — *®fisse/

reiften,

z,

voiced

— See,

reifeu*

Broad {Broad Breath Passage) J,

— Stein, iDaf^en,

voiceless

*3, voiced

— *goumat,

*Sogi^,

gifc^.

Trilled {Vibration of

Tongue Point)

r,

—

voiced

rauf), (Sf)re, toal^t^

Divided {Passage on Both Sides of Tongue Point) I,

voiced

— iau,

fef)Ien,

Xdl.

Front Consonants (Tongue and Hard Palate)

3.

9, voiceless

— *6^einie,

rcid^en,

j,

voiced

— ja

(fd^tDeigen).

(SBcg).

Back Consonants (Tongue and Soft Palate)

4.

X, voiceless

— fud^cn (Jag)»

g,

voiced

—

(tragen)*

Trilled {Vibration of Uvula) R,

voiced

—

(rauf),

gj^re^

tt)af)r),

5.

h, voiceless

B.

Throat Consonant (Vocal Chords)

— ^alt*

.

SOUNDS WITH OPENING OF BREATH PASSAGE — VOWELS The opening

All voiced.

with

lip

is

between the tongue and the palate.

Front Vowels

I. 1:,

e:,

— long —

long

^

An

Sounds

rounding are indicated in the Table by ().

i^n, ?tcbc, tDtc. @]^re, Qcben,

i,

short

—

in, ?ippe,

®c^nce.

asterisk indicates

words or sounds not originally German.

BEGINNERS

6 long

e:,

*e:,^

—

GERMAN

Sl^rc, gabcn, *^alat§,

long, nasal

—

e,

short

—

effcn, §finbc*

Saffiti, terrain.

Rounded

— — Ofcn, long, nasal — 3Serbun,

y:,

long

g:,

long

*§,

iibel,

^uit.

S^rente*

— short —

y, short

iippig,

©,

ijffncn, SWiJnd^^

©iJt)ne,

§uttc.

Ct^Utt,

2.

Mixed Vowels (Intermediate between Front and Back) 8,

long

a:,

—

*a:, long,

short — gcnug,

nasal

S3ittc,

a,

3{al, Iaf)Tn, ba.

short

—

all,

gamnt.

— Stoucn, Sf)ancc. Back Vowels

3.

All Rounded u:,

long

o:,

long

*o;,

— —

— unten, abutter,

u, short

Ufcr, 9Kut, bu. ul^nc, tDO^I, fo,

long, nasal

— SaHon,

o,

short

—

offen, SBDrt,

Dephthgngs ai:,

eicf, tictu, aJJat^

au:, Stugc, ?auf, blau. oy:, cuer, ISuten, *

§cu.

Nasal vowels in North German pronunciation are usually replaced by

the corresponding non-nasal short vowels followed

by

ji, e.g.

^affcng, ^crbtttt=3$crbdng, ^oueii=9?ouanfi, 58allo«=©atlong.

Baffin =

V €rfte 2Iuf gabe

©ie

Stc^tung!

%^^t

ftebcn

©ten^ta^g,

,

bcr SBod^c ftnb:

©onner^tag,

9Kittood^,

©onnabcnb ober ©am^tag unb ^iejjrage

SBeld^cr

Jag

i[t

2Ba^

^eute?

bcr SD^ontag,

ift

ber

greitag^

©onntag^

f)cutc?

ift:

SStt!^ ift bie

Slnthiort?

2)ie3tnt^

(or respective

9)Jontag

ift

day

of the

week).

2Ba^

(2)ai^)

^tctulcin

^cute

ift

morgcn?

3t.!

aWorgen

ift

©ien^tag*

ttiart ift:

(2)er)

SBa^

tt)irb

ilbermorgcn fcin?

2)ie 2lnt*

llbcrmorgen n)irb

niort

gg^^

ift:

9)Jittn)0($ fein^

^i^.^ iiberiibermorgen fein?

SBeld^c SSagc tDerben

morgcn unb iibermorgen

SBa^

tDar geftern?

2Ba^

tDar Dorgcftem?

SBa^

n)ar t)ori)orgeftem?

SBelc^e S^age tDaren geftern

3ft

Iieute

9lein,

unb borgeftem?

©ien^tag?

mein ^err,

f)eute

ift

nid^t

©ien^tag, fon*

bern 9Jfontag,

SBar

fetn?

geftern aWittlDod^?

SBirb morgen 35ien^tag fein?

3a, mein §err, morgen 7

toirb S)ien^tag fein*

BEGINNERS GERMAN

8 aSa^

Slaffc! Slttc

ift

Iieutc?

su-

fammen!

©agcn

Sic:

aSann

tear

©onntag?

Slc^tung!

S)a^ ©prid^tDort

Scrncn:

9}Jorgen,

©ie

ift

Seffer f)cutc al^ morgen.

morgen, nur

©pred^en S)a^

ift:

etc.

nid^t f)eutc,

alte faulen Scute.

—

aud^ etn ®prid^n)ort.

finb nid^t faulc geute.

9icin,

©ie

finb fleifeig!

aSeffer f)cute al^ rrtorgen.

famtncn! ©tJtcrficn

©ie miiffen taut nub

®ie taut!

^arl

fprid^t laut,

gri^

fprid^t lauter,

^einrid^ fprid^t

am

nid^t leife fpred^en!

lauteften.

glifabetf) fprid^t leife,

Slnna fprid^t

leifer,

am

ajtargarete fprid^t

leifeften*

NOTE PRETERIT

PRESENT

geftem, etc.

f)eute

tDar

ift

— maren

©onntag,

etc.

—

morgeti, etc. finb

SKontag

MASCULINE

FEMININE

bcr Tlontaq, etc.

bic 2lufgabe

§err

FUTURE

Sld^tung

grage SlnttDort

Slaffc

tDirb, tDerben

.

.

.

fein

©ien^tag, etc.

NEUTER

ha^ graulein ©prid^iDort

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

^mette 2lufgabe ©utctt

Xaql ^\t

bic^ Slufgabc ein^?

^ft bie^ Scftion cin^?

yidn, mein ^err, bic^

bcm Sltaffe!

ift

ntd^t Slufgabe ein^, fon-

Slufgabc itdtl

^tc SBod^c

l^at fteben

Sage.

Sage

SBclci^e^ [tub bie [teben

Sage

bet SBod^e?

5«iJc^

©ie

einmal!

@ieben Sage finb in ber SBod^e.

fteben

ber SBod^e finb: ber 9Wontag, etc.

©ieben Sage bilben (mac^en) Stc^tung!

9Wontag

ift

ein

Sag,

SKontag unb S)ien6tag finb 9Kontag, ©ien^tag unb aWontag,

©ien^tag,

finb bier

SDZontag,

bie SBod^e^

jtijei

Sage,

9Kitttt)0(^ finb brei

Sage,

99?ittn)0(^

unb ©onner^tag

9Witttt)od^,

!Donner^tag unb

Sage,

©ien^tag,

greitag finb

fiinf

Sage,

aWontag, ©ien^tag, Mttmod^, ©onner^tag, grei^ tag

unb ©onnabenb

aWontag, ©ien^tag, tag,

finb fed^6 Sage,

9}Jittn)0(^,

©onner^tag, grei^

©onnabenb unb ©onntag

finb fieben Sage*

Sag ber SBo($e, ©ien^tag ift ber jlDeite Sag ber SBod^e, 2)?itttD0(^ ift ber britte Sag ber SBoc^e, ©onner^tag ift ber Dierte Sag ber SBod^e, greitag ift ber fiinfte Sag ber SBod^e, ©onnabenb ift ber fed^fte Sag ber SBod^e, ©onntag ift ber fiebte unb lefete Sag

S)er aWontag

ift

2Bo(^e.

ber erfte

ber

beginners' GERMAN

lO

SBcId^c^

etnmal!

Jag

bcr crftc

ift

bcr SBod^cpi etc.

©cftcrn tdax 9Kontag, bcr

9Worgcn

erftc

iDirb ajJittmoc^

Jag

bcr SBod^c,

bcr brittc

[citi,

Jag

bcr

SBod^c, etc. Slrfitutig!

!J)a^

t[t

bk

crftc 5tci{)C

©a^ ift bic jtDcitc S)a^ finb 2, 4,

6

1, 3, 5,

9(uStt)enbtg

Icrncn:

crftc

©ruppc,

obcr bic jtDcitc ©ruppc, etc.

jtDci, brci, etc., 9Jcif)cn

7

finb ungcrabc

obcr ©ruppcn.

S^W^*

(Snbc gut, altc^ gut. (Srft bic Slrbcit,

stDci

®ic

®ic

finb gut,

arbcitcn gut

finb nic^t fd^Icd^t!

unb

f)3iclcn nid^t!

bic Strbcit?

5(u!gtoettbtg

yiimm bcnn

(ernen:

2tn ben SBcrfcItagcn, tDirft, id^ n)cttc

grol^cn

©onntag

Jagc

Unb bann?

frifd^ bic Slrbcit

Unb bu

5lIIc

©picL—

bann ba^

©prid^toortcr.

©ic

SBann fommt

Jld^tung!

obcr bic

finb gcrabc 3^^^^^^

J)a6 finb tlaffc!

9Jcif)C

aufecr

auf

brauf (I bet

on

it),

l^abcn.

©onntag

finb SBcrftagc obcr SBer^

finb frot)

unb

fcltagc.

©ic

lad^cn:

©ic

©ic Declension:

finb frifd^

bic SBod^e, in

unb

nid^t traurig; nid^t nttibc!

the Singular.

Nominative bic SBod^e

Accusative

^

as to

Genitive

bcr SBod^e

Dative

bcr SBod^c

Let the individual pupils repeat the questions of the teacher so become accustomed to asking questions.

beginners' GERMAN

II

Decline: bie Slufgabc, bie gragc, bic SlnttDort, bic Sld^tung, bic Piaffe, bie SReifie, bie

©ruppe,

bie Slrbcit,

E.g.

N.

^ie

G.

35ie 3:age bcr Slrbeit finb SBerftage*

Z).

S3ei bcr Slrbeit lernen

A,

3)ie Seute fc^reiben bie Slrbeit frifc^

SIrbeit

gut.

ift

®ie

fleifeig.

unb

fro^*

Of what gender are these nouns?

Do they change in the singular? How can you tell nouns in German?

Dritte 2lufgabe Seien ®ie aufmetl-

S)a^

ift

ba^felbe

(gi^ miiffen

tt)ie

^^Hc^tung."

aufmerffam

fein, nid^t

unaufmerffam,

fftttt!

tkffe!

3a^r ^at imi\ momtt.

2)a^

SDie gtnolf

ber

9Wonate

be;^

^df)xt^ finb:

^anuar, gebruar, Mixvi,

^xili, Sluguft,

Slpril, 9)?ai, 3funi,

September, Oftober, S^obember,

©ejember.

3n

bem ^af)r

finb jtDoIf 9Wonate»

3tt)oIf a)?onate bilben

ba^ ^ai)v.

®er ^ctnuar ift ein Tlonat ©er 3<Jnuar unb ber gebruar

finb glDci 2)tonate,

etc.

8 =

ad^t,

11 = S)er

elf,

9 = neun, 10 = 12 = itobll

^anuar Sluguft

ber erfte

ift

gebruar

ift

ift

gel^n,

9Konat be^ ^ai)xt^,

ber gtDeite 9Konat be^ ^al^re^, etc.

ber ac^te 2Konat be^ 3txt)re^^

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

12

©cptcmber

ift

Oftober

ber gcl^nte 9Konat be^ 3af)re^,

ift

Jiobember

ift

©ejember SBeld^e^

aSie

t)iete

S)a^ ber

ift

bcr elfte 9Wonat be^ 3^a^re^, ber jlDoIfte 2Wonat be^ ^cifire^,

ber erfte 9Konat be^ 3ctf)re^? ber Dierte

2)?onate

S'^^t: ift

Sag

ift

bcr neuntc Tlonat bc6 3cif)rc^,

ift

Ifiat

ba^ 3af)r?

lang,

furj^

lage f)at 9^ot)ember, 3uni unb ©eptember*

©reifeig

Icmcn:

Slpril,

J^ebruar

l^at

biermal fieben*

2lHe, bie nod^ iibrig blieben (still

§aben SBtcber*

!Da^

ift

remain),

einunbbreifeig^

ba^felbe tDie ,,no(^ einrtiaL"

f^oUn Sic

ba^! 2(uf^?affeii!

3(^

Siftiercn!

3^^t

fd^reibe e6

an

bie Jafel*

biftiere ic^ e^S'finen, ober id^ gebe 3f)tten ein

S)iftat!

Piaffe!

SIpril!

Semen!

S)er

aprit!

tDeife nid^t,

S'c^ tDcife: e^

n)a^ er

ift l^eute

SBeld^e SKonate ^abeti aSelc^e arjonate ^aben

Declension: bae

h)ill*

Tlitttdod).

30 Sage? 31 Jage?

3a{)r, in the Singular.

Nominative Accusative Genitive

be^ S(tf)n^

Dative

bem

3a]^r(e)

beginners' GERMAN Decline: ba^ graulcin,

ba^

I3

©prid^mort, ba^ @nbc, ba^ ®picl,

i>a^

2)iftat*

E.g.

N.

2)a^ ©piel

G,

3)ie Slufgabe be;^ ®ptel(c)^

Z).

3n bcm

A.

(Sic

taut*

tft

tft

btc^,

©picl ftnb ®prt(|n3drter entfialten (contained).

lemen ba^ ®piel

gut*

Of what gender are these nouns? Are the natural and the grammatical gender

German?

identical in

of

nouns

Illustrate.

Dterte 2Iufgabc Sluf^jaffctt!

J)a^ ^af)x ^at bier Qaf)xt^dttn. 3)ie

t)ier

^ai)xt^dttn finb ober

ber gruf)Iing, ber ber ^erbft

fSxttCf

beutac^ au§^^ f^jtedjen.

l^eifeen bie tiier

9Bie

tieifeen

©ie

mil[feti beutlid^

S)a6

^a^vt^txUn?

©ie?

uubeutlic^

unb genau

fpred^en, nid^t fo

unb ungenau!

^^.^^ ^^^^^^^ ^^^ englifc^?

^erbft 2)anfe!

©ommer,

unb ber SBinter*

SBie

^,^

l^ei^en:

tieifet

ift

auf englifd^ fall (harvest).

red^t,

ba^

SBeld^e ^a^re^jeit

Sefet

ift

Sft e^ 9^ein,

ift

rid^tig, nid^t falfd^*

ift

je^t?

e^ §er6ft.

iefet

aSinter?

mein §err,

iefet ift

e6 nid^t SBinter, fonbern

§erbft* 2BeId^e S'cifire^seit

mar

t)orf)er?

beginners' GERMAN

14

SBelc^c ^af)xt^idt tdivb

2Bie

na^^tv fein?

^ai)xt^idtm gibt e^?

t)iele

SBie Dielc 3^af)re^seiten f)a6en tDir?

^n

^ai)xt^dt leben tDir?

n)eld^er

SBtr leben

im

(in

3)er gruf)Img ber

©ommer

SWftrs,

ift

bem) §erbft» bie erfte ^'aJire^aeit,

ift

bie jiDcite

unb max

Slpril

Qai)xt^dt, etc.

finb

grii^Iinge-

bie brei

monate,

^uni, 3uli unb Sluguft finb

bie

©ommer^

brei

monate,

©eptember, Oftober nnb 5yiot)ember finb

bie brei

^erbftmonate,

©ejember, -3anuar unb

gebruar finb

bie

brei

3Bintermonate» 3lod^

2)er §erbft

einmal!

ift

bie britte 3ctf)re^jeit

^eit be^ ^txh\tt^ bauert

t)on

(September bi^

9lot)ember*

SBir finb

iefet

im

(in

bem) §erbft*

September, Oftober unb

9Jot)ember

bilben

im

§erbft.

Semen ©ie

gnil^Iing,

bie^ au^=

©inb

^*

^erbft unb SBinter

SBringen un^ be^ ©uten

S3Iumen,

St^tung!

©ommer,

be^ guten ©otte^ ^inber,

SBir

^Jriid^te, frof)e^

alte finb bie

biel:

©pieL

^inber ©otte^, be^ SSater^.

Slumen unb J^tiic^te finb im ©arten* @^ gibt t)iele S3Iumen unb griic^te im ©arten; mad^fen im ©arten* ®ie

Stofe

ift

eine S3Iume; bie

Suipe

ift

fie

aud^ eine

5

beginners' GERMAN SBtc

l^eifet

S)er Slpfel

S3Iumc auf englifd^?

alfo

einc grud^t; bie

tft

1

Mdont

ift

aud^ cine

grud^t SBie

fieifet

grud^t auf englifd^?

alfo

9?ennen ©ie mir 33Iumen unb griid^tc!

So

Saffen ©ie e^ gut fetn!

iff ^

rec^t!

Declension: bcr ^erbft, in the Singular. Nominative

bcr §crbft

Genitive

bc^ ^crbftc^

Dative

bcm

Accusative

ben §erbft

Decline: bcr Sag, bcr 9Kontag,

§crbft(c)

etc., bcr SBcrftag,

bcr 9Wonat, bcr 3anuar, etc., bcr griil)Ung; etc., bcr ®ott, bcr 3Satcr, bcr @artcn»

E.g.

Jag

N.

S)cr. crftc

G.

S)ic 2lrbcit be^

D. A.

2ln

bem

bcr SBod^c

Sagc^

ift

fiei^t

9Wontag*

grofe.

(ant) 2:agc fd^Iafcn bie flcincn Sinbcr^

SBir ncnncn ben crftcn SBod^cntag 9Wontag*

Of what gender are the names months, and the seasons?

of the days, of the

WORD FORMATION What

is

the force of the prefix un-?

Ungcnau unbcutUd^

ift:

nid^t gcnan,

tft:

unaufmcrffant

Do we

have the same

nid^t bcutlid^, ift:

nid^t

aufmcrffam*

prefix in English?

beginners' GERMAN

i6

^tinfte 2lufgabe Stc^tung!

(g^

tft

&

im SBinter,

talt

[riert,

unb

e6 fcfineit oft.

ein

armcr 9Wann» @r bringt feme

33Iumen unb feme

griid^te, er bringt aber frobe^

5)cr SBinter

tft

©piel 2)er aSmter ift ba^ @nbe be^ 3abre^, 3tn grilbling tft e^ mtlb. ift im grilblittg f(i^6ner al^ im aBittter* 3?m ©ommer ift e^ toavm, oft fefir b^ife* ®^t:

&

©ommer

uttb grild^te,

3m

^erbft

(Sr brittgt utt^ Diele

ift reid^^

(£^ bli^t

e^

ift

fiibl.

©onne Sonne nid&t

fd^on, tDenn bie

toenn bie aSetter

3n

fd^Ied^t;

bann

unb bonnert

3)ie guft

@^

fd^eint,

J)ann

ift

SBie

unb

friert e^

ift

friert

e^

im

fd^neit

53Iumen?

e^?

e^? griifiling? etc.

(3Beitcr):

Semen ®te au^ttienbig:

^m aSinter, 3^ aSinter, S)ann

ift

tomn

Unb

e6 frieret,

toenn e^ fd^neit,

ber aSeg gur ©d^ule

gurtt)a{)r no(^

'mal

fo toeit (fiirtoafir,

tDenn ber ^udfudE rufet,

®ann ®cmn

ift

ber grill^Iing ba,

ift

ber aSeg gur ©d^ule

gllrn)af)r nod^

^md

fo naf).

ift

ba^

ber aSinter?

aSarum aSie

ift

e^ fait?

ift

ift

aSann

(S^

regnet oft,

e^ fd&Ied^te^ SBetter.

^eld^er ^af)xt^dt gibt e^ feine

SBann

oft*

tilbL

fd^eint.

2lnfangcn (Scginnen): aSa^ bringt ber SBinter?

fjortfal^rett

ift

Slumeti

indeed).

7

beginners' GERMAN

1

3Ber a6cr gernc lemet,

©em

^m

SBeg iu fern;

fein

ift

SStnter tok

im

grlifiling

®ef)t er ^ur ©d&ule gem*

Hoffmann ©ilber,

au^tnenbig

9?ebcn

lernen:

©c^tDeigen 9teben

ift

galler^Icbcn,

tjon

®oIb.—

ift

fprcd^en; fd^tDcigen

fieifet

f)eifet:

nid^t reben^

NOTE Are predicative adjectives declined? Do the names of the days, months, and seasons require the definite article in English? In German?

IMPERSONAL VERBS 6^

c^ fd^ncit, e^ Uii^t, c^ bonncrt, c6 regnct.

friert,

What do

these five impersonal verbs express?

ORDER OF WORDS @^

I.

3m

II.

III.^

®

ift

im

fait

grilf)Iing ift

fd^on,

SBintcr. ift

(Normal.)

e^ milb,

menu

bic

(Inverted.)

©onne

l^eH fd^cint.

(Dependent.)

Interchange the normal and the inverted order in I and

What

II.

kind of clauses or sentences are they?

Change III into two independent clauses of I. Combine I and II into a sentence of type III by using the subordinating conjunction Notice: SBcnn bic

©onnc

(ad^cint bic

tDttl^renb (while).

fcftcint, ift

©onnc,

c« fd^aneS SScttcr.

fo ift c« fci^dneg SSettcr.

Note that the German uses a comma before and clause.

after

a dependent

8

beginners' GERMAN

1

WORD FORMATION Kalt 0i6t bic mUt, tdavm Gibt bic SBiirmc, ntilb gibt bic SKilbc, fu{)I

gibt bic tii^lc.

Of what gender are these nouns ending

in -e,

which are de-

rived from adjectives?

Sed?fte 2tufgabc (Review) 53affen

©ic §cutc Icrncn

^«t^

a«an

tDir cin bcutfd^c^ Sicb, cin

SSoIMicb*

ftngt cin Sicb,

S)a^ Sicb

O

l^cifet:

O

S:anticnba«m.

2:anncnbaum, o Zanncnbaum,

SBic trcu finb bcinc iBIattcr!

'^u

griinft nid^t

nur jur ©omntcrgcit,

im SBintcr, tDcnn c^ fd^ncit^ Sanncnbaum, o Slanncnbaum,

9^cin, aud^

O

2Bic trcu finb bcinc flatter! yiitilt

faut

S)cr

lanncnbaum

t)cifet

auf cnglifd^ the fir-tree,

fcin!

mm (dn!

trage

Xrcu

^cifet ,,ni(^t falf(^.''

SBcId^c^ anbcrc SBort

ficifet

auc^: nid^t falfd^?

33aum t)at SBIctttcr, Dicic 33Iattcr, bic griin finb. ©inb fie blau obcr rot? ®ic 33Iattcr finb nid^t blau, fonbcm griin. 3)a6 ®ra6 ift griin. ©inb bic 33Iattcr bc6 Sanncnbaunt^ griin? 3^atnot)I, bic SBIcittcr bc6 Sanncnbaum^ finb griin. (gin

9

!

beginners' GERMAN 3ft ber S^annenbaum

grofe ober ficin?

Sannenbaunt^

S)ie S3I(itter ht^

1

l^eifecn

9labcln*

©riint ber 3:annenbaum nur gur (ju ber)

®om^

mergeit?

tm SBtnter? tm ©ommer? griert e^ oft tm ©ommer? 3^ft bte guft im SBtnter Mt ober tDarm? ©d^neit e^

©d^neit e^ aud^

SBtr

SBetfte^cn

berftet)en

ba^ 8teb*

Sie ba^ 2icb? Sefen Sie t^ je^t!

SBtr lefen e^

jefet*

Sc^t

S)te 9KeIobte

ift letd^t,

ttiit

fingctt

ntc^t fd^toer^

bai^

£ieb.

Semen Sie ej^

2lCe milffett ba^ Steb ftttgen!

au)^'

Hjenbig

Qd) buc^ftabtere (spell)

JBu(^= ftabieren!

— — —n

S3aum treu

t

tttein

How many

S3 a r e e

t

u u n

m

diphthongs are there in German?

®ut

Slufvaffen!

®efunbt)ett

ift

ba^

Semen:

®efunbf)eit

ift

beffer al^ ^ranfl^eit (sickness).

f)od^fte

WORD FORMATION ©efunbl^eit beifet gefunb fein*

9Ba^

betfet

What What

tranfbeit?

bie

gautbeit?

is

the force of the noun-suffix -l^eit?

is

the gender of nouns ending in -beit?

!

beginners' GERMAN

20

Stebte 2lufgabe Seien Sie

SBir ftnb aufmcrffam.

aufmer!=

j

^

3,

4 unb 5

Sa^Ien Sic @<jrcrf|Ctt

5Paffcn

g^^. 2

^[^^

Sic laut unb

Sic 3c^

aud^ cine 3«^I/ ^tne anbere

S^W^*

sttJdIf

bcutlid^!

meiter Don 13 bi^ 30:

gafite

^^^*

ftnb brei

W^

t)tm cin^

t[t

breijcl^n, t)ierse{)n, fiinfjel^n, fed^jel)n, [tebsel^n,

ad^tjefin,

nennjef)n, gtDanjtg, etnunbjtDan*

gig, stDciunbstDanjig, etc.,

nennnnbjh)anjig,

breifeig.

9lo(^ cin*

®a^

mal,

^j^^^en

6ittc!

Slc^tung

!

ift

genng*

®ie

granlein %.

max Stt^Icn Sic bic

fc^nell, ni($t

ift

58. ift cin

Snabcn unb

3)ie

^naben

langfam.

cin Sl^abd^en.

^nabe. bic SSJlSb^cn!

ftnb

meine ©(filler;

fie

gel^en in bic

©d^ule, S)ie aJJctbd^en finb

meine ©d^itlerinnen.

©d^iiler f)abe id) t)ier?

SBie

t)iele

©ie

l^aben

SBie

t)iele

.

.

.

f)ier.

©ci^ulerinnen finb bort?

3(^ bin ber

Sefircr,

unb graulein ©mitf)

Sef)rerin.

3^c^ le^re

®ie

S)entfd^.

SBir finb greunbe;

tt)ir

t)alten grennbfd^aft.

ift

eine

BEGINNERS GERMAN

®a^

Staffe!

ba^

tft

21

mi).

®tefe^ iBud^

tft

3ebe^ Suc^

f)at

rot, bic

garbe jenc^ SBud^e^

ift

blau*

©citcn, unb auf jeber ©cite finb

3eilcn* SBeld^e^ S3u(^ l^abcn

©ie?

^[t c^ rot, grttn ober

blau? 28tc

t)iele

!Da^

ift

Siid^er l^abcn

®te

l^icr?

eine leic^tc Stufgabe; iefet aber cine fd^toerc

Slufgabc, fcine cinfad^e*

SBcId^er SOJonat ^at icbc^ t)ierte

3d&

Scil^Ie

nun

bic

jefin

fed^iig

itoanm

ftebjig

breifetg

ad^tjig

Dicrsig

neungig

filnf jig

l^unbcrt [tanfenb]

Sagen Sie ba^ ©inmalcim^ 3*

«^

3a^r 29 Sage?

3^^ncr:

l^cr!

(aunt SeifpicI):

1x8

= 8 einntd ad^t ift ail)t, 2 X 8 = 16 jh)cimal ad^t ift fed^gcl^n, 3 X 8 = 24 breimal ad^t ift DicmnbjiDanjig, 10 X 8 =p 80 gefinntal ad^t ift ad^tjig; unb Declension:

etc.,

fo toeiter (uftoO*

biefer, jener, jcber, tDcId^er (manc()er)*

Singular .

Ace,

\

lebe ""

©cite

bicfe^ 33ud^^ '

}

Gen.

iebcr ©cite

biefe^

Da/.

iebcr ©cite

biefent 93ud^(c)

Sud^eg

^!^ ^ tDcId^en

^ 9Wonat

tDcIdfte^

9)?onat(c)^

^

tDcId^cm 9Wonat(c)

Decline: biefcr ©driller, jene ©d^iilerin, jebe^ 2W(lbc^cn.

*

.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

22 E.g.

N.

S)tcfc^ ©ud^ tft rot. ®tc garbc bicfe;^ SSud^e^

G.

3n

D. ^.

How

are

SBir Icfcn

call

bicfei^

tft

S3ud^

p

rot.

©citcn.

t)telc

tocld^cr

iencr, iebcr,

bicfcr,

What do you

biefcm 93u(^ finb

Snbc.

Like what?

declined?

them?

2ldjte 2lufgabe

^d^tnnq !

@ic milffcn

Semen:

^Sitter

aufpaffen;

Slnfang

©prtd^tDort tft

^ert (SA

®ic

totxbtn nic cttoa^ lemen.

Sa^g

\^tdtv."

tft

fittt

13

S'al^re

unb 5 SRottate alt

Secret sum bu 6tft 13 3
tft

13 ^al^rc

(5martf)a)

uttb

tft

.

t§ {ha^ Smabd&en)

©eien ®te

SSir

fittb fel^r

.

5 2)?onate .

tft

.

.

auftnerffatn*

fe^r auf tttet!fattt!

Secret jut

t^t feib

fcl^r

aufnterffam*

Slaffe: Cei^ter

unb

fte

ftnb aufmcrffant*

Klaffe:

aCe

tteue^

Slttfattg

©te?

ftttb

©agen ®tc: i^

^t<»ff^^

ctn

©er

ba^felbc h)ie ha^ ^Seginncn.

9Bte alt

Center unb

tft

un^, fein alte^.

fiir

3c^ 6tn auftrterffartt, Sufammen! ^^ jjjft auftnerffam uftt).

alt;

alt;

BEGINNERS GERMAN unb ©ic?

2Btc alt ftnb ©ie SBic alt fcib

iSf)x

2$

jufammcn?

2Btc alt h)aren ®ie le^tc^ 3ctf)r? SBie alt tDcrben ©ic ncic^ftc^ 3^af)r fcin?

Snm

bin 15 ^ai)xt alt,

S3cifpiel: id^

bu

tDarft

er tDirb

14 3al)rc

16

3^al)re alt fcin,

15

h)ir [inb beibc

toaxt

if)x

fie

14

n)erben 16

3fcil)re alt fein»

finb fo alt n)ie er.

©ie

ftnb nic^t fo alt n)ie er.

©ie

finb alter al^ er.

©ie

finb ber altefte t)on il^nen.

923ie t)iele ©(filler finb f)ier

SBie

t)iele

3cil)rc alt,

S'alirc alt,

©ie

Slmerifa

alt,

ober finb annjefenb?

©driller finb nid^t i)kx ober abniefenb?

{)at ie^t

48 ©taaten,

©entfd^lanb ^at 26 ©taaten. 2Sie

t)iele

©taaten

f)aben Slmerifa

nnb S)entfd^lanb

jnfanxmen? „3^tt

3c^

ift

®elb;" fo fagt man.

l)abe biel 3^it, alfo ):)abt id^ and^

t)iel

®elb»

5«id^t toa^r?

Stimmt

J)a^

ift

ba^felbe tt)k:

3fefet tDollen toir

ift

red^nen

ba^

rid^tig (red^t)?

nnb ^Red^enanfgaben

2Bir nel^men bie Slbbition jnerft, bann bie traftion, baranf bie aWnltiplifation bie 2)it)ifion.

mbition an ber Safel:

38

+26 ""64

unb

lofen*

©nb^ jnlefet

BEGINNERS GERMAN

24

6 unb 8

ift

14;

ift

3 unb 3

tc^ fd^reibe 4[ l^in

unb be^dte

1 int

©inn; 1

unb 2

!Da8

l^etfet

tft

6.

13

Slbbtercn

©ie

ift

64.

btefe S<^^^t^'

2

5 9 7 3 4

6 5 4 9

4 6 8

3um

Cie §rntoort

:

abbicren.

7 8 2 5

9 .

4 1

2

3

5

S3etft)tel:

8+6+4+2 + 1

==

21

uftt).

974

<Bubixat' an bet Safel:

-518

tion

J

my

456

8 t)on 4 gel^t nic^t; td^ borge ein^ (S^^^^r); 8 don 14 ift 6; 1 don 6 ift 5; 5 don 9 ift 4, ®ie 2Inttt)ort ift 456. J)a^

l^eifet

fubtral^iercn.

S)ie 9?fuItipIifation fennen toir.

Sinmdein^ gelemt unb fonnen 3)tt>tfiott

8470

an

bcr 2:afcl:

5 t^ 8 ge^t

-^

SBir fiaben ba^ ntultipligieren.

5 = 1694 iibrig.

3c^

t)oIe

4

bleiben ilbrig.

3d^

f)ole

7

cinntal; e^ bleiben

3

l^erunter.

5

in

5

in

34

gebt fed^^mal;

4

l^erunter.

47

gel^t

9 mal;

e^ bleiben 2.

Iierunter.

5

in

20

gef)t

S)ie SlnttDort

J)a^

fieifet

4 mal. ift

1694.

bidibieren.

^(^

f)oIe

5«uII

;

beginners' GERMAN SBietiicI

12

ift:

x

12

S)ie 2lntoort

+

ift

8.

^tDoIftnal jtDoIf

ift

144 unb

150 10

-2 =

15

ift

{)unbert fiinf jig,

(minu^) itod

dollar

mart

f)at

?

f)unbert bierunbDicrjig,

(bidibiert) burc^ fiinfje^n

h)cniger

(Sin

-^

(plu^) fec^^

Sine beutfc^e

ift

ift gel^ti,

ac^t^

100 pfennig. ungefctfir 4 2JJarL

2Bic bide 2)?arf

^anbc ^0^,

6

2$

\)at

unb pfennig

finb

$42.30?

ttjcr cj§ tticife!

Conjugate the present

of id^ 6in, using adjectives

and

their

opposites.

E.g. td^

bin

totr finb fro^,

fleifeig,

Ji^rfeibtraurig; fi^r

bubiftfaul; er

ift

\®ii ®ic finb fie

fie

Where

is

grofe,

gut,

(e^)

ift

finb !Iein»

fc^Ied^t;

the accent in most foreign nouns,

e.g. 2Ibbition?

933o l^aben mir faut .unb fro^ gelernt?

Note that

t>n is

used when addressing a child (a relative, a friend)

i^r is the plural of bu;

Sic

is

used when speaking to young people and adults,

singular

and

plural.

beginners' GERMAN

26

rieunte 2lufgabe SBic Dieic

Sage

f)at cine

(Sine 9Bo(f)e l^at [ieben

Jage

2Kfo, n)iebielc

©icben 2^age bilben

9lDd^

einmaU

SBod^c?

Xa^t.

bilbcn cine SSod^e? cine 2Bo(^e*

sseld^e^ finb bie 9Berftage ciner SBod^e? J)ie SBerftage einer SBod^e ftnb S33ie t)iele

3ti einer SBod^e

Declension:

.

Feminine Singular.

eine SBod^e,

.

.

.

Accusattve

1 r

,

.m

^r

^^^^ SBod^e

J

Genitive

einer SBod^e

Z>a/iz;e

einer SBod^e

Decline: cine 93Innte, eine gmd^t,

B^W^

.

ein geiertag*

ift

Nominative

3)ieIobie, eine

.

getertage finb in einet SBod^e?

eine ©ontmergeit, etc., eine

eine ©d^nle, eine ©d^illerin, eine Sef)rerin, eine

garbe, eine ©cite, eine ^txlt, eine $Red^enanfgabe, eine 2lbbition, etc., eine

Mart,

!Die^

ift

eine

§anb.

ein SBeifpiel: ©ittc !J)ie

Slume

ift

fd^on,

33Iatter einer

Slume finb griin. Stume 9Baffer»

3)er ©driller gibt ciner

!©ie ?e{)rerin l^at cine SBIume^

Is there

any

difference in the declension of cine

SBie

gin

t)iele

9Wonate

l^at ein

and

^al^r?

^'al^r l&at s^olf 2)?onate»

SBie biele 9Konate bilben bafier ein ^'al^r?

btc?

beginners' GERMAN

2^

StDoIf 9Konate bilben ein ^a^x. SSeld^e^ [tub bie brei §erbftmonatc ctnej^ ^cil^re^? (ober: SBte l^eifeen

©ic

)

.

^erbftmonate eine^

brei

3
©eptember, Oftober unb 9lot)embcr. SBie

^al^re^jeiten gibt e^ in einem

t)iele

(g^ gibt Dier -3af)re^seiten in

Declension:

Accusattve

1

^a%x^

^(x1)x.

Neuter Singular.

ein 3af)r,

Nominative

einem

^^

,

y

J

Genitive

eine^ 3af)re^

Z>a/zz;e

einem 3al)r

Decline: ein ^inb, ein ?ieb, ein SBort, ein

S3Iatt, ein 9Wabc^en,

ein grdulein, ein 93nd^, ein SeifpieU

All

nouns

SBa^

ift

letn

(diminutives) are of

what gender?

ein fleine^ 33Iatt.

ein Siid^Iein? ein

ift

What

and

in d^en

S)a^ Slattd&en

difference

^inbd^en?

there between ha^

is

and

etn

in

the

declension?

^icr

ift

ein S3eifpiet:

@in Sinb

inng»

ift

dnt§ SinbeS

5)ie (gitern 3?(^ gebe

3c^ Slufge^jafet!

finb alt*

einem ^tnb ba^ ^ud). ein

t)erftef)e

S)er SSater

nnb

Ktnb

fe{)r

gnt.

SKntter finb bie (SItern eine^

bie

^inbe^, S)ie SItern

nnb

S)er SSater

ift

(bie)

ein

^inber bilben eine gamilie*

aWann, aber

bie

9Wntter

ift

eine

i^ran,

©er 58mber

ift

ein aWcibd&en.

ein

^nabe, aber

bie ©c^tDefter ift

beginners' GERMAN

28

Sin ^inb

cntrt)ebcr cin

ift

cin 9Kdbd^en, bie

^nabc, bcr ©ol^n; obcr

Xo^ttx.

2Bte biele S3ruber unb ®(^tt)cftern l^aben iBriibcr

©ie?

[tub ©cfd^tDifter.

©ruber meinc^ 2?atcr^ obcr meincr

!Ser ift

©ie

unb ©d^lDeftern

5D?uttcr

mein OnfeL

©(^tDcfter mcine^ SSater^ obcr meincr 9Kutter

ift

mcinc 2^antc.

Observe that the article, gender or in number.

etc., is

repeated

Semen Ste

(Sf)rc j[c^t bic Stitcn,

au^tuenbig:

T)u

bleibft ni(f)t ctDig

®ic

n)arcn, toa^

Unb bu

tx)irft,

bu

toa^

when

the nouns differ in

^inb;

bift, ftc finb*

geljnte 2lufgabe 9Bic Dieic

Sage

©in aKonat

f)at

f)at

cin 9D?onat?

30 obcr 31 Sage.

9^cnnc ben Xiamen etne^ 9Konat^» Sluguft

ift

bcr

9lame eine^ 9Wonat(e)^.

SBo tDaren ©ie

t)ox

einem 3)Jonat (ago)?

S?or einem 9Konat tdav

id^

in bcr ©d^ule.

28ie Diele Jage bitben etnen 9Wonat?

30

obcr 31

Sage

,

bilben cinen 9Wonat.

|

Declension:

ein Wflonat,

Masculine Singular.

Nominative

ein 9}?onat

Genitive

cine^ 9Wonat(c)^

Dative

einem 9)Jonat(e)

Accusative

einen 9Wonat

\

beginners' GERMAN Decline: cin 2^anncnbaunt, tin ©taat, cin pfennig, cin

S3ruber, cin

Sum

cm

©d^iiler,

gcicrtag, cin

cm

29 2t\)xtv, cin Slnfang,

S3atcr, cin 5D?ann, cin

DnfcL

SBcifpicl:

yietd 2)orf

Staai

ift cttt

Scute

S)ic

(i8ch)of)ncr)

ctncig

Staate^

l&ci^cn

SSiirgcr*

^n

cincm ^iaait gibt c6 bide ©d^ulcn^

S)ie iBiirger bilben ctncn

2)a^ 23rat> fcin!

bcrftcl^cn

©ie miiffen brad

What

Staat

©ie bod^? fein, b. ^.

(ha^

difference in the declension

^eifet) is

gut

fcin^

there between

ber unb cin? aSeitcr!

Jie ganse *tittffc.

SBie bide SBod^cn l^at ba^ ^a^r? T)^^ cv^^^ ^^^ 52 SBoc^en. gg.^ ^.^^^ 2:age ^at cin (gin ^at)V f)at

^a^r? 365 Sage.

9Bie bide S^age finb aber in cincm ©d^altjal^r?

3n

cincm ©d^altiaf)r finb 366 Sage.

1912

ift

cin

©d^altjal^r.

©tunben 24 ©tunben.

SBie bide

l^at

cin

lag?

(Sin 2^ag l^at

28ir l^aben ie^t cine beutfd^e ©tunbe bon 10-11 Ul^r. f)at cine ©tunbe? ©tunbe l^at 60 2)?inuten. 25on 1-2 (bi^ jtt)ei) ift cine ©tunbe. S?on 2-3 ift hjieber cine ©tunbe, unb

SSie bide SKinuten (Sine

@ine

fialbc

©tunbe

(Sine $8iertdftunbe (Sine

3lbieu!

aWinute

2(uf 3Btcbcrfc^cn!

f)at

l^at ]f)at

30

9JJinuten.

15 9Kinuten.

60 ©efunben,

fo tDcitcr.

beginners' GERMAN

30

€lfte 2lufgabe

©uten

9

3fefet ift e^

SWorgcn!

l^ctl

(g^

aWorgen^

9^ad^

2Bir f)aben

bem

Urn 12

mittag.

®onnc

S)ie

Ufir.

ift friif),

Uf)r

bunfel,

(2^

unb

e^

yia(i)t folgt,

S)er 9)Jorgen SBeften,

unb bann

ift

ift fitrjer

gen

unb

ift

ift

ber

unb

bie

ber Slbenb

ber ©ilben,

fo an:

aU: i^

tDiinfd^e

®uten

§lbenb!

^l^nen guten Tlox-

ufrt)»

§aben ©ie ^opfmel^ (headache)? @6 tut mir fef)r leib, ba^ ©ie ^opfmel^ ^offentlid^ tDerben

^errS.!

fatten ©ie

tior gtt)ei

©ie balb

fiaben*

h)ieber gefunb^

^af)xtn ©eutfd^?

9iein, t)or gtDei 3^abren fiatte id^ fein ®eutfd&»

^aben ©ie

fett jtDei

3?an)of)I, feit gtDei

Scorer

5um bu

l^aft feit gtDei

aWonaten ©eutfd^?

aWonaten

l^abe id^ S)eutfd^.

a)Zonaten ©eutfd^.

©chiller:

Scorer unb

er

(fie,

e6) f)ai feit gtDei

aWonaten ©eutfd^*

tlaffe:

aScitct!

Piaffe!

S)ie

tDirb e^ SKittemad^t*

®uten Jag!

®uten a«orgen! ®ute ma^tl

©a^

fonbem

fpat»

ber 5yiorben»

greunbe

rebet feine

ber S5or=

fiell,

fonbem

friil^,

ber Often,

ift

S)er 9Wittag

aWittemac^t

Tlan

nid^t

ift

friil^en

©arauf unb bann fommt

abenb^ nid^t

ift

ift

ben

e^ a^ittag.

ift

l^abcn h)ir ben 9Zad^tnittag,

ber Slbenb.

j[e^t

fommt

3)?orgen

(g^

fc^cint.

h)ir l^aben feit gtt)ei

aWonaten ©eutfd^.

1

beginners' GERMAN ^abi

Stirrer sur

il^r

Slaffe:

@{e

Sci^rer

unb

fie

fcit

3

gmei 9Wonaten S)cutf(i^*

i^aben feit jtrei

l^abcn feit itod

SWonaten ©eutfd^^

Tlonakn

!Deutfc^^

filaffe:

Conjugate the present

of

id^ ijaic

in complete sentences.

E.g. id) f)abt

bic crftc Slufgabc,

lt)ir

l^abcn bie

if)r f)abt

bu

f)aft bie gttieite

Slufgabe,

®ie

ferf)ftc

Slufgabe,

bie fiebte Slufgabe,

{)aben bie

a^U

Slufgabe,

er ^at bie britte Slufgabe, fie f)at

bie t)ierte SlufQabe,

l^aben bie neunte (stDanjigfte)

fie

e^ (ba^ 5D?abd^en) ^at bie

Slufgabe*

fiinfte Slufgabe,

Use

similarly: bie i^rage, bie 2lnth3ort, bie ?eftion, etc.

ba6 ©piel, ba^ SBort, ba6 Sud^, etc. einen 2ef)rer, einen 25ater, einen geiertag, etc.

Is there a special progressive or

German? Does the present

emphatic verbal form in

and the perfect at

replace the future

times?

What is the diffierence in the use of abet and Does fonbern mean "but on the contrary''? E.g.

m

ift

frub, abet e^

e^

ift

nid^t frUb, f onbetn e^

ift

bunfel ift

fpat*

fottbettt?

Illustrate.

beginners' GERMAN

32

Sluf^jaffen!

S)a^

Seigen Sic

m§

giDoIfte

^ufgabc

einc Uf)r.

S)ie Uf)r

ift

alien bie

U^r

ift

runb,

©tunben, ber anbere

aSiediel Uf)r (g6

ift

gegen

Sin 3^tger

filr bie

3ft e^

jel^n Uf)r»

S'n 50 90?innten ^iPnnft f)alb brei h)iet)iel

9Bann Q(i)

Um

ftel^e

ift

frlll^

ober fpcit?

nm

nad^ 10.

10 (Jll). 11 (f 11).

e^ iei)n SKinuten t)or 11, etc.

nnfere ®(^ule au^.

ift

U^r

ftel^en

ift

9Kinuten»

e^ jefet?

ift

Qn filnf 9Kinuten ift e^ fiinf $minuten 3n 15 aWinuten ift e^ ein S3iertel nad^ 3n 30 aWinuten ift e6 ^alb elf. 3n 45 aWinuten ift e^ ein SSiertel t)or

Urn

nic^t

in ber Slaffe!

!Die ^Iaffenuf)r f)at st^ei 3^i9^^» filr bie

fie ift

gel^en

©ie abenb^ jn S3ett?

©ie morgen^ auf ? fieben Uf)r anf.

tDiebiel ]Xi)V

gef)en

am ©onntag

©ie

in bie

^irc^e?

§aben ©ie jn ^aufe eine Ul^r? f t)on 100? = 20, 1 Don 100 = 40, | Don 100 = 60. i Don 100 i Don 120 = 20, 20 X 6 = 120. f (gloei ©rittel) Don 1800 = 1200; -| Don 1800 = SBiet)ieI ift

600, 1 finb 1200;

nfto.

Semen Sie

^^

bie^ aui^s

©i^en,

fann

ftel^en,

gel^en.

hjenbig:

SBenn Sege

ic^

i($

miibe bin,

mid^

f)in.

beginners' GERMAN ©inb ©ic milbe unb 3)a6

@^

fc^abc.

ift

33

nid^t frifd^?

tut

mir

ba^ ©ic

Icib,

tnilbc

finb!

Piaffe!

©ic miiffcn gcrabc ©erabe

bid

fo

ift

frumtn!

fi^cn, nic

^onncn ©ic

aufrcd^t^

lx)ic

nid)t

gcrabc [i^cn?

©ic 3l^rc Xa\
9lcl^tncn

mir,

iDic

iffiofiir ift

9Ba^

bide S^^Q^^ ^i^^ Safd^cnul^r

S^W^

gcigt bicfcr

3ft cine 3:afd^cnul^r aSic

ift

SBanb

(^^)? obcr bllnn?

cine 2Banbuf)r, tocil fie

ift

an

f)angt.

Sine 2af(f)enuf)r

Take a

bidf

SBanbu^r?

cine

Unfcrc ^laffenul^r bcr

l^at!

bcr brittc cS^tgcr?

ift

railroad time-table

cine Vit)v filr bic Safd^c*

and have the pupils read the

various trains as to their leaving and arriving!

Railroad l^cifet

auf bcutfc^ bcr

3-^* ®^^ Vii)V

auf beutfd^ bic Sifcnbal^n; train

ficifet

bon

^^fte

yim

Sm

aWit tDcId^cm

^d)

tDcrbe

6:15 bon

bcr erfte

Sm tn

Sm tbcrben

^a^

tut

ttit^t^!

SBa^

fpdt nad^

l^cifet

@^^

gcl^t

urn 6

S^i

^cid^

9^eh) 2)orf ab, etc.

9lctt)

©ic

mit bem Ic^tcn

ntir cinerlei (c6 ntad^t td^

Srooflijn

2)orf ab; bcr jtbcitc

93rooflt)n gcf)t urn

SBann fommt

SM^^^

2)orf

an?

etc.

fal^rcn?

Sm

mir

ftxfircn,

(g^

ift

nid^t^ au^), tDcnn

^aufc fommc.

ba^ auf cnglifd^?

i^g (gnglifd^c!

Ubcrfc^en ©ic ben

— SBortc

bilbcn cincn ©afe.

BEGINNERS GERMAN

34 Piaffe!

Q^

Sefircr:

bu

toctbe

toirft

Secret unb er toxxi

tiaffe:

morgen

iDir tt^erben '

nefimcn;

morgen ben S^Q nefimen;

morgen btn 3ug nefimen; ®ie tocrben morgen ben S^^ nef)men; fie toerbctt morgen btn 3ug nef)men» il^r

ren Sic:

hm ^ug

morgen ben S^Q nefimen; morgen ben 3ug nel^men;

njerbct

id^ loerbe

ba^ Sieb ftngen,

id^ h)erbe

ben ©afe fpred^en, Slnfgabe lemen,

id^ tDerbe bte

id^ h)erbe

in bie ^ird^e gel^en,

id^ tDerbe

einen frol^en

id^ tDerbe

baranf toetten.

©onntag

233o l^aben totr barouf njettcn

l^aben,

nnb

froi^cn

Sonntag

gel^abt?

Drd3cljnte 2lufgabe Slaffe!

SBie diele gippen f)aben toir?

2Bir f)aben

jtrei

Sippen, bie Unterlippe unb bie

Oberlippe.

©inb S)ie

SBeld^e^ S)ie

Sippen rot ober blau ober griln?

bie

2\pptn finb rot, ift

bie

garbe ber ?ippen?

garbe ber Stppen

SBa^ tun

tviv

ift

9Kit ben Sippen pfeifen aSeiterl

rot,

mit ben ?ippen? n)ir.

2Bie biete ginger f)aben toir?

SBir t)aben

sei^n fjinger

Heine ginger!

jufammen.

J)a^

ift

ber

beginners' GERMAN ©inb 2)ie

ginger bid ober bilnn?

bie

Singer finb bilnn*

SBeld^e^ S)ie

35

ift

bie

gorm

ber ginger?

gorm ber finger ift mnb, nid^t man mit ben gingem?

edtg*

2Sa^ tnt

Slc^tung!

ajJit

ben fjtngem

SBie

t)iele

nnb

filfiU

man*

^al^ne f)aben ©ie?

\(i)ax\,

S)er ^al^n

ift

fpi^

nic^t ftnmpf*

9Bir l^aben jn)eiunbbrei6ig SS^ne* SBie finb bie 38^^^/ f^^^f *>^^^ ftnmpf?

SBa^ ;j)ie

bie Slufgabe ber

ift

Slufgabe ber Sft^ne

233a^ tnn mir

9Kit ben ?tufge»jaf|t!

Sllfe

3^^)^^? ift

jn beifeen unb gu fauen*

mit htn 3af)nen?

3S^«^^

beifeen

nnb fanen

h)ir*

granen unb ^inber

9K(inner,

l^aben

glDei

Slugen*

Tlit ben Slugen

ajtit

fel^en tt)iv.

SBir

atte tiaben

aud^

Ofiren*

gtDei

®a6

ben O^ren f)6ren ^ir*

O^r

Singe

unb ha^

finb nil^Iid^*

SBir l^aben eine 92afe*

9)Jit ber 5yjafe ried^t

S)ie SStugen, bie Ol^ren

unb

bie 9iafe finb

man* im ®t^

fic^t*

SDtit

btn

jefin

gingem an ben

itod ^cinben

fill^Ien

tDir*

®ie^

ift

bie red^te

§anb, unb ba^

ift

bie

linfe

§anb* 9}Jit

ber

^anb

fd^reiben h)ir*

SBir l^aben aud^ gmei 93eine unb itdd 9Kit ben 58einen unb glifeen gel^en

ba^

red^te S3ein,

unb

bie6

ift

gllfee*

h)ir*

J)a6

ber linfe gufe*

ift

beginners' GERMAN

36

SBir leden bic Sippen mit bcr S^^i^* bem 9)?unbc (mit ber ©titnme) fprec^en

9Wit

2Bir l^aben ami)

S)cr 5lrm

Slrme.

jtDci

n^ir*

ift

ba^

bem ^opf

[tub

©lieb ober ein ©lieb, S)ic Slrme Sllle

unb

bie

33eme fxnb ©licben

©lieber bilben ben .Sorper*

SBir l^aben aud^ eineu ^opf. k)iclc

S)a^ ^aav Sluf

2luf

^aare, l^at t)ielc

garben*

bem ^opfe tragen

lr)ir

eitien

^ut»

3ln ben giifeen tragen tDir ©triimpfe

S)er ©d^uf)

Declension

ift

bid, aber ber

ift

©d^uf)C* biinn*

in the Plural (bie Sippe, ber ginger, ber B^fin).

Nom.

bie

Gen.

ber ?ippen

ber ginger

Dat.

ben ?ippen

itn gingem

Ace,

bie

Sippen

bie

?ippen

Decline in the plural like bie Hufgabe, bie

Slume,

unb

©trumpf

gran,

ginger

bie

3^^ne

ber cS^^^e

ben ^Ci\)ntn

bie

ginger

bie

Sippe in complete sentences:

bie 3til^ne

bie Sefirerin, bie ©d^iilerin, bie 2Bo(f)e, bie

bie ©d^ule, bie ^ird^e, bie garbe, bie

U^r,

bie 5Hafe, bie

3unge.

Of what gender are these nouns? Are their stem-vowels a, o, u ever modified (Umlaut)

in

the plural?

How

are masculine nouns ending in -e inflected?

E.g. ber

^nabe.

The

-(e)n declension

is

called

the weak declension of

noims. All other

nouns that do not take the ending -(e)n in the

plural (or in the genitive singular) are said to follow the strong declension.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN Decline in the plural like ber finger: (a)

ber

(b)

with Umlaut

©ommcr,

Onfcl; ba^ 9Wabd^en,

ber ©driller, ber

ba;^ graulein;

(a, o, il):

ber 33ater, ber ©ruber, ber ©arten; bie abutter

Do

and

bie Jod^ter,

these nouns take an additional ending to form the

plural?

What

did you notice about the dative plural of

How many What

all

nouns?

feminine nouns are in this class?

are the nominative singular endings of

all

these

nouns? Decline in the plural like ber S^il^* (a)

without Umlaut: ber 2lrm, ber ©c^ul^, (ber gt^eunb), ber

ia^ (b)

(bie B^i^ne):

ber ©ol^n, ber gufe, ber bie

Most

Xaq;

Sdi)x; ba6 ©piel, ba^ 33ein.

with Umlaut

K^ H^ |p

^orpcr, bcr aSintcr, ber

?ef)rer, ber

1^.

1^

37

§anb,

bie

^a^t,

bie

^opl

ber §ut, ber ©trutnpf;

SBanb,

bie Suft,

nound that take the ending -e in the nominawhat gender? Are the nominative, genitive, and accusative plural always the same with any noun? Do English nouns ever form the plural by Umlaut? Illusof the

tive plural are of

trate.

Give the principal parts of nouns as follows:

bie ?ippe, ber

?ippe, bie Sippen; ber ginger, be^ ginger^, bie ginger, etc.

beginners' GERMAN

38

t)ter3ctjnte

Slttftjaffen!

5Iufgabc

5E3te l^etfeen biefe beiben

2)te

Stnbcr

Iieifeen

SBeld^e^ finb bie

©ie 9laTnen 2Ber

ftef)t

fiel^t

SBir

fel^en

ftel)t

unb

$an6 unb

grUj»

^inbem?

ben

unb

gri^^

9^amen bcr ^inbcr?

bet ^inbcr finb

bei

2)er Sefirer

SBer

^tnber?

^an6 unb

bei

ben ^nbern^

l^ort bie

^inber?

f)oren bie

^nber*

Declension of ia^ ^inb in the Plural.

f inber

Nominative

bie

Genitive

ber ^inber

Dative

ben

Accusative

bie

^inbem ^inber

Decline in the plural like ba^ ^inb in complete sentences: ba6 Sieb, ba^ ®Iieb; ba^ S3ud^, ba^ SSiid^er, etc.);

What

is

S3Iatt,

ba^ ©prid^toort

(bie

bet 2)?ann.

the gender of most nouns taking -er in the

nom-

inative plural?

Are the stem-vowels nouns?

a, 0,

u always modified in the plural

of these

NOTE S)iefe^

^inb

®er Snabe

ift

ein

fieifet

^nabe.

^arl.

Snaben ift tarl bem Snaben ein 93ud^. feF)en ben Snaben oft.

35er 9lame be^

3d^ gebe SBir S)iefe

Snaben

finb nteine ©driller.

beginners' GERMAN In what sion differ

39

way do the masculine nouns of the weak declenfrom the feminine nouns?

3f(^tung!

S)ie 9)?anncr einc^ (Biaatt^ ftnb btc SBiirger, 3)ie Staatctt 9^ett) 2)orf

unb

9ten) ^erfeij Itcgcn

im

I

Often

t)on §lmerifa»

Sic garbe ^ic

be;^

3tugc^

Stttgen ftnb

im

S)tc Slufgabc be;^

SBir l^aben

Why called

t[t

oft blau^

©eftd^t.

O^rc^

ift

gu I)6ren*

gtDei Di^ren,

should these three nouns be said to follow the so-

mixed declension?

^flnfjcl^nte Zlufgabe

(Review)

\ B.

Classify

The -n (1)

C.

class

(Weak

declension.

No

Umlaut).

the iV<7-ending class

(2)the (3)

nouns into:

all

the

1

-e

class

-cr

class (always

Umlaut)

,^,

declension). J

-(c)^ genitive singular; -(e)n nominative plural (Mixed declension). SBicbcrtjolung ber ganjen S)eHination ber tDorter mlinblid^

SSamm c3*

^*

l^eifeen

nnb

Nouns

fc^riftlid^!

anf beutfc^ ^anpttDorter?

it^ f)tibe gtDei 8ip|)cn,

bn

fiaft gefin

er f)at

32

ginger,

S^^xit,

^anpt^

40

beginners' GERMAN ftc

(c^) fiat t)ter Sild^cr;

Sd^rcrinncn,

n}ir f)abcn fiinf

^aht fcc^6

tl^r

©tc ftc

?e]^rer,

l^aben jtDct S^fe^^

^ahtn

ftarfc ®Iicbcr»

®ic (Change) ben ©ingular

SScrtDanbeln

plural in bicfcn

l^aft

(bic (Singal^l

in htn in

bie

einc S^afe,

id& f)abc

bu

©a^en

einen SBruber,

cr l^at cinen 2op\, fie

(e6) f)at ein Sieb*

S* S* SBir

fiaben (gtDei 5Rafen) 9?afen

®ibt e^ einen ^Inrd

uftt).

t)on „ein, eine, ein"?

SJJan fann folgenben *ipinral gebrand^en:

Nominative

einige

Genitive

einiger

Z>a/iz;e

einigen

Accusative

einige

SBeanttDorten

©ie

SBomit

bie folgenben

fefien n)ir?

SBomit

l^oren irir?

SBomit

ried^en n)ir?

SBontit fnt)Ien

tx)ir?

SBomit fc^meden

iDir?

SBomit

gel^en tdxx?

SBomit

fpred^en toir?

SBontit beifeen n)ir?

aiBomit fd^reiben njir?

gragen:

:

beginners' GERMAN SBeld^c^

bie

ift

garbc obcr

4I

gorm

bie

obcr bic 3<J^I

bcr Sippen?

ber i5to9^i^? ber

3^^^^?

berS3ll(^er?

Semen ®ie bie^ au^^ tt>enbifl:

9Kit ben

Hugen tann

id^ fel^en,

ben glifeen fann

gjjit

^^.^ ^^^

id^ gef)en,

§anben fann

ic^ greifen,

9Kit bent 9Kunbe fann

i(| pfeifen;

ben Ot)ren fann

9)}it

®nte

©prlid^e, treife Setiren*

©reifen S)er

id^ f)oren

l^alten.

l^eifet fiil^Ien,

aWnnb

mnb, trenn man pfeift* fommt t)on fpred^en.

ift

S)er Bpvud)

Supply the missing endings or words in: ^txi^nabe l^at ein- runben ^opf mit ein- furjen

^aU

(ber §al^, neck),

(gr l^at ein- red^ten

2lmt nnb ein- linfen 2lmi, and^

nnb — —

S3ein

mit

jel^n

O— What

,

linfe^ S3ein»

ein- fleine 91

case

do

— nnb

these

red^te^

(Sr fiat gt^ei

(gr l^at gtoei blane

.

—

fd^one

— S— ,

prepositions

§anbe

glDei

gnte

always

govern ntit,

na^,

Don, su, feit

nnb

bet,

aui^,

aufter?

Illustrate.

E.g.

SBir gel&en

na^ bem

SBeften ju nnferen grennben*

L

!

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

42

5ed?3eljnte 2lufgabe

®utcn

SBcId^er

t§ S^ncn? aSie ficpn-

€>^iitc ift

Jag

ift

^eute?

S)onner^tag, bcr 23» JZoDember 191

!Der

n)iet)ieltc ift t)cute?

!5)cr

breiunbjlDangigfte 9?ot)etnbcr*

ben Sie ft^?

©Vte^cn Sie

ieutHc(|:gfjennen

©ie ba^

fieutige

SBeld^e^

Saturn

iDar geftem?

SBeld^e^

Saturn

iDirb

SBeld^e^

Saturn

l^aben iDtr l^eute?

§cute

©atxtm nod^ einmal!

morgen

l^aben tDir ben breiunbjlDanjigften 9Jot),

SBcId^e^

Saturn

l^atten

SBeld^e^

Saturn

tDerben h)ir

SBann 9)?ein

fein?

ift

rt)tr

geftem

1911

(gel^abt) ?

morgen

f)aben? etc.

^^r ©eburt^tag?

©eburt^tag

Sin treld^em

Sage

ift

am

l^aben

jel^nten 3
©ie ^l^ren ©eburt^tag?

SBann ift SBaf^ington^ ©eburt^tag? SBann ift gincoto ©eburt^tag? ©eben ©ie bie rid^tige 3lnttt)ort in (ber, ben, am)

brei

©a^en

SJBann beginnt ber SBinter?

SBann beginnt ber griil^Iing? uftD* SBann ift 2Seif)nad&ten? 2ln tDeld^em Sage ift Sleuial^r? 9Kan tDllnfd^t feinen greunben „®lMli^e^ 9?eu^ ober „^rofit ^tniai)x" unb ,,grof)li(^e ial^r'' SBeif)nad^ten,"

SBeld^er SSeld^er

lanb?

Sag Sag

ift

ber 9?ationaIfeiertag in Slmerifa?

ift

ber 9?ationaIfeiertag in Seutfc^^

beginners' GERMAN SJBann ^abtn ©ie

©eben ®ic,

frci,

43

obcr tt)ann ^dbtn ®te gcrien?

ha^ genaue !S)atum an!

bitte,

NOTE PRETERIT

PRESENT

FUTURE

gcftem

l^cute

morgen

ti3ar

ber 22, 5«ot),

I

191L

(

)

ben22,9lot)a911[ge^a6t], bcn23.5«ot),

in

Where are German?

infinitives Illustrate.

[fein],

SKorgen

tt)ir

n)crbenn)ir(

2)onner^tag,

9Kittlt)od^,

fein

)

bcr 24, 9lot),

§eute f)aben

[gel^abt]

(

S^^itag,

191L

bcr 23. 5Rot).

©eftern l^attcn h)ir

n)trb

ift

S)onner^tag,

WitttdOii),

191L

)^aben

S^^itag, ben24,5«ot).[{)a6en].

and (perfect) past participles placed Are they inflected as verbal nouns?

Steb3et^nte 2lufgabe Stufgevafft!

2Btr tooUtn cin ncue^ ©ebtd^t lemen:

^tc 2onUx

man

@tn

®ebt(3^t,

^d^

h)erbe bie erftc ©tropl^c be^ Stebe^

ba^

tjorfprec^en, fo

3c^ S)a6

ftngcn fann,

ha^ ©ie mid^

^eife ntd^t, tt)a^ id^ fo

l^etfet

berftel^en

cin ?teb*

langfam fonncn:

foC e^ bebeuten,

traurig bin;

(Sin 5D?ftrd^en

an^ alten 3^tten,

S)a6 fontnxt ntir nid^t an^ bem ©inn*

©ic guft

ift

m% nnb e^ bunfett,

Unb ®cr

©ipfel be^ S3ergc^ fnnfelt

^m

5lbenbfonncnfd^cin»

rul^ig flicfet ber SJl^ein;

.

beginners' GERMAN

44

unb

SBcId^e SBorter fcnncn ®tc,

n)o ftnb

bor*

fie

gcfommen? SBeld^e SSorter fennen

©ic nid^t?

bcbeuten, ba^ 2)?ar(^en, vnt)iQ, bcr

S)ie SBorter:

©ipfel, ber S3erg, funfelt^

iBebcuten

9Kan ba^

fo

fieifet

2Ba^

fagt:

ift

9?ur)ig bebeutet

S)ic gorclei

fagen,

l^eifeen*

ba^ bebeuten, ober tDa^

SSa^

l&eifeen?

(Sin SKard^en

t)iel tt)te:

foil

tDolIen

®ic

foil

bantit fagcn?

eine ©efd^id^te, eine Segenbc*

ftill.

auf cinem SBerg

fi^t

English:

(cf.

ice- J^g)

!Dcr ©ipfel be6 93erge^ S)cr gufe be^ S3erge^ (g^ funfelt

9Ba^

SBo

ift

ift: f)0(^

ift:

unten

oben auf bem S3erge»

am

(an bem) SBerge*

e^ fd^eint, e^ glifeert*

l^eifet:

ba^ ©egenteil Don: traurig?

l^aben

©ie

e^ gelemt?

28a6 fonnen ©ie 2)er 9Jf)ein

fiir

„e^ bunfelt" fagen?

mf)ig*

fliefet

(gr

ift

ein

glufe, ein

©trom* S)er aWiffiffippi

ift

aud^ ein glufe, aber er

fliefet

f(^nelt.

SSerftel^en

©ie

©e^en ©ie ben

je^t

aKe^?

le^ten glDei

bie

3^W^^

^^^ Sorelei in

"ipiural!

3fefet iDoIten h)ir

ha^ Sieb,

bie Sorelei, ober bie erfte

©tropl^e be^ Siebe6 ftngen! 2Bie biele Sieber l^aben

tt)ir

fd^on au^menbig

ge^^

lemt?

©ingen ©ie entail

D

SEannenBoum nod^ einmal!

3d^ ^erbe ^f)nen be^ biftieren!

bie erfte ©tropfie be^

neuen gie^

BEGINNERS GERMAN %d^imqlA

45

^cinrtc^ ^cine ^at ha^ fci^onc ?icb, btc Sorelet, gcfc^rieben ober gebid^tet.

(gr

^al^re

1797 geboren unb

gcftorben.

(Sr lebte alfo t)on

tDurbe faft

59

im

fd^onften

fd^oner

unb

ffrarjen

S* S*

unb

ift

im

1797

^afire alt,

fciticr

ift

bcr ©tester

^einrid^ ^einc tDurbe

be6 fd^onen ©ebtd^te^.

1856 unb

S)ie Sorelei

ift

ein^

@^

©ebic^tc,

bcften

1856

^af)re

bi^

ift

bcffer al^ Diele feiner Sieber*

unb Wxttooxtcn

SSBer f)at bic Sorelei gebid^tet? ufto*

NOTE er f)at ba^ ©ebid^t gcbid^tet, aber cr ift inx ^ai)xt

1856

geftorben.

What kind of verb is bid^tcn? And ftcrbctt? Are they both transitive verbs? Note auxiliaries. Where

is

the negative nid^t placed?

2ld?t3eljnte

Sctcn Sic aufmcrfs

§cute toerben

tt)ir

2tufgabe ba6 Sieb,

bie ?oreIei,

becnben

^^^^ beenbigen!

^d)

h)erbe

Qf)nm ha^

2)?ctrd^en

bon ber Sorelei

cr^

gal^Ien*

iBeenbigen

fommt bon @nbc.

Seenbiguttg

fieifet

©rjcil&Iung

l^eifet

tttda^ beenbigen, ((Sr)jaf)Ien

fommt

t)on

3
ettda^ erjcifilen,

SBa^ 2{Ifo:

©ie

ift

bie

Sorelei

d^en

SBieber^oIung? ift

nad^ ber Segenbe ein fd^one^

mit golbnem ^aar,

©ie

fifet

"ifflab^

oben auf

beginners' GERMAN

46 "^

Unten

Serge ant dt^dn.

cinetn [ef)r

Sorelei f)at bli^enbe S'utDelen

benen

ne^

flie^t ber ^^Ii^fe

ftarf jtDifc^en l^of)en gelfen

^amm

^aar

§anb,

in ber

©ie

fdmntt^

(rocks).

unb

3)ie

l^at eitien

iDonttt fie

if)r

@in ©c^iffer in

feinem fleinen ©(^iffe, in einent ©c^iffc^en,

nnr

ftirbt ber ©c^iffer in

Sie

glDeite

altein an,

fie

bem

S3oot an

fd^ellt (jerbrid^t) fein

Slttftttcrfs

l^ort

iu ber [c^onen Sorelei entpor

\itf)t

(£r fief)t

(l^inanf)*

golb^

fingt ein tDnnberbotle^

Sieb mit ntcid^tiger 3)?eIobie*

ba^ 8ieb nnb

gol-

nnb

fo ger^

©0

gelfen*

ben SBelten be6 dt^tin^.

©tropl^e t)on

!J>ie

Soreici lantet:

iatn fein!

^ungfran

S)ie fc^onfte

fi^et

Sort oben tDnnberbar,

Q^v

golbne^ ©efd^nteibe bli^et,

©ie fcimmt

if)r

©ie fammt

e^

golbene^ ^aar.

^amme

mit golbenem

Unb

fingt ein Sieb babei,

©a^

]^at eine

tDnnberfame,

©elDaltige SKelobei^

2Ba^ fonnen ©ie SBa^ fonnen©ie

ftatt bli^et

2Ba^ fonnen ©ie

ftatt gettjalttge

S)ie britte

©en

fagen?

SWebbei fagen?

bie jttieite ©tropl^e!

nnb

le^te ©tropf)e lantet fo:

©d^iffer

(grgreift e^

@r @r

Su«9ftau fagen?

goIbne)^@efd|meibe fagen?

2Ba^ fonnen ©ie

©ingen ©ie ad^ttttig!

ftatt bte f^i)nfte ftatt t^r

im

fleinen ©d^iffe

mit n)ilbem

2Bel^;

fd^ant nid^t bie gelfenriffe, fd^ant

nnr

f)inanf in bie §o]&»

!

beginners' GERMAN

^^

47

gtaubc, bic SBellen t)erf(^nn9cn

Sim Snbe ©d^iffer unb ^a{)n; f)at mit i{)rem ©ingcn

Unb ba6

S)ie Sorelet gctan.

S)er ©d^iffer

l^at alfo

(gr frfiaut

[o

tft

t)iel

2Ba^ fonnen ®ie fd^Iingen

©el^nfud^t (longing).

h)ie? fageti anftatt: bie SBellen \)tx^

am @nbe

©d^iffer

unb ^af)n?

SBe^Iialb [tirbt ber ©c^iffer?

©ingen ©ie ^teffc!

bie lefete ©tropt)c ber gorelei!

Unfere Slufgabe

fllr

morgen

ift:

©te gorelei gans au^tDenbig gu lernen

unb

fd^reiben

gu fijunen*

Heun3eljnte 2lufgabe Stt^tung!

9Ba^ 2)a6

I)aben tft

^[t e^

Sa,

©te ha liegen?

etn Sud^.

3^r

e^,ift

93u(^?

mein

33ud^.

3ft e^ ein §eft? SJldn, e^

3d^

ift

fein §eft,

fe^e l^ier

au^

fonbem

ein iBilb,

ein 33ud^*

unb bort

finb fed^^

genfter. !J)a6

^etr

XA

papier barf aber nid^t l^erumliegen!

©tefien ©ie auf

©agen ©ie: ©ie

id^ ftel^e

auf*

finb grofe, be^l^alb fage id^: ©tel&cn

Sn einem ^inbe fage 3u ^inbem fage id&:

id&:

©ie auf!

fteK^) (^^U ftel&t

auf!

beginners' GERMAN

48

yitf)mtn ©ic, bittc,

^6) ncl^mc mcin

^^v

55ud^!

$8uci&.

^ffnen ®ic Q\)v Sud^, ober madden Sic 3i&r S8u^ auf!

3(^

offnc

©d^Iicfeen

«uc^ ^d^

mein 93ud^ ober mad^e mcin Sud^ Sie

icijt 3i&t^

auf,

Sud^, ober mad&en@ie

3fltr

Su!

fd^Iiefee ieijt

mein 58ud^ ober mad^e mein $8ud&

in.

Scgcn ©ic 3f)r S8ud^

3d^

lege

mein iBud^

f)in

ober tDcg!

f)in.

©el^n ©ie ftd^! (33Ieiben ©ie ftel^en!) ©ie tnuffen fagen: id^ felje mid^* ^anfe

5)a^ iDar nid^t

fd^on!

iibel,

ba^

gut!

tt>av

3^r «ud^

I^tduletn

3ft

3!

aWein 35ud^ SBeld^e^ J)ie

ift

ift

bie

diele

rot.

garbe 3^re^ SBud^e^? ift

rot.

©eiten in 3f)rem S8ud^(e)?

meinem 58ud^ finb 3eigen ©ie mir ^i)v iBud^! 3^ geige ^i^neti mein Sud^» 3^an)of)I, in

fjraulein

©ie

21*'

rot?

griln, blau ober

garbe meine6 iBud^e^

©inb

t)iele

l^aben ein fd^one^ ^leib an.

©eiten.

SSeld^e garbe f)at

S^r^Ieib?

2)a§ toar

^n

ein paar

n)ie

unaufmerffam ©ie

©tunben mufe

e^ beffer gefien!

ntd^t^!

Q^

3d^ mufe ©ie

loben (praise)!

ift

nid^t

5U glauben, 8tuf|iaf|en!

id^

offne

mein

35ud&,

fein fonnen!

I

BEGINNERS GERMAN bu

Scorer: Scl^rer

unb

'

«Iaffc:

offncft bcin S3ud^,

cr offnct fcin ^Vi6),

offnet

ftc .

49

if)r

33u(^,

c^ offnet fein 53u(^; n)ir offnctt unfere SBiic^cr,

'

t^r offnet eure Silc^cr,

©ie offnen 3^re fie

id^ JlonjuQte^ ren Sie afic {^

Sufammen:

offnen

fd^Iiefee

mein

genfter;

^^^^ ^ein ^eft nic^t anf^ Sege ic^ mein papier f)in?

^i)

\)aht

\6) ftelle

mein ^leib an;

mein

S3ilb nid^t toeg (ftellen

©d^reiben ®ie

3c^ einmal!

Slicker,

if)re SBiic^er,

mein i8nd^

lege ie^t

SBer legt je^t fein SBuc^

SBa^

legft

bn

SSol^in legt

SBann

legen

jefet

SJSie n3erben fein

legen).

l^in!

f)in?

^in?

if)r jefet

®ie

l^eifet

^onjngationen gn ^anfe!

biefe

enre SBiid^er?

^\)xt S3iid^er f)in?

unb mein,

bein, fein, unfer, euer,

i^t befliniert?

SBarum nennt man

fie

@in=9Borter?

aSeld^e^ finb bie (Snbungen be^ ^rdfen^?

NOTE Can an adverb separate the from its subject in German? Is it possible in English?

Illustrate

your assertion.

inflected

form

of the predicate

!

beginners' GERMAN

50

Hufgcjiafet!

2Ba^

©ie ba?

fef)en

^\t e^ einc Jafcl ober tint ^arte? 3)a^

eine 2afel, fcinc ^axtt.

ift

J)ic lafel i)ti^t aud^ bie SBanbtafel, tDcil

SBanb 5)ic

^artc

SBarum ffraulein

«taffe:

ftc

an bcr

ift.

aud^ bie SBanbfartc,

l^etfet

ficifet fie

fo?

©tel^en ©ie auf!

3d&

ftel^e

3)u

ftef)ft

auf.

auf uflD.

©el^en ©ie fc^nelt an bie 2^afel!

aiaffe:

^^

Qt^t fd^netl

2)u

gel^ft fd^nelt

an

bie

an

bie

SafeL Safel uftD.

9fef)men ©ie bie ^reibe ober ein ©tiid ^reibe in bie

§anb!

^c^ nel^me

fd^netl bie

SBie

treibe?

ift

bie

^reibe in bie §anb»

3^ ft fie h)eife ober fd^toarj?

^it ^reibe

toeife,

ift

aber

bie

Sinte (ink)

fc^tuara.

3ft

bie

Safe!

n^eife?

9iein, bie lafel

ift

nid^t toeife,

fonbem

fc^h)arg.

©d^reiben ©ie an bie Safel bie Xux (door)

Slaffe! SBeiter

an

^i)

fd^reibe

3)u

fd^reibft ufto.

bie

Jafel bie Xnt.

fpttfa^ren!

?efen ©ie, toa^ an ber lafel

ftel^t!

an ber Safel

ftel^t*

ilBir lefen, h)a^

ift

;

beginners' GERMAN gcgcn @ic bic ^rctbc tDicbcr

bu

l^in!

^rcibc tDiebcr ^n.

Qii) lege bic

tiaffc!

SI

Icgft uftD*

Scenbigcn! ©cl^en ®ic in ^l^re Sanf!

mcine Sdant

^'(^ gel^c in

bu geMt in beinc S3ant,

Slaffe:

cr gcl^t in feinc 93anf,

in

fie gcf)t .

itirc

58anf,

e^ gef)t in fcine 58anf n)ir gcl^en in unfere S3(infc,

'

in cure 93(infe,

if)r gcf)t

®ie

gcl^cn in 3ff)tc SSanfe,

fie gcl^cn

in

if)re SBfinfe^

©cf)cn ®ie bort bic ©tange?

9((^tung!

!Die

©tange

SSic

ftc^t in eincr (gdfe biefer

(gden

t)icle

IJrttuleitt

©e^en ©ie

9i.!

3f(^ feljc mid).

Sei^rer irab

bu

Piaffe;

cr fe^t

I)at bic

©tube.

©tube?

fid^!

fefe(ef)t

Wdj,

m,

fie feijt ft.^, i

eg

fefet ft(^,

tt)ir

il^r

^"

fe^en uttS, fc^t

md),

'

J \

r

®te fe^en

flci^,

'

fie fet^en fid).

;

^enr «.!

SBie befinben ©ie

^^

fid^ l^cute,

befinbe mid^ n)ol)l

unb

gut ober fd^Ied&t?

gut*

BEGINNERS GERMAN

52 Slaffc! Sertig

mac^en! Slaffe! SBeitcr!

bu

bcftnbcft bid^ ufm*

5iif)Ien

Qd)

©ic

bic Jlir.

ift

p.

ie^t

ift

©tcl^en ©ic auf, unb madden bic 8uft

©te

bie Xixv auf,

bcnn

ift fd^Icd^t.

©agen ©ic ©d^iitct:

obcr fd^n)ac|?

bxi fuf)Ift bid^ ftarf uftD.

©a6

5)ic Jilr

^err».!

ftd^ ftarf

tnid^ ftarf;

fiifile

iebc^mal, tDa^ ©ic tun!

id^ ftcl^c auf,

td^ gcl^c

an

S)ie Siir

mad^e

id^

^d^ gel^e

bu

ftel^ft

bie Jiir^

ju;

ift jefet

fie

auf^

(h)ieber) juriidf in

auf

meine33anf unb fe^e

rnic^*

ufrt).

?5erttg

madjtnl ^lopfen ©ie an

3d^

ffopfe

an

bie Jiir!

bie Xixv.

Sel^rer:

©ann fage id^: ,,^erein! O! ©ie finb e^?''

S((^tung!

?fef)men ©ie 3^re geber!

9Kan

fd&reibt

geber unb Jinte. Setter unb

id^

filaffc:

net)me meine S^ber,

bu nintmft beine geber,

nimmt feine i^^ber, nimmt il^re geber, I e^ nimmt feine geber; n)ir nel^men unfere gebem ufn)» S&o l^aben n)ir nimm gef)abt? r

j

er

fie

mit

(ber)

beginners' GERMAN Secret:

©pred^en ©ie ®eutfd&?

ttaffc unb Secret:

id^ fpred^c

©eutfd^,

bu

©eutfc^,

fpric^ft

S3

er fprid^t J)cutf(^ ufm.

Note the change

of root-vowel c into

i

in the second

(ic)

and

third

singular present.

Sonjugic* ®ie:

rctt

i^ gebc il^m mein Sdu^, bu t^^ lefe

meine

id^ fcl^c

mein

©ie miiffen

®efc^i(^te, iBilb,

bu

bu

licft

ficl^ft

alle^ miinblid^

gibft

.

.

unb

.

.

.

.

fd^rtftlid^

madden!

(£tnunb3tt)an3igfte 2lufgabe Stufgc^jafet!

®a^

ift

bcr Xtfd^.

S)a^

ift

ein Sifd^.

(g^

ift

mein

Sifd^^

3ft e^ ein ©d^ranf ? 9?ein, e^

9Bie

3ft

er

ift

runb ober

gotm

Q^

fifee

an bem Sifd^ unb auf bem ©tul^L

SBo

filje

id^?

©ie

fi^en

©ie fe^en Sluf^jaffen!

be^ Jifd^e^? edEig?

S)ie

be^ Jifd^e^

S)a^

ift

aSa^

ift

©run,

id^

fid^

mid^ {e^t?

ie^t

an ben Jifd^ unb auf ben ©tul^I*

ber Sleiftift! bie

garbe meine^

S3Ieiftift^?

blau, rot, gelb?

©d^tDarg,

2Bo

ift edfig.

an bem Sifd^ unb auf bem ©tul^L

SBol^in fe^e

f

©d^ranf, fonbem ein 2ifd^»

fein

gorm

bie

ift

liegt

njeife,

mein

braun ober gran? SBIeiftift?

?

!

beginners' GERMAN

54

3^r

auf bent Xi\d).

SBIeiftift liegt

SBofiin lege

meincn

id^

^^vm

©ic

Icgen

^\t

biefer S3leiftift

SBIciftift?

auf ben

53Ieiftift

!5)iefer SBIeiftift ift

Xi\(S).

meincr obcr bcr fcine obcr bcr

bcr meine

unb

nid^t ^Iircr*

NOTE

What

is

the difference between the possessive adjectives

and the possessive pronouns? 5Paffen

®ie ®cr Xi\^

^wf*

ift f)od^,

!Dcr 3:ifd^

ift

aber ber ©tuf)I

ift

nicbrig.

mir, aber bcr ©d^ranf

nal^c bei

ift

fern (meit ah) t)on mir^

^ft ber

©d^tiiffel

©el^en ©ie

bem

9Kit

@in

3«

etnem

SBifd^er tdi\d)tn h)ir bie 3:afel ab.

fold^er

^orb

ein

im ©d^ranf

ben SBifd^er unb bort btn ^orb?

f)ier

^orb

fieifet

aud^ ein *iPapierforb,

ba^ papier

fiir

Sragen ©ie ben

fd^hjcren

tDcil

ift»

^orb bor ben ©d&ranf

©rfjiilet:

^orb t)or ben ©d^ranf, ^orb t)or ben ©d^ranf, triigt ben ^orb tior ben ©d^ranf;

Center unb

id^

trage ben

Slaffe:

bu

trSgft ben

cr

(fie,

n)ir il^r

e^)

tragen bie ^orbe Dor bie ©durante, tragt bie

©ie tragen fie

aSotft^t!

SBo

^orbe bor

bie

^orbe

tragen bie ^orbe

ftef)t

ber

^orb

bie ©d^rcinfe,

t)or bie

t)or bie

©d^rcinfc^

©d^ranfe^

iefet?

^orb ftef)t {eljt t)or bent ©d^rant fatten ©ie btn ^orb Jointer ben ©tuf)!! 3fd^ i^alte ben ^orb f)inter btn ©tuf)L S)er

e^

'

BEGINNERS GERMAN ben ^orb I)mter ben ©tul^l,

aSettetr

bu

|t?ff<^J

cr

£? maS'

tDtr fatten bie

*

P

f)Slt\t (ftc,

e^) l^alt ben

«orb

Winter

«orbe Winter

bie

bm ©tul&I;

^mu

uftD.

torb je^t? ber ^orb l^tnter bem ®tnf)L 3efet ift ©el^en ©te tDteber auf ^i)xtn ^la^! SBo

ift

Q^

Qttjt iDieber

bu

3ltte, tueiter! [

ber

I

anf meinen ^Ia^»

gel^ft n)ieber auf belnen

tDieber auf if)ren "ipia^,

e^ gefit toieber auf feinen ^la^; n)ir gel^en tDieber

©e^en ®ie S'd^ fe^e

bu

*ipiafe,

er gel^t tt)ieber auf feinen ^lai}, fie gelit

\

Slaffe!

55

auf unfere ^la^e uftu^

auf 3f)ren ^la^!

fid^

mid^ auf meinen ^la^, auf beinen ^lafe uftD*

fei5(ef)t bid^

Sfertig

tnae^en!

j^q^j.

Which two verbal forms may be used

as imperatives?

Observe the change of root-vowel a into

in the second

ft

and third

singular present.

Sonjugics ten ®ie:

id^ h)afd^e

bu '

.

mir ba^ §aax

rt)afd^(ef)t bir

er tDafd^t

ba^ ^aar,

e^ tDafd^t

ba^ ^aar;

tdix tDafd^en

©ie fie

un^

bie

tDafd^t eud^ bie

il^r

iDafd^en

§aare (ba^ §aar),

^aare,

fid^ bie

tDafd^en fid^ bie

^aare,

^aare*

^ottiugieren ©ie in berfelben SBeife miinblid^ id^ n)afd^e id^ fd^lafe

^aare),

ba^ §aar,

fid^

fie iDcifd^t fid^

fid^

(bie

ba^ §aar,

mir ben ^opf uftt). gut in meinem Sett

unb

ufiD*

fd^riftlid^:

beginners' GERMAN

56

®tc

@rgaf)Icn

®ie

SBann

©te

auf, tDafc^en

©ie in

gel^en

fd^rcibcn ©ic,

tioa^

tun!

@te

ftef)en

unb bann

erft,

am Jage

btc

[td^, effen

©le,

fomtnen ©ie nad^

©d^ulc,

^aufe, arbeiten unb fpielen ©ie,

gel^en

©ie ju

Sett?

SBann

©ie in

gefien

2Ba^ tun ©ie, ^d^

bie

meinen

^d)

rid^te

au^ ber S8anf,

bMt

^lafe, id^

*ipia^, id^ trete

^ird^e?

ba^ papier aufjul^eben?

auf, id^ trete

ftel^e

auf,

um

mid^,

mid^ auf,

in bie S3anf,

id^ f)ebe

gel^e

id^ id^

Soniugteren ®ie bie^ gu gnbe miinblid^ unb

id^

berlaffe

ba^ papier auf meinen

fe^e mid^.

fd^riftlid^!

NOTE

What

is

the only true reflexive pronoun?

With what person

is it

used?

Is it declinable?

Are t^ and ba^ variable as indefinite subjects? Can you now decline the personal pronouns? Singular ist

Person

2d Person

MASCULINE

3d Person FEMININE

NEUTEI

Norn,

id)

bu

er

fie

Gen.

meiner

beiner

feiner

il^rer

feiner

Dat.

mir

bir

if)m

i^r

ii^m

Ace,

mid^

bid^

it)n

fie

e^

Plural

Nom.

tDtr

if)r

Gen.

unfer

euer (3f)ren)

il)rer

Dat.

un^

eud& (3f)nen)

i^nen

Ace.

un^

cud^ (©ie)

fie

(©ie)

fie

e^

I

BEGINNERS GERMAN

57

gtt)etunb3ir)an3igfte 2lufgabc

®inb

altc

Slber tDcr iiberfefeen

ba ober

fef)It

©ic

iemanb?

auf engli[d^

iDeife, tDie

©ede

iiber

(£^

SBanben befinben

25or ber ^Ia[[e

®a6 ©d^uljimmer

bie Xixv.

S)ie Xixx

fiil^rt

ha^ Simmtv Don linf^, ^immel nnb bie SBoIfen ift

anf ben ®ang. nid^t

Don

ftel^t

Siir nnb

l^at eine

2ln ber linfen @ette ftnb bie genfter,

an ber

©a^

gid^t

9Bir

red^t^*

bnrd^ bie genfter.

l^at

S)er gufeboben

§ln ben

btc SEafeIn, bie be^f)alb aud^ iffiatibtafeln fieifecn,

be^ Sef)rer^»

mer

©d^ull^au^*

3)e(fe»

2ln htn

un^,

SBanbeti l^angcn aud^ 93ilber»

fter,

im

ftc^

SSanbe, einen gufeboben unb eine

unter un^, btc

ftd^

3f^txcn?

S^ulsimmcr

Unfcr ©d^uljtmmer beftnbet

t[t

fctilt

biefe i^vaQt in^ (Sngtifd^Cv

Uttfcr

Diet

3Sa^

l^ei^t:

ha^ ^ult fiinf

gen^

rec^ten

ift

fommt

in

fef)en

ben

Unfer ©d^nljim^

bieredig^

SBa^

©ad^en ober ©egenftctnbe

fiir

fel^en

toir

in

unferm ©d^nlgimmer? 3^ifd^en

meld^en

3^^^^^

ift

^^\^^

®d^nt==

jimmer? 5yieben ttield^em

3ft

bie

SBo

ift

^i^ttter

ift

nnfer ©d^nljimmer?

J)ede oben ober nnten? ber

SBarum

gupoben?

finb bie genfter anf ber linfen ©eite ber

©d^nlftnbe? $D?an fann beffer lefen, tDenn ba^ Sid^t t)on linf^

fomntt* (g^

ift

beffer fiir bie Slngen*

beginners' GERMAN

58 2Ba^

fel^en h)ir

fonnen

SaSic

SBa^

fiir

burd^ bie gcnftcr?

tt)ir

©d^uljimmer

(Sin

fiir bie

S^utsimmcr fagcn?

unfer

\tatt

3tTnmer

ein

tft

^i^tncr in

ein

ift

©d^ulgimmcr?

ein

bcr ©d^ule

©d^liler.

®ef)en ®ie {e^t in bie ©d^nle?

©d^nle*

3^an)of)I, id^ gel^e je^t in bie

2Ba^

fiir

ein 53oben

Sin gnpoben 2Sa^ S33a^

gnpoben?

ein

ift

ber Sgoben nnter ben giifeen*

ift

fiir

ein

^orb

ift

ber ^apierforb?

fiir

ein

Xu^

ift

ba^ Safd^entnd^?

giir bie {Q^vc) 9Zafe fiaben

©ie

ein Jafd^entud^ in

ber Safd^e,

2Ba6 !J)ie

eine Xafel

SBanbtafel

SBa^

aSo

fiir

fiir

eine

ein SSef)

SBa^

fiir

ein

ift

!I)ie

ein iBnd^

fiir

fiir

ha^ ^opfh)ef)? ^atinlDe^?

ift

«nd^

ift

ba^ Silberbnd^?

mit S3ilbem,

eine 3^it

©ommerjeit

2Ba6

an ber SBanb.

9Banbnf)r?

bie

ift

bie tlaffennf)r?

ift

fiir

@^

SBanbtafel?

eine Jafel

ift

U^r

9Ba^

2Ba^

bie

ift

ift

eine 3^tt

bie

bie

ift

ift

©ontmerjeit?

3^it be^ ©omnter^^

bie SBinterjeit? ^erbftjeit?

grii^Iing^Seit?

2Bo

l^aben h)ir Sutttmerseit gef)abt?

SBa^

fiir

ein

dimmer

Sin S3abejimmer SBa^

fiir

ein

ift

dimmer

ein

ift

ein

Sabejimmer?

^i^^^^ i^^

ift

ein

33aben*

SBol^ngimmer?

(©ie tDol^nen in 3^l^rem ^anfeO

aSa^ iffio

fiir

finb

3d^ bin

ein

©ie iefet

3itnmer

ift

benn ein d^iimmtx?

jefet?

in

meinem ©d^ulsimmer^

beginners' GERMAN fiDitjugie^

S)u

bift jefet

ten Sic ba^ ©e^eti ©ie

®ie

^^"*

in beinem ©d&ulsttnmcr

SSefd^reibung

bie

Srft munblid^, bann

bic

fion|uga:=

33ef($reiben

un^

59

©ie

'^iix

uftt).

unfere^

©d^uljim^

fd^riftlid^!

©d^uljimrtter, ober gebcn

eine Sefd^reibung

©ic

bon S^retn ©c^uljimmer; t)on

3f)tem 2Bof)njimmer;

bon 3f)rem (gfejimmcr; bon 9JaturIi(j^

immer

miinblic^

-3i^t:em

unb

58abegimmcr!

[(^riftlid^!

NOTE say of compound nouns?

What can you E.g.

Which

(component) determines their gender and

factor

their declension?

Which component has the accent? How does the first component affect the meaning compound noun?

When

of the

do the prepositions an, auf, l^intcr,

tiebeti, in,

uber, untcr, t>ox unb smif^en

Do you ask where or whereto? do these prepositions take the Accusative? SBie fragen ©ie: SBo ober tt)ot)in? Illustrate.

take the Dative?

When

From now on encourage

the students to ask questions on

the reading texts, so as to stimulate their natural interest

and curiosity and to develop

their

power

of expression.

beginners' GERMAN

6o

2lufgabe

Dreiunb3rr)an3tgfte

ijortfc^ung t)on „Unfcr Sc^ulsimmcr"

3n

unfcrcr Piaffe finb

famnten 44 ©driller. SBir

©d^iilcrinnen,

S3anf» offen,

2Bir i)abm todl

nod^ 16 ©driller, b. !) h.

flatten

guerft

tt)ir

aufmerffam

S)ie

ftnb.

unb aud^

fonnen aud^ beutfd^ gelDol^nlid^

linte*

mit

©d^iiler gtDci

unb

auf einer

gal^Ien,

red^nen

unb

ift

ober

©c^ii^^

SSor itod ^af)vtn

SBir lernen ©eutfd^

lefen, tioa^ bie

aber

iBIeiftift,

Sel^rerin

SBir ©d^iilcr unb

je^t SDeutfc^,

nod^ fein S)eutfd^»

fpred^en, fd^reiben

49

anf 33anfen, metften^

lerinnen lernen ie^t J)eut[d^ in ber ©d^ule* l^atten

^naben

Syjabd^en, alfo ju^

^.

33ud^er t)or un^, aber fein S3u(^

t)iele

un^

einc Sefirerin lel^rt

2Bir

[tfecn

ganj

tDir

iefet

28 ©d^ulerinnen,

obcr S'ungen, unb

^auptfad^e

berftel^en, ift*

2Bir

SBir fd^reiben

fingen*

mand^mal aud^ mit geber unb

2lm ©onnabenb unb

©onntag

l^aben

tt)iv

immer

frei^

©agen ©ie, 3^f)rer

t^ie biele ©driller

unb ©d^iilerinnen

in

eignen Piaffe finb!

^aben ©ie

einen beutfd^en Sel^rer ober eine beutfd^e

?el^rerin?

28ann

l^atten

©ie nod^

S?or einem -3af)re Sci^rcr

Piaffe:

unb

S)u ^r

l^attcft t)or (fie,

e^)

fein S)eutfc^?

l^atte id^

einem

f)atte

nod^ fein ©eutfd^*

S'cifire

nod^ fein S)eutfd^,

bor einem S'al^re nod^ fein

S)eutf(^; tt)iv

ii)v

©ie

^atitn t)or einem ^al^re nod^ fein S)eutfd^,

^atUt dor einem ^al^re nod^ fein 3)eutfd^, l^atten t)or

fie flatten

einem Qai)xt nod^

fein ©eutfd^,

dor einem ^ctfire nod^ fein S)eutfd^,

beginners' GERMAN ^oniuqit'

3^ Icrntc

ren Sic

[^ ^attc mein Sud^

t)or

einem 3a()xc nod^ fcin ©cutfc^

id^ tnac^te bic erftc

bu mad^teft

Conjugate

6l

bet

uftD/,

mir,

Slufgabe,

bie gtueitc Slufgabc uftD*

similarly in full sentences:

legen, ftellcn, setgen,

leJ^rctX;

fagcn,

gcil^Icn,

rcd^ncn,

offnen*

NOTE What

are the endings in the preterit?

SBa^

ltt)xt

Icf)rt

®te bcr ®ie bcr

englifd^e Sef)rer?

aSa^ 9Ba^

Ie]f)rt

©ie ber

gried^tfd^e ?ef)rcr?

aSa^

Ict)rt

©ie bcr

latcinifd^c !2cf)rcr?

9Bic

t)iclc

©d^iilcr

franjofifd^e ?ef)rer?

unb ©d^iilcrinncn

finb

in

S^rcr

cngltfd^cn

SIa[fc? ufm.

9n 3n 3n 3n

3)cutfd^Ianb tDol^ncn ©cutfd^c, bic 3)cutfd^ fprcd^cn*

(Snglanb

tDol^ncti Snglcinbcr, bic Snglifd^ fprcd^cn*

granfrctc^ n)of)ncn gransofcn, bic grangofifd^ fprcd^cn*

Slmcrifa ti3o{)ncn Slmcrifancr, bic

Change the

—

fprcd^cn.

last four sentences into the singular!

E.g:

3n Scutfd^Ianb tt)o^nt bcr ©cutfd^c, bcr ©cutfc^ fprid^t ufm* What is the force of the adjective-ending -ifd^?

beginners' GERMAN

62

Pierunb3tt)an3tgfte

2lufgabe

Unfcr Sc^ut^au^

Unfer ^laffenjimmer ]()an^ l^at t)iele

dimmer

@ang

gef)en,

ift

jimmer

fiinf

fomnten

iDtr

bem

©d^ulfiau^^

SSenn

tt)ix

®ang

auf ben

Itegen

^ta^

an unferem ®ange. ©d^ulftnben.

t)tele

ober ginr*

2lud^ iiber

Ol^ne

unfere ©d^ulfinber*

filr

©todiDerfe ober ©efd^offe*

SBenn

Unfcr ®(|nl^

au^ nnferem ©d^n(=

lang nnb breit, nid^t hirj unb fd^maL

liegen nod^

fienug

liegt in

©d^uljtmmer,

biefe

Unfer

cS^oIf ©(^ul=

unb unter un^

l^atten

tDtr

ntd^t

Unfer ©d^ull^au^ ^at tDir burc^ bie

^au^tiir

fommen tvix in ba^ grbgefd^ofe. fteigen, fo fommen n)ir in ben erften

in ba^ ©d^ulf)an^ treten, fo

SBenn

tDir eine 2:reppe f)od^

©tod.

2Bir finb

3ebe6 ©todflDerf

glDei l^at

3:reppen

f)od^,

alfo int jmeiten ©todf.

mef)rere ^laffenjimnxer.

Sine Sreppe

Don einem ©efd^ofe in ba^ anbere. 3:ief unten ift ber teller ntit ^of)Ien, ^ols unb anberen ©ad^en. §oc^ oben ift

fiil^rt

ber 93oben, ilber

bem

ftd^

ba^ S)ad^ befinbet.

@^

ber oberfte Seil be^ $>aufe^.

Sefd^reiben ©ie

f)at eine

t)iele

SBelc^e

ift

braune garbe»

S^r ©d^ulf)au^!

2Bie Diele ©d^ulaintmer SBie

!Da^ S)ad^

l^at

e^?

©todfn)erfe?

garbe?

3eigen ©ie mir ben ®ang! ©dottier:

Id^ aeige ^i^tien

(bir)

ben ©ang.

®ang.

mir ben ®ang,

Setter:

bu

ataffe:

er geigte if)m ben

jeigteft

fie seigte il^r

©ang,

ben ®ang;

n)ir jeigten eud^ bie ©cinge,

3^d& geigte

hen

—

:

beginners' GERMAN gcigtct

xtjx

un6

63

®&nQt,

bic

gcigtcn tfincn bic ©ftnflc*

ftc

SBemanbeln ©tc

bicfc ®(i^e, tnilnblt(3^

3ebe^ ©todfmcrf Sine SJreppe anberen*

l^at

bon eincnt ©efd^ofe nad^ bcm

fiil^rt

—

^erm

bent

um

td^ gel^e

©ircftor

^d^

bringcn? id^ t)erlaffe

ftel^c

biefcn S3rief fiir mici^

(Principal)

ju

auf,

meinen ^la^,

an ba6

Sef)rcrt3ult,

nef)me ben 53rief,

id) gel^e id^

fc^rtft^

mel^rere ^laffengimmcr*

2Ba^ milffen ©ic tun,

td&

unb

in ben plural bc6 3'tnperfe!tg (preterit)

Ii(^,

an

bie 2ilr,

Xuv,

offne bie

td^ fd^Iiege fie, id^ gel^e

burd^ ben

id^ gel^e bie id^

Sreppe

be6 oBeren glurS,

f)inunter,

tDenbe mid^ nad^ red^t6,

id^ bleibe t)or id^

®ang

htm ©ireftorjimmer

ftel^en,

Hopfe an*

@in.©d^uler h)irb S)ircltor:

herein!

(B^nUn

®uten Sag, §err

©ircltot:

a3Ba6 n)oIIen

Sc^iiler:

3d&

bitte

um

gum

©ircftor emannt:

J)ireftor!

©ie? 33ergeil^ung.

3d& bringe ^l^nen

biefen Srief t)on

2)trcItDr:

3n

tt)el(^er

ift

S^iiler:

Sr

ift

2)ircltot:

©riifeen

Piaffe

^err X.

in feinem 3ii^^^^*

©ie

il^n

Don mir!

jefet?

^erm 3£*

iibcr=^

beginners' GERMAN

64 ©d^iiter:

3?^ banfe

Slbicu,

fefir,

^err ©ircftor!

Describe similarly the pupil's return to class

with

final

and the

dialogue between the teacher

pupil,

NOTE Which case do the following

prepositions

always take:

gegen, urn?

Form

sentences for each preposition to illustrate

its use.

E.g.

3d^

{)olte

mein

33ud^

fiir

i^n;

h)ir f)oIten unfere 33uci)er fiir fie.

SBenn l^olt er

SBo

vi) tf)n fd^ide

(fcnbe),

um

mir mein

33u(^ ju bringen,

tnein 93u(^.

getemt?

f)aben tDir jpfien

Sottiugtercn ©ic munblic^ unb

fd^riftlid^:

ba^ SBort Qclemt,

id^ f)abe

bu

t)aft

ba^ SBort Qclemt,

er

(fie,

e^)

ttjir

td^ l^atte

bu er

):jai

ha^ SBort gelemt;

{)aben bie SBorter

ba^ SBort gelemt,

{)atteft (fie,

gelemt ufm»

ba^ 9Bort gelemt,

e^) f)atte ba^

SBort gelemt

ufto.

bann

beginners' GERMAN

65

5unfunb3tt)an3igfte 2tufgabe Uttferc

S^ulc

Unfere ©d^ule Itcgt an ber ^auptftrafee unb

ton High School.

©te

nannt*

^a^re

ftef)t

©d^iiler

nnb

ift

@te

im

©ie

ift

1895

^at}xt f)at

nad^

bie

^naben*

erbaut, fo bafe

24

®er

SSor ber ©d^ule

eine

ftc

alfo fd^on

sa^It ettca

8ef)rerinnen^ ift

Winter ber ©d^ule befinben

ober ©pielplci^e*

Washing16

1050

Sin U)v untcrrtd^ten aufeer bcni

©d^iilerinnen*

©ircftor nod^ 18 Sel^rer unb

9tafenpla^*

l^eifet

SSater unfere^ ?anbe^ he^

29 «Ia[[en unb

jefet

gegen 100 gufe lang*

bem

©d^ule

S)ie

ift

cin fd^oner grilner

fid^

©d^ull^ofe

glDei

bie 9K(ibd^en, ber anbere fiir

ift filr

Sinige 33aume unb ^flanjen, bie SBIumen tragen,

gieren ben ^of*

58efd^reiben

SBo

©ie

liegt 3f)re

2Sa^

ift

ber

S^ftc ©d^ule!

©(^ule?

5«ame unb ba^

ift

bie ©d^iiler=

aSie lang

ift

^lire ©d^ule?

SBa^

2Bo

befinbet

fid^

l^aben toiv

Unfere ©d&ule tote t)iele

ift

©d^ule?

bie 8e]^rerjaf)l?

©d^ule?

3^f)re

JBaum gelemt? ift

nid^t flein^

©ie

ift

nid^t fo gtof;

anbere ©d^ulen*

Unfere ©d^ule fie

urn

Sitter ^firer

unb

2Sie ftarf

aber

ift tdofjl

nid^t

Reiner al^ ntand^e ©d^ulen; bie

Heinfte

©d^ule in ber

©tabt

NOTE

How lish?

are the comparative

And how

Illustrate the

in

and superlative formed

German?

comparison by using in sentences:

in

Eng-

beginners' GERMAN

66 tDantt

reid^

Won

Mt

arm

liafelid^

fleifeig

lang

aufmcrffam

faul

furs

unaufmertfam

3.S. 3)ic Jafic

im 9Wai

toarm*

finb oft

Jagc im 3uni finb n^firmcr. ®ic lage im 3uli finb bic hjSrmften. J)ic

£)ber: 35ic

Same mar

fo teic^ gefkibct

3cnc S)ame mar

3ene Is there

Same mar am

any

tt)ie t)ielc

®amen»

rcic^er al^ biefe gefleibet^ rcic^ftcn gefleibet.

between the adjective and the ad-

difference

verb in the positive and comparative degrees?

What is When is

the difference in the superlative?

mic used, and where

is ali^

used?

E.g.

@r

i)l

fo groff hitc

(Sr

ift

grower

aU

id^;

id^»

abcr

Give further examples.

5ed?sunb3tt)an3tgfte 2lufgabe

SBer l^ungrig 233er burftig

cffen bie

©a^ bcr

ift,

alfo

©uppe mit

hunger

alfo

ift,

©urft

f)at,

^at, trinft.

ifet,

@^

f)ungert i^n»

(S^ bilrftet i^n.

2Bir

eitiem SoffeL

man mit bem 9Wcffer unb i^t e^ mit man au^ einer 3:affe, b. ^. man ®a^ SBaffer unb bte 2)?il($ trinfen mir

gleifc^ jerfc^neibet

©abeL

©en

^affee trinft

trinft eine Saffe ^affee.

au^ einem ®Iafe,

b,

f).

mir trinfen ein ®ta^ SBaffer ober

9WiId^.

beginners' GERMAN !Da6 2:i[d^

!5)tcnftTn(ibd&en

mit einem

Zi$i).

fommt au^ !Dann

Jifd^tud^*

^a^ bem

unb

bccft

ben

c^ bie 2:el{er auf

bm

bcr ^ild^c ftelft

man

@[fen bleibt

67

bci gcnxiltlid^er Untcrfial^

tung nod^ ettDa^ ft^en^

Ser ©eutfd^e fagt: ^^nngcr SBarum fagt er ba^? SBomit

ift

ber bcftc ^od^»"

e[[en tr)ir?

9Borau^ trtnfen mir? SBorauf

ftellt

ba^

mnWn bie Jelter?

©tellen ®ie gragen iiber bie ©egenftcinbe auf

mm

bem

©d^reiben ©ie baruber!

28a6

ift

ber Unterfd^ieb gtt)ifd^en einem

®Ia^ SBaffer

ift

ein

ein aSaffergla^

ift

ein

(gin

®Ia^

SBaf:=

nnb einem SBaffergla^?

fer

®M &M

$oU SBaffer, aber filr

SBaffer

(jum

SBaffertrinfen)^

2Ba^

ift

ber Unterfd^ieb jlDifd^en:

®Ia^ mil6^ nnb ^milc^gla^? Jaffe taffee unb ^affeetaffe? goffel

Soniugte* ten ©ie:

©uppe unb ©uppenloffel?

Id^ effe gleifd^

gem,

i)^ i^t gleifc^

gem

ufrt).

Substitute pronouns for nouns in the following sentences. E.g. 9Bir effen bie

©uppe mit einem

SBir effen

bamit*

fie

SOtan gerfd^neibet ba^ gleifd^

85ffel,

5D?effer, becomes what? becomes what? Jaffe, becomes:

mit bem

ba^ gleifd^ mit ber ®abel,

Wflan

ifet

^an

trinft ben Saffee

2)?an trinft

ii)n

au6 einer

barau^.

becomes:

beginners' GERMAN

68 2Ba«

toirb au^:

2Bir trinten ba6 SBaffer au6 cincm ©lafc?

SBir trinfen bie

2)?i(d&

au6 eitiem ®(afe?

mit

S)a^ ©ienftmab(i^en

becft

S)a^ S)tenftinab(i^cn

ftetlt bie 2^elter

@^

ober

ben

ftettt

fie

2:if(^

Xn6)?

eincrtt

auf ben Xi\i),

becomes:

barauf*

fie

NOTE Are the

indefinite

pronouns man,

eth)a^, nid^t^, ein

paar in-

declinable?

Of what gender are infinitives used as nouns? What is the agreement of personal pronouns person with nouns to which they refer?

When

in the third

are the so-called adverbial compounds used (ba +/

h)0+)?

Do Do

they refer to things or to persons? these

compound

expressions exist in English?

Illustrate.

Semen ®ie ^^, n)a^ gar tft au^menbig: ^^nf, m^ ttav ©prid^, toa^

SBa^

(gefod^t), ift,

tt)ai)v ift!

—

finb bie ©egenteile

Don gar, Har,

cSur 2Beif)na(^t^jeit unb befonber^

abenb

fingen

bie

9Wan

bie erfte ®trop{)e

fie^t e^ oft

©tine ^ac^t, Silted fd^Iaft,

tt)af)x?

2Bei{)nac^t^^

©eutfd^en ein fd^one^ ?ieb*

^d^ mxht Qi)mn nur geben.

am

aU

^eilige ?Ja($t!

einfam

9lur ba^ traute,

tt)aii)t

l^od^fieilige

^aar»

^olber ^nabe im lodfigen ^aar, ©d^Iaf in f)immlifd^er

babon

SSoIf^Iieb an:

dlui),

©d^Iaf in f)immlifd^er dtui)l

beginners' GERMAN

69

SBtr iDoHen ba^ Sieb au^tDenbig Icmen unb aud) ftngen!

tiberfe^en

©ie ba6

8ieb!

NOTE bcr ^nabe

bie

^Jad^t

Snabe

ftiltc

5>ta(^t

t)oIber

How

is

bic

9tul)e

{)imTnlifc^c

$Kut)e

an adjective declined when

ba^ §aar lodtQej^

§aar

takes the place of

it

the definite article?

What

are the various endings for the singular

Decline the above in

and plural?

full.

This adjective declension

is

called the strong declension.

Why?

5iebenunb3tDan3tgfte ^lufgabe 3c^

iDcrbe 3f)nen eine ©efd^ic^te erjaf)Ien

mit bem

Xittl:

jpta^rcgctt

^n S)er

^anm

burc^ bie genfter

tx)ie

fef)r

bunfeL

SBanb.

tDaren tdiv au^ ber ©d^ule, fo liefen tDvc anf bie ©trafee,

benn nnfer

fommt!" t(^

faf)

©tunbe

eine fd^tnarggrane

ber ©d^ulftube toav e^ in ber le^tett

^immel

l^ef)rer

f)atte

gefagt:

Stber ba mitten

jn)ei btcJe

„5D?a(^t,

tm ?anfen

tf)r

nnr

2lber ha^ tDaren

^lo^Iic^

eine 99?enge, alte grofe

nad^ ^anfe

ben Tlaxtt befam

9Jegentropfen gerabe auf bie 9^afe!

lant lac^en, fiel

bafe

iiber

3d^ mnfete

bie erften S^ropfen getDefen.

nnb

bidf

nnb Warm

iiber

meinen ^opf, meine §lmte, meine ^leiber* Stite Seute began^ nen jn laufen, unb id^ lief mit* ®er Stegen fam in ©tromen,

?

beginners' GERMAN

70 unb lid^

id^ fal^

fcincn ^lalj,

fatn ein

SBoIfen

l^ellcr,

l^ert)or,

tt)o id)

mid^ unterftelfen fonnte^

^16^-

gelber ©onncnftraf)! jtDifd^en ben [c^tDarjen

fd^aute liber bie naffe ®trafee

unb

—

lad^te bie

naffen ?eute au^» i«ac§3lfc grapan.

^taqtn e^ in bent ©d^uljinimer, ober

!J)unfeIte

n)ar

e^

l^ell?

SBie

\df)

©ingen

ber ^intmel

rannten

SBarunx

SBa^

au^?

^inber langfanx au^ ber ©d^ule, ober

bie

fie

auf bie ©trafee?

lief en fie?

fiir

3tegentropfen befant ber ©c^iiler anf bie

5«afe? Sffiar

ber $Regen fd^trad^ ober ftarf ?

S33o iDurbe ber ©driller

SBie ftarf

benn na^?

SBa^ fam aber auf einntal au^ htn SBoIfen? Unb ma^ gefd^al^ bann? SBar

bie ©trafee nafe ober trodfen?

SBieberl^oIen

©ie

bie ©efd^id^te miinblid^!

9Kad^en ©ie {e^t ^^vt Sild^er auf, unb lefen ©ie bie ©efd^id^te!

Piaffe:

SBir madden unfere SBild^er auf unb lefen bie ®e== fd^id^te.

©d^reiben ©ie nun

bie Srjal^Iung

an

SSerbeffem ©ie ba^ Slngefd^riebene! 3fe^t toerbe

id^

bie 2:afel!

(Slu^loifd^en!)

S'l^nen bie ganje ©efd^id^te biftieren!

NOTE Change the tenses throughout the story into the see any difference between the preterits?

Do you

present.

1

BEGINNERS' GERMAN c6

wax

cr

fal^

7

i^ tarn

ic^

licf

i^

gcifltc

and c^

er lemtc

fiattc

Do the latter have And the former? ^i) fa^ id^

is

a tense-ending?

said to be a ^/r(?wg verb,

lerntc is said to

Are

Why?

be a weak verb.

weak?

the so-called regular verbs

And

x^ lad^te?

the so-called irregular verbs strong?

Are the verbs that modify the stem-vowel a into into

and

in the second

i(tc)

weak verbs? Is there any

similarity

ix

and

c

third singular present, strong or

between English and German as to

the conjugation of verbs?

We id)

conjugate:

tvat in mcincr ©c^ule,

bu marft in bciner ©d^nle, f

njaren in unfcrcn ©c^ulen,

h^ir

mart

ii)x

in euren ©c^ulen,

©ic njaren in 3I)ren ©c^nlen,

cr njar in feincr ©d^ulc,

in if)rer ©c^ulc,

fie ttjar

toavcn in

ftc

if)ren

©d^ulcn*

I i

e^

mar

in feiner ©d^nlc,

Conjugate

all

preterit, orally

Do you the

see

the other strong verbs of the story in the

and in writing. any difference in the past

participle

between

weak and the strong verbs?

E.g. S)er ?cf)rcr

ba^ tDarcn

fiatte gcfagt;

bic erften

and

Jropfcn

Does the past participle with both augment?

gctDcfcn.

classes of verbs

prefix, called

What

is it?

Is it accented?

Is

it

a part of speech?

have a

beginners' GERMAN

72

Do

the pure, coordinating conjunctions: unb,

after,

fDnbern, obcr, benn

cause any change of word-order in a sentence?

Give

Do How?

illustrations, orally

and

in writing.

the other conjunctions affect the order of words?

E.g. SBir

liefen

toxx liefen

auf bte ©trafee, benn ber ?ef)rer l^atte e^ gefagt; but auf bie ©trage, totxl ber ?et)rer e^ gefagt ^atte*

2ld?tunb5rt)an3tgfte 2lufgabe

(Review) §eute

tDerbe id^ ^l^nen eine einfa($e ©efd^ic^te erjal^Ien, bie

ber ©id^ter ®oetf)e in etnem giebe beftngt: Sine Heine 9Jofe, etn 9J6^Ietn, ftanb auf ber §eibe.

fd^on tuie ber frifd^e $D^orgen,

©a^

(gin J?na&e

fal^

(£r tt)ar tuilb,

unb

lein bred^en*

3)ie Eletne 9?ofe aber tuefirte ftd^

3)od^ ber tDilbe

3)a6 ©ebid^t

fo lief er fd^nell,

^nabe

brad^

benn er

tuollte "ta^

unb

f)et6t ^etbcnroj^Ietn.

ftel^n,

9to^Iein auf ber ^eiben,

SBar

fo

jung unb morgenfd^on,

8ief er fd^nell, e6 nal^^ gu fel^n,

©al^'^ ntit

t)telen

greuben^

^o^Iein, 9Jo^Iein, $Ro^Iein rot,

SJo^kin auf ber ^eiben*

Sto^-

ftad^ il^n.

ha^ 9io^Iein tro^bent*

©al^ ein ^nab^ ein SJo^Iein

fo

ha% 9?o6lein.

S)te erfte ©tropl^e lautet folgenbermafeen:

!

unb

SJo^Iein tuar jung

Slrnie^

BEGINNERS GERMAN !Dic

^etbe

l^etfet

auf englifd^ the heath.

©agen @ie: ba^

9to^Iein

2Ba^ fonnen ©te

[tel^t

ftatt er fall

©al^ ber ^nabe ba^ SJo^c^en

SBar ha^

dtMdn

©e^en ©te tige

er Ucf fagen?

gem?

fd^on ober l^afelid^?

bie erfte ©tropfie biefe^ Siebe^ in rid^-

©ie nun

h)otten n^ir

3)ie sniiette ©troptie

2.

auf ber ^eiben?

unb

^rofa!

S3erfte]^en

S)ann

73

ift, lt)ie

^nabe

bie erfte ©tropl^e

fie

ganj?

fingen!

folgt:

fprad^: id) bred^e bid^,

9t6^Iein auf ber ^eiben! 9?o^Iein fprad^:

©a^ Unb

bu id^

id^ fted^e bid^,

etDig benfft

an mid^,

tDiir^ nid^t leiben^

ato^Iein,

dlMdn

dtMein,

rot,

Jto^lein auf ber §eiben.

Q:toxq i)d^t: auf

Seibcn

ift l^ier

immer*

ba^felbe h3ie laffen*

3fft bie^ "iProfa-SBortftellung:

bafe

bu

elDig benfft

an mid^?

®enft ber ^nabe baran,

bafe

ba^ 3io^Iein fterben

mufe? ^onjugieren ©ie: id^

bred^e ba^ 9to^Iein,

bu

brid^ft

er

(fie,

ha^ JKo^Iein,

e^) brid^t

ba^ JRo^Iein;

tDir bred^en bie JRo^Iein uftt)^

beginners' GERMAN

74 @6cnfo:

id^ ftcd^c

ben ^naitn.

SSerftc^en

®ann Unb nun fommt

bic jlDcitc ©tropl^c bc6

bie britte

Unb

3^

®ic

®cbi(|tc^r

fingen toir ben jtceiten 25er^ babon!

unb

ber tDiIbe

le^te ©tropl^e:

^nabe

bvai)

dtMdn auf ber ^eiben* dtMdn m^xtt ftd^ unb ftad^, ^^

§alf i^m

boii)

Inn

2Bef|

unb

2ld^,

SKufet^ e^ eben leiben^

dlMdn, dtMdn, dtMdn

rot,

8?6^lem auf ber ^dhtn.

aSa^

tat ber

Siefe ft(^

ba^

tnabe mit

dtMdn

^alf tf)m aber

fein

bent

ba^

dtMdn?

ruf)ig gef alien?

^lagen ettDa^?

Xat bem ^naben ba6 Sto^Iein nid^t leib? ®ie jefet bie le^te ©tropfie?

SSerftel^en

!Dann tDoHen aWorgen

n)ir fie aud^ fingen!

ntliffen

h)iffen,

©ie

bie erfte ©tropl^e

unb iibemiorgen

?ieb au6n)enbig h)iffen

nxiiffen

unb

au^menbig

©ie ba^ ganje

e^ aud^

an

bie

Jafel

unb

einer

fd^reiben fonnen!

©oetl^e, ber grofete S)id^ter !Deutfd&Ianb^

ber beften S)id^ter ber ganjen SBelt,

?ieb „^eibenro^Iein'' gebid^tet,

f)at

biefe^

®oetf)e tDurbe

im ^a^vt 1749 in granffurt am 9Wain geboren (gr lebte ift erft im Qai)xe 1832 geftorben*

unb

alfo t)on

1749

3^al^re alt»

bi^

1832 unb tDurbe beina^e 83

S'eber S)eutfd^e fennt ha^ „^eiben==

beginners' GERMAN

@^

ro^Iciti."

cinfad^

ift

75

unb

fcfir

Ici($t

ju

\)tx\ttt)tn.

S)cr grofec beutfc^c 3)id^tcr ©driller

ift setin

Satire

[pater al^ ©oetl^e geboren, tDdl^renb ber grofee

granjofe, 9^apoIeon fpciter

SBann

aU

I. (ber (grfte), stDanjig

3a{)re

®oetf)e jur SBelt fam»

ftnb baf)er ©driller

unb 9tapoIeon

I*

brei beriil^mten

9Wan^

ge^

boren? SJBer

i[t

ber

ciltefie

bon ben

nern? SBer

ber iiingfte?

ift

2Bar ©d^itter

aU

{linger ober alter

SBar 9^apoIeon

L

©oetl^e?

ebenfo alt tDie ©driller?

NOTE

Make

a

list

of all the strong verbs in this lesson.

neununb3ipan3tgfte 2lufgabe $eute

tDerbe id^ ^i^tien eine turje Slnefbote t)ortragen:

©bcltnann unb ©artner Sbelntann befud^te ^(il^renb grower ©ommerf)i^e feinen

(gin

©arten*

(gr ging

S3Iunten

unb ha^

flofe*

©a

fanb er

barin fpajieren unb

9Baffer, ba^ burd^ feinen ^arf, feinen 28alb,

hm

if)n

beiten;

lo^

unb

rief:

bu berbienft

©ctrtner, n)eld^er feinen

einem 93aume

h)artet l^atte, unter

auf

,,©d^urfe!

fd^Iafen,

S)u

©onne

„^(i) tDeife ba6,

mid^ in htn ©d^atten gelegt*"

§errn

nid^t er^

cS^rnig ging er

liegft f)ier, anftatt

nid^t, bafe bid^ bie

©artner anttDortete ru^ig: l^abe id^

befal^ bie t)ielen bliil^enben

befd^eint!"

gu ar5)er

mein ^err; be^l^alb

beginners' GERMAN

76

®te

SScrftcl^en

bte[e Slnefbote?

Q^ntn unbefannt?

SBeld^e SBorter finb

S)cutfd^Ianb

Seute don

unb

iBiirger

f)at

®eburt

l^ol^er

@bcKcutc»

©ic

f)ei6en (Sbelleute*

3^^

Slmerifa gibt e^ feine Sbelleute* 3*>nitg

(irgerlid^

iieifet

unb

ein ©egentetl

ift

bon

ruliig.

Unb

SBo

fiaben

lt)ir

2Bo

l^aben

mir f^tafcn gef)abt?

SBo

bie

JRui^ gelernt?

©ottue unb i^

njctft?

2Bo

tDo ru^tg?

SB lumen?

i^ragen

2Ber befud^tc einmal feinen ®arten,

b.

1^.

trer ging

einmal in feinen ©arten?

3Ba^

tat ber

SSann ging

gbelmann?

er in feinen

©arten?

SBol^in ging er iDcifirenb grower ©ommerl^ifee?

2Bie tdav ber ©arten?

SBa^

befal^ fid^ ber

©belmann?

SBen fanb er?

2Bo

tDar ber ©cirtner?

SBar

er auf einer SBiefe

SBarum

derliefe ber

(meadow)?

gbelmann ha^ §au^?

\

i

SBarurrt ber ©cirtner?

9Ber tdav ber §err?

j

SBeffen ©iener n^ar ber ©cirtner?

2Bem

gef)orte ber

2Ba6 fur

ein

^arf unb

©arten

SBie fprad^ ber

\ioav

atle^

barin?

e^?

Sbelmann

j

feinen

SBol^er toiffen ©ie, bafe ber

©artner an?

§err gornig n)ar?

SBeffen SlnttDort toav ruf)ig? SBieberl^oIen

©ie munblid^

bie

1

ganje ©efd^id^te!

t

|

beginners' GERMAN Sefen

©ie

77

je^t bte Slnefbote!

©d^reiben ©ie ba6 ©tiid an bie Xa^dl

SWorgcn tDerben

Make

tDir ein

©iftat bariiber l^abcn^

the following changes, both orally and

in writing: 1.

Change the

singulars into plurals.

2.

Substitute

other

prepositions

for

those

given. 3.

4. 5.

Change the tenses given into the present. Change the tenses given into the perfect. Change the tenses given into the pluperfect.

6. 7.

Change the tenses given into the future. Use subordinating conjunctions, thereby changing the order of words.

NOTE Declension of the interrogative pronoun.

How

Nominative

tticr

Genitii^e

toeffctt

Dative

hJCttl

Accusative

tnett

do you decline the

tott)^

— —

toa^

relative

pronoun

ber, bie,

ia^?

Observe: f

Sing. G.

m. Sin Sbelmann,

beffen ©cirtncr

fd^Iief,

gtng fpasiercn.

/.

Sine (Sbelfrau, beren ©artner

fd^Itef,

ging fpa^ieren.

n,

®TX graulein,

fd^Iief,

gtng fpagieren.

I

I

pj

.

beffen ©cirtner

G. Sbelleute, beren ©cirtner

D.

(SbeEeute, benen bie

The

relative

pronoun

fd^Iiefen,

©artner

is

gingen fpajieren.

folgten, iDurben

never omitte4 in

German,

gomig.

beginners' GERMAN

78

What

is

the difference in declension between bet,

as definite article

and as

bte,

ia^

pronoun?

relative (demonstrative)

Illustrate.

What

are the

two ways

of introducing subordinate clauses?

Illustrate. If

the conjunction

is

omitted, does the dependent order

remain the same?

What

case

is

used with the preposition toatitcnh?

WORD FORMATION 5D?an

9c{)t

@ang.

cincn

$01an ftngt einen

@^

How

flingt tin

—

9D?an tDtrft cincn SBurf.

—

9D?an trinft eittcn

Tlan

fprid^t einen

— —

.

Of what gender are they?

are these nouns formed?

Dret^tgfte 2lufgabe In giving the principal parts

we must know

the:

i.

(bie

©runbformen) of verbs, 2. Preterit, 3. Past

Present Infinitive,

Participle.

The weak 3.

(regular) verbs are thus given:

i.

lemen,

2.

lemte,

gelemt.

In giving the principal parts of strong verbs, we have to distinguish seven classes of verbs, grouped according to their

root-vowel change (called Ablaut).

Give the principal parts of

all

verbs in sentences in the

third singular present, preterit, (future, and) perfect.

E.g. er finbet ben ©drtner,

er Iduft in ben ©arten,

er fanb ben

®artner,

er lief in ben ®arten,

er iDirb ben

©artner finben,

er tDtrb in ben

er f)at htn

©artner gefunben;

er

ift

in ben

®arten laufen,

©arten gelaufen.

beginners' GERMAN

We

shall classify the strong verbs into

79

one of the following

seven classes: PRETERIT

CLASS INFINITIVE

PAST PARTICIPLE

i(ie)

i(ie)

i

a

u(o)

c

a

5

e

a

e

6

a

u

a

7

a (and other vowels^

ie (i)

a (and other vowels)

1

ci

2

tc

3

4

)

Examples taken from the preceding lessons 1.

fd^rcibcn,

fd^mciQcn, fd^cincn,

biciben, bcifeen, fitcifen,

pfcifcn,

2.

gcfd^ricben,

— — — — —

aebiffcn,

(gcr)fc^neibcn,

fc^nttt,

gefd^nittcn^

vo^,

gerod^en,

flicfeen,

—

.

fd^Iicgen,

— —

— — —

fang,

— — —

gcfunQcn,

bcQinncn^

begann,

bcgonncn.

fprcd^CTi,

fprad^,

gcfprod^n,

fingcn, (Dcr)fd^Iingcn,

finbcn, trinfcn,

4.

— — — m. — —

ried^en,

friercn,

3.

fd^rtcb,

:

ftcrbcn,

brcd^cn, l^clfen,

ftcd^cn,

— — — —

— — —

— — —

—

— beginners' GERMAN

8o neI)Tnen,

nai)m,

genontmen,

tDerben,

(marb)

getDorben.

tDurbe,

(And) 5.

ommen,

fam,

gefommen.

M,

gelefen,

a6,

gegeffen^

to9.

gelegen,

fifeen,

fafe,

gefeffen.

tragcn,

trug,

getragen.

fuf)r (fort),

(fort)gefaf)ren.

f

lefcn,

— —

gebcn. treten, effen,

(And) liegen,

6,

— —

tDafc^en, tDad^fen,

(fort)fa^ren, 7.

I^altcn,

f^tafen,

— —

W% —

gef)alten.

— —

fatten, (t)er)Iaffen,

"

— —

fangen,

ftng,

fieifeen,

f)ie6,

ge{)eifeen,

laufen,

lief,

gelaufen.

rufen,

rtef.

gerufen.

9ct)en,

fiing.

gegangen.

State with each verb where i.e.

— —

it

gefangen.

occurred for the

first

give the sentence, as far as possible.

(a)

Form

sentences of your

own with

the preterit

for the verbs fd)rcibcn to fd^nciben* (b)

Form

sentences with the perfect

for the verbs 6Ict6cn to bcgtnttcn* (c)

Form

sentences in the singular present

for the verbs of classes 4-7.

Give the synopsis of a verb in complete sentences.

time,

beginners' GERMAN

8l

E.g.

— — bu Future — Perfect — Pluperfect — Cond. — Present

id) fd^retbe

Preterit

meine Stufgabe*

f(^rteb[t beine Slufgabe.

er tnirb feine Slufgabe fc^reiben*

I)aben un[ere SlufQaben gefc^rieben^

tt)ir

i^r ()attet eure Slufgaben gefc^rieben*

Perf.

Use as the

fie

form the perfect conditional, and not the scarcely ever used in common speech. scheme, or any variation of it, orally or in last

future perfect, as

Apply

this

.

tDiirben if)re Slufgaben gefd^rieben l^aben.

it is

writing, to all the verbs, omitting

f^cittett, flicfecn, ftcrficn*

€tnunbbrei^tgfte 2lufgabe §eute totvhm

Xitd

flcnbcn

toiv eine

neue ©efd^id^te burd^nel^men, bic

^a^

foftfiarc

Stauttcin

Stod Sjyjcigbe, 3lnna unb 9Kartl^a, gingen nad) nnb iebe trug einen fc^tDcren itorb boll Obft anf 2lnna murrte unb feufjte beftcinbig, fd^erjte, tft

§lnna fagte:

,,SBie

W:axti)a \pxad): ,,®u

unb bu

fiaft rec^t,

fill^Ie id^ fie

bare^ ^rciutlein antn)ortete: ntad^t,

l^etfet

faum," fein,

„©a^

„^i"

®ag mir

unb

.$?orb

i[t

fo f(^tt)er iDte ber

^rautlein gur SSixrbe gelegt,

rief

Slnna, „ba^ mufe ein foft-

bod^, h)te e^

foftbare ^rciutletn,

— ©ebulb."

lac^te

Sein

bift nid^t ftcirfer al^ id)."

mein ^orb

beinige, aber id^ l^abe etn geiDiffe^

ber (Btaht, betn ^opfe>

Waxti)a aber

magft bu nur lad^en?

ia fo fd^mer tnie ber meinige,

balder

fol-

l^at:

^d^t"

ba^ aCe gaften

2)?erfe btr, Slnna,

unb

„?eid^ter tragi, toa^ er aud^ trcigt,

SBer ©ebulb sur iBiirbe

legt''

Wflavti)a letd^ter

benfe baran:

beginners' GERMAN

82

SScrftcficn

®ic

bicfc Slncfbotc?

SBa^ fonncn ®ie

ftatt ^totx StRagbe

fagcn?

2Ba^ fur ein torb ift citi Rovb SBa^ ift abcr cin Obftforb?

tjoll

Obft

griid^tc finb Spfcl,

ift

ba^felbc tok grilci^te.

^flaumcn ufm*

58irnen,

SBo

Obft?

tiabcn n)ir fjriic^te guerft gebabt?

@inb

rcifc

JBeftanbig

J^^^tc meiftcn^ immcr*

obcr fauer?

fiife

f)eifet

2Bic iiberfe^en ©ie

tiur, ja, boci^?

fjragen

2Bie

l^cifet

bie

neuc ©cfd^id^tc?

S)ic neuc ©efc^id^tc l^ei^t

2Ba^

ift

.

.

ber Xitel bcr neuen ©efd^id^te?

S[Bot)on f)oren n)ir in ber

neuen ©efd^ic^te?

SBeld^e neue ©efd^id^te lefen tDir jefet?

SBol^in finb bie TlaQht gegangen?

©ie

— ©tabt

finb in

SBie tdav ber ^orb,

SBaren

bie

^orbe

gegangen.

fc^tt)er

ober leid^t?

gleid^ fd^lrer,

ober

tt)av

ein

^orb

fc^tDerer?

SBar §lnna^ ^orb

fd^iDerer?

fid^

2lnna,

9Bie benal^m

fid^

SWartfia,

Smpfanb

ober

fiif)Ite

(Slnna;^

unb tda^

SBie benal^m

unb toa^

Slnna

=

ber §lnnaO

fagte fie?

bie

fagte fie?

©d^n)ere

Slirbe? SBie

l^eifet

ba^ foftbare ^rautlein?

Semen ®ie ben ©prud^ au^toenbig! 2Bieberf)oIen ©ie nun bie ganje ©efd^id^te! ©d^reiben ©ie biefelbe an bie Safel!

ber

:

beginners' GERMAN Give a synopsis

©el^en

an

really

is

of:

in bic

id^ gel^e f)eutc

©tabt

irregular strong verb, as are

tt)ar

fcin

83

8crt)efen

ftctfen

ftanb

gcftanben

iwx

tat

getatt

Give the principal parts of these four verbs in sentences.

Where

are adverbs of time placed?

Before

How are proper

other adverbial modifiers?

nouns declined?

What can you

say instead of bcr mctnigc and

bet bctntge?

Of what is 5ur a contraction? Give similar cases of contraction.

What

are the principal parts of

Note the

difference

between

l^ciftcn?

^ctften

and the

other verbs with root-vowel -ei-*

Change

all preterits

1. 2.

into

the present tense,

the pluperfect.

whole story by substituting synonyms for as many words and expres-

Rewrite

the

sions as possible.

NOTE Declension Plural

Singular

Nominative bic

ncuc ©efd^id^tc

bic

ncucn ©cfd^td^tcn

Accusative Genitive

ber ncuctt ©efd^id^te

bcr ncuctt ©cfd^id^tcn

Dative

ber ncuen ©cfd^id^tc

ben ncucn ©efd^id^tcn

beginners' GERMAN

84

Decline in the same

way

in sentences:

bic faule 5)Wa9b, biefe grofee

bie flelfeige 9J?agb,

®tabt,

jenc fleine

Why

®tabt,

melc^e fd^mcrc 8aft (33iirbc).

iebe fc^toere ?aft,

should this attributive declension be called weak?

What

is

the difference between

declension of adjectives?

Change

and the

it

so-called strong

Illustrate.

and

in the following, orally

in writing, the plurals

into singulars:

N, G.

Sie faulen SWagbc fttib gu §aufe. Sie 9^amen ber faulen SKcigbe ftnb 2lnna unb

D.

gr

^.

SBir I)aben geftern bic faulen 9}Jagbe in ber ©tabt

9)Jartf)a,

gibt ben faulen SJJagben fein @elb» gefef)en*

^tt)etunbbrei§igfte 2lufgabe

3um S3rot,

griiMtud befommt ba^

am

gefttag aud^

met unb Srot

Xdoiji

au^

bacft ber iBader

ber SKiiller au^ 2Beijen= er t)om 33auer»

®er

©etreibeforner

f)inetn,

ein febr fleine^

fleiner ^etnt,

S)er

5tu^

a«e^t maf)It

unb au^ S^oggenfornd^en; (Sin SBei^en^

®ing, nod&

btefe fauft

unb 9?oggenfornc^en

fleiner al^ ber 5RageI ant

ift t^etfee^ 9D?ef)I,

(S^

]^at

etne

bilnne,

unb in bem Wt\)l

ber nid^t grower

mit SSurjeIn unb

ber Sfire btlben

®em^

^uc^en,

®a^

ift

aU

S3Iattern, oben

ftd^ toieber Diele

trodene

liegt ein

iS^inb

ift

fleinen

gang

ein ©tedfnabelfopf,

^eim fd^Icift im ©etreibeforn tok ba6 fleine bem fleinen ^orn ertndc^ft aber ein §alm,

50Jann, unten

3n

2)?e^I.

33auer bebaut ha^ gelb unb fat bie fletnen

ginger eine^ fleinen ^inbe^» ©d^ate; innen

^inb ©emmel unb

beutfd^e

ein ©tilrf .Sluc^en.

tm

—

iBett,

fo l^od^ trie ein

mtt

etner Sl^re.

neue ©etreibeforner,

2lu^

beginners' GERMAN bem bielc

©acf

Sauer

einen ^ornd^en, ha^ bet

getDorben, Did Tnef)r al6 ein t)o{I

bringt er

im

in bie (grbe Icgt, ftnb ifirer

^inb ginger ^at au^,

griil^iafir

—

^erbfte toieber nad^ ^aufe,

bie SSogel, bie bie fleinen

im

fat ber S3auer

§enne,

®an^,

bie

85

Sinen

©tide dolt

t)iele

S)ic Siere,

j.

i8.

unb ba^ ^ferb, freffen Heinen Corner emal^ren

bie ^ul^

©etreibefomer gem*

S)ie

unb ^onige*

auc^ grofee Seute, felbft ^aifer

^a^ $. SSagner.

©ie nid^t?

SBeld^e SBorter tierftelien

^a§ SBa^ 2)ic

ba^

fjrittiftud ift ift

erfte (gffen frilf)

am 90^orgen.

ba^ 2)?ittage[fen? ba^ 3lbenbe[fen?

Semmel

ein 53rotd^en»

ift

2Ba^

ift

ein

S&vbU

c^en? 2)ie

SBurjetn eine^ iBaume^ finb in ber @rbe,

2)ie SJijgel fliegen in ber 8uft; bie

bem

auf

2Ba6

ifet

SBorau^ iffio^er

®an^

fd^n)immt

SBaffer*

ha^ beutfd^e ^inb iDirb

ba^

tctglid^e

gum

grilMtild?

33rot gemac^t?

fommt ba^ 9We^I?

grjci^Ien

©ie ha^ gange ©tild nod^ einmal!

gefen ©ie e^ nun!

©d^rei6en ©ie e^

Semen ®te

jie^t

an

bie SBanbtafel!

aui^ttienbig:

S)er

ganbmann

3)a^

^om

3um Unb ©er Unb

filr

mW ^nb

^orn

gebrad^t

barau^ gemad^t.

nimmt

ba^ 9Wel^I in^ iBrot barau^*

^inber

9tot

iSrot.

im Ofen

S3(idfer

bddft

mit

tctglid^

adulter iDirb ba^

feine^ SJJel^I

®ie abutter S)ie

pflangt

unfer

ftreid^t bie

^au^

S3utter brauf,

effen atte^ auf*

beginners' GERMAN

86

NOTE Declension Singular

Plural

Nominative Accusative

ba^ Heine tinb

bie

Meinen Sinber

Genitive

be^ fleinen ^inbe^

ber fleinen finber

Dative

bem

htn fleinen ilinbem

fleinen

^inb

Decline similarly in sentences: ba^ Qtofee 'tid^

^om,

biefe^ iDei^e 2)?ef)I,

fleine S3Iatt,

iene^ fd^marse

©ing,

iebe^ alte Jier,

meld^e^ iunge ^ferb»

SBa^ tut ber

mdtx?

2Ba6 tut ber

gWiiller?

Unb

©r ma^It

U^ mt%

2)er SWaler malt ba^ Silb.

ber arjaler?

9Ba6 tut ber iBauer? 9Bie nennt

9Ba^ tut

SBa^

man

feine

grau?

ein 8ef)rer ober eine ?e]^rerin?

ein ©d^reiber? ©id^ter? ©d^neiber? Jifd^Ier?

S)er aWann, ber ^ilte mad^t,

SBa^

fiir

ein

9Kann

ift

ift

ein

^utmad^er^

ein ©d^ufimad^er? ein Uf)r^

madder?

©in Ul^nnad^er mad^t Uf)ren in ber

U]&rmad^er==

njerfftatte.

2Bir nennen

bic

iJBerfftcitte

cine^

33fidfer^

eine

iBadferei, iffia^ ift eine Xifd^Ierei?

WORD FORMATION What

kind of nouns does the nominal suffix -er form, exOf what gender are these nouns?

pressing what?

beginners' GERMAN

What can you

87

say of the force of the noun-suffix

-itt

Of what gender are these nouns? How about the suffix -ci? Of what gender? Make a list of the feminine nouns with the suffixes:

(Plural -inncn)?

-ci, -i}dt, -tdt,

-in, -fd^aft, -ung, -ic, -if, -ion.

Of what origin are the last three? What neuter suffixes have we had? Give examples. How do you translate biefcr and jctict? Is there any difference in English between the use of latter and the former?

the

Dretunbbrei^tgfte 2lufgabe Sic bcutfi^c SaifcrfamiKc ^atfer 9BiIf)eIm

am 22.

9. 9Karj 9)?cirj

I. (ber grfte) tft fe^r alt

1888

ftarb, h)ar er fa[t

1797 gcborcn

91

?iac^

iDurbc.

§o]^enjoIIcrn=,Slaifer^ bcfticg bcr franfc

%U

^aifer

fiiefe

,,Unfern

%xx%"

Salter tat c^

faf)

1888

l^at

Sfirone gefefien.

am

STobc bc^ crftcn

^ronprinj ben Sl^ron. (Sr Xoox ber

9Wan nannte if)n iiberall nur bcm SBoIfc fo leib, ha'ii bem

bem

[tarb er

am

15. -^uni 1888.

alfo

— ^n bem^

ber erfte beutfd^e ^atfer geftorben Xoox,

S)entfd^Ianb aud^ ben jtDeiten ^aifer in^

3af)r

2H^ cr

ha cr

^aifer cine fo furje SJegiemng befc^ieben Xoax.

©d^on nac^ 99 Jagen felben S'afire, in

bcm

er griebric^ III. (ber S)ritte).

Siebling be^ beutfd^en S3oHe^.

gnjeiten beutfd^en

gclDorbcn.

^(i))xt alt,

brei

beutfd^e

@rab finfen. !Da^ bem beutfd^en

^aifer auf

S)er britte beutfd^e ^aifer

ift

SSil^clm II.

beginners' GERMAN

88 (gr

gr

unb

regiert feit bent 15.

ift

ber iefeige ^aifer

ift

ber ©of)n griebrtdf)^ III.

mmm^ L geboren. l^ol^en

tdfer

(be^g

3uni 1888.

©ritten) unb ber gnfel

SSilfielm II. Innrbe

am

27. .^anuar 1859

S)ie beutfc^e ^aiferin f)ei6t Slngufte SSiftoria.

J)ie

(gitem l^aben fieben ^inber, nantlid^ fec^^ ^rinjen unb S)er ditefte ^rtnj

eine ^rinjefftn.

aSil^elm.

@r

U)urbe

ift

ber ^ronprinj 5riebri(^

1882 geboren.

??tagett

SBie

ber erfte beutfci^e ^aifer,

f)ie^

unb

toic

alt

n)urbe er?

9Ber tarn nad) bent Sobe be^ erften beutfd^en ^ai= Xi)von?

fer^ auf ben

SBeffen Siebling inar griebrid^ III.?

9Bar benx

jlneiten beutfd^en ^aifer ein lange^

2thtn

befd^ieben?

^n

tneld^ent ^ai)vt fafien bie 3)eutf(^en aud^

gtneiten ^aifer in^

28ie

®rab

^aifer iDaren alfo

biele

btn

finfen?

im

^ai)ve

1888 auf

bent 2f)ron?

9Bie nannte ba^ SSoIf ben franfen ^^fiebrid^ III.? aSeld^en ^aifer f)aben bie ©eutfd^en jefet? SBie alt ift

er?

SBie biele ^inber

f)at

ba^ je^ige ^aiferpaar 0)abtn

bie ie^igen ^ol^engoltern) ?

SBieberl^oIen ©ie, tna^

©ie bon ben

beutfd^en ^ai^

fern gel^ort fiaben!

©eben @ie Sefen ©ie

bie

Seamen ber

nun ba^

erften ^aifer an!

?efeftiidf!

©d^reiben ©ie e^ je^t an bie Jafel ober id^ U)erbe

e^ 3^f)nen

langfam

biftieren.

t)ielnte]&r:

beginners' GERMAN

89

S)a^ befannte beutfd^e S^attonaltieb

ift:

^cil bir im ©icgerfrans! S)ic crftc

©trop^e badon

lautet:

im ©iegerfranj,

^eil bir

^errfd^er be^ SSaterlanb^! ^eit, ^aifer, bir! giif)I

©ie

J^rone^ ©lani

in be^

l^ol^c

iffionne ganj:

Siebling be^ S?oIf^ ju fein! §eit, ^aifer, bir!

©ie

iDcrben biefe erfte ©tropl^e au^tDcnbig lemcn!

^e^t

iDoIIen iDir

©ie fennen oj Thee

fie

bod^ bie

nnb

G(?rf

fingen!

Tldohk save the

Don: iify Country H is

King?

Sllte brei 5yiationalf)t)mnen 1;)Cihm biefelbe 9JJeIobie»

©ie

t)erftef)en

bod^ alle^?

2Ba^

fiir

ein

^ranj

2Ba^

filr

ein

8anb

Sin giebKng SBa^

ift

ift

i[t

ift

ber ©iegerfranj?

ha^ SSaterlanb?

einer, ber geliebt toirb.

ein 8ef)rling?

NOTE Declension Singular

Plural

Nom,

ber beutfc^e ^aifer

bie beutfd^en ^atfer

Gen,

be^ beutfd^en ^aifer^

ber beutfc^en ^aifer

Dat.

bem

btn beutfd^en ^aifern

Ace,

ben beutfd^en ^aifer

beutfd^en Saifer

bie beutfd^en ^aifer

Decline likewise, always in sentences, as oral and as written work:

beginners' GERMAN

90

bcr txante Sronpring,

The

bcrfelbc Scl^rer,

bicfcr grofec Sicbling,

bcrjicnigc ©driller,

icncr mad^tigc 2^^ron,

ber tneiniQC [®of)n].

when preceded by the what ending?

adjective,

cally always

What

case

is

has practi-

article,

excepted with masculine nouns?

With feminine and neuter nouns,

of

course,

what two

cases are excepted?

WORD FORMATION SBritberHd^

What

is

fieifet tDic

cin 93ruber ober gleid^ cinem S3rubcr.

the force of the adjective-suffix -lid^ in

elterlid^,

prinalid^, fd^mcfterlid^, mttttnlid^, n)ctblid^?

Dterunbbret^tgjlc ^lufgabe

^a^ @cit 1871,

fcit

S)cutf^c SRcid^

bem ^riegc mit

granfrcid^,

cin miid^tigc^, einige^ Scutfci^e^ dtdd). fcl^r grofe,

obmot)! grower

hod) bic SScrclnigten

aU

ift

ni(|t

(Snglanb obcr granfrcic^*

^e^

©taaten Don 9iorbamerifa

finb

14^ mal grower al^ ba^ J)eutf(^e dldi).

lanb

\)at

ungcfal^r

bie SScreinigten fecn ift

©cutfd^er ^aifcr. gctocil^It, b»

tt)'di)ltt

man

lid^,

68 9KiIUonen

©taatcn*

immer

1^,

cinen ncuen^

bcm Sobe ^ti}t

f)tntcr ftd^*

bc^ 9?ci(^c^ int SScrfc{)r mit obcrftc ^ricg^ficrr

unb

Slber ^tut^d)-

f foDiel tnic J)er iebe^maligc ^onig t)on ^reu^

griifier trurben bie

nad)

of)ne Slla^fa

(SintDoI)ncr, alfo

ift

S)cr l^cutigc ©cutfc^c ^aifer

©cutfd^cn 9tei(^e^

beftel^t n)iebcr

©cutfd^Ianb

bic

^aifcmiirbc aber

f)at bic 9)?a(^t

S)er ^aifer

bcm

©eutfc^en ^aifer

ctne^ !Dcutfd^en ^aifer^

Slu^Ianb.

S3cfc{)I^f)abcr bcr

ift

erb==

ctnc6 cinigen

bcr SScrtrctcr

@r

ift

auc^ bcr

Slrmce unb glottc.

1

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

9

Slber er l^at nid^t n)ie bcr ^riifibetit bcr SJercimgtcn

ha^

©taaten

Sied^t, ein SSeto einjulegen*

©a^

©eutfc^c

dtd^

au6 26 cinjclnen ©taaten;

beftet)t

t)tcr

baDon finb ^ontgreid^e, ncimlic^ ^reufeen, S3at)em, ©ac^fen

26 ©taaten fcnben 58 SScrtretcr, emannt tDcrben, tiad^ Berlin, ber J)ie 58 SSertreter ^auptftabt ^reufeen^ unb be^ dld6)t^. bilben jufammcn ben SBunbe^tat unter bent SSorfi^e be^ 5Keic^^== ge^terer tnirb t)om ^aifer ernannt* fanjler^^ ®ie S3urger int ganjen 3)eutf(^en 9tetd^ h)a]^Ien 397 Slbgeorbnete in hm SRcid^^tag, ber ebenfatt^ in ^Berlin gufammenf omntt* Sllte S3ur^ ger, bie iiber 25 ^ai)vc alt [inb, ertDaf)Ien biefe 9KitgIieber be^ unb SSlirttemberg, bie t)on

Steic^^tage^ auf

rat

S)iefc

ben Sanbe^fiirften

nnb ber

5 ^af)vt, in gelieimer SBaf)L

9ieic^^tag ntac^en ©efefee

be^ Seutfd^en 9ieid^e^ 3)ic grofeten

Berlin:

unb

S3at)ern), Seipjig

fen^),

am

ber (gibe,

in ©ad^fen,

^oln (Soln)

am

ftellen

ba^ 93ubget

feft.

tDid^tigften

Hamburg an

unb

S)er S3unbe^^

©tabte S)eutfd^Ianb^ finb nad^

Mm^en

©re^ben

(bie

(bie

^auptftabt t)on

^auptftabt (Ba^^

dl^dn, S3re^Iau an ber Ober, grantfurt

9Wain, ^annot)er, SSremen an ber SBefer* Slad^t. SB crn^Ioh).

fjtagctt

©eit tDeld^em ^al^re

beftefjt

ein neue^ S)eutfd^e^

dtd(i)?

9^ad& iDeld^em ^riege tdav

^aben ©ie

fd^on

tjon

ba^?

bem

beutfd^^frangofifd^en

^rieg gel^ort? SBie t)ielmal grower finb bie 93ereinigten ©taaten alg J)eutfd^Ianb?

9Bie

ift

SBie

fam man

bie beutfd^e ^aifertDurbe {efet? frill^er

ju einem ^aifer?

beginners' GERMAN

92

SBeld^c^ [inb bie JRcd^tc be^ ©eutfc^en ^atfer^?

2Bie

t)iele

©taaten

9tennen ©ie

gibt e^

tm ©eutfd^en

bie brei grofeten

8?eid&?

©taaten mit

ifiren

^auptftabten!

3eigen ©ie 2Bie

t)iele

©inb SBer

©tabte auf ber Cartel

biefe

55ertreter bilben ben iBunbe^rat?

ober ernannt?

fie gett)df)It i[t

ber S3orfi^er be^ iBunbe^rat^?

SBie biele 9KitgIieber be^ 9iei(^^tag6 gibt e^?

SBerben

biefe gett)af)lt?

<^ann ber ^aifer

®efe^e madden ober allein

attein

ha^ Subget aufftellen?

©tabte unb

SBeld^e n)eiteren

gliiffe S)eutfd^Ianb^

fennen ©ie?

3ft S)eutfd^Ianb

SSereinigten

iDie bie

©taaten ein

©taatenbnnb^ oberifte^ ein SSnnbe^ftaat?

^at

ber "iPrafibent ber SSereinigten

Ixdjt dtcd^tt

S3erglei($en

it)ie

©ie

©taaten

af)n^

ber 2)entfd^e ^aifer?

bie beiben

?dnber miteinanber!

©d^reiben ©ie einen 2luffa^ bariiber!

NOTE Declension

f atfcr

N.

ein ncuer

G.

cineg neuen £aifcr^

einer fc^recftid^cn 3cit

einc^ !Deutfd^en D^cicjeg

D.

einem neuen ^aifer

einer fd^rerflid^en 3cit

einent

A.

einen neuen ^aifer

eine fc^rerflid^e S^^t

ein !^eutf(§eg D^eic^

Why is this

cine fci^redlid^e 3eit

ein ^Deutfd^e^ 9?eic5

^eutf d^en

9leic5(e)

declension of adjectives called at times mixed?

Are attributive adjectives lative declined like

in the

comparative and super-

the adjectives in the positive degree?

Illustrate.

Is it not true that either the adjective or the preceding

element

(ber=^

and ein=words) must show the gender, nima-

beginners' GERMAN ber, so,

and case

does that

noun which

of the following

make

93 modifies?

it

If

clear the forms:

but

ber neuc,

ein neucr,

ba^ neuc, but

ein neuc;^?

Decline in sentences, orally and in writing: citi

unenblid^er ®treit, ein

bauember

Slnteil;

einc erblid^e ^aifcrmilrbe; tnein fd^one^ SSaterlanb*

When

are geographical adjectives capitalized?

^iinfunbbrct^tgfte 2lufgabe (Review) SBicberl^oIung ber gangen SlbieftiD^Seflination:

Singular N.

^tnb ^inb

ber ncuc ^aifcr

bic \^xtdix(i)t 3^it

bttjg

ein neucr ^aifer

eine fc^recflic^e 3cit

ein beutfc^e)^

be6 neuen ^aifcr^

ber fc^recfUc^en S^^t

be6 beutfd^en ^tnbeg

clneg Ttcucn ^aifer^

einer fc^recflid^en S^^^

etne§ beutfc^en

D,

bent ncucn ^aifcr

ber fd^redltd^en 3^it

cincnt neuen ^alfer

einer fc^redltdEien 3cit

A.

ben neuen ^aifer

bie fd^redlid^e S^^t

eincn neuen ^aif.er

einc f(^recflic$e 3^it

^inb einem beutfd^en ^inb ha^ beutfd^e tinb ein beutfd^e)^ ^tnb

G.

Plural Norn,

bk

^aifer

guten 3eiten

(feine)

^inber

Gen.

tatfer ber

guten 3eiten

(feiner)

^inber

DaL

^aifern ben

Quten 5etten

(feinen)

^inbern tatfer

Ace,

bic

Quten 3eiten

(feinc) I

^inbcr

beutfd^c

bent beutfd^en

^inbe^

beginners' GERMAN

94 ®ie ^

,

crftc

©tropl^e be^ beutfc^en 9iationaItiebc8:

am

®te SBa^t

,

3lfiem

lautct: (£^ brauft ein 9iuf tDic 2)onnerl^aIt,

2Bic ®d&n)ertgeflirr unb SBogenpraC:

3um

3tl^ein,

gum

jum

9tl^ein,

beutfd^en di^dnl

SBcr iDiH be^ ©trome^ filter fein? ?ieb SBaterlanb, magft rul^ig fein, Sieb SSaterlanb, magft ruf)ig fein: ftel^t

nnb treu

bie SBad^t, bie

SBad^t

geft fte^t

unb treu

bie SBad^t, bie

2Bac^t

geft

am am

9J^ein! 5i^ein!

Sim gufee ber SSorbertafel be6 9lationaIbenfmaI^ (^monument^) auf bem S^iebemalb bei 9Jllbe^= l^eim

am

9J^ein

ift

am

ba^ ?ieb „S)ie SBad^t

9Jl^ein" eingegraben*

©ie

SSerftel^en

@in ^rieger

SBorter?

alle

ein ©d^tDert

trcigt

an

feiner linfen

©eite.

®ie SBogen

bebeutet bie SBelten.

SBo

l^aben

©ie

beutfd^en ^rieger tDerben

rt)ir

bie

SBeHcn gelemt? ben

flir

ten; fie finb baf)er bie filter be^

SBo

l^aben iDir ru^ig gef)abt?

aSo

l^aben

SBa^

flir

rt)ir

treu gelemt?

§att (sound)

ein

2Ba^

fiir

ein ©eflirr

9Ba^

fiir

ein ^ralt

2Ba^

fiir

ein

Show

9tl^ein ftrei^

©trome^.

ganb

ift

ift

ba^ ©d^tDertgeflirr?

(rebound) ift

ber ©onnerJ^all?

ift

ber SBogenpratt?

ba^ SSaterlanb?

the onomatopoeia in this poem,

i.e.

the

formation of words to imitate the sound of the thing.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

95

Scfet ftngcn iDir ba^ 8icb!

gUr morgen

lerncn

©ic

c^ au^lDenbig!

NOTE Give a synopsis

of:

c6 brauft^unb e^ bonncrt id^ ftcl^c

Do

am

intransitive verbs of posture,

usually take the auxiliary

fef)r;

offcnen genfter.

feiti

i.e. fl^Ctt,

liegen^

ftel^etl,

or f)abtn?

Is verbal action or result of action expressed?

WORD FORMATION atul^ig

93Ber

ift,

ift

Collect

tDcr (bic) dtn\)t iiat

f)un0rtg, burftig, fictfeig, mttd^tig? all

the adjectives ending in ~tg, and show the force

of the suffix.

Give the adjectives in complete sentences. SBa6

man

2Ba^

ift

aSo

c[fcn fann,

trinfbar,

ift

cPat.

prbar, Ic^bar?

l^aben tDir ttmnbcrfiar gefiabt?

S^d^sunbbrei^tgfte ^lufgabe 5D r c « b c n, ben 12. 3)?ara 1912.

Sicbcr 55^^iinb! ©cinen fangen.

lange auf ?lad^rid^t iDortcn*

ajjat

am

28* gebruar bafiir*

p h)arten braud^ft,

^d^ freuc mtd^

fel^r,

©efd^tntftern befud^cn iDirft.

im

bom

au^fiil^riid^en 33rtef

^d) banfc S)ir bielmd^

fd^onftcn.

bafe

l^abc id^ cm})^

S)amtt S)u nid^t

tt)iU id)

Sir

fofort ant^

S)u un^ balb mit 3)eincn

S'n ©eutfd^Ianb

ift

e^ jebcnfate

S)al^cr ftngen tDtr 3)eutfd^c aud^ in ber

crften ©tropl^e bc^ Siebc^ „9Banberfd^aft":

beginners' GERMAN

96 ,,®er Tlai

S)a

ift

gefontmen,

bleibe, h)er Suft l^at,

93aume

bit

am

SBie bie SBoIfen bort tDanbern

©0 Slbcr

im 3uli nnb

tro^ Dieler

©inn

ber

p ^au6!

J^imtnlifc^en

S^%

in bie tDcite, tDcite 9BeIt,"

Slngnft l^aben h)ir aud^ fd^one^ SBetter

2Bir n)erben mit @uc^

3:age.

l^eifeen

in bie SBcilber h)erben.

au^ mir

ftel^t

f($Iagen au^,

mit ©orgen

unb S3erge nnterne^men.

SBann merbet ^^v benn

S^

t)iele i^i^fereifen

tDirb

[icfier foftlic^

eigentlid^ nac^

Snropa ab-

reifen?

9^un

lebe rec^t tDof)I

unb

balb ettoa^ t)on S)ir

laffe

mid^ ©einen lieben

S3itte, empfiel^I

(SItern*

^d)

]()oren»

tDilnfd^e

@ud^

©Ilid unb ©egen allermegen, ^ebergeit griebe, greub'^

9Kit l^erjlid^en ©riifeen, auc^ an Seine ©efd^tDifter, berbleibe

id^

3)ein treuer greunb

5ri
©ie atte^?

2lu^fuf)rlid^

9Ba^

©ie

l^eifet

bebeutet: bie finb jung

lang*

S3aume

unb ^abtn

fc^Iagen feine

au^?

©orgen*

©ie

finb

forgenfrei*

S)a^ l^immlifd^e

3n

3^W

ift

natilrlid^ ber

^immeL

tDeld^em ^onigreid^e liegt iibrigen^ SDre^ben?

^aben ©ie nun

alte6 t)erftanben?

fjragen

SBann ift e^ in ©eutfd^Ianb am fd^onften? SBarum? SBann finb bie f(^onften 2:age? SBie ift e^ oft im 3nli unb Sluguft? Semen ©ie bie erfte ©tropf)e be^ 8iebe^ SBanberfc^aft au^rt)enbig!

!

beginners' GERMAN

97

©tngcn ©ie: ®er 9Kai tft gefommen Semen ©ie auc^ ben ©pmd^, ben

ufn)»

man

gut gu

einem Selegramm bertDenben fann:

„&IM

nnb ©egen

SlIIertDegen,

S'ebergeit

griebe,

Sefen

®ie

biefen fd^onen

grenbV ©prnd^ Don ber

ober fangen ©ie mit irgenb einer

3^H^

9Kitte,

cin!

©d^reiben ©ie biefen nnb einen af)nli(^en S3rief

man mit

SBa^ tnt

einem

iBriefe,

nad^bem

man

il^n

gefd^rieben i}at?

Tlan bie

[tedft

S3rief

SBa^

ben 33rief in einen Umfd^Iag, fd^reibt

Slbreffe,

nnb

Hebt bie 2)?arfe anf,

irirft il^n in

ein taften

filr

ift

fc^Iiefet

btn

ben ndd^ften Ifaften*

ba^?

SBa^

ift

eine iBrief^

marfe? 3lbre[fe:

§erm

Dr. Hans Schulze, Hannover,

Georgstrasse 38.

Change

in the

fajniliar

above

letter the

pronouns of

address (which are capitalized in

letters) 1.

into the plural,

2.

into pronouns of conventional address.

3.

Change the masculine into the feminine in the salutation and in the close.

NOTE Which

What

case

is

used after banlen and

other verbs did

antttiortett?

we have where

the dative

single object?

What

is

the usual form of the prefix em)>-?

is

used as

beginners' GERMAN

98

Smpfangen, CTnpfef)(cn, empfinbcn are the only three verbs with the prefix emp-.

Where Does

The

is

it

the accent in unteme^men?

mean

here to undertake or to take (hold) under?

principal parts of fangen

and

etntifangen are:

fangcn

fing

gcfangcn

empfangen

cmpftng

ctnpfangcn

What

is

the difference?

Where does the accent Where is the accent in

Is

lie?

cmp- a part

of speech?

the verb aireifen?

Is the prefix ab- a part of speech?

Give a synopsis of E.g.

id)

bie Xiiv sumat^en*

nxad^e bic Jilr in,

bu mac^teft

bie Xixx

gu ufm^

from the verb in the simple tenses normal order? Where is the prefix with simple verb in dependent clauses? How is the past participle formed? (jugcmad^t.) What case do prepositions compounded with of take in Is the prefix separated

of

German? tro^ bc^

E.g.

{)eifeen

h)C0cn be^

2^a0e6, in spite of

ficifecn

.

.

.

Xa^t^, on account of

.

•

.

Stebenun&bret§igfte 2lufgabe 2)cr trcuc (Sin

^aufmann

l^attc

@in[t ritt ber

tdax.

®elb eingcnommen einem 9KanteIfad

§unb bie

unb

einen

biefer

lofe, fiel

ber

fel^r

^aufmann bon einem

tiatU, nad^ fiinter

ftd^

marfd^ierte neben tf)m

9iiemen

^unb

^unb,

^aufc,

n)ad^fam unb trcu

SWarfte, IDO er

@ein ®elb

auf ba^ ^ferb gefd^naltt* l^er,

9^ad^

ol^ne

ba^ e^ ber

in

S)er

unb nad^ aber iDurben

mit benen ber 9KanteIfadE angebunben

fierab,

t)iel

l^attc er

^aufmann

n)ar,

bemerfte.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN ®cr §unb ^aufmann

aber

argcr bellte, fd^Iug Slbcr ber treue

unb

c6 gefel^en

l^attc

il^n

§unb

unb

baran.

fel^rtc \id) nid^t

99 n)infcln» ©cr ^unb nun immer

an ju

ftng

ber

!S)a

§err cinigemal mit ber

fein

(Sr fprang

l^orte nid^t auf^

e^ nid^t meitergel^en foltte,

gerbife il^m faft bie giifee, bafe

unb ber ©d^aum

ftanb il^m t)or ber ©d^nauje*

^aufmann,

^unb

fein

unb

feiner ^iftole nieber

geritten h)ar,

fill^Ite

t)on

feinem ^unbe*

(gr iDebelte

unb

—

toll

gen)orben.

3lun

unb

erfd^raf,

unb

ritt er jurildf

(gnblid^

fam

i^n mit

aU

er feinen

fal^ iiberall S3Iut

er bal^in, n)o il^m ber

§unb

!Da lag fein treuer

mit bem ©d^tDanje,

9^un bad^te ber

(gr fd^ofe

211^ er noc^ eine ©tredfe

ritt iDeiter^

er l^inter [td^

SWantelfadE bermifete*

fadE entfallen toax.

fei

^eitfc^e*

an ba^ ^ferb

feinem §errn bie

ledfte

®elb^

neben bent (Bade.

^anb

ftarb^

55tagctt

S33a^

filr

§unb l^atte §unb Sreue?

einen

3eigte ber

(£r l^atte einen fel^r

SBo

l^atte

ber

ber

^aufmann?

— unb — §unb.

^aufmann

t)iel

@elb

eingenom-

m^n? SBar

er gu gufe ober ju

^ferbe?

S33ann ritt er nad^ ^aufe?

^aufmann

S33o l^atte ber

233a6 gefd^al^

fein

®elb?

mit ben 9?iemen,

bie

ben 9KanteIfadf

l^ielten?

SBemerfte ber

^aufmann

ben SSerluft?

SBufete er, ba^ er fein ®elb berloren l^atte?

©elang e6 bem ^unbe, feinen

$erm

aufmerffam

gu madden?

SBoburd^

tooltte jener biefen

aufmerffam madden?

!

BEGINNERS GERMAN

ICX)

^aufmann feincn trcucn §imb? §unb? ber §unb mit bem "ipferbe? SSarxinx? tat SBa^ SBar ber ^unb toH getDorben? 2Barf ber .^aufmann etnen ©tein nad^ bem ^unbe? 2Somit tDurbe ber §unb niebergefd^offen? SBann bermifete ber ^aufmann [em ®elb? SBomit

SBem

2Ba^

fc^Iug bcr

gef)orte ber treue

unb

tat er,

tDa^

faf)

9Bie fanb er f etnen treuen

3ft ein

§unb

er?

^nnb?

nic^t oft treuer

al6

mand^e Tltn^

f(^en? SBieberl^oIen

©ie

bie

gange ©efd^id^te!

?efen ©ie ba^ ©tiid ©d^reifien

©ie

bie furje (grjafilung nieber!

Change the text by using the perfect tense. Change subordinate clauses into coordinate ones, and vice versa. E.g.

Unb

biefer fiel l^erab, ol^ne bafe e^ ber

bemerfte ber

becomes:

^aufmann

^aufmann

fo bafe biefer l^erabfiel, aber

bemerfte e^ nid^t*

NOTE Does the German use the possessive adjective with nouns denoting parts of the body or of clothing?

Illustrate.

Where is the accent in marf^terte, ttiatfci^iert? Where in bemerfte, entfiel, erfd^raf, geprte, t>ermt||tc, serfiift? Do verbs with unaccented first syllable take the augment ge- in the past participle?

Are these

six

unaccented prefixes parts of speech bt-

ent-

er-

ge-

t)er-

set-?

•

beginners' GERMAN Give the principal parts of the above

What

-ibl

six -twie^c/cSfe'

(ltTl'>

the force of ent- and of 5cr-?

is

Illustrate.

principal parts of the following verb are:

cinne^men, naf)m er

'

compound verbs.

frcntibar)

The

'>'

'

nimtnt

citi,

er

ein,

cingenommen; or better:

naf)m

ein,

cr

mirb einnef)men, er

l^at

eitigc^

nomtnen*

Give in the same way, orally and in writing:

cr fid f)crab, cr tDirb f)crabfaHcn, cr

cr fallt ^erab,

auf^oren Jt)citcr9ef)cn

niebcrfd^icfecn

burd^rciten

Where

— — — — —

— — — — —

anbinben

ift

— —

f)crabgcfaHcn

—

— —

the accent in these verbs?

is

Are these prefixes parts of speech? What parts of speech? Are there in English also separable verbs? Illustrate. Where is the accent in itfierfe^en meaning to translate? Where is the accent in Utttctttcl^metl meaning to undertake?

Where

the accent in h)teberl^oIen meaning to repeat?

is

Are compound verbs in a

figurative sense treated like in-

compound verbs? Are compound verbs in a literal sense compound verbs, as they should be?

separable

Does not the same

treated like separable

difference exist in English with vari-

able prefixes?

Compare,

Illustrate Uttter,

um

e.g., to

undertake with

to

take under {down),

untcmcf)Tncn

(l^cr)untcmcf)mcn

untemat)m

nal^m (^cr)untcr

untemommcn

(f)er)untcrgcnommcn

in

unb

sentences the variable prefixes:

tutebcr*

\>\XX^,

ttfier,

beginners' GERMAN

UDQ

•../...

E.g.

In burd^Iaufcn, iibcrfcljcn, untemef)Tncn, umgcl^en, Observe the difference:

^aufmann tjerlor fein ®clb, o^nt Saufmann t)erIor fein ®clb, of)ne

!Dcr

c^ ^u h)iffcn;

bcr

bafe e^ ber

What

is

h)ieberI)oIen.

but

§unb

tDufete!

the reason for this?

Give similar

illustrations.

2ld?tunbbret§tgjtc 2lufgabe J)cr

@in $unb iiber einen

©tiid

l^atte eitt

©tiicf

Skif^ i^

gleifd^ gcftol^len

c^ ein anberer

@r

Sl^aule f)abe»

l^atte,

unb ba^ anbere, ba^

unb

lief

SBaffer

^unb

fei,

fal^

bamit er fein

ber aud^ ein

gebad^te e^ tl^m ju nef)men,

3)a

fo fd^nappte er gierig banad^^

ha^ er

JJIeifd^c

-Sn bem Har^n

fd^malen ©teg.

unb meinte, bag

53ilb

unb

^unb mit bcm

entfiel tl^m

ba^

i^ld\
er l^aben tDoIIte, n)ar aud^

tjerfd^lDunben,

^ernanb, ber ettDa^ (gin

©teg

ift

fttel^It, tft

ein S)ieb,

ein 28eg, ber oft ilber SBaffer fiil^rt

$unbe unb

alle

Siere

{)aben

ein

9KauI;

fie

freffen*

2Ba^

f)aben bie SKeufd^en?

2Ba^

ift

greffen fie?

gterig?

25erftef)en

©ie

ieijt bie einfad^e,

moralifd^e @rgal^==

lung?

Stagcn

2Ba6

ber

f)atte

§unb

geftol^Ien?

fl&a^ tat er barauf?

SBoriiber

lief

gleifc^e?

ber

^unb mit

bent

geftol^Ienen

beginners' GERMAN SBa«

aSo

crblidftc cr in

fat)

IO3

bcm Karen 9Baf[cr?

Silb?

cr fein

SBa^ glanbtc obcr mctntc er? 9Ba^ tDoHtc bcr §unb bcm anbem ^unbe ncl^men?

Unb

n)a^ tat er ba^cr?

$nnb

9Barf bcr

©tudf

fcin

glcifd^ tDcg, obcr entfici

i^m?

e^

Sddam

ba^

cr

§attc bcr

gtocite

§unb

©tiid glcifd^? ©tiid

fcin

i^ld\
tomn

cr nid^t fo gicrig gctrcfcn tdixvc?

Icmcn

S33a^

(Srgal^Icn

Unb

©ic

©ie

Scfen

an^

rt)ir

Hcincn ©cfd^id^tc?

bicfcr

bic Heine 2:icrfabel!

biefclbe!

tDiebcrl^oIen

®ie

biefclbe fd^riftlid^!

©d^reiben ®ic bic ®efd^i(^te nod^ cinmal

L 2.

@r

im ^Inral bc^ im *ipr(ifcn^»

^erfeft^,

gebad^te c6 il^m jn ncl^mcn,

cr bcfd^lofe,

ift

ba^fclbe

tt)ie:

ha^ er c^ if)m ncfimcn IdoHc.

NOTE Subjunctive

(^onjunftit))

PRESENT

PRETERIT ^

id^ f)abe

id^ \)'dtU

bu

bu

l^abeft

cr (fie, e^) f^abc tt)ir

l^atteft

cr (fie, c^)

{)aben

i\)x l^abet

if)r fiattct

f)aben

fie {)cttten

fie

What vowel

fiiitte

h)ir l^atten

figures in every ending of every subjunctive

form, with the exception of

id^ (er)

fei?

beginners' GERMAN

I04

Are the subjunctive forms, used

in the story,

employed

in

direct speech? If not,

change the indirect discourse into direct statements.

Is there a so-called sequence of

tenses, or

is

same

the

tense used in indirect discourse which was, or would be,

used in direct speech? Is the stem- vowel of the present subjunctive modified? How about the preterit subjunctive? Of all verbs?

Conjugate in

full,

changing the direct speech into

indirect

speech:

Set

Sefircr fagtc: (t(^ bin faul)

bu

bi[t

faul uflD*

E.g.

Dcr

Sel^rcr fagte, bafe td^ faul fei (mare) ober \6) fei faul, bafe

bu faul

fei(e)ft (tDarcft)

ufm.

Also change the direct question into indirect question: 2)?ein 93ater fragte mid^:

§aft bu beinc Slufgabe gemac^t? f)at cr feine

9Ketn 33ater fragte mid^, ob

x6)

Slufgabc gemad^t? uftn*

meine Slufgabe gemad^t

l^atte

betn 93ater fragte btd^, ob bu beine Slufgabe gentad^t f)abeft (f)atteft),

etc.

Generally in the subjunctive those forms are used that differ

from

the respective indicative forms.

What e.g. feien

is

the conventional form of the imperative in reality,

©ie aufmerffam?

Is there

any imperative

in the third person?

BEGINNERS GERMAN

IO5

Heununbbrd^tgftc 2lufgabe

^ma

Xtil einc^ Sricfei^ t)pn ©uctl^e an ©critter in

SBcimar, 5yjcld^fte

SBod^e

unb

3:age fo attein t)or

bci

mir mir

rul^ig

ber

^of

ben 4. September 1794.

nad^ (gtfenad^,

unabfictngig

[eiti, rt)ie id)

faf)en

©ie

unb bleiben?

t)ome]^men fonnen.

rid^ten^

greunbe, bie un^

unb

SBeife leben

®aburd^

unb

tDiirbe id^ in

meinen ©ammlungen ba^

14

tiid^t iDteber

iDlirben jebe Slrt

am

fid^ tiok

©ie

©tanb

ben

un^

tDllrben

©ie mid^ ju ^^xtv Slufnafime

33i^ ba{)in berfpare

jmifd^en

id^ fo

Slrbeit

follten ganj nad^

p ^aufe moglid^ft ein^ ^f)nen bon

gefe^t,

unb

SBid^tigfte gu s^io^tt,

tDiirben

fid^

Don

afinlic^ften gefinnt toavtn,

gaben

Mnfd^e

tDerbe

id^

fo balb

2Bir befpradfien un^ in bequemen

tDiirben nid^t of)ne 5yiu^en fd^eiben*

-3^rer 2trt

unb

SBoltten ©ie mi($ nid^t in btefer S^^i befuc^en^

fef)e*

tt)of)nen

©tunben,

unb

gel^t

anfniipfen^

mefirere

S3om 14. an

bereit finben.

mand^e^, ba^

id^

gu fagen

l^abe,

unb

inbeffen red^t iDol^I ju leben.

Seben ©ie red^t

unb grit^en ©ie

irol^I,

bie 3^t*igen.

3?ierjef)n 3:age finb jtrei SBod^en, aber ,,ad^t 3:age" ift

im ©eutfd^en

ba^felbe

tt)ie

eine SBod^e.

SBar==

-um? ©cfmnt

ift

iebod^ bie

©runbformen

SBa^

nid^t of)ne 5yiu^en

2Ba^

ol^ne 5Jlu^en

2Ba^

ift

t)on

ift, ift

finb

ift, ift

fd^rieb,

tdav

fmnen?

nlt^Iid^.

nu^to;^.

enblo^, finnlo^?

211^ ®oetf)e biefen S3rief biefer

2Ba^

ein SlbjeWit) t)on ber Sinn.

^rofeffor

an

an ©driller ber

Uniderfitat

^ena.

!

!

beginners' GERMAN

Io6

®octf)c tear in ber ^at)t,

am

^ofe be6 giirftcn

Mavl Sluguft in SBeimar* ^eigen ®ie ^'ena unb SBeimar auf ber Cartel

im

2Bic alt h)aren ®oetf)c nnb ©driller

^cil^re

1794?

SBe^iDcgen n)oHtc 14. bi^ 27*

SBo

©06%,

28a^

tDoItten fie

9Ba^

tDoIIte ©oetl^e

t)om

unb bleiben?

tun? feinem S^^^i^nbe geigen?

fd^rieb er nid^t met)v?

iJBiinfd^te

©oet^e,

SSieberl^oIen

?efen

il^n

©eptember befud^en folk?

folltc ©(filter iDol^ncn

SSarum

©driller

bafe

©ie

bafe ©driller

©ie ben gangen

iBrief

il^n!

3efet tDerbe

id^ il^n

3^tien biftieren!

©d^reiben ©ie einen

Rewrite the rid^ten

Wme?

cil^nlid^en iBrief

from SBoKten ®te to

letter

etn^

substituting tnurbcn for every sub-

junctive.

Rewrite the letter using the familiar form of address.

Rewrite the letter omitting

all

subjunctives.

NOTE What

is

the force of the subjunctives tOoUttn,

bcfprfid^eti,

faffcn, fotttcn?

Is the stem- vowel

(a,

o,

u)

of the preterit subjunctive

modified in the strong verbs?

How

about the weak verbs? do not the preterit forms of the indicative and

If not,

subjunctive of regular weak verbs coincide?

beginners' GERMAN

What What

is

107

the force of the subjunctive gefttmt

does the subjunctive

tDiinfd^te,

id)

tofirett?

er fame, ex-

bafe

press?

Does the Give

subjunctive state facts or ideas?

illustrations,

orally

and

in writing,

in

which the

subjunctive expresses:

an ideal condition,

1.

2. possibility, 3.

wish or exhortation,

4.

indirect statement or indirect question.

SBa^ Sd)

bu

tniirbcn

iDiirbeft fpaateren gef)en,

Conjugate SBenn

and

®ie tun, metin ®ie

f)cute frci I)atten?

iDiirbe fpajieren gef)cn, tDcnti id) fieutc frci f)attc;

n)cnn bu fieute frei

f)(itteft ufft).

this in full, then: au^gcf)cn;

id^ f)cute frei ficittc, tDiirbe id)

finally:

§attc

id) f)cutc frci, fo

miirbc

Take the same sentence jugate it in the compound

id)

au^gcf)cn.

in the three formations,

and con-

tenses.

E.g.

3d)

tDiirbe fpasteren

gegangen

fctn,

Z)ier3tgfte 2)ie

menn

id^ frei gel^abt fiatte

ufm»

2Iufgabe

Sd^ulen

Ste ©d^ulen

S)ie ©tabt l^at fie finb offentlid^e ©ebtiube. ^ugcnb bauen laffen. S)ie ©driller unb ©d^ulerinnen fonnen unb folten eth)a^ bartn lemen. Sllle ^inber ntllffen mit 6 ^al^ren in bie ©d^ule gel^en* ^ebe^ ^inb mufe bie ©d^ule 8

fiir bie

3?af)re befud^en.

nfm. unterrid^tet.

^ier

toixb e^

2lud^

tt)i(t

einem orbentlid^en 9Wenfd^en ju

im

bie

?efen, ©d^reiben, 9Jed^nen

©d^ule

ergtel^en.

f)elfen,

ba^ ^inb gu

beginners' GERMAN

Io8

^n Scben

^n 3febe6

ben SBoH^fd^uIen toirb ba^ h)tffcn

ben

toa^ ieber 9}Jenfd^

im

mufe*

l^ol^eren

^tnb mufe

anbere ©d^ule

©d^ulen

follen bte

^tnber nod^ mel^r lernen* feme

eine S3oIf^f(^uIe befud^en, iDenn e^ in (S^ gibt ami) ^ribatfd^nlen, bie

gel^t,

mag*

fnd^en barf ober

S)ie

®ie

ober bie Uniderfitdt*

©tnbenten,

Qtltf)vt,

f)6d^[te

©d^nle

ift

man

bie ^od^fd^nle

©driller ber Uniderfitaten

2lnf ber Uniderfitat

be^

fieifeen

ftnbieren bie inngen Sente,

^farrer ober Sel^rer tnerben tDotten.

toeld^e Siid^ter, Srjte,

??ragen

SBa^

©ebdube (§dnfer)

filr

giir toen l^at bie

©tabt

giir tren

©tabt

l^at bie

^inber in

9Wiiffen alle iEBie

iffiiffen

fie

©ie,

28o lemt

banen kffen?

fie

©d^ule gef)en?

bie

tt)o

in ber ©d^ule?

tt)a6 bie

man

tDeld^en

Unb

©d^nlen?

lange?

5G3a^ lernen

Qn

finb bie

gebant?

fie

©d^nle and^ nod^

©d^uten lemt

lemt

tDilt?

diel?

man am

man

mef)r?

meiften?

®ibt e^ and^ ^ridatfd^nlen?

©arf man biefe befnd^en? 2Ba^ fiir Sente ftnbieren anf ben Uniderfitaten? 9?ennen ©ie einige gro^e amerifanifc^e Uniderfi^ tdten!

^ennen ©ie

and^ bie

5^amen Don einigen ber 21

bentfd^en Uniderfitciten? !J)ie

l^ol^eren

©d^nlen trerben in 3lmerifa

high

schools genannt.

Q\t eine amerifanifc^e high school ba^felbe eine bentfd^e §od^f(i^nIe?

iffiamm nid^t?

iDie

beginners' GERMAN ©agen ©ic nun,

®ie

tt)a^

IO9

il6er bic

Sefen ©ic ben furjcn Sluffa^

©d^ulen

bariibcr in

tniffcn!

Q^vtm

Suc^e! ©d^reiben ©le einige

bariibcr,

ettt)a6

high

SSoIf^fd^uIen,

t)crfitaten»

—

33ef(^reiben

unb ncnnen ©ic unb Uni^

schools

©ie and)

Sage bcr^

bic

fclbcn!

NOTE What

is

the difference between

ItJtffcn, fcnnctt,

and

{i)nnen?

E.g. SBiffen ©ie, tda^

©ie in

ber ©d^ule tun ntiiffen?

.Sennen ©ie

alle

?e^rer unb ^el^rerinnen 3f)rer ©d^ule?

^onnen ©ie

fd^on ein tDenig 35eutfd^ fpred^en?

illustrations of

Give three

your own.

MODAL AUXILIARIES onnen

bttrfen

foHen

nogen

ntiiffen

tDoHen

PRESENT INDICATIVE

mag

—

i^ barf

id^

bu fannft fann

er ntag

er barf

er

x(i)

cr

tanh

h)ir f onnen \\)x

fount

fie f

onnen

i^

—

ntufe

—

mug

id)

foH

— —

— —

follen

— —

mill

—

er mill

er foil

mir mogen mir biirfen mir miiffen mir

— —

id^

—

mir toollen

— —

How is the singular present of modal auxiliaries formed? Like which tense of the strong verbs? Can you conjugate the modal German?

auxiliaries in

Could they be called defective in English ?

English?

In

no

BEGINNERS GERMAN

What

are the English equivalents for:

fonncn

(id^)

TttoQcn

fonntc

gefonnt

mod^tc

gctnod^t

biirfcn

burfte

gcburft

miiffcn

nxufetc

gemufet

follcn

folltc

gefoKt

tDoHcn

tooUte

getDoKt

an Umlaut in the preterit and past participle? about the preterit subjunctive? What do the following expressions mean in English?

Is there

How

!

Qii)

farm nic^t6

2,

SDu

tnoc^teft e^

3, S)arf

4,

id)

gr mufe

bafiir* tt)oI)I

tDiffen?

®te barum bitten? f)eutc fort nad^ S)cutf(^Ianb,

5..aBa^folIba^? 6.

®ic

7.

SBa^

8.

@^

9. (Sr

foil fel)r reid^ gctDcfen fcin.

toollen

fci

bem,

®ic bamit fagen? tDtc i{)m njolle,

toeife nid^t,

toa^ er milL

SBo f)aben toir n)a^ fott e^ unb cr njcift ntd^t, toa;^ er tvxU gctiabt? Rewrite the piece by changing every singular into the plural

and vice

versa.

€inunbt>ter3tgftc 2tufgabe

mt tnit SBcirc S^

ging auf ben 5l6enb

p»

S)a tarn etn frember SWann auf

ber Sanbftrafee ]^ergefaf)ren, ber mufete grofee @ile l^aben, benn cr f)ieb auf feine ^ferbe,

mod^ten,

Unb bem

h)ar fteinig einf)oIte,

ha^

fie

laufen mufeten, mel^r a\^

fte

SBagen tat'^ and) nid^t gut; benn ber 9Beg

unb uneben*

211^ aber ber

ber gu gufe einf)erging,

„®uter greunb, fann

id^ tool)!

l^ielt

9Kann er

einen SBanberer

tiwa^ an unb

nod^ in bie ©tabt

fommen,

rief:

e^e

?

beginners' GERMAN

—

III

SBanbcr^mann \af) bic fcud^enben ^ferbe an unb ben SBagcn unb ben SSeg unb fagtc: „3ti/ ^^nn 3^^ ^iH <Jud^ tiod^ bal^in.'' S)a bad^te 3^f)r langfamer fal&rct 9lad^t

e6

tdixb?'

ber anbere: „J)a^

ift

J)er

ein red^ter ?larr!

unb ranntc mit feinem SSagen

^'e fd&neller, befto ef)er!"

rt)eiter

211^ aber biefer fctnc^ ©d^rttte^ eine

unb

e^ fc^on jicmlid^ bunfel tDar,

lam

S)ie ^utfd^e

liegen.

baneben ftanb unb auf

SBagen

fd^intpfte,

[eine

am

er eine ^utfdje

fal^

tl^m befannt t)or,

armen ^ferbe unb auf ben

fd^Ied^ten

„®uter greunb/'

gefagt, ^'f)v f)attet

tt)oi)l

SBege

unb ben 9Wann, ber

erfannte er aud^ tDieber.

fprad^ er, „td^ l^ab'^ (Sud^ fal^ren fotten^

bcm i^^feganger t)orau6» ©tunbc todttv gcgangen

^l^r burftet nid^t fo fd^nett fafiren^

6ud^ nun einen SBagen f)erau^fenben, tDenn

id^

langfamer

^d^ mufe

in bie

®tabt

fomme/'

am

211^ ber Si^fegcinger

folgenben 9Korgen

er gefd^Iafen l^atte, auftDad^te

im

unb gum genfter

langfam unb lal^m ein SBagen

baf)ev.

ber^mann, unb e^ taten il^m nur

bie

®a[tf)aufe, too

J^inau^fal^,

^ferbe

leib, bie iiber 9lad^t

nid^t^ gefreffen l^atten.

SBieilberfefeen

^emanb,

ber

©ie

,,@ile

mit

SBeile'^?

(gile '()at, ift eilig*

@in 3Beg, ber ©teine

l^at, ift

—

SBie iiberfe^en ®ie: e^ tut mir auc^ nid^t leib?

SBa6 tut

SBo

ein SSanberer?

l^aben tDir ttjanbem gelernt?

2Ba^

©inb

fiir

bet

ein

9Kann

ift

SBagen unb

ein i5^feganger? bie Sutfc^e ba^felbe?

SBa^ tufeinSBagner?

SSo

fam

J)en fannte ber SBan=

l&aben n)ir t§ bunfelt gel^abt?

beginners' GERMAN

112

9Bar e^ fd^on Slbenb ober iDurbc e^

crft

Slbenb?

SBer fam auf ber ganbftrafee gefal^ren?

SBa^

fteinlo^

9Ben

traf ber frembe

SBar

btefer

aBa^

unb eben?

Tlann?

ju ^ferbe?

2Banntt)oIIte ber

SBoIIte ber

SBanim?

9Kann?

tat ber

2Bar ber 2Beg

5D?annmba^ nad^fteSorf fommen?

SBanber^mann

aud^ nod^ bai)in?

fagte er?

SBte lautete bte SlnttDort be^ ^^l^rmann^? aSartete ber

9Kann auf ben SBanberer?

gul^r iener balb ab?

©unfelte e^

im SBege ^annte

fdEion,

al^ ber SSanberer eine .Sutfd^e

liegen faf)?

SBagen unb ben 9Kann?

er ben

SSa^

tat biefer?

2Bar

er gornig?

93Barum?

2Ben mu^te ber SSanberer gum gnl^rmann fenben?

SBann unb

SBarum

iDie

taten

tarn ber

bem

SSagen

an?

enblid^

gufegcinger bie ^ferbe leib?

-3ft e^ ber 9Wiif)e iDert, fid^

gu

fel^r

gu beeilen?

8of)nt e^ ftc^? (Srjdl^Ien

Sefen

©ie

©ie

bie

gange ©efd^td^te!

biefelbe laut bor!

©d^reiben ©ie {e^t eine Slrbeit bariiber! ©rjctl^Ien

bann

©ie

bie ©efd^ic^te guerft al^

al^ SBanberer!

NOTE

How How

is

the present participle formed?

is it

declined?

gi^finnann,

beginners' GERMAN

II3

Illustrate.

Observe:

bu

td^ tDcife,

tdci^t, er tDcife, h3ir tDtffen, etc.

n)tffen, tDufete, getDufet.

Give the principal parts of ttliffctt in sentences. any similarity between the conjugation of and some other verbs? Is there any' difference between: Is there

®ie ^in, and fommen ®ie ^cr? What

id^ toctfe

ge{)en

How mctttt,

do you distinguish between the conjunctions

aU?

motion always expressed

of

verbs?

Why

taatttt^

Illustrate.

Are verbs iliary

is it?

after

modal aux-

Illustrate.

are

fennen

brennen

fetiben

brinGcn, brad^te, gebrad^t

ncnncn

rennen

tt^enben

benfen, bad^te, gebad^t

irregular

Why

weak verbs?

are

sometimes

they

called

mixed verbs? Give their principal parts in sentences. Note the difference between: :

e^ gcfoUt,

e^ tun fallen.

Illustrate the use of the iliary

verbs of

and

td^ {)(ittc id^ f)(ittc

mood by

Give the synopsis of

two past

participles of all aux-

original sentences.

all

modal auxiliaries as follows:

id^

barf nteinen J^reunb befud^en,

bu

burfteft bcinen

cr tDtrb feinen

tDir I)aben unferc tf)r l^attct

fie

tDiirben

greunb

befud^en,

greunb be[ud^en

biirfen,

greunbe befud^en

biirfen,

cure greunbe befud^en biirfcn, if)rc

greunbe

l^afien befud^en biirfcn*

BEGINNERS GERMAN

114

Change the

direct questions or statements in this story

into indirect ones.

Rewrite the whole story by changing the preterit: 1.

into the perfect tense,

2.

into the present.

^tDCtun&r>ier3igfte 2lufgabe 2)rci ?f tcunbc

@in 5D?ann

l^attc brei

ber brittc tDar if)m

mit

if)m mcintc,

greunbe;

jlDci t)on tl^ncn licbtc er fel^r;

glctci^giiltig, obtdoi)! bicfer

Sitter

Sage^ touxht

bin

„rt)itl

mit mir

gel^en

,,SBcr unter euc^/'

ba^ er tDcgen anberer

bigte fid^ foglcid^, gel^en fonne*

ba

l^atte,

ging

feiner

S)er gtDeite begleitete

um

fel^rte er

ynvM.

SJid^ter

mic^ geugen?

fiir

if)n

unb ging au^

rebete fiir tl^n

Unfd^ulb,

ic^

if)m

bi^ gur Jiir be^ 9ti(^t^

i^urc^t t)or

am

nnb

bem jormgen

tcenigften gebaut

geugte fo frenbig

9Kann bom

ber

bafe

mit

©efd^cifte ntd^t

J)er britte, auf ben er

l^inein,

©enn

3)er erfte feiner grcunbe entf($iil=

l^art t)erflagt h)orbcn,"

l^aufe^;

unb

el^rlid^ften

cr t)or ©crid^t geforbert,

n)o cr unfd^ulbig, aber ^art bcrflagt n)ar»

fprad^ er,

am

e^

Don

freigefproc^en

9ti(^ter

tourbe,

greunbe

S)rei fie

fic^

in ber

l^at

be6 Zobe^, ft)enn

il^n

®ott

forbert?

J)a6 ®elb, fein befter grennb, berlafet

gel^t nid^t

mit

il^n

(Seine 25ern)anbten

il^m^

bi^ jur Jiir be^

iDol^ltdtigen SBerfe.

be^ SJid^ter^; Sarm{)erjigfeit

fie

®rabe6 unb

im ^tbtn

3)er britte, ben er

SBie betragen

ber 2)?enf(^ in biefer SBelt,

©tunbe

®ie

gefien

oft

unb greunbe

fel^ren tDieber in tl^re

am

©erid^t

unb

begleiten

^dufer.

meiften t)erga6, ftnb feine

allein begleiten il^n bi^

boran,

t)or

tl^n guerft

fpred^en

fiir

il^n

gum

2^f)rone

unb finben

unb @nabc» 3.®. Berber.

•

beginners' GERMAN 9Ba^ tut cm Scugctt

9?id^ter ttn ©cric^t?

ber ©d^ulb

@tncr, ber feinc iffia^

S3

ein

filr

(gr

ftd^,

(gr bittet

ift

ein gomiger

l^at, ift

—

.

SBer feine greube

l^at, ift

9Bie biele greunbe ^atte ein

@r

alte gleid^

Ober

ben britten

SBie ftanb er

gum

aSer toav ber

e^rlid^fte

tDurbe ber

fid^*

gem?

i)on ifinen liefter al^

9Bann

—

9Wann?

§atte er gmei l^atte er

—

9Kann? 3ut:nt

—

233a^ tut ein freubiger 9Kenfd^?

§atte er

um

—

9Wauu

er?

SBer i^vtuht

— —

i[t

©d^ulbiger?

bittet eiu

um

ober

fd^ulbig.

l^at, ift

©c^ulb ^at,

tut ein ©d^ulbiger?

9Borum SBa^

ober gegen icntanbcn fprcd^cn^

fieifet fiir

^emanb,

II5

am

ben britten?

Ite6ften?

britten?

unter feinen greunben?

Warm

t)or

©erid^t gerufen?

2Be6^aIb?

SBorum aSomit

bat er feine greunbe? entfd^ulbigte

fid^

ber erfte

greunb?

SBie todt ging ber gtreite mit?

SBe^lDegen h)anbte er fid^?

aBa^

tat ber britte

giiltigften

greunb, ber ilim

am

toax?

SBer fprad^ ben 9Kann frei? SSon tDem touxht er freigefprod^en? SBer finb

bie brei gt^eunbe, bie

tt)iv

l^aben?

gleid

!

BEGINNERS GERMAN

Il6

SBic bef)anbelt bcr

erfte

greunb hen

93?enf(i^en in

ber S^obe^ftunbe?

®ef)en bie jtDciten greunbe bi6 gur ©rabe^tiir

SBie

sum

J^olgt tl^m biefer bi^

SBa^

crtDtrft er fiir

®ie

©rjal^Ien

Sefen

©ie ba^

mit?

greunb be^ SWenfc^en?

ber britte

f)cifet

Siic^tertl^ron?

ben SWenfc^en?

bie ganje gabel!

©tiidf

©d^reiben ©ie e^!

NOTE Supply the missing relative pronoun in: greunbe if)n liebten, tDurbe eine^ Sage^ t)er!Iagt. @in SJJann, What is the difference in the use of cases between:

—

Xaqt§ and jcbcn Xaq?

eine^

PASSIVE

— mxbt — bu Future — Perfect — mir Pluperfect — Cond. — Present

id)

Preterit

feinetiDegen t^erflagt.

tDurbeft feinettnegen Derflagt*

er h)irb feinettDegen berflagt toerben.

finb feinettDegen berflagt tporben.

toavt feinetlDegen t)erflagt iDorben,

xi)x

Perf.

What

fte

is

tDiirben feinetmegen t)erflagt tt)orben fein.

the auxiliary in the formation of the true passive

voice of action? Is there a so-called passive of description or* condition,

where the past participle has adjective force? E.g. er tDurbe t)erflagt

er h)ar t)erflagt

=

=

he was being accused, but he was accused (an accused person, he

had been accused).

beginners' GERMAN

II7

Distinguish similarly between:

©ic

merben

S^ilren

gefd^Ioffen (geoffnct),

and

bie 2:ilren finb gefd^Ioffen (geoffnet).

How

the English ^^by" in connection with the passive

is

rendered in German?

Change

Illustrate.

in the last paragraph, as far as possible, the active

and in writing. Change the direct speech of the man into indirect discourse, and the indirect speech of the first friend into direct

into the passive, both orally

speech.

Dretunbpterjigfte 2lufgabe

©te

l^ol^eren

^nabenfc^ulen be^ ©eutfd^en dtd6)t^ gcrfatten

in ®t}mnaften, Ofealgijtnnaften

unb Oberreatfd^ulen.

Slnftaltcn tiaben einen neunial^rigen

^urfu^.

Wt

btefe

S)ie ©d^iiler ber

erften Slnftalt l^etfeen ©ijmnaftaften, bie ber stDeiten: dttalQt^m^

naftaften,

unb

bie

ber britten Slnftalt: Oberrealfd^iiler*

^laffen in alien brei ©d^ulen

Outnta,

Ouarta,

l^etfeen

Untertertia,

t)on

Obertertia,

Oberfefunba, Unterprima unb Oberprtma.

S)te

unten auf: ©eyta, Unterfefunba,

9^ad^ beftanbener

Unterfefunba ober nac^ [ec^^ ^ai)vtn erl^alten bie iungen Seute

ba^ (gtniaf)rig=greitr)tlltge^3eugnt^

jum

9JftIitarbien[t.

9^a(§

beftanbenem enbglilttgen (gfamen iDirb ber Oberprimaner 2lbi^ turient

unb mufe gu

alien

beutfc^en Unttjerfttciten

^n

3ugelaf[en t^erben*

Seutf(^,

arjatf)emattf,

b.

i).

bm

10

an

alien

21

ted^ntfd^en ^od^fd^ulen

alien I)oI)eren Seliranftalten ti3erben

9^aturtDtffenf(^aften,

funbe, ^Religion, 3^t(finen,

anberen Sel^rfad^er,

Umberfitcit^ftubien

unb an

bie

®ef(^t(i^te,

©ingen unb Jurnen

gelel^rt*

fremben ©prad^en, finb

@rb:=

©ie

fo tjerteilt,

beginners' GERMAN

Il8

ba^ ?atcin, ©rted^tfd^ unb grangoftfd^ auf ben ©^mnaften trieben

tDcrben,

auf

ben

3JeaIgt)mnaften

ht^

unb neuere

gatein

©prad^en, nctmlid^ granaoftfd^ unb ©nglifd^, unb auf ben Cber= realfd^ulen

nur

bie

neueren ©prad^en*

©ie

gintritt gelnofinltd^ neun bi^ jefin ^'afire alt

®(f)uler finb beim

unb

f)aben brei bi^

bier ^al^re^furfe ber 33oIf6fd^uIe, ober eine S3orfd^uIe t)on brei= ial^riger

—

Saner,

3)ie gerien

bauem

Jage

fed^^

gemoJ^nlid^

bie elf

SBod^e,

— burd^gemad^t

SBod^en, b. ^. Oftern jmei

SBod^en, ^fingften eine SBod^e, grofee ©omnterferien bier bi^

Wi^adi^

fiinf ilBod^en,

jtDei

SBod^en*

eine bi^ jtnei SBod^en

SBeil^nad^ten

Junior eine^ amerifanifd^en col-

anftalt biirfte fo gut n)ie ein

lege borgebilbet

fein*

®ie 9Kabd^en befud^en d^enfd^ulen.

unb

S)er Slbiturient einer l^ol^eren beutfd^en Sef)r*

gelnol^nlid^

fogenannte $o{)ere 9)?ab^

^eijt gibt e^ aud^ einige 2Wabd)engl}mnafien, n)el(^e

ben ©d^iilerinnen biefelben S3ered^tigungen erteilen

tt)ie

bie ent^

fpred^enben f)6l^eren ^nabenfd^ulen*

Stagcn 2Bie biele Slrten t)on

l^ol^eren

beutfd^en

^naben^

fd^ulen gibt e^?

SBie

biefelben

fieifeen

man

unb beren ©driller?

bie ©driller ber berfd^iebenen

neun

©ie iungen ©eutfd^en miiffen 2 ober 3 Qai)vt

®oU

SBie nennt

^laffen?

bat fein

im ^eere

iEBer braud^t

nur

ober in ber SKarine*

ein ^ai)v gu bienen?

i!Be^f)aIb?

!Darf ein Slbiturient iiberatt ftubieren?

SBie biele beutfd^e Uniberfitaten fennen ©ie?

©eben ©ie

bie

©d^ulen an!

gemeinfamen

Sel^rfad^er ber l^ol^eren

beginners' GERMAN

man

SBic ncnnt

©ic

SBotanif,

©rbfunbe

fonft nod^?

^oologic,

bit

IIQ

^l^tjfif

unb ©l^cmic

[tub 9iaturn)iffcnfci^aftcn»

SBcId^c

©prad^en tocrbcn auf bcm ©^mnafium

gc^

le^rt? SBcId^e auf

bcm Stealgtjmnaftum?

Unb

auf bcr Obcrrcalfd^ulc?

tDelc^c

SBelc^e^

3n

bie

ift

SBorbilbung ber f)o^ercn ©ci^iller?

tDcId^em Sllter

i)oi)txtn

^at man

ftc

gelDotinUd^ in bic

in 3)cutf(^Ianb fiinftcigigcn Untcrrid^t

rt)0(^entltd^

Sagen

fommen

©d^ulcn? obcr n)irb in ©eutfd^Ianb an fcd^^

untcrric^tet?

SBic tdtxbm bie gerien eingeteilt? SBie

gut

tDcrben

bie

f)6f)eren

au^ge^

©collier

bilbet?

2Ba^ fonnen ©ie (Srjal^Ien

©ie

iiber bie 9Wabd^enfd^uIen

alte^,

tda^

©ie

iiber

bie

fagen?

]^6f)eren

beutfd^en ©d^ulen njiffen! SSergleid^en

©ie

bie

beutfd^en

©d^ulen mit ben

amerifanifd^en ©d^ulen! ?efen

©ie ha^

©tildf je^t in

^^xtm

S3ud&e nad^!

©d^reiben ©ie einen Heinen Stuff a^ bariiber!

NOTE In what number are the names of the great holidays used in

German?

E.g. SBeif)nac^ten, etc.

Substitute for jerfatten the verb eintdten. Substitute for l^ei^en the verb nennen.

In the two sentences which begin with the preposition conjunction nad^bem, orally and in writing.

nac^, use the

BEGINNERS GERMAN

I20

Change into the passive

in all persons

and

tenses:

i^ nel^me mein 93u(^, offne

id)

mein

id) fdjiiefee id) lege

58uc^,

mein

93nd^,

mein ^ud)

!)in»

E.g.

9Wein (ba^) ^nd)

mir genommen,

tt)irb tjon

etc.

2lufgabe

t)terunbt)ter3igfte

2)ie 2)eutf^ett in Slmcrifa

©ie

©eutfd^e finb in ber ganjen SBelt gu finben*

100

naf)e

9}JiItionen,

Don benen

nngefctl^r

68

jal^Ien bei^

2)?iIIionen

@^

©entfd^Ianb nnb 15 9KiIIionen in Cfterreid^ inol^nen^ and) Diele 3)entf(f)e in ber

(Sd)ii3eij

nnb in Jfn^Ianb,

in

gibt

3)ie grofete

im Sln^Ianb finbet man in ben S3ereinigten ®d)on *ipenn bvad)U, aU er fic^ 1682 in "ipenn^^

5af)l S)entf(^er

©taaten^

f^banien

nieberliefe,

mit, benen

im

©d^aren

lid)t

®entf($e, fianptfad^IicO JRI^einpfaljer,

l^ielten.

.^ntereffant

1626 jnm

ift

e^,

erften

h^nrbe,

getnctl^It

gefanft

l^atte.

inieber

nac^bem

er

unb

©ontiernenr t)on

22

bie

fiir

englifd^e

100 W:avt

©d^on im ^ai)ve 1787

bentfd^e ©efeltfd^aft in 5Retn g)orf,

bentfd^en ^anflenten

bdxdd)U

nenen ?ta(^f($nb

er==

ha^ ein ©entfc^er, namen^ ^eter tnirflic^en

meiten gro^e ^nfel aWanl^attan

bianem

18. ^cil^rl^unbert^

immer

folgten, bie

9Kinnit, g)orf

biele

erften ©rittel be^

bie

nnb ©rnnbbefi^em

Sleti)

Onabrat^

t)on

ben

^n^

bilbete fid^ einc

Don btn

angefel^enften

begrllnbet iDorben inar

t)on il^nen nnterftii^t tonrbe.

®a^

^ai)x

1848 bvad)U

t)iele

©entfd^e nad^ Slmcrifa.

^arl ©d^nrj,

@iner

ber beften

bon

n)ie trener

Siirger ber 33ereinigten ©taaten, bef)anbelte in

il^nen,

ein ebenfo gnter ©entfd^er Diel^

BEGINNERS GERMAN Bcad^tetcr SRebc ben ©influ^ be^

unb

jeigte babei,

tt)ie

121

©eutfd^tum^ auf

btc

an bem

bte 35eutfc^:=2Imerifaner

frctfttg

Union

gortfd^ritt be^ f)umanen ©eifte^ in Slmerifa mitgeh)irft f)aben.

Unter anberem fagte

©eutfd^en bie ^flege ber ^unft

er, bafe bie

unb be^ ©efange^ mitgebrad)t

ha^

l^atten, fo

Strbeit in alien ^laffen be^ 93oIfe^ mef)r

©onnenfc^ein eine^

eine

tDerben mnfete, freut

Unb

^arl ©d^urg, ,,fonbem

bon benen, beren SSomrteil

2)?ef)rja]^I

fic^ biefer

Sefefirung

anf amerifanifd^em

toie

Soben

t)olIer

@r

unb

unb

riger eine^ inngen SSoIfe^

grofe,

au^geiibt: „2)er

benn

grol^finn."

um

bie 5Sereinigten

gtoar 3:f)eobore 9?oofet)eIt gele=

am

glctnjenber ®egentx)art al^

§lngef)o^

fomme, auf ba^ 3)eutfd^lanb grofeen beutfd^e 5lnteil an unferem i8Iut ift

bon SInbeginn an

faft

12.

bemerfte, ba^ er in biefe^ ?anb t)on rul^m^^

S5ergangenf)eit

(ginflufe

je^t aud^

iibertonnben

Sorlefung in ber iBerliner Unit)erfitat

feiner

9Wai 1910.

jum

erft

fo tat bie^ in h)eit frfiftigerer §lrt ein Slmeri^^

faner anf bentfd^er (grbe, gentlic^

bem

ein ©entfc^er in bef(^ei=

bener SBeife bie S3erbienfte ber ©eutfd^en

©taaten betonte,

t)on

geben^genuffe^ burc^Iend^tet tnerbe^

l^eiteren

allein tdiv," fo fagte

,,9^i(^t

bie $Ka[t t)on ber

unb mel^r

ift

ba^ beutfd^e Element unter

ben einanber folgenben SBogen Don Slnfommlingen, beren ^in^ be^tinber in bie dmerifanifd^e Station Derarbeitet iDorben finb

unb nod^

loerben, grofe getnefen;

ftammung auf

{enen

3^^i9

ber

unb

id^ felbft fuf)re

^ollanb au^ ber 9Jorbfee emporgel^oben toir l^aben

bon

ifinen nid^t

meine W)^

9lieberbeutfd[)en guritdf,

nur einen

f)at.

Unb

Wd^tv

noc^ mctjV,

grofeen Seil be^ iBIute^,

ba6 burd^ unfere 5lbem rinnt, entnommen, fonbem aud^ einen grofeen Jeil ber ©ebanfenn^elt, burd^ toeld^e unfere ©enfarbeit

beftimmt Syjan

toirb."

nimmt

an, ba^ in ben S?ereinigten ©taaten nal^e an

brei aWillionen in ©eutfd^lanb geborene 3ci]^l alter

^erfonen

au^ beutfd^en gamilien ftammenben

h)of)nen.

S)ie

S3etoof)ner, b.

i).

beginners' GERMAN

122 jencr,

©Item ober bcren

bcrcn Bcibc

Scutfd^Ianb geboren tDurbcn, gu

SBatcr obcr SKuttcr in

abcr nttt ncun 9}JiIIioncn

ift

fcrung au^,

9lad& „!Dcutf^Ianb

SBo

ntdf}!

ba^ mad^t ben jel^nten Jeil ber ©efamtbedol^

l^od& flefd^dfet;

aU mitmad)t," 6.

837.

ftnb bie ©cutfd^en gn finbcn?

SBie

t)ielc

S)entfd^e

SBie

t)ielc

gintrol^ner

Unb

bic SBcreinigten

SBer brad^te

28a^

fiir

t)ielc

gfil^It

man im

gangen?

©entfd^Ianb?

f)at

©taaten?

©entfd^e mit nad^ Slmerifa?

?anb^Ientc tDaren bie^ junt grofe ten

Xdl?

aSeld^er ©eutfd^e tDurbe gnerft in Slmerifa offent^ lid^ geel^rt?

Sffiogn iDurbe er Qttdaf)lt?

SBie

l^iefe

Unb

h)ie bie

ber

©taat ^tto

©oltar

iffiie t)iele

2)orf guerft?

©tabt? beiaf)ltt

^eter 9Kinuit

fiir

9Wan^

l&attan?

3n

hjeld^em S'al^re be^ nennjel^nten 3a]^rf)nnbert^

famen 2Ba6

biele

n)iffen

SBamm?

©entfd^e nad^ Stmerifa?

©ie bon ^arl ©d^nrj?

<^ennen ©ie feine Siid^er liber $enr^

(Slai)

unb

Slbral^am Sincoln?

fatten ©ie

if)n fiir

einen grofeen

9Kann?

?ebt ^axl ©d^urj nod^?

§at

er ie ein offentlid^e^

SBeld^e

Jugenben

2lmt befleibet?

fiaben bie ©eutfd^en nad^ Slme^

rifa mitgebrad^t?

SBeld^er grofee Sinflufe

Slmerifaner betonte ebenfaE^ ben

ber 3)eutfd^en auf

berfelben urn bie S3ereinigten

nnb

bie

S3erbienfte

©taaten?

beginners' GERMAN SBo iDurbc SBie

ift

1 23

SBann?

biefc 9?ebc gel^alten?

S)eutf(^Ianb^ S^ergangcnfieit?

SBte feinc ©egenmart?

2Ba^ benfen ©ic

§aben

t)iele

t)on

©eutfd^Ianb^ S^f^ri\t?

Slmerifaner beutfd^e^ Slut in il^rcn

3lbcm? SBeld^er

Slbftammung

ift

Sfieobore SRoofebelt?

SBie Diele ®eutf(^=§ltnertfaner

©taaten tDof)nen?

einigten

@rsaf)len

in ben 33cr*

folteti

©ie,

tt)a6

@ic

liber

bie

S)eut[d^en

in

§lmerifa gu fagen f)aben! Sefen ©ie bie ©arftettung!

©eben ©ie

bie 23Bieberf)oIung berfelben [d^riftlic^!

NOTE SSermanbeIn ©ie bie inbireft gegebene 9?ebe bon ^art ©d^ur^ in birefte $Rebe!

Unb

htn bireft gegebenen

©a^

in inbirette 5Rebe!

SSermanbeIn ©ie, miinblic^ unb

9Ioofet)eIt^

fd^riftlid^,

Semer^

fungen! SBie.iiberfefeen

©ie:

©eutfc^e finb iiberatl gu finben^

®a^ 3c^

ift

nid^t gu glauben!

l)abe e^ fagen {)oren,

®a^ taftt fxd) {)offen (possibility). Q^ ttjurbe ben lieben langen S:ag gegeffen unb

getrunfen*

Observe:

9Man

finbet

t)iete

Slu^tttnber in biefem Sanbe^

(Sine ©efellfd^aft tiilbet fi^.

Is the passive

used as

much

in

German

as

Does every verb form a personal passive

it is

in

in English?

German?

beginners' GERMAN

124

when the agent is expressed? German avoid the passive voice, and what

Is the passive always used

How

does the

substitutes are used?

Observe the Active:

flexibility of

English in the use of the passive.

He gave me a pencil. @r gab ntir einen S3Ieiftift*

Passive: I was given a pencil (a pencil was given me).

Mix murbe

ein S3Ieifttft t)on if)m gegeben*

5unfunbr)ter3tgfte 2lufgabe (Review) 2)eutfrf|Ianb iificr attc^ 1.

3)eutf(^Ianb, ©eutfd^Ianb ilber

ato,

liber alle^ in ber SSelt,

SBenn

e^ ftet^ ju

©d^u^ unb Jru^e

S3ruberltd^ Sufammenf)alt,

25on ber SKaa^ bi^ an

bte

9WemeI,

S?on ber gtfc^ bi^ an ben Selt. S)entfc^Ianb, ©eutfd^lanb iiber alte^, liber alle^ in ber SSelt!

2.

S)eutf(^e granen, bentfd^e Jrene,

©eutfc^er SSein unb beutfd^er

©ollen in ber 2BeIt

©ang

befialten

3^]^ren alten fc^onen .^lang,

Un^

ju ebler 2:at begeiftem

Unfer gan^e^ Seben lang* ©entfd^e grauen, bentfd^e Jrene, !J)ent[(^er

SBein unb beutfd^er ©ang!

beginners' GERMAN unb dtt^t unb

Sitiigfeit

gur ba^ ©attach

J^^^tl^^it

beutfd^e SSaterlanb,

un^

lafet

SBruberlid^ tnit

unb

ginigfeit

©inb

12$

alte ftreben

^ers unb ^anb!

9?e(^t

unb

gretf)eit

be^ ©liide^ Unterpfanb.

nW im

©lanje

btefe^ ©lilde^,

S3Iuf)c beutfd^e^ SSaterlanb!

Hoffmann ®te

2)?aa^, bie 2JJenteI

S)te

bie (gtfd^ [tub gliiffc.

im SBeften bon ®eutf($Ianb. 2Bo? aWemel ift tm Often ©eutfd^Ianb^. (gtfd^ ift im ©ilben don ©eutfc^Ianb, unb bcr

S)ie gjJaa^

2)te

unb

t)on Sallcr^Icbcn.

ift

Selt, fojufagen ein Seil be^ S3altifc^en 5D?eere^, ift

S)a^

im 9^orben don iBaltifd^e 2)?eer

©eutfci^Ianb*

l^eifet

gett)o^nIi($ bie Oftfee*

3ft bie 2)?emel auf beutfd^em iBoben?

SBo

liegen bie anberen ®ert)(iffer?

3eigen ©ie

aSarum

alle^ auf ber

fieifet

e^

Cartel

im Often

S)eutfd^Ianb^

unb

nic^t

don ®eutf(^Ianb?

man

2Ba6 fann iffiie

toiirben

SBerftel^en

©ie

©ingen ©ie

?emen ©ie fo

anftatt ftet^ noc^ fagen?

©ie ju ©d^u^ unb 3:ru^ au^briiden? {e^t

ba^ ?ieb?

e^!

e^ filr bie nad^ften

©tunben

au^lDenbig,

ha^ ©ie e^ aud^ fd^reiben fonnen!

Hoffmann don

galter^Ieben

ift

5RationalIiebe6 ber ©eutfd^en

ber ©id^ter biefe^ (feit

1871), ba^

auc^ 2)a^ Sicb ber ^eutfd&en genannt toirb*

beginners' GERMAN

126

Don ^atjhn

S)ic aWelobie rill^rt

unb

f)tx

tft

glcid^^

Seitig bie 9WeIobic fiir bie ofterrcid^ifd^e S^ational^

l^^tnne: ,,®ott er^altc ^^xaxii

ben ^aifer^''

^ufgabe

5cdjsunbDter3tgfte

S)eutfc^tattb^ Stettung in bcr aBcttrt)irtf(^aft

3n

ben 3^iten ber SBoIfemanbemng innetDol^nenbe SBanbertrieb

IBoIfe

bem ©iiben unb ©panien unb

SBeften

Slfrifa,

bann

rgung ber beutfd&en

©tamme

nad^

Unb

Ungarn

l^inein

unb

fd^on balb nad^ ber (gtni=

unter ben erften fraftbotten @ad^-

bann unter ben ^ol^enftaufen unb

fenfaifern,

bentfc^en

granfreid^,

^talien^

bi^ nad^

tief

norbmart^ nad^ Snglanb.

'h)ieber

[pater in ber 3^it

Seutfd^^errenorben^ erlDiefen bie 5)eutfd^en i^ren S3emf

t)e^

aU

gefiil^rt,

bem

ber

l^at

©ermanenfttintme nad^

bie

^olonifatoren ber 9lorb^ unb Oftmarfen in

gegen SBenben unb ^reufeen,

begann jiige,

bie iBIiltejeit ber beutfd^en

aU

l^eifeen

^ampfen

Tlit ber ®eh)innung ber Oftfee

3^^

^anfa.

cS^it ber

grunb traten,

im ©Uben

bllil^ten bie SBoJ^npIct^e

auf: SBien, Slug^burg,

Ulm unb

S)eutfd^lanb^

9^iimberg»

am

S)ie Sntbedfung neuer ^anbel^tDege

Stu^gang be6 9WitteI'

altera fanb bie S)eutfd^en nid^t untcttig, n)enngleid^ bie fd^en

9?ationen,

^auptteil reid^e

l^atten,

bie

fid^

unb

tDiirgfianbel

beteiligt,

ja

felbft

gugger unb

unb foHte

ffierfel^r^der^

tiaben

am

ben

SBelfer,

glotten au^

fpanifd^en

®e=

gu (groberungen unb Slnfiebe*

lungen auf frembem SBoben finb be[e^t

fid^

romani^

baran

©panier, bie

©ie

bienftbar su madden,

fpanifd^en C^afen au^gel^en ta[fen

tDurbe

unb

^ortugiefen

^n^befonbere tDaren

^aufteute in Slug^burg, beftrebt, bie neuen

l^ciltniffe

^reuj^

bie italienifd^en ^anbel^ftdbte mel^r in ben SSorber^

[ie

rid^tiger

[ortge[d^ritten»

SBeI[erIanb

S3enejuela

tieifeen.

©oc^

beginners' GERMAN

1 2/

Untcrftil^ung burd^ ba^ dtd^, bent cine glotte

ol^nc

intmer

n)nrben bie beutfd^en ^olonifatoren

bm

^riege^ Dollenbeten

be^

SSerfalt be^ beutfd^en

^^oHanb nnb gnglanb

^anbete ju 8anb unb gur ®ee* ba^ bentfd^e 6rbe an

fefilte,

au^ i^ren

!Dte 8rauent)oIten 3^iten

^anbel^bejiel^ungen berbrangt^ ©reifeigiftl&rigen

ntel^r

riff en

SBol^I berfud^te ber ©rofee ^nrfiirft,

fid^»

ber in ber ©c^nle ber ^ottanber ]^erangen)ad^fen

unb

tioav

bie

33ebeutung be^ 9Keere^ al^ Ouelle ber 33oIfergr6fee fennen ge^

©d^opfung einer ^anbel^flotte unb

lemt

ijattt,

bung

einer ^olonie in SBeftafrifa^

bie

^m S'al^re

®riin=

bie

1683 tdavb

trofe

be^ ©infprud^^ eiferfiid^tiger SKcid^te t)on einem 2:eile ber ^lifte ergriffen,

33efife

ba^ i^ort ®ro6=griebrid^^burg

§anbel^besief)ungen tDurben eroffnei

t)er]^eifeung^t)oIIe

fd^on fein 9?ad^foIger, ber erfte preufeifd^e l^atte

S3efife

^onig

L, ber 33ater griebric^^ be^ ©rofeen,

an

bie

^oIIanbifd^-SBeftinbifd^e

unb 3lber

griebrid^ I*^

unb

33eftrebungen iDenig ^tttereffe,

biefe

fiir

2BiIf)eIm

erric^tet,

griebrid^

t)erfaufte feinen

^ontpagnie

fiir

6000

©ufaten.

Uber 200 ^al^re

litt

ba^ beutfd^e 3Solf unter feinen ungliidf^

feligen politifd^en SSerl^altniffen; e^

unb

mar meerfremb

gen)orben^

bent SJiidfgang be^ gelDerblid&en ?eben^ folgte nottDenbiger^

meife ber be^ geiftigen^

9^ur langfant bereitete dttif)t

ber Sintritt !Deutfd^Ianb6 in bie

fic^

ber 9[BeIt{)anbeI^ntad^te

SSoIf^tunt

unb

frentbe

Wax

©d^aben>

rege, leiber oft gu feinem

ni^ ber frentben ©prad^en bei un^ breitung

gelangt

SSeranlaffung

tt)ie

jur

©eutfd^Ianb^ aber fftd^Iid^

faunt

nad^ 9?orbanterifa»

l^unbert^

l^aben

ntefir

bie

©inn

frembe^

fiir

in !Deutfd^Ianb intnter

^ennt-

Slufeerbem

tioax bie

allmfifilid^

gu fold^er SSer^

anber^lDO,

SnttDidflung tiouxbe

S)er

\)ov.

(gigenart

ber

beutfd^e

!Die

unntittelbare

iiberfeeifd^en

^ntereffen

Hu^tDanberung; l^aupt^

©eit betn Slnfang be^ 19» ^af)x^

aU 5

aWiHionen S)eutfd^e

fid&

neue

beginners' GERMAN

128

m

SGBol^nfx^e tt)o iefet

8-9

ber ^xemiic, f)auptfa(^lt(^ in 9^orbamertfa, gefiid^t,

©ie

ajjiltionen ©eutfc^e leben,

bufee, bie unfer S?aterlanb baburd^ eriitt,

tDirtfc^aftlid^e (gtn=

Slnberfeit^

grofe.

tft

aber finb e^ in erfter ?inie bie SSerfefir^bejie^ungen jn Slmerifa getnefen,

ben ^anbel nnferer §anfaftabte tDieber empor^

bie

brad^ten^

ber

SInf

bann 3nbien 3abre be6

unb

3aptJti offnete gu S3eginn ber 60er

t)origen 3ai^t*[)unbert^

^cutt

S3erfe^r»

^albfngel iDurbe perft Sf)inap

oftlid^en

erf(^Io[fen,

t)oI{enb^

^afen bent bentfc^en

feine

nmfpannen

Don ©eutfd^Ianb an^^

bie

laufenben S5er!e]^r^faben, bie je^t anc^ nad) 5lnftralien nnb ber ©xibfee ]^innbersief)en, ben gangen (grbball

©eit 53eginn ber 80er SJeil^e

ha^ 3)entf(^e

S'al^re ift

unb

ber ^olonialnxctd^te eingetreten,

ein ©ebiet

bon bem giinffad^en

9?eid^ in bie

e^ bel^errfd^t fieute

©ro^e; e6

feiner eignen

ftel^t

fontit unter ben ^olonialmctc^ten l^infic^tlic^ be^ gldd^eninfialt^ feiner

53efi^nngen

©df)u^gebieten 2)?arf

1903

an

67

(gin=

mart

aWiltionen ber

12,2 9KiItiarben 9Karf

h)irb

unb

1904

erreid^t

S)a^

©telle.

britter

Capital

nnb beren

Slu^enl^anbel^,

beutfd^en t)on

angelegte

gefd^a^t,

bereit^

fd^on

auf

240

in

ben

SKillionen

betmg SSom ©efamttDerte be^ §lu^fuf)rf)anbel

getnaltige

©umme

entfallen |

auf ben

bie l^at,

©eel^anbeL

3n bie

Stmerifa, befonber^ in Tlittth

unb ©iibanterifa,

tigen, oft ben SBert dieler aKitlionen befi^enben

3n

befifeen

©eutfd^en bebeutenbe ^anbel^nieberlaffungen mit ^ttvaU

99?ittelanterifa, SBeftinbien, 9Wejifo

fiiblid^en ©olbfiifte f)aben fid^ beutfd^e

SBid^tigfeit

^anbel in

§lnxerifa aud^ mefir

Capital arbeitet, betneifen bie in feeifd^en

iBanfen.

amerifanifd^en

Safe ber beutfd^e

unb md)x mit bem iiingfter

Sbenfo tDenben

Sanbem

unb ben Sctnbem ber

^lantagenbefifeungen ju

entporgefd^tnungen.

erf)eblidfter

SBarenlagem.

fid^

beutfd^en

^eit errid^teten bie

iiber^

3)eutfd^en in ben

in gunefimenbem SJJafee

bem 53au

t)on

beginners' GERMAN (gifettbal^nen ju*

unb

gabrifen ftnb tnit beutfd^etn Capital

S5tele

bielfac^ fogar tnit beutfc^em

2lu(^ Slfrifa f)at filr

1 29

TOatertd

ba^ ©eutfd^e

etngertcf) tet.

unb

9?etd^,

gtDar nic^t blo^

burc^ bie ^olonten, btc c6 bortfelbft beft^t, grofeen

3^

lichen SBert.

btefem (grbteil

unb

i^attovtkn

beutfc^er

®e[(^aft^f)aufer*

Capital [tnb mel^rere S3a{)nen gebaut, Slnlage beutfd^en

trcid^tlic^ tft bie

tt)irtf($aft==

eine grofeere Slngal^I

beftel^t

2)?it

beutfd^em

unb tDieberum

^apitaB

fef)r

be*

in htn [iibafrifani^

fc^en 93?inen.

-3n Hfien finben

Singapore

bi^

beutfc^e

fid^

©umatra unb anbern

tagen auf

tet bie S)eutf($:=2lfiatif(^e 53anf,

finb

gum

^n

^nfeln.

unb

©d^angfiai

bie Heinafiatifci^en S3af)nen

?eben bod^ in Sluftralien

©iibfee.

5neu^©eelanb, iiber 100,000 ®eutf($e!

©libfeegebiet

gum

fommt

fiir

un6

beutfd^en ^olonialbereid^ gef)ort»

plantagen t)on ^amaii

Mart

ift

felbft,

ba^

Sluc^

nic^t blofe infotDeit in ^etrad^t,

ebenfalte gaftoreien in beutfc^em 33efi^,

§luf Xat)iti [inb

unb an btn

beutfd^e^ .S'apital

mit

^i^dfer^^

t)ielen

Wih

beteiligt*

SBeld^ riefenl^afte

beutfc^en ®elbe^

@umme

ift

beutfd^er ^raft, beutf c^en ©eifte^,

ba im glufe!

^aum

geringer finb

93ilbung^beftrebungen be^ beutfd^en S3oIfe^ iiber fen.

arbei:=

beutf(i^er ^apitaliften^

unb ber

einfc^Iiefelic^

lionen

'ipian:^

gering finb bie beutfdfien SBirtfc^aft^intereffen [ogar in

Sluftralien

al^ e^

gaftoreien nnb

grofeten SEeile ba^ SBerf beutfc^er ©eologen, beutfc^er

^ngenieure unb yix(i)t

^anbel^nieberlaf[ungen Don

beutfd^e

3BIabi)t)o[tof,

©ee

bie

gert)ad^=

9ieben ben beutfd^en ^aufleuten arbeiten beutfd^e Sefirer,

beutfc^e gorfd^er, beutfd^e Offigiere

unb

beutfd^e 5D?iffionare auf

bem gangen (grbenrunb am gortfd^ritt ber SBie h)unberbar nun aud^ ©eutfd^Ianb^ getDad^fen,

toie

grofe

feine

^otonien tuerben mogen:

9Wenfd^f)eit.

au^tDcirtiger .^anbel

Slu^manberung, bie

toie

iDid^tig

feine

SBurjeIn beutfd^er ^raft unb

beginners' GERMAN

130

bcutfd^cr ©rofec liegen

Im Sobcn

ber bcutfd^cn ^citnat.

unablaffigc Slrbeit auf j^cimatlid^er ©d^oltc SBolf toiebcrum ju 9)?ad^t

unb ©rofee

gcflil^rt;

gortfd^ritt auf alien ©cbietcn bc^ (gblen

abcr bic opferfreubigc ^ingabe an gilrft c^ auci^ in fiinftigen S^^i^^

txuf fciner

nur

unablfifftger

unb ©uten, Dor alltm unb SBaterlanb tDcrbcn

§6^c

erl^altcn. SI.

SBelttDirtfd^aft bebcutet intcmationaler

^reussUge toaxm gj pcbitioncn

!J)ie

gntbcdfung

ift

9iur

ba^ bcutfd^c

f)at

^ciftbcd.

§anbcL

jum ^reujc, ©rabc,

ba^fclbc n)ic Sluffinbung (Sr^

finbung)» ©etDiirjc

fieifet

Unterftii^en

auf englifd^ spices, groceries.

l^eifet l^clfcn

(cf.

English: support).

SSerbrctngen bebeutet forttreiben.

®rauent)oIl

l^eifet

Siferfiid^tig

ift

furd^tbar, fd^redHid^*

mifegunftig, neibifd^*

25erl^ei6ung^t)o(t

l^eifet

t)oIl

t)on

SJerl^^ifeungcn,

SScrfpred^ungen, ©rtDartungen. 2)ie Siubufee bebeutet S3erluft

(ma^ berloren

ift)»

gorfd^er finb 2)?anner ber SBiffenfd^aft, ©elel^rte.

Unablaffig

l^eifet

!Die ©d^otte

ift

Opferfreubig fein gu bringen;

SBarum $Die

fagt

anbauernb, fortiDafirenb.

ber S3oben, bie @rbe, l^eifet

fid^

man:

freubig (iDilten^) fein,

l^ingeben; alte^

Diele 9)?iIIionen

garben ber beutfd^en ga{)ne

rot*

Opfer

tun tDoHcn* 2Rarf?

finb fd^hjarj, h)ei6,

SUPPLEMENTARY READING (Lessons 36-41) 5Priti5 aBili^elm

al^ fjrcunb bcr Kinber

aU

51B ^aifcr SBil^cIm IL noc^ fc^ritt cr

®a

burd^ bic ©trafeen.

unb

ftefien,

J)ann fragtc

bclaufd^tc cine SBcilc

cr fie

mit

bic

il^r

fcl^nfiici^tigcn

bctrad^tctcn*

Dcr

bcftcn gcficle.

@r

finblid^c^ ©cplaubcr^

benn

altcfte bcr

t)on

bcibcn

htn ^rinjcn nid^t !anntcn, anttDoxtett rafc^: ,,®ort

33riibcr, bic

ba^ ©d^iff, §crr ?cntnant, c^

gar ju fd^on!"

i[t

S'nngcn/' crmibcrtc bcr ^rinj, „fo SBcil^nad^tcn

n)unfd^cn

^nabc barauf nnb

fiinnt."

fd^autc

roifet il^r ja,

„®a^

gcl^t

bcm ^ringcn mit

cttDa^ fo

©d^onc^ faufcn fann."

SBeii^nad^t^mann fcin!"

„yiun bcnn,

ma^

nid^t,"

i^r cuc^ gu fagte

bcr

feinen blaucn Slugcn

brcift in^ ©cfid^t; ,,unfer 25atcr l^at nid^t fo

un^

mit

freunblid^cr 9Wicnc, tt)a^ il^nen

am

ben fd^onen ©ingcn

Icbte,

o{)ne ^Segleitung

bent ©d^aufenfter cine^

t)or

bort au^gclcgtcn ^crrlid^fcitcn

iBIidcn bic trat f)ingn

cr

fal^

^naben

©pieln)aren8efd^aft^ gmei

all

^ring in ^ot^bam

an einem Slbenb furj bor SBciJ^nad^tcn

bid ®clb,

„yiun, bann

bafe cr

tDilt id^

cucr

9?ad^ bicfcn SBortcn trat bcr *iPrina in

ben Saben, fanftc ba^ ©d^iff unb ilbcrrcid^tc c6 btn ^nabcn, bie t)or

faum

freubigem ©d^redE

boltcm Jrabe ciltcn

fie

erftaunten,

aB

mann

^inber gcn)cfcn

il^rer

fie

in

cin 9Bort bc^ S)anfc^ fanben.

Qn

nad^ ^anfc gu ben (Sltcrn, bic nid^t tDcnifl

bcm 2abtn

crful^rcn,

mer bcr SBcil^nad^t^^

tvav.

$! ©nficllcn unb $. Xtd^ntv.

131

beginners' GERMAN

132

2)ie ficficn

@ta6e

(gin SSater l^attc fteben ©ol^ne, bie ofter^

Uber betn

tDurben.

%xbdt

3txtifen

um

Uneinigfeit inmii^t ju madden,

3)a

um

liefe

xi)v

^iinbel

Jage^ die

©tcibe

fagte: „©enxienigen

ent^tDeibrid^t,

fieben ©of)ne

jal^Ie

bie feft jn^^

don

eud^, ber

l^unbert

id^

grofee

bar.''

@iner nad^ bent anbern ftrengte fagte

leber

biefe

©of)ne nad^ bent SEobe

legte if)nen fieben ^tixbt t)or,

famnxengebunben tdavm, unb

Saler

bie

bie

fie

[id^

grbteil ju bringen*

ber el^rrt)urbige ®rei^ eine^

jnfamnxenfomnten,

biefe^

im ©inne,

-3a, einige bdfe 3)?enfd^en l^atten

be^ 33ater^

mttemanber unein^

unb ©trcitcn bcrfaumten

alte

feine ^rcifte

nad^ langem t)ergebUd^en SSemil^en: „(g^

an,

unb

ift

gar

nid)t moglid^."

„Unb

bod^/' fagte ber S3ater,

,,ift

nid^t^ leid^ter."

(gr lofte

ba^ SSiinbel auf unb gerbrad^ einen ©tab nad^ bent anbern mit geringer SKltfie.

„(gi/' riefen bie

©ol^ne, „fo

ift

e^ freilid^ leid^t,

fo fonnte e^ ein fleiner ^nabe!''

3)er 25ater aber fprad):

mit

eud^,

tDerbet

meine ©ol^ne.

if)r beftel^en,

„^k

e^

mit ben ©tciben

©olange

unb niemanb

if)r

feft

ift,

fo

ift

jufammenl^altet,

tDirb eud^ iibermaltigen fdnnen.

SBirb aber ba^ S3anb ber (Sintrad^t, ba^ eud^ t)erbinben aufgeloft, fo gef)t e^ eud^ toie

auf

e^

ben ©tciben, bie

f)ier

folt,

jerbrod^en

bem 53oben um{)erUegen."

©eltfanter ©^^asicrritt (gin 5D?ann reitet tuf feinem (gfel nad^

Suben

gu gufe nebenl^er laufen.

fagt: ,,©a6

©obn

ift

laufen;

nid^t red^t, S3ater, if)r

l^abt ftarfere

§au^ unb lafet

^ommt ba^

ii)v

&lkbtv."

feinen

ein SBanberer

reitet

S)a

unb

unb la^t euern ftieg

ber S3ater

SUPPLEMENTARY READING Dom

unb

@fel f)erab

bn

retteft

unb

Ictffeft

®a

33eine»''

einen

Dierter

unb

©tod

gufe g^^^tx;

bu

l^aft

^ommt

ritten eine ©trede,

fagt: ,,3Ba^

ift

ba^

©oltte

man

®a

unb

linf^

unb ©ol^n unb in ber fagt:

9Kitte ber gfeL

„^^v

^ommt

®ef)t'^ ni($t

ge!)en?

menu

(gfel bie

borbem Seine sufantmen, unb ber ©ol^n banb

3)a banb ber S5ater

einer t)on euc^ reitet?"

gufammen, gogen einen ftanb,

ein

feib brei furiofe ©efelten.

leid^ter,

an ber ©trafee

Un^

ein

fiir

felbbritt gu gufe, re($t^

3ft'6 nic^t genug, iDenn jtDei ju gufe

ber

bap

iiingere

nel^men unb eu($ beibe J^inabjagen?"

unb gingen

SBanber^mann unb

f)intern S3eine

inieber

ntc^t red^t, SSurfd^e,

^erle auf einem fd^tDac^en 2:iere?

ftiegen beibe ai

ber 53ater

ift

p

betnen 93ater

fafeen beibe auf

tierftanb, jtDet

nic^t

„®a6

fagt:

SSanber^mann unb

ein britter

^omntt

ben ©ol^n rettcn.

liefe

SBanber^mann unb

ein

133

bem

if)m bie

ftarfen S3aumpfaf)I burd^,

unb trugen ben

@fel auf ber Sld^fel

I)eim,

©0 red^t

tDeit

fann^^ fommen, tdtnn

man

e^ alien Seuten

tdill

madden.

SSie bie SSafuttger eine

Sa^e

fauften

im §aufe unb ^Ratten unb tDufete ®amal^ gab e^ aber nod^ feine in tDurbe bem SSirt angeraten, er foHe S)a SBafungen* ^afeen nac^ 2)?einingen fa^ren unb eine ^a^e faufen, fo tDilrbe er ber @in SSirt

fid^

"ipiage

unb

W:arm

fid^

nid^t jtDeimal fagen, fuf)r

faufte eine ^afee

^eimtDeg

^a^e

fiel

um

freffe;

benn er

guriidf,

Sluf

ju erhinbigen,

htha(iite, bafe fold^ ein

feine 2)?aufe

ben ^ned^t

fid^

©a^

mit feinem ^ned^t

ein gute^ ©titdf ©elb.

if)m bei, bafe er bergeffen,

moKe, trenn e^ l^alb

l^elfen.

balb lo^ fein; benn biefe^ 2^ier t)ertilgte bie 9>}(tufe*

ber

liefe

bie

f)atte Diel 5D?aufe

gar nid^t mti)x gu

unb 3?atten mef)r

bem tt)a^

Jier aud^ leben

gcibe,

angufragen, tda^ bie ^afee

fanbte be^= freffe,

unb

BEGINNERS"^

134 ful^r cinfttDeilen

SIntmort

bie

2Ste ber ^ned^t anfant, fragte ber

nad^ ^aufe*

neugierig: „9^un, tvia^

v^perr

^.Sllte^?"

,,@{, bef)ut

iBefd^eib,

Htib [d^idte bie

^a^e

GERMAN

,,3a,

mx

alte^!''

un^ ®ott bor

—

^a^e?"

bte

frifet

—

fo

einem

„3lIIe^!" iDar

ber

iDieber^oIte

©prad^'^

Jier!''

augenbltdlid^ mieber ^uriid*

2)er SBibctl^att

©eorg tou^tt nod^

J)er fleine

@inmal

tm

fd^rte er

nat)tn SBalbd^en aud^:

„^o,

n)unbert: „SBer bift bn?" [d^rie: „T)Vi bift ein

^unge!''

l^allte

unb

rief

l^allten

§llte

e^

unb

—

getreulid^

prildf*

tDieber

im ganjen

in btn SBalb fiinein.

@r

gurildE,

SBcilbd^en,

fonnte aber niemanb finben*

©eorg toaxb avQtv^

-

©d^impfnamen

fud^te

um

^^ierauf

l^ierauf

an

fid^

lief

l^aft

unb bu

il^n

gefd^impft l^abe.

bid^ felbft angeflagt.

§aufe

im SBalbe

3)ie abutter fprad^: ,,J)ie^^

S)u

l^aft

al^ ben SSiberf)aIt beiner eignen SBorte. lid^e^

ben

if)m ju

er nad^

flagte e^ ber 3)?utter, tDie ein bofer i8ube fid^

berftedft

mal

(irgere

fiierauf Der-

(gr rief

©timme rief aud^: „3Ser bift bummer 3^unge!" unb „bummer

au^ bem SBalbe

immer

t)ermeinten .^naben rcid^en,

l^opp!"

SBiberl^alt*

©ogleid^ rief^

S)ie

bu?" @r

lid^

bon bent

nid^t^

auf ber SSiefe: „§o, l^opp!"

SBort in btn SBalb l^ineingerufen,

nid^t^

t)emommen

^atteft bu ein freunb^ fo

mSre

bir aud& ein

freunblid^e^ guriidfgefommen*''

2)a^ aWittagcffen im ^ofc

Tlan

flagt l^aufig bariiber, tok fd^loer

unb unmoglid^

e^

fei,

mit mand^en 9Kenfd^en au^jufommen* ®a^ mag benn freilid^ aud^ tr)ai)v fein. ^'nbeffen finb biele bon fold^en 2)?enfd^en nid^t fd^Iimm, fonbem nur tDunberlid^, unb tDenn

mer

red^t fennte, inloenbig

man

unb au^h)enbig, unb

fie

red^t

nur im*

mit ibnen

SUPPLEMENTARY READING umjugcl^en iDare tft

mand^er

unb

ntc gu cigenftnntg

njllfetc,

iDol^I

unb

leid^t

mand^mal gar

nic gu nad^gtcbtg, fo

©a^

gur iBeftnnung gu bringeti^

^errn gelungen,

S)em

madden unb mu^te

bielc^

bod^ einem S3ebicnten tnit fctnem

fonnte cr

135

ni($t^ red^t

entgelten, iDoran er unfd^ulbtg iDar, n)ie c^ oft gef)t.

©0 fam

einmal ber §err

gum

fefetc fid^

®a

aWittageffen.

t)erbriefelid^

fel^r

©uppe gu

n)ar bie

unb

nad^ ^aufe

obcr

l^eife

gu fait ober feine^ t)on beiben; aber genug, ber §err toax (gr fafetc ba{)er bic ©d^ilffel

briefeltd^*

n)ar,

unb

SBa^

tat

gleifd^,

ba6 offne genfter in ben §of

toav\ fie burd^

^urg befonnen

S)iener?

ber

l^ierauf

ba^ er eben auf btn Xi\^

nid^t^, ber

©uppe

bann ben SBein unb

ba^

enblid^

^of

mit attem,

2^ifd^tud^

ha^

nid^t^ bir

bann ba^

l^inab,

l^inab.

er

toarf

mir

ftellen tDolIte,

nad^ aud^ in ben

t)er*

mit bem, toa^ barinnen

S3rot,

tt)a^

no(^

^err unb

ful^r

barauf tDar*

ba^

,,33ern)egener, lt)a^ foil

mit brof)enbem Sovn

t)on

unb

ertoiberte gang fait

aWeinung nid^t erraten

fein?'' fragte

bem

rul^ig: ^SSergeil^en

5lber ber S5ebiente

©ie mir, toenn

^d^ glaubte

l^abe*

ber

©effel auf*

toollten l^eute in

bem ^ofe

fpeifen,

S)ie Suft

^immel

unb

©ie nur,

toie lieblid^

bliil^t,

fo blau,

unb

©ie^mal

fel^en

toie frol^lid^

bie

©uppe

ling^fiimmel^ auf, feine^ 2lufrt)(irter^

ift

fo

l^eiterte fid^

Icid^elte

unb nimmer!

im

il^m

©ie

l^eiter,

ber

l^alten!"

—

®er §err

Slnblidf be^ fd^onen griil^'

l^eimlid^ iiber

unb banfte

3f)re

ber Slpfelbaum

bie S3ienen il^ren 9}Jittag

l^inabgetoorfen

erfannte feinen gel^ler,

id^

nid^t anber^, al^

ben fd^nelten (Sinfall

im Bergen

fiir bie

gute Sel^re.

3tt)ei niiffett e^

@in ^anbtoerf^burfd^e fanb einen

iBeutel

mit ®elb»

llbergab er il)n ber Obrigfeit ber ncid^ften ©tabt,

©igentiimer ermittle.

©ogleid^

bamit

S)a fagte fein ^amerab gu il^m:

fie

ben

„^a9

beginners' GERMAN

136

2:or btft bu!

fiir eiti

nen?

28er

bu ba^ ©elb

^citteft

ntd^t bel^alten fon^

benn, ha\^ bu e^ gefunben

iDufete e^

®er

l^atteft?''

^anbtDerf^burfd^e gab jur §lnth)ort: „0, rebe tnir nic^t alfo! (S^ iDufeten gh)et ®ert)iffen,

barum: mein ©ott, ben i^

ba^ mtd^

filrd^te,

unb mein

ric^tct."

^er aSafunger Stabtgalgcn Oberl^alb

SBafungen im Jfiuringerlanbe [tanb auf etnent

^iigel feitoart^ ber Sanbftrafee

©tabt

eingebrad^t njerben*

unb

em

alter

©algen, ber

gel^orte ber

9lun iDurbe einmal ein frember 3)teb

etgentlimlid^*

an ben SBafunger ©tabtgalgen

follte

ge{)enft

3)a traten aber bte SBafunger $Rat^f)erren bagegen

auf unb fprad^en:

l^aben

,,2Btr

l^ier

einen ©algen

fiir

un^,

unfre ^inber unb ^inbe^finber unb braud^en feine fremben

amten ©iinber bran!" anfangen

Sitten alfo nid^t, bafe jener

Unb ba

gel^enft iDurbe* follten,

gaben

fie

nun

ntd^t iDufeten, tDa^

il^m ein ©tiid ®elb

fie

er folk fid^ feiner SSege padfen

unb

©ieb baran fie

mit if)m

unb fagten

fid^ l^enfen laffen, tt)o

il^m,

er 8uft

i^abe*

SBanbtetg JRa^tUeb tiber alien ©ipfein

Sft 9Ju^,

3n

alien SSipfeln

©piireft

^aum

bu

einen ^aud^;

S)ie S3ogeIein fd^tDeigen iffiarte

nur, balbe

dlvif)t\t

bu

im

SBalbe*

aud^*

®octH

SUPPLEMENTARY READING

I37

2)er froi^e aBattbcrj^mann 1.

SBem ®ott

®en S)em

tDiH red^te ©utift ertDcifen,

fd^idt er in bie tDitl er [cine

tt)eite

SBelt,

SSunber

3fn JBerg unb SBalb

tDcifen

unb ©trom unb

gclb^

2. 35te iBad^Iem Don ben iBergen fpringen,

©ie gerd^en SBa^

[c^toirren l^od^ Dor Suft:

foltt^ td^

nid^t

mtt

il^nen ftngen

STn^ botler

^e^F unb

frifc^er

3. J)en lieben

©ott laff

id)

nur

S)er Sad^Iein, gerd^en, SBalb

Sruft?

toalten;

unb gelb

Unb @rb^ unb ^immel tr)iH erl^alten, ^at aud^ mein ©ad^' auf^ beft' be[tetlt! 3ot. t)on (Sic^cnborff.

REPRODUCTIONS Lesson 27

When gan to All of

was As the

was dark, and black clouds were came out into the street, it berain, at first only a few drops, then more and more. a sudden, very heavy drops fell upon the scholars school

in the sky.

who were running

out, it

scholars

where they could find shelter. But in a short time, the rain ceased and the bright sun came through the clouds. It had been only a sudden to seek a place

heavy shower. Lesson 29

A

nobleman, who owned a beautiful garden, was taking a walk one day in his park. As he was walking around, he

who was sleeping in the shade of a tree. had not expected his master, as the weather was very warm. When the nobleman found his servant resting instead of working, he became very angry, and called the man a rogue, not fit for the sun to shine upon. But saw

his gardener,

The

latter

the gardener calmly replied: **That lying in the shade."

is

the reason

So the master forgot

why

I

am

his anger.

Lesson 31

Two maids were going to a large town with heavy baskets which they carried on their heads. One of them was grumbling, all the time, while the other joked about her work. Soon the first maid said to the second: ^'How is it that you can laugh when you are carrying just as heavy

of fruit

138

REPRODUCTIONS

1 39

a basket as I am carrying? Are you stronger than I?'' '^No/' answered the second girl, ^^my basket is not lighter than yours and I am not stronger than you, but I do not feel

me

my

heavy load because I have a precious herb with This precious herb is that makes my burden lighter.

patience/'

Lesson 32

The

industrious farmer

and

large

into high stalks with

many

ears

soil for

us and plants

The corn grows by and by The miller makes of corn.

out of the corn, and the baker bakes bread from

fine flour it.

the

tills

small grains of corn.

Everybody

is

fond of good bread.

Lesson 33

The liam

I,

German Emperor in the new empire was Wilwho reached the ripe old age of almost ninety-one

first

When

throne.

he died in 1888, his sick son ascended the The second German Emperor was called Fred-

erick III

and was a favorite with the German people.

years.

But

he died after he had been Emperor for only ninety-nine days.

The

third

German Emperor

is

the present ruler of

the Fatherland.- William II was born in 1859. is

His wife

Auguste Victoria, and they have seven children,

princes

and one

princess.

The

six

oldest son has the title of

crown-prince.

Lesson 34

The new German Empire has been Franco-Prussian war

—

in existence since the

The United States is German Empire but has a

since 187 1.

considerably larger than the

population only one third greater than that of Germany.

The King

of Prussia

— Prussia

is

the largest kingdom

—

is

BEGINNERS GERMAN

I40 hereditary

German Emperor.

In case of an attack, he has

the right of declaring war, and

is

the sole representative of

the Empire in negotiations with foreign powers.

peror ever,

is

The Em-

commander-in-chief of the army and navy.

How-

he has not the veto-power.

Among Prussia,

the twenty-six states there are four kingdoms:

Bavaria,

Saxony,

and Wlirttemberg.

All

states send plenipotentiaries to the Federal Council,

the

which

convenes in Berlin, the capital of Prussia and of the German

The German citizens elect their own representaThe Emperor, the Federal Council, and Parliament make laws and determine the budget for Empire.

tives to Parliament.

the Empire.

Besides Berlin, the largest and most important

Hamburg, Munich,

Leipzig,

cities

are

and Dresden.

Lesson 37

A

merchant whose dog was very watchful had been day to market, where he had made a good deaJ of money. On his way home he lost his money-bag without noticing it. The faithful dog, who had seen the money fall, began to bark so loud that his master beat him. The The dog, however, did not stop but kept on barking. merchant then shot his dog, because he thought the animal had gone mad. After a while he discovered the loss of his money and rode back to find it. At the very place where his money had dropped, his faithful dog lay dead. rich

riding one

Lesson 38

A dog which had stolen a large piece of meat was crossing a small river on a narrow plank. When he saw his own

REPRODUCTIONS

I4I

picture in the clear water, he dropped the meat, for he

thought that he had seen another dog with a piece of meat. So in the end he had nothing at all, because he had been too greedy.

Lesson 39

New

Dear

York, April

19, 191 2.

Sir:

Your letter of the i6th inst. reached me yesterday. If you could come to see me Saturday next, I should be very

much our

We

obliged to you.

could then talk matters over at

leisure.

Hoping

to hear

from you soon, I remain, with kindest

regards,

Yours very

sincerely,

Lester Jones. Lesson 40 Schools are either private or public institutions. cities

have the public schools

built.

schools, of course, is to educate the

those matters which

come

all

useful citizens.

children

The purpose

The

of all the

youth of the land in

must know

so as to be-

Those children who do not care

may

attend a public school

to

go to private institutions.

Everybody, however, has to attend school between the ages of six

and fourteen

years.

After that, children

may

leave

school and go to work.

Lesson 41

One day a man was traveling on foot on a highway. Toward evening he was overtaken by a coachman, who seemed to be in a great hurry, as he was beating his horses

BEGINNERS GERMAN

142 fiercely.

The wanderer

asked the driver

why

felt

sorry for

he was hurrying

he wanted to reach the town before afterwards the side,

man

the animals and

so.

The

latter said

nightfall.

Shortly

overtook a wagon lying by the road-

and knew that

had seen a short time

belonged to the driver

it

before.

It is

whom

he

worth while to make

haste slowly.

Lesson 42

A man who He

had three

friends

was summoned

to court.

asked his friends to go with him to be his witnesses.

His two very best of need friend,

friends,

however, forsook him in the hour

and did not appear before the judge. The third whom he had felt indifferent, was the only

towards

one who gladly rendered testimony in his behalf.

Who

are the three friends of

man?

Are they not money, friends, and good deeds? By what friends is everyone forsaken after death? Who alone finds mercy before God?

GRAMMATICAL TABLES L

Declension of the Definite Article: 3)er-words.

II.

Declension of the Indefinite Article: @in-words.

III.

IV.

V. VI.

Declension of the Personal Pronouns. Declension of the Interrogative Pronouns. Declension of the Relative Pronouns. Declension of Nouns:

A, Weak. B, Strong. C, Mixed.

VII.

Declension of Adjectives:

A, Strong. B.

VIII.

IX.

X. XI. XII.

Weak

Comparison

(and Mixed).

of Adjectives

and Adverbs.

Numerals. Prepositions.

Conjunctions.

Conjugation of Auxiliaries of Tense:

l^abctl,

fein,

tnerben.

XIII.

XIV.

XV. XVI. XVII.

Conjugation of Modal Auxiliaries. Conjugation of Weak Verbs: Active and Passive. Conjugation of Reflexive Verbs.

Weak Verbs. Compound Verbs: Inseparable,

Irregular

Separable (Varia-

ble).

XVIII.

Conjugation of Strong Verbs and List of Strong Verbs. 143

beginners' GERMAN

144

Declension of the Definite

I.

Article.

Singular MASCULINE

Plural

NEUTER

FEMININE

Norn,

ber

bic

ba^

bie

Gen.

be^

ber

be^

ber

DaL

bem

ber

bent

ben

Ace.

ben

bie

ba^

bie

®er-woRDs Like

ber, bie,

ia§ are declined:

biefer, biefe, bief e^^; fold^er, fold^e, fold^e^;

iener, jene, jeue^;

mand^er, mand^e, manci^e^;

tDeld^er, meld^e, meld^e^; jeber, jebe, jebe^

(Plural: alle).

Declension of the Indefinite Article.

II.

Singular MASCULINE

Plurai^

NEUTER

FEMININE

Nom.

eitt

eine

ein

Gen.

eine^

einer

eine^

(einiger)

DaL

einem

einer

einem

(einigen)

Ace.

einen

eine

ein

(einige)

(eintge)

@tn-WORDS Like

ettl,

eine, ein are declined:

fein, feine, fein

mem, meme, mem

unfer, unf(e)re, unfer

bein, beine, bein

euer, eure, ener

(fein, feine, feln tf)r,

tf)re,

if)r

fein, feine, fein

if)r,

tf)re,

mx,

i^r

3^re, 3^r)

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

145

Declension of the Personal Pronouns.

III.

Singular 3d Person

2d Person

Person

ist

FEMININE NEUTER

MASCULINE

Nom.

ic^

bu

er

fie

Gen,

meiner

beiner

feiner

tl)rer

feiner

Dat.

mir

bir

tf)Tn

tf)r

tfim

Ace,

mid^

x^n

fie

e8

c§

Plural ist

IV.

V.

Person

2d Person

3d Person

Nom

tnir

i^r

fie

(@te)

Gen,

unfer

euer

ifirer

mxtt)

Dat.

wn^

t\x6)

if)nen

mntn)

Ace,

un^

eud^

fie

(®te)

Declension

Pronouns.

of the Interrogative

Nom,

\dtx

Gen,

tDeffen

Dat,

tDem

Ace,

iDen

ma^

tDa^

Declension of the Relative Pronouns. Plural

Singular MASCULINE

FEMININE

NEUTER

N.

ber, meld^er

bie, n)eld^e

ba^, tneld^e^

bie, n)eld^e

G,

beffcn

beren

beffen

beren

D. A.

bent, tt)el(^em

ber, tDeld&er

bent, meld^em

benen, tneld^en

ben, tnetd^en

bte, tDeld^e

ba6, meld^e^

bie, tDeld^e

BEGINNERS GERMAN

146 VI.

Declension A,

WEAK:

of

Nouns. ^

the -n declension.

(iVo

Umlaut

in Plural.)

Singular

Nom,

bie gran, bie Sefirerin

Gen,

ber grau, ber Se^rerin

Dat,

ber gran, ber ?ef)rerin

Ace.

bie

%xau,

bet ^nabc, bcr 9Kenfd&

bcm Snaben, bcm

9JJcnfd^cn

ben ^naben, ben 2Kcnfci^cn

bie Se{)rerin

P/wm;

Nom,

bie granett, bie ?ef)rerinnen

bic

Gen,

ber granen, ber ?e^rerinnen

ber ^naben, ber 9}Zen[c^en

Dat,

ben granen, ben ?e{)rerinnen

ben ^naben, ben 2Wenfd§en

Ace.

bie

granen,

bie Se{)rerinnen

B.

^naben,

^naben,

bie

btc 2)?enfd^cn

bie SDtenfd^en

STRONG

First Class: the No-ending

class.

Singular

Nom,

ber SBatcr, bcr SBogel

bie ay^utter, bie 2:od^ter

U^

Gen,

bc« 33ater^, bc^ S3ogcI§

ber 9}^ntter, ber .totter

beg SJJabd^en)^

Dat.

bem

ber ajiutter, ber 2:o(^ter

bem

Ace.

ben 53ater, ben 5Sogel

bie aJJutter, bie 2:od^ter

bag DJ^abc^en

Nom.

bic IBatcr, bie ^So^el

bie

Gen.

ber Skater, ber SSogel

ber abutter, ber

Dat.

ben S3atern, htn SBogeln

ben

Ace.

bie 5$ater, bie 3SoseI

bie SD^iitter, bie ^iic^ter

3Satcr,

bem

53ogeI

9D?ab(ftcn

gjJabd^en

Plural muiitx,

bie

9)iiittern,

Second Class: the -c

2;d*ter

bie 9}?fibd6en

%o^itx

ber SDlabc^en

ben ^od^tern

ben ajJabd^en bie

imabd^en

class.

Singular

§anb §anb ber §anb bie §anb

Nom,

bet 3«^tx, ber 2:ag

bie

ba^ Sal^r

Ge/j.

be^ B^J^ne^, be^ Jagei^

ber

be^ ^cA}Xt^

Dat,

bem

Ace,

ben 3^f)n, ben Jag

S(^f)^(0. i>^^ 2:a9(e)

1

Nouns

are to be found in the vocabulary.

bem 3of)^(0 ba^ 3af)r

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

147

Plural

Xa^t Sage

Norn,

bie ^cAjXit, bie

Gew.

ber S>^i)nt, ber

Dat.

ben 3tif)ncn, ben ^^agcti

Ace.

bie S>'&^m, bie

bic

bic 3af)re

^anbe htn ^anben bie ^anbe

Jage

Third Class: the -er

©finbc

ber ^al^re

bcr

class {always

Umlaut

ben 3a{)rcn bie 3af)re

in Plural).

Singular Norn,

ba^ S3ud^

ber ayjann

Gen,

be^ 93ud&e^

be^

Dat.

bem

bem 9Kann(e)

Ace.

ba^

93u(^(e)

aWannc^

ben ajJann

$iVid)

Plural Norn.

bie S3ud&er

bie ayjanner

Gen.

ber Siid^er

ber aWanner

Dat.

ben Sild^em

ben

Ace.

bie Slicker

bie aWiinner

C.

aWannem

MIXED DECLENSION Singular

®taat

O^r

Norn,

ber

Gen.

be^ ©taate^

be^ Slngej^, be6

O^re^

Da/.

bem ®taat(e)

bem

Ol)r(e)

^cc.

ben ©taat

ba^ Singe, ba^ 0()r

ba^ Singe, ba^

Singe,

bem

Norn.

bie

©taaten

bie Slngen, bie Ofireit

Gen.

ber

©taaten

ber Slngen, ber £)l)vtn

Dat.

ben ©taaten

Ace.

bie

©taaten

ben Slngen, htn Ol^ren bie Slngen, bie

Oliren

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

I4« VII.

Declension A.

of Adjectives.

STRONG

(like the definite article).

Singular

Nom.

licber SSater

liebe %xavi

liebe^

Gen.

Itcbc^ (-en) SSater^

licbcr %xciVi

Iieben (-en)

DaL

liebetn SSater

lieber

Ace,

Iieben SSater

liebe

Nom.

liebe SSiiter

liebe

Gen.

lieber 3Sater

lieber

grauen

lieber

Dat.

Iieben

Iieben

grauen

Iieben

Ace.

liebe 3$ater

grau grau

tinb ^inbe^

liebem ^inb(e) Iieben

Sinb

Plural *

3Sdtem

liebe

B.

WEAK

grauen

grauen

(and

liebe

^inber

liebe

^inber

^inbem

^inber

MIXED)

Singular

Nom. Gen.

grau grau ber Iieben grau einer Iieben grau ber Iieben grau einer Iieben grau bie liebe grau eine liebe grau

ber Itcbc 5?atcr

bie liebe

ha^

cin liebcr 5Sater

eine liebe

ein liebe^

beg Iieben 5Sater6 etneg Iieben 5Sater0

Dat.

bem

Ace.

ben Iieben 53ater

Iieben 55atcr

einem Iieben 5Satcr

einen Iieben 5Sater

Plural

Nom.

Gen.

Dat.

..... bie

Iieben

.... Iicben

ber

f J

f

^ 55ater

J

^

1

linbem

heben

ben (f""'">

Ace.

3Sater

^.

,.

bie

Iieben

,

r

^ater «-

liebe

^inb tinb

beg Iieben ^inbeg cineg Iieben

bem

^inbeg

Iieben ^inb(e)

einem Iieben ^inb(e) t>a^ liebe

ein liebe)^

^inb

f inb

GRAMMATICAL TABLES Like bcr

licfic 2?ater, etc.,

are declined:

berjemge

biejienige

ba^iemge

berfelbe

biefclbc

ba^felbe

bicicnigen bie[elben

berTnein(iQ)c biemcin(i9)e ba^mcin(ig)e

Comparison

VIII.

of Adjectives

bie Tnciti(ig)cn, etc.

and Adverbs. Adverb

Adjective POSI-

COMPARA-

TIVE

TIVE

149

SUPERLATIVE

POSI-

COMPARA-

TIVE

TIVE

reid^

reic^er

ber reid^ftc

reid^

reid^er

arm

armcr

ber armftc

arm

armer

fait

falter

ber fdttefte

fait

falter

Jura

fiirger

ber fiiraefte

furj

filr^er

fiut

bcffer

ber befte

gut

beffer

Diet

(mc^r)

ber mei[te

Diet

mel^r

SUPERLATIVE

am am am am am am

reid^ften

armften fatteften fiir^eften

beften

meiften

Adjectives in the comparative or superlative are declined in the

manner

same

as adjectives in the positive degree.

For the English predicate superlative without

thCf

German

uses the

tttn-form.

IX.

Numerals. :

I

ein^

II

elf

2

3h3ei

12

StDOlf

3

brel

13

breigef)n

4

t)ier

14

tjter^elin

5

ftof

IS

fiinfselitt

6

fed^^

16

7

fieben

17

30 40

breiftig

50 60

Wstg \khm

fe(^sel)n

70 80

fieiis^f)n

90 neungig

8 ad^t

18 ac^tsel)n

9 neun

19 neun^el^n

3el)n

Cardinals

20 gmanaig

t)ieratg

fed^aig

ad^tstg

100 f)unbert

999 neun^unbert neunuubneunaig 1000 taufenb

beginners' GERMAN

ISO

Ordinals ist,

bcr crfte

nth,

2d,

bcr gmcitc

19th,

bcr ncunscl^nte

3d,

bcr brittc

20th,

bcr gman^igfte

4th,

bcr dicrte

2ist,

bcr cinunbatDansigfte

5th,

bcr fiinfte

30th, bcr

brcifetgfte

6th,

bcr

40th, bcr

t)icr^igfte

fcc^fte

bcr clftc

looth, bcr l^unbcrtfte

7th,

bcr ficb(cn)tc

8th,

bcr ad^tc

loist,

bcr f)unbcrtcrftc

9th,

bcr ncuntc

200th,

bcr 3tt)cif)unbcrtftc

loth,

X.

loooth, bcr taufcnbftc

bcr sc{)nte

Prepositions.

WITH DATIVE OR ACCUSATIVE

WITH THE

WITH THE

DATIVE

ACCUSATIVE

mit

burd^

m^

filr

auf

mcgcn

bet

ol^ne

f)intcr

trofe

Don

ficgcti

ncbcti

(an)[tatt

gu

urn

in

an

WITH THE GENITIVE h)df)rcnb

avL%

ilbcr

fett

untcr

aufeer

t)or

gmifd^cn

an bent

E.g.

3d^

XI.

Conjunctions.

ftcl^e

gcnftcr, abcr id^ gcl^c

an ba^

%tn\itx.

Coordinating

E.g.

unb

abcr

fonbem

ober

bcnn

(allcin)

SBir licfcn auf bie ©trafec, bcnn unfcr ?cf)rcr fo{)fcn.

\)aiit c6 be^

GRAMMATICAL TABLES The E.g.

Cf.

151

other conjunctions are subordinating

SBir licfcn auf bic ©trafec, tocit utifcr ?cf)rcr c^ befol^Icn

SBir

liefcn

auf bic ©trafec, bie noc^ gans nag \owc.

Subordinating a(^

bag

(bct)or) cf)C

fo

ba6

ob

n)at)renb

ate ob

tDeil

m

inbcm

obglcid^, obtoof)!

ba

nad^bcnt

feit,

bamit

fcitbcm

fobalb ate

tDcnn tDenngleic^ tt)ic

1

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GRAMMATICAL TABLES

163

o

JO

s

o ^

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o

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g I

S o

^^ Sis

1^ <:

o

;?;

o H I— Q o i-i

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fi

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^

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l-H

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H W

t-l

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^ 3^

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;z;

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M

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If o

^

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iz;

t g fi s

Q o

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;z;

fi

fi

B

fi

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H U H

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a

W P H

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<35

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o o o y:> M -f-»

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fi

jO JO Ph

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fi

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beginners' GERMAN

164

gffS|f!t fISi f! fi B.S^". Ills ^:s-t:s If ^^

;^

It

It

I

s

"^

ft -r -O

a o ••§

to

? H U W Ph « W PL,

H U W P^ «

W P^ P h) Pt,

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

1 65

^u <1>

^

s ^

s.

tn

I-?

.0 ,0

«- -^

1 JO

H ^,c^

g

sf

S

o o

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t"

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JO vO

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fi

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& S g £ B g h5

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<

H w

H w W

Ph rt

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cri

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tt=.

.0

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u

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^ S

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IS

w > M H W ^ ^

H CO <:

p^

f^

12;

;^

rt

O

lis

S

^ iH.

«-«-®

^^

4iy>

beginners' GERMAN

i66

XVI.

Irregular

Weak

Verbs. PRETERIT

INFINITIVE

PAST PARTiaPLE

brcnnen

branntc

gcbrannt

rennen

rannte

gerannt

lennen

fanntc

gefannt

nennen

nanntc

getiannt

fenben

fanbtc

gefanbt

toenbcn

tDanbte

getoanbt

bringen

brad^tc

gcbrad^t

betifen

bad^tc

gebac^t

tt)iffcn {x(S) tDcig)

mu^tc

gctDufet

i^o/e;

lennen

(Sic ben altcn

ift

3)?ann?

S^cln, id^ ferine i{)n nlc|t, aber id^ toeife, too er too^nt*

XVII.

Compound Verbs. Inseparable

I.

Verbs compounded with one of the

six

be-

cut-

er-

ge-

t)er-

ser-

are conjugated like the simple verbs. is

wwaccented prefixes:

But the

past participle

without the augment ge-» Cf. Verbs in -icrcn (tnarfd^iercn, marfd^iertc, matfd^iert)^ Note:

ent-

becomes cmp-

in: cmpfangcn, cmpfcl^Icn, empfinben.

II.

The

prefix is

Separable

a part of speech and

Present — mad^e Preterit — bu Future — x&j

bie 2:ilr

is accented.

p.

mad^teft bic 2^ilr gu^

cr tDtrb bie Xvlx jumad^etu

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

—

1 67

Perfect mir f)a6cn bic 2:iircti gugcmad^t^ Pluperfect tf)r f)attct bie 2^ilren gugemad^t^ Perf. Cond. fie Mrbeti bie Xiiren gugemad^t Note:

— —

211^ id^ bte Jilr jumacl^te,

III.

The

f)ahtru

ging cr fort»

Varlvble

particles: imtti, nbtt, unter,

um

unb

tuieber

are either separable, accented, or inseparable, unaccented. E.g.

separable ilber[efeen f fet

6

] i

^

^

^^ ^^'*^''^

iiberVfeJt

J

inseparable liberfefeen

^^^^

ii&

f fef

K

^

translate

i

^'^^^^^ ilberfefet' J

C^^^^^^^*^^

^^^^^g)

H1

beginners' GERMAN

1 68

o

3

5=i

w > H U

^c^

p: .-*-*

fi

—

^^

>^

"2

Zj

G»

:«

«->

1—

g O

1

1 vc* «k>

--»

PI

55

§ c

r*->

^,,—s^

Io I I I p:

PQ

p:

g o is *

p:

ri

o

o p

*

f2 1^

»

i =g I

pt -Si

C/3

cfi

^

pT

B

I

r§^

rg"

-2
> to

-W

> H < U P

1 2

1

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vi

1 i

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p:

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^ VQ

^3;

p:

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p:

^o

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^

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S

H

H O W Ph

H O W ^ P<

w

p^

P!{

t:^

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1

GRAMMATICAL TABLES

169

o

g

>o

,

u ti a>

i o

1

iz;

2 H g ^ I—

S

s£3-

f5

p:

1 > H S

u

S

fS

t5 «>

c»

i S

p; 1

^s3-

^

Participle

H-l .RTICIPLE

PJI

M Ph

vO J->

1 -* «j:>

«

^c^

1—

w > M H M

1—

H

H

J2;

<;

P

ESEN

ST

^

hH

w

rt

<

PL,

Ph

Ph

hH

Q iz;

u .

I ;z;

H i Q ^13-

>

1=^

;z;

^

U *

H

*

]?r

H

1

1^

g W Ph

w e H tD

fe

W

^ f3

^

Ph

!§

<; rt

ss

pi^

^ 1^ h-i

1 S

pt

«

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

lyo

List of Strong

Prkterit

Infinitive

bake

barfeti,

buf,

(biicft)

command

befcWen,

Verbs

(bcficl^It)

Past Participle

hadk

gcbadfen

befall

befof)lcn

htqinntn, begin

begann

begonnen

beiften, bite

bl6

gebiffen

bend

bog

gebogen

hitttn, offer

bot

geboten

binbcn, bind

banb

gebunben

beg blofcn, blow (blcift) bleiben, remain

hat

gebeten

blieg

bratcn, roast (briit)

brict

hitqtn,

bitten,

break

brcd^cn,

gebrod^en tft

gebruttgen

(cmp*

empfoWen

entpfal^l

ftcf)It)

become frightened erfd^raf

(crfc^ricft)

eat

gebliebcn

gebratcn

brang

recommend

crfc^rcdfcn,

cffcn,

tft

brad^

(brid^t)

bringcn, press emiJfc^'Icn,

geblafen

blieb

tft

a6

(igt)

erfd^rorfen

gcgcffcn

Mr

ift

fatten, fall (fallt)

fiel

ift

fangen, catch (fangt)

fing

gefangcn

fe«ten, fight

mt

gefod^ten

foftrcn,

drive

(faf)rt)

(fid^t)

finben, find

fanb

Piemen, fly

P09

fiteften,

flow

freffcn,

eat (of animals)

(frtfet)

frieren, freeze

gefaUen

gcfunbcn ift

m m

fiteften, flee

gefaf)ren

geflogen

tft

gcf(oJen

ift

gefloffen

fra6

gcfrcffen

fror

gefroren

gebdren, give birth to (geblcrt)

gcbar

geboren

gebcn, give (gtbt)

gab

gegeben

getien,

go

fitng

geUngen, succeed geltcn,

be worth

(e6 gellnfit (gilt)

gencfen, recover geniefeen,

gcfdje^en,

happen

giegen,

pour

ei^

gelang

tft

t^

ift

ift

genog (^t\d)it^t)

gefd^a^

gemann

m

gegangcn gelungen gegolten

gait

genaS

enjoy

getoinnen, gain

mir)

genefen

genoffen ift

gefd^e!)cn

getDonncn gegoffeu

GRAMMATICAL TABLES Past Participle

Preterit

Infinitive gtetc^en,

resemble

171

gcgli(^cn

glid^

geglittcn

qltittn, glide

filitt

grabcn, dig

grub

gcgrabcn

fitiff

gegriffcn

(griibt)

grcifen, seize

hold

fatten,

(intrans.) (^iingt)

hew, strike

liauctl,

m

gc^olfcn

(lauft)

Icibcn, suffer leiftcij,

Icfcn,

ift

fvoii)

m

ift

lief

ift

(lieft)

a measure

liigcn, lie (tell

lie)

tncffcn,

(ntlfet)

take (nimmt)

gefommcn gefroc^en

gelabcn

m

gclaffen

gelaufcn gelittcn

litt

lie

nelftmcn/

fam

m m

lend

read

Ikqtn,

gcftungen

flang

(Ittfet)

run

gel^oben gc^cifeen

creep

(affcn, let

(^ub)

6alf

labcn, invite, load (labct, ISbt)

laufctt,

Qe()angen (f»/r. fl»<^ /rj gcf)aucn

mn)

fommcn, come friecftcn,

tr.)

6ie6

sound

fUngcti,

.

be called

tftx^tn, call,

help

5lng (m^f a»
fithtn, hft

icifcR,

gcl^atten

^tclt

(^alt)

hang

ftangcn,

ift

gcKcl^cn gelcfen

lag

gelcgcn

log

gclogen

tnafe

gcmcffen

nalfiTn

gcnommcn gepflffen

:|jfcifcn,

whistle

Pfiff

iprcifcn,

praise

^ric3

gcpricfen

rtct

gcratcti

gcricben

ratcn, advise

(x'dt)

ttihtn,

rub

rlcb

rctften,

tear

rife

rctten, ride

ritt

gcriffcn ift

gcrittcn

deepen, smell

ro*

tufcn, call

rtef

gcrufcn

(fttuft) foff

gefoffcn

f aufcn,

drink (of animals)

fc^iaffcn,

create

f«uf

fd^cibcn,

part

fd^ieb

ft^icincn, f(^icttcn,

seem scold

gcfc^affcn (f^at) ift

(fd^Iaft)

Mlagcn, strike (fd^Icifit) fd^leid^en, sneak

gcfd^icbcn

gcfd^icncn

f(§icn (fc^irt)

Miefecn, shoot

Mlafcn, sleep

gerod^cn

f^art

gefd^oltcn

mi

gcfd^offcn

ft^tief

gcfd^Iafcn

mm \m^

gcfd^Iagcn ift

gefd^Ud^cn

BEGINKERS GERMAN

172 iNFINmVE

f«Io6

melt

gcfd^loffen

f^Iang

frfflingcn, sling

fcfimclscn,

Past Participle

Preterit

shut

fcfiltcftcn,

(fc^milgt)

fci^inolg

gefc^Iungen ft at)

ift

gefc^TTtoIacn

fd^ncibcn, cut

fd^nitt

gefc^nittcn

fddrcibcn, write

\di)xith

gefd^riebcn

cry

fd^retcn,

fc^rcUen, stride fctfttjcigcn,

fc^toingcn, fd^hJiircn,

Men,

see

fd^ritt

be silent

swim

frfltoimmcn, f(^tt)tnbcn,

vanish

swing swear

ift

fd^mieg

fd^njamm

ift

ift

gefd^tDommcn gefd^hjunben

gefc^tDungcn

fd^toang

(ficf)t)

gef(|ritten

gcfd^tDlcgcn

fd^hjanb

fd^lDur/fd^toor

gefd^tDoren

fa6

gefer)cn

fmgcn, sing

fang

sink

fonf

finfen,

gefc^rieen

fd^ric

gefungen ift

gefun!cn

finncn, think

fann

gcfonnen

fi^cn, sit

fag

gcfeffen

f^inncn, spin

fpatrn

gefponnen

speak (fprid^t) fpric^cn, sprout

fprad^

gefproc^en

fproS

fpdngcti, spring

fprang

ipttti^cn,

ftcd)cii,

prick

ftcftcn,

stand

Wlcn,

steal

ftcigcn,

climb,

(ftid^t)

(ftic{)It)

mount

ftcrbcn, die (ftirbt)

push

ftofecn,

geftof)Icn

fticg

ift

ftar{»

ift

geftorbeit

geftric^en

ftrkt

geftritten

trug

getragen

trof

getroffen

(triigt)

meet

(trifft)

getriebcn

trieb (trltt)

drink

trat

ift

m

(tut)

bcrbarb

getan ift

]^at

toergcffcn,

forget

(derglfet)

t)crlicrcn, lose

grow

toud^d

Derborben {intrans. t)crborbcn {trans.) bcrgeffen

toergaS

berlorcn

Dcrlor (toftd^ft)

getreten

gctrunfen

tratif

Ucrbcrficn, ruin, spoil (bcrbtrbt)

toac^fcn,

gcftiegen

ftrtd&

tread

do

geftanbcn

»l

stroke

ixtxhcn, drive

tun,

geftoc^en

ftanb

contend

treffcn, hit,

trinfcn,

ftad^

geftogcn

(ftoBt)

tragcn, carry

trctctt,

gcfprungcn

ftiefe

ftrcidficn,

fttcitcn,

gefproffen ift

ift

gcmad^fen

GRAMMATICAL TABLES Infinitive toaf(^icn, ttjciddcn, tticifcn,

hjcrfcn,

njtcgcn,

wash

(mafd^t)

yield

fiemafd^cn ift

h)te«

(mirft)

§ct^cn, accuse jicftcn,

Past Participle

JDUfd^ toiii)

show throw weigh

Preterit

draw; move

fictDid^cn fietuiefen

toarf

ficmorfen

h)OQ

QCtDOQCn

Sie^

aog

fieaic^en ift

fidt

jttiingcn, force

173

S^ang

fiegogen (intrans.)

fiegOQcn (trans.)

gcstDungen

ABSTRACT OF GERMAN GRAMMAR ^otrmenteljtre Sllte

Sorter,

btc faniugictt hjcrbcn fonncn, l^cigcn

SScrBa

(SdU

tobxiev).

SlKc SBorter, bie bclfintett iDcrben fonncn, tictgen Slpmtna,

@^

gibt Tnel)rcre Slrtcn bcr S^omina:
©ubftantit)a (§auptti3ortcr.

&.

^ronoTttina (giirtnorter)

c.

Slrtifel,

d.

§lbie!tit)a

e.

9luTncraIia (^a^I^ortcr).

®ro5

fd^reiben!)

befttmmt unb unbeftimmt

SBorter, bic nid^t [(eftiert toerben fonncn, finb: a.

Slbdcrbia

b,

^rdpofitionen

c,

Soniunftioncn

d. 3ntcricftioncn»

I.

A, eg

Qibt

gcmmimum B, gg

^ie S)cHinattan

3 ©encra (®cf d^Icc^ter) ma^Mimm (manntid^), unb ^leutrum (fcid^Ud^)* :

(tDeiblid^)

gibt

2 9tumcri

(3af)Icn):

©ingular (gmgaf)!) unb plural

(9Wef)rsaI)l),

gg

4 ^afug

3)atit)

unb

Tlan unterfc^eibet 2 Slrten bcr ©ubftantitJ^^Deflination: unb bic fd^tDac^c ©enination.

btc

C,

gtbt

(Satte): 9^ominatit),

©enitb,

Slffufatb,

ftarfc

S^ to5rtcr

Qibt aud& cine fogenanntc gcmifd^tc ®efiination»

unb ©tQcnnamen

finb befonbcr^

174

p

berixdEfid^tigen^

gremb^s

ABSTRACT OF GERMAN GRAMMAR

1,

1

75

^erfonalprottomina (baju 5KcfIejit)t)ronoTncn)

2, ^offcfftDpronomina 3, ©CTuonftratidpronomina

4, 9JeIatit)pronoTntna 5* 3ntcrro0atit)pronomina

6* 3^nbcfinitpronomma.

^cWinatton bcr

Sebe^ attrtbutidc ben*

SDa^ ate

2lbj[eftit)

fann

Stbicfttuc

ftarf

unb fd^mad^ bcflmiert

tott^

^iprdbifat gcbraud^te Slbjefttt) ift flcjion^Io^*

^om^iaration (Stcigcrung)

OuaIttatit)c Slbbcrbtcn

t>t^

a.

^ofitid

b.

^omparatit)

c.

©upcrlatb*

f onnen

%^ttixt)§

aud^ fompariert (gcfteigcrt) tDerbcn*

^cflination ber 9lumcralia (3ft^ltoBrtcr)

Sic

3<Jf)too^tcr gerfallcn in Sarbinalia

nnb Orbinalta*

Seijtcrc

iDcrbcn n)ic bic 2lbieftit)c befltniert,

^rapoftttonett Sllte ed^tcn ^^rftpofttioncn

regtcren ben !Sattt) ober ben Slffufatit).

Uned^tc "ipriipofitionen f)aben ben ©enitiD bei \i^.

n. ^tc A. e^ B. ©^ plural

gibt gibt

3 ^erfonen

2

^anjugatlott

(erfte

^lunteri

(Wlt\)Xiaf)l) (ift ie ein

^erfon uftoO*

(3cif)Ien):

Slumeru^)*

©ingular

(Sinjal^I)

unb

BEGINNERS' 'GERMAN

176 C. g^

fitbt

6 Jempora (3eiten):

^riifen^

ctn

(ift

Jempu^)

Qntperfeft

guturum (!) ^erfeft

^lu^quamperfeft

guturum D. g^

gibt

II*

2 ©enera Dcrbi (3u[tanb6fortnen):

Hftit) (ift eiti

®enu^

t)erbi)

unb

^affit).

£. g^Gibt3$mobi(au^fa9cfonncn): ^nbifatit)

(ift

ein

9»obu^)

^oniunftit)

3^peratit); fotnie 3nfinitit)

ttod^ bie infiniten

•iPartisipiuTn (be^ *iprafen^

SWan fd^tnad^e

g^

Soniugation.

^crfeft^),

(S^ gibt alfo ftarfe

unb

unb

bic

fd^tuad^e 33erben.

Qibt au(^ eine fogenannte gentifd^te ^oniugation*

SSorfilben, bie

@^ unb

unb be^

unterfd^eibet gVDei Slrten bcr ^onjuQation: bie ftarfc

ajfan unterfd^eibet aud^

mit

SSerbatformcn:

unb

gibt

Dom

^ontpofita

(jufammengefe^te 3Serben)

SSerb teil^ untrennbar, teil^ trennbarftnb.

femer §ilf^t)erben, fomie ntobale §ilf^derben,

reftejide

unperfonTid^e S!5erben»

Wovtbxlbnn$sUi(vc Sluf gnjeierlei SBeife tDerben

au^ ben

©tammen

neue SBorter ge^

bilbet: 1.

®urd^ 93eranberung ber

2. S)urd^ ©rineiterung ber

33ofaIe in ben ©tantmfilben;

©tammftlben:

a.

burd^ ©uffije

b,

burd&

"iUrafije.

ABSTRACT OF GERMAN GRAMMAR Slufecr

c6 aud^

ben

©ufftjen unb

trtit

^liftt'^'nTenfe^ungcn

*iPraftjen gcbilbcten

bon

felbftcinbioen

1 77

SBortcm

gibt

SBortern (Seftim^

muixQ^iDort unb ©runbmort)*

^cr

I.

3cber 9la(^

®a^ bem

entl^alt cin

3nl)alt

teilt

einfad^c

®a^

©ubjeft unb ein ^riibifat

man

bie

©a^e

ein in:

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F

i

-fV=v^ -#-^

:g=

=i=r ?uft

^er

l^at, *

mit

(Sor

gc, tnof)! burd^

0*bcm

frtW

fo

-t^^t-

gen

=

ba6

gu

tie -

fc

2:al!

in

bie

58ruft,

_-|fI2i-_-f--

#:

Stt

:>i=N:;

fe

93ur»[c^en=luft!

-N/^ K

ber

F-!

©onmen^ftra^f,

len

itS^

ia^^ rba

S8au»ine fd^Iosgen au8,

bie

ouf

Iii^=it

#-

fit

«tcr*=i

:^ I

2Btc bie SSol^fcn

bort h)an=bern

am

OueMen

cr * flin^Qen,

bie

!Die

1)a

fin

^

^.=E^ ^ES^i^

'

get

uttb

-g-^-g-

{auc^^get

il

l^ttnm

^

It

*

fd^en

^aume = rau=fc^en

ba^ ^er^

jum §lm=mel^ -fi-

=f^

-ti-

3elt,

oH; = jelt:

^-

—

^

1

SONGS

189

^

»»/

i

EE^

I4^g^r=i=

:g:

I

I

fte^t aud^

fo

mir

ber

©inn

in

loie

'nc

8er

d^e

fo

fd^on,

metn ^crj

ift

SBte

bu bo(|

bift

^•—

bte

h)et = te,

unb ftim= met bu Wei = tc,

I

^^-ir~^~^ *=:ti

:S

=

A m-P

/

:#!

H

rfYM* ^"^

J ^

•

menn ^eut

r

e« *

grau

fd^e

*

len

^i

*

nig

I

^a

*

nac6

r«V /i ¥^-, *

S p

= feit

1

i

fh U

1

•

•

i

J =

ber

al

unb

2:rut

*

sc

brii

^

ber

en,

beut

* fd^e

2:reu

*

e,

beut

=

fd)er

be

grei

le

ftre

un^

al

f-

^

=

1

l)al

^^

leg,

ten

* :=

*

m r

k

L

brii

--

ber

'

f

1

["

1

F 1

mf

S

^^=t=t-

^^E±

r

al

^

gu

lic^

in

leg -

fam

ber *

SBelt,

men

- l^alt,

(Sang

unb

beut

*

fd^er

al

ten

fd^o

^

nen ^lang, /

* fd^e

33a

*

li£^mi^©ers

^^P^

ber

ung

i\x

an

bie

1

ter = lanb! \

^.

unb ^anbl) ^'

f^F

SD^aagbig

>

SBein *

Don

eb

.

^

"^^

^

1

1

'

1

1

....

'

1

1

bag

s

1

1

*

ren

*

fiir

ben

-

ber

:=

il)

f)eit

-f-

i

k

"

u

*

ii

unb

1

^

*

©cJ^uij

SBelt

L p

1

lij ^

gn

dlt^t

m

beut

i

t

ber

-f-

1

sasciti

p""^

unb

lafet

•

'

*

in

fol

r

^/ ^. ^-^b T'

ftet^

1 *

-] J f

^eutfd^ * lanb, ^cutf(!^4anb

r

I

2

—

— — — — —r^——h-^* 1

J 8

1

-4 i^ 5 8

rtei = te

3ofep6 $asl)n, 1732-1809.

4

^

tnit

1-^

Hoffmann Don SoUetSIebtn. aWttBig lonofom.

cin

2Belt.

te

lt)et »

^ .^ ^''^

1-

*

ler

c

^^^

^at cv^

^^

be *

^^*^ ""^

GERMAN

BEGTNNERS'

I go

^ ^

U M

^F

SD?c *

mcl,

t)on

get

ftcrn

un

*

grei

'^

*

finb

f)eit

ber

(gtf(i^

fer

gan

be«

©Ilif

* -

SQdt ©cutf$*lanb,

bi«

an

sc^

!2c

*

ben

lang.

feS

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*

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pfanb.

ben

^ -^

=£:

lt

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^ 5M

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gran ®Ian

ii

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ber

-€-:

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ber

at

==

fc^er

SBein unb

i)e,

beut-fd^e^ 5Sa*ter* lanb!

en,

beuHc^c

2:reu^e,

-

ae

bie^fe^

©(ttf-feg, blii

^m

i

beut

Ie«,

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I

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=

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ili

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le^

in

ber

SBelt!

beuHc^^er

©ang!

m

i r='=F aBanbrcr^ 5Wa(3&tUeb tJricbr.

Sangfam unb

^^

:^kfea

i ^

^IE

:^ •=^

^^=* -s^ il

^^lau.

eetragcn.

--

ber ol

=^

»

len

®i»)

TT »

fe(n ift

S^

*

^

-^ SRul^;

in

#^=5:

a\

--

J

_^

Icn ffitp»feln

^^

^ SONGS

u^=^^t

i^

fe^

!fe^gfc=g

bu

reft

fci

^

fc^

fcr

¥

J

'

ncn

^auc^; bic

55 og

Icin fd^tDci^gcn

-

im ^#-

^^t

=p=^^

:^

—

^= aBoI=be.

IS

=

=^-

?4?

^*^-^-k^-

if

rr*

fpil

i 5

191

»

S33or

K

1

i w^=»-^-

=

te

W(

nur,

hjor

V be

^3t rufift

bu

aud^.

SiS Hl=r

nur,

te

bal

=

be,

h"

=4=^

bal

«

SSBot

^

= te

^^

nur,

tear

= te

nur.

^ri^i-

^

P ^^Eg^te ^SE ^

^^

nV.

-•-#-

bal

*

be,

bal

*

be ruf)ft

bu

aud^,

i bal

*

be

bu

rul^ft

PP

aud^.

rit.

^fe^^ m?3.

i bal

•

be

ruMt bu

aud^.

—

U

GERMAN

BEGINNERS'

192

Set fto^e SBanbcr^mann,

I

gttr gcmifd^tcn (Sl^or 3fofe*)'&

gelif 2KcnbcI«fo]&n»S3Qrt^oIb^, 1809-1847.

»on (gic^nborff.

2:onf.

53 1.

2.

-K -*t-^

SlBcm ®ott

^^ «s n

it

/y ^M-# Wf\ *^ tt

v^>

1—

FV-al

4^ ^

*-^-

®unft

cr

^cr

gen

^

*

r^ I

*

h)ei

*

fprin

fen,

ben

gen,

bie

.

?cr*d^cn fd^tDirs

-.-^t

dl:

I^E

t

N P ^

5

N jk.

1

••

1

h)ei

*

tc

^ J

p^

J

-

/J

-5-

-|»

r

-5-

SScIt,

bcm

tt)it{

cr

guft:

h)a^

fottt'

ic§

-^

-«-

rcn

»L

p

,^

t.«i

^ J

J 2

»•

p

-

fci *

nc

^9—U_— If

r u

r b

!

1

1

U-J

^!:

,-B

—

8 if p r ' _4.-j

'

1_

fet

=

nlc^t

Ml

i^

=

-^-^-ih

i

.

r

r b ^

*

^

bcm

fin * gen, tDa^

=3

tDilt

cr

f oHt'

ic^ nid^t

fci ^

nc

mit

=P=fc

ncn

1^ m

'

\j V

-\

fj ^

ber

ncn

—

^-

I

SBun = ber mei {{) =

'

bcr

* *

>• m

'

-

•

•

i()

—-^

!

fV iDci * fen,

^s^

nc 9Sun

mit

-^.

r ^

r ^

1^

# J

SBun

nic^tmit

•

^^'tt

in

cr

[deleft

cr5.9.

v^ J •^

bic

*

pv~\

3=^

^

n)i(( red^

= tc

53ac]&4ein t)on ben

!Die

/i

.

—

1^

ii«^t

i

bon ©cring.

nen

^

=

fen

fin = gen

-^

V

^

in SBerg

ou8 O"!

--

unb \tx

i \

SONGS

#

n

^ WK

tt *^i^

V Ur

im Ks\)

^jt

1 ^

fy

^

»

^

aSalb,

in

^c^I,

au6

^

P r

\

L/'^

^ (^

P

'

,

'^

1 "

^1

'W'

^

1

^

'

•

^

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1

1

SBalb

Icr

.

."

m •#

«• p*

•

ir

!

%' 9 # . .

1

\

#^

2BaIb

uub ®trom unb

^Cf)I

unb

- fd^cr

Hi

^i

:M: EE gclb,

bem

tolH

er

fci

SBruft, tuaS foUt' ic^

^

fri

^-

^-

it^- -^

f

nic^t

ne

=

Wei

Sffiun»ber

ntlt

iJ) =

nen

^

«> t.r

ffi

Ml

ff Piu

i i

i ^ef)l

in SBerg

fen

6«n ""^ "ol

=t=fc

:fc:5f=

SEBalb

«

fin =

unb ©tront unb gelb* unbV cfn •

*

f^

^ ^ p

Wal^ten;

^ p

fxr,

ctt

f(|cr

SBruft?

„

^cn

^

r-— .

..

he

*

/u x^

ben @ott

^

Piii Zgn^o

S3ac^

a tempo.

= lein, .

^ y

t

lafe

^

'^

i^

nur

'

ritard

mh^^

^^

-V=l\2

ivitard

-r* -.

3,

lento

a tempo

ber

unb

» '^'^

J. ^tt^-lhz%

::f

J^

=&=^

^ 8er=d^cn,aBaIbunb

^

gelb

B5^^ >[BT=pp>3;:f^t^

|

K'

d «#

^::

^^•tt it ^•ftu.^

i

»

tool

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.

unb

S3erg

N

•^

^ •s

193

unb

1

—— +

ores.

M:

i

GERMAN

BEGINNERS'

194

llz

J

*M

^i*

«*-

'^ti=f

-^r^F-r^^ I

(Exh*

m

unb ^immct

*

II

i

cr

^=^=^

|_

k U

h)itt

^

*

b

'k-

aud^ mcin' <Sad&'

n

5ES

b

!•

y ::ttt

-tt

*

ten, ()at

/2

If

1

'

^

•

^

«L ^ • (

^ j^' ^' 1

^'

(Sad^' auf6 bcff

-tt

If

—

tl-,.*r

%

i:^

j^

I

aud^ tncin^ (Sa(5',

-#-+-

it

i

unb §immcl

^-^

P

/I/

;^

'^l

Vn ^J^ J ^^ ex uij** h* vT

^J»

(Srb'

l^t

y ^

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p

unb

3^

^:^--£

f)al

^

ten,

tt

Ji.

li^

i

f)al *

^

Mm C

S

«

cr

toltt

i

J^.

n #r j^

K

• 6c

J

!/

- // J a i

j^

A N

•

J

p

p

J P 1

!-W

J

^^

ten, ()at

^ jL'

!^

jL

W •

f •

« J

J *

ntcl

n)ia

cr

dm

u

^Im

J

J

r V

r

k

aud& mcln' ©ad^' auf# Bcff

*

Li

—U— M

?5^ =*^j^TirV^n^ fial *

au(5 mcin'

,

unb

£)cr (Srb'

1

^

N

J

.

ftcKt!

1-5=^

^ jL

-• -

f)at

-:-

'

1

^

*

U 4fL r ^r 1^

\/

r-r

be*fteHt, Jat aud^ mcin'

-^=+-

:fe=t=

=P

»

SONGS

m

1

©ad^^ aufg

beft^

i A

-J:

3ofcp^ bon

^

fe^r:fz

fd^idt

^

cr

SBun^ber

^3t

•

—

s-

9

njtU

red^ »

te

g;

r

r:

g

r

®unft

bon iKartc

in

^

ftctit!

:>

SWacSonncII.

^

:t:

=

ben

fen,

:

pr~n^i N-

-1^—

^

bic

Juei

*

tc

^

i

f

*=f fen

in

r^=h

N-

toiU

u

s -ft

toet *

htm

S3ScIt,

J .J

=t=t=

m^

i5.

-gj-

er = Xm.

g

ftcCtl

£ ia

#•=—»-

^

-

ht

F^

—^-

^3:3 Vl

^

-#

r^—r

^

*"

L

2:onf.

®ott

^ i

tncin' ®ad&' auf« bcft^

ftellt,

J^

^

aScm

>

*

(glci^cnborff.

*=*

^

be

be

6cft^

^m

T'/r

-'.-rr

^^ i

aur«

auf'« beft% -f-

cr

^—

^—^-i

T ^^"3

fel

*

m ^

N

ne

^

u 4-

i

Serg unb SBoIb unb ©trom unb gelb

-*--4^

i^

i

VOCABULARY Explanations. gender of the nouns

—

which is extensive on account of the inand poems words will be found in alphabetical order. The indicated by the preceding article, and the endings of the genitive sing-

In the following vocabulary

—

clusion of the additional reading is

and the nominative plural follow in parentheses. The principal parts of the strong verbs given, and in case of strong verbs which change the vowel in the second and third person

ular are

singular of the present tense, the third person singular

change.

In case of verbs which take

fein

given to indicate this root-vowel

is

as an auxiliary, the fact

is

indicated in the principal

parts.

abbicrcn, to add.

ab,

away.

off,

bie 5(bbttion (-, -en),

ba^ 5(bcnbcffcn (-^, -), supper.

hit 5(bcr (-, -n), vein.

evening

bcr 5(^enbfonncttfrf|citt (-§),

sunshine

a^gcl^cn (ging ah,

go

tft

abgcgangcn), to

final

German

of the

att

er,

aSein, adj.

ift

descent,

attmai^Urfl, ot)^,

abgeftiegen), to

ah;

tread

^ahm and

trat

ah,

aft,

fein),

(er

abgetreten),

to

to retire; an ben ^aifer

up

abtticfcnb,

—

,

e6),

all,

entire,

and

adv.^ alone; conj.j

everywhere. gradually.

as; than;

when; but.

old; bie 5llten, the aged.

ba^ TOcr (-^, -), age.

am = an

to relinquish, resign;

off;

e,

alfo, so, thus, therefore.

descend, dismount. ahtttitn {aux.

— —

only, but.

parentage; derivation.

yield

—

attcrtoegen,

oftftetgcn (ftieg ob,

trltt

(

thing.

higher schools.

(-, -en),

accusative

-e),

whole, each, everybody, every-

a candiexamination

part.

5(bftatnmung

ear of corn.

(-^,

(case).

aBrcifcn (aux. fein), to set out, de-

bie

(-, -n),

ber 5(ffufattl>

ber 5l]6ituricnt (-en, -en),

date for the

S^re

bie

depart.

off, start,

addition.

al^nUi^, similar, like, resembling.

(light).

however.

ahttf but,

good-by.

abicu, adieu, farewell,

ber 3(Bcnb (-«, -c), evening.

bent,

amcrifanifd^, adj.,

to

to the emperor.

absent.

American.

ha^

%mi

(-e^, -^er), office, position.

an

{dat.

or ace), at, on, by, to,

near, in, upon.

ad^, alas, ah.

ber ^nlbeginn (-e^), earliest begin-

bie S((^fct (-, -n),

a^i, eight;

ac^te,

hk ^c^tung

(-),

shoulder.

ning.

eighth.

anbinbctt (banb an, angebunbcn), to

attention; esteem,

tie

regard.

on

{or to).

ber ^nl^Ucf (-^, -e), view.

197

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

198 anbcr cine

(bcr,

—

t,

—

—

ha^

bit,

eln

among other

berem,

c;

cm

anftatt (gen.), instead of.

other; untcr an*

c^),

things; nlc^tS

anber^ al^, nothing else but that. anberfciti^,

on the other

side (hand).

anber^hjo, elsewhere. bie 5lncfbote (-, -n),

^raftc

—

strain,

^nttoott (-, -en), answer, reply.

antttjortctt,

anfangcn

anhjefenb, present.

fangt an; fing an, angc*

fangen), to begin; to do.

ber

angcftdrcn, to belong to.

one be-

longing to, relative.

f)alt

an;

to hold

f)altcn),

f)iclt

(on)

an, angc* to,

stop,

draw up.

apple.

ber SCpril (-«), April.

work, task, per-

formance. arbeiten, to

work.

and

arg, adj.

bad, mischie-

adv.j

anfommcn (fam

an,

ift

angcfommcn),

to arrive. bcr 5(nfiJmmling (-«, -t), (-,

annoying, annoyed, an-

drgerlic^,

anfniipfen, to tie, join, fasten.

tlnlagc

number, multitude.

•^),

vous, severe, hard.

anliaqtn, to accuse.

bic

(-«,

bie 5trbeit (-, -en),

bcr 5(ngnff {-^, -c), handling, attack.

anfualtcn (cr

%pid

ber 5C^jfelbaum (-4, *c), apple-tree.

(-n, -n),

bcr 5lngcftiJrige

to answer, reply.

bic ^(n^a^l (-),

ask in passing.

anfrageti; to

newcomer.

-n), a laying out,

gry, vexed.

arm, poor; ber 5Irme, poor man. ber 2lrm (-e^, -c), arm. kind, species;

bie 5lrt (-, -en),

ner,

ber 5(r5t (-c§,

vestment.

5Cficn (-€; neut.),

-^c),

doctor, physician. Asia.

too, even, likewise.

aniegen, to lay out; to invest.

auc^l, also,

anne^men

auf, prep. {dat. or ace), on,

nintmt an; nalf^m an,

(er

angenommen), to accept, take, take for granted. (er rat

to advise,

an; riet an, angcratcn),

recommend.

anfdfreiben (fc^rieb an, angcfd^rlcbcn),

to write

fcf)cn),

(cr

on

or

ficjt

down. an;

an, angc*

to look at or upon; to re-

^nfteblung

(-, -en),

bic 5lnftalt (-, -en),

institution.

upon,

by, for, to, towards; adv.,

up, upwards. aufbliil^cn

(aux. fetn), to blossom

aufeffcn

(er

gcffen), to

i^t

ag auf, aufgc*

auf;

eat up.

ttuffalftrcn (cr fiil^rt auf;

fal^

gard; to respect; to esteem. bic

in, at,

out, open, begin to flourish.

anreben, to speak to, address.

anfc^en

man-

way.

plan, park, pleasure-ground; in-

anraten

aUc

interest.

ber 5tnfang (-«, ^e), beginning. (er

exert;

to strain every nerve.

,

bcr ^ntetl (-«, -c), portion, share,

bic

anecdote.

to

anftrengcn,

colony.

arrangement;

fu^r auf,

ift

aufgcfaf)rcn), to start up.

auffinbcn (fanb auf, aufgefunben), to find out, seek out. btc

^ufgabc

aufl&cbcit lift,

(-, -n),

({)ob

raise,

auf,

task, lesson. aufget)obcn),

pick up.

to

VOCABULARY to

fluf^citetn,

cheer

brighten

or

up. ouf^ijrcn, to listen attentively; to

auflofcn, to loosen, untie,

aufmadjcn, to open.

aufmcrffam, attentive, 5(ufnoftmc (-, -n), taking up,

pay attention, watch.

aufrcc^t, upright, erect, straight.

ber 5luffa^ (-e«,

composition,

-^c),

auffi^cn (fag auf,

ift

aufgcfcffcn), to

mount.

$Cu!^lanb

foreign parts,

(-c8),

auj^laufctt (er iSuft au«; lief au0,

ift

run or flow out,

extend.

make

aui^mad^en, to (fire,

out; to put

make

etc.);

to

to

settle

constitute;

(a

up, dis-

pute).

auffte^en (ftanb auf,

aufgcftanbcn),

ift

to stand up, get up. (cr

tritt

appear,

ift

up (upon),

come forward.

aufnjatftcn

{aux.

(er

fd^Iftgt

au3;

fd^Iug

{aux.

fein),

wake

to break out, bud,

sprout. auigfeftcn (er

to

fcin),

gcfcl)cn),

au§;

fiefit

fal^

au«, au8*

to look, appear.

ber ^(ugenl^anbel (-«), foreign

up. bcr SCufnjdrtcr

(-«, -),

attendant,

waiter.

augcnMicflit^,

momentary

(

—

ily),

August {month).

au^ {dat.), out of, from, of, by, for, on account of. au^btlbcn, to form (out), develop, cultivate; render accomto plished or educated. to utter, express,

^lu^fu^r^anbet

of,

auigf^rcd^cti (er fprid^t au^;

export

speak out, pronounce. aUi^itben, to practise, exercise;

(-c8, ^t),

act of going

out, exit; result, end.

to

carry out; to commit (crimes, etc.).

5tu^njanbcrung

(-, -en),

emigra-

tion.

outward, abroad, for-

eign. aUj^toenbtg, outside;

detailed, complete, full,

fpra$ au0,

au^gefprod^en), to express, utter,

auj^hjdrtig,

ir^),

trade.

^uSgang

outside of; be-

au^erbem, besides, moreover.

bic

squeeze out;

au^brittfcn, to press or

out

sides, except.

instantaneous(ly), instantly, ber 5(uguft (-^),

com-

merce. auftcr {dat.)^

ba« 5(u9C {-^, -n), eye.

au^fiil^rlid^,

au^fd^tagcn

aug, au^gefd^Iagen), to strike out;

auf; trat auf,

aufgctreten), to step

bcr

\ia^

out

essay.

bcr

au^gegangcn),

aui^gctcgt, laid out, displayed.

au^gclaufen), to

awfrtt^tcn, to raise up, straighten,

auftrctcn

ift

nations.

reception. auf^affcn, to

auSge^en (ging au8, to go out.

aui^fommen (fam au«, ift au^gcfom* men), to get along with, live peaceably with. auSkd^en, to laugh at.

stop, cease.

bic

199

lemcn, to au^lt)if(iften,

to erase.

commit

by heart; memory.

—

to

to wipe out or

away;

BEGINNERS GERMAN

2CX5

bcfc^Ien (er beftebit; befabi,

» ber Sadft (-e«,

-^c;

dim. ba«

^(tci^Icin),

fid^

brook. bacfcn (er bacft; buf^'gebacfen), to bake.

begciftern, to inspire,

-),

(-3,

bath

gin,

path, course,

-en),

(-,

road, railway.

bie S3eg(cttung (-, -en),

(-e^,

band;

-^er),

rib-

begriinben, to base, found.

bcbaften

bic S3attf:

i.

{ground)

(-, -^c), 2.

\

(-,

bench, bank -en),

bank

{money hank). bar, bare; ready (money), cash. bie Sarmftcrsigfcit (-), compassion, mercy. ber S3au (-e^, -e or -ten), building,

cultivate;

till,

count upon.

tect.

bet {dat.), by, at the side of, in con-

beib

— —

e^),

e,

both, two.

fcillt bel; fiel ht\, ift

to

come

to.

S3ctn (-^, -e), leg.

betnabe, almost, nearly.

bebenfen (bebac^te,

ha^

till.

to bite.

der, reflect, bear in mind.

inform,

direct;

befannt,

to

signify, forebode.

meaning, significance, importance. (-,

-en),

ber ^cbientc (-n, -n; ein

—

er), ser-

vant, lackey.

known, acquainted.

S3cfebruttg

(-,

-en),

conver-

beflagen, to lament, bewail.

befommen

finish.

(befam,

befommen),

to

get, obtain.

belaufc^en, to listen to, eavesdrop. bcffen, to

beenben {also beenbigen), to bring to

an end, terminate,

for

sion.

Bebeutenb, important, significant.

23ebeutung

bie

example; ^um example.

83etf)jiel (-^, -e),

— ih ^0/

to pon-

ht'tQi6)i),

hti^t^

into the mind,

bctftctt (bt6, gebiffen),

bebauen, to cultivate,

to

(

fallen),

\iOi^

post, stake.

bie

to guard, preserve, pro-

bcbitten,

occur

(-e^, -^e), tree.

ber S3aum^faft( (-«, ^e), tree-pole,

mean,

manage,

be^crrfc^cn, to rule over, govern.

small farmer.

bebeutett;

handle,

treat.

beifattctt (er

ber S3auer (-^ or -n, -n), peasant,

Saum

to

bebunbeltt,

nection with, at.

!iauen, to build; to auf, to

(er bebalt; bebtelt, bebalten),

to keep, retain; to carry.

structure.

ber

accompani-

ment, attendance.

bon.

—

commence. accompany.

begteiten, to

soon.

85anb

ba6

with en-

bcginnen (begann, begonnen), to be-

room. 25a^n

fill

ber S3cgtnn (-e^), beginning.

Sabc^immcr

haXt^,

to

befunben),

(befanb,

thusiasm.

baben^ to bathe.

bie

befinben

be, feel.

ber 83drfcr {-^, -), baker.

hcL^

befolfilen),

command.

to order,

bark.

bemerfen, to perceive, notice; to

remark.

,

VOCABULARY ba^ JBcmii^Ctt

M),

trouble, pains,

ber ©cfi^ (-c^)/ possession, prop-

endeavor.

erty.

6cnc^mcn (er benimmt; bcnal^in, nommen), to take away; fic^

be*

—

to behave. to

name, designate. Ibeciuem, ble

have, possess.

83ercc()tigung

consultation,

-en),

(-,

berett,

little reflection,

ence of mind. htipttd)tn (er befprtc^t; befprac^, be^

ready, prepared.

fprod^en), to discuss;

—

to prepare.

,

mountain, -c), calling, voca-

ficffcr,

ber S3eruf (-(e)6,

ficftc,

(-e^, -e),

knowledge,

information, answer.

modest, moderate.

bcfdfteiben,

(befcfiieb,

(befd^ien,

unassuming; to

befd^lenen),

to

tion.

6cfc()cn (er befief)t; befa^, befef)en), to

look at, regard.

bte

to occupy, engage,

take

of.

(befang, Befungen), to sing

celebrate in song,

—

(a

(p) brlngen, to bring one

to his senses.

pass

test),

—

board

(beftieg,

beftiegen),

climb,

mount,

to as-

go

on

(ship).

appoint,

arrange.

determined, fixed,

de-

cided, definite. ftc5

beftrcben,

to exert one's self,

try to obtain.

S3efinnwng (-), reflection; cinen

gur

bcftcigcn

beftimmt,

Bef (ftii^en, to protect, guard, defend.

of,

stand

through, continue; to exist;

Bcftctten, to order, dispose,

S3efc^reibung (-, -en), descrip-

fiefingen

Bcftc^cn (beftanb, beftanben), to un-

cend,

describe.

possession

con-

au^, to consist of.

Befcftreiben (befc^rieb, befd^rieben), to

Befc^cn,

beftellt,

constant,

steady,

bcftanbig,

dergo, befd^ieben),

shine upon, light up.

hit

—

tinuous.

allot, assign. Befcftcinen

compar. of gut. superl. of gut; auf6

best way.

famous,

Ibefcfteiben

mit einem

arranged for the best, in the

tion, profession, office. httixf)mt,

ftd^

to converse, deliberate, dis-

cuss with one.

htttxt^, already,

ber S3erg (-(e)g, -c),

ber S3efc^ctb

—

fiirj , with with quick pres-

Bcfonncn, thoughtful;

title,

right; qualification.

fierettcn,

particularly,

extraordinarily.

deliberation, conference, council, bie

dominions, dependencies.

Ibcfonbcr)^, especially,

(-, -en),

possession;

(-, -en),

S3cfi^ung

pl.y

comfortable,

S3cratung

upon,

Bcfi^en (befaS, befeffen), to sit

bie

bcnannt),

(benanntc,

Ibcncnncn

20I

hit 23eftrebung

(-, -en), effort,

en-

deavor, exertion. Befucften, to visit,

attend.

bcteiligcn, to assign

terest;

ft(^

— an

a share; to in« (bei),

to

have a

share, be interested in, take part in.

beginners' GERMAN

202 httonttt, to

lay stress on, empha-

ha^

size.

ber f8cixa(i)t (-(c)g), respect, con-

sideration, point of view. htttdd)tl\di,

htivaqcn

considerable.

to;

conduct one's htttcxhtn

fid^

—

,

to behave,

bctrtcben),

to

drive upon, follow up, carry on;

paper.

Utxhcn (blieb, Ift geblicben), to stay, remain, continue. ber SBlcifttft (-eg, -e), lead-pencil.

Uxdtn, to look. Mi^en, to lighten; to sparkle,

to pursue (studies).

to enter (a house).

hintftrXf

(-n,

83ct)ottma(l^ttgtc

—

er),

only, merely.

one invested

to blossom, flourish.

hk f8inmt

bed.

ber 93c«tcl (-«, -), sack, purse.

ber

bare, naked, mere; adv.,

bloft, adj.,

to step on, tread; to enter upon;

fSeti (-eg, -en),

-n;

with

etn full

-n), flower.

filutcn,

to bleed, die.

bliil^cn,

to blossom.

bie

BcttJcifen (betnie^, betoicfen), to

(-,

bag S3tut (-eg), blood.

power, plenipotentiary. prove,

show, manifest.

fSlutt^tit

(-,

ber

f&ohtn

^),

(-g,

ground,

bag fSoot (-eg, -e and 33ote), boat.

resident.

borgen, to borrow, lend.

Btcber, upright, honest, loyal.

fiijfc,

ba6 S3Ub (-c€, -er), picture, image, portrait, figure.

htauttjCtx,

Ibraun,

to form, compose; to edu-

evil,

bag SBUbcrbud^ (-eg,

to use, want; to need.

Ibraufcn, to

-^er),

picture-

Ibred^en

storm, rage, roar.

(er

worthy,

bridfit;

fine,

good.

brad), gebroc^en),

to break, pluck.

book. Silbungi^beftrcBung (-, -en), ef-

fort for education.

cheap, moderate,

fair, just. tie; see

bringcn

(brac^te, gebrad^t), to bring.

bag fStot (-eg, -e), bread.

BriiberUt^l,

brotherly.

to, to,

till.

bie 93ruft (-, -^e) , breast , bosom, chest.

beg

for;

ber

hitttn (bat, gebeten) urn, to

please.

broad, wide.

ber JBruber (-g, ^), brother.

also anbinben. bie S3irnc (-, -n), pear.

up (down)

Brett,

ber JBrtef (-eg, -e), letter.

binben (banb, gebunben), to

hx^, as far as,

wicked, malicious,

brown.

htat)f excellent,

cate.

bittc,

bad,

angry.

bie JBicnc (-, -n), bee.

Ibtllig,

soil;

floor, attic.

ht^afiUn, to pay.

bie

flowering

-en),

time, prime.

ber S3chJ0^ner (-«, -), inhabitant;

liilben,

glit-

ter, shine.

hcttttcn (cr bctrttt; betrat, betreten),

ha^

mdtU

blade; sheet, news-

ber JBUcf (-eg, -e), look, glance.

self.

(betrteb,

dim. ha^

(~c«, ""^r;

leaf,

Ibku, blue.

(er bctragt; bctrug, bctragen),

amount

to

matt

d^en),

f&uht

knave.

(-n,

-n),

boy; scamp,

VOCABULARY ba^ f8n^ i-ti, Ictn),

-^cr;

dim. ha^ ^ild^*

hamxi, adv.y therewith, with that

book.

(it),

gun.

hit IBitrfffc (-, -en),

H,

upon

Suttbc^rat

Council

(of

Germany).

ber f8nxqtt (-^, -), citizen, burgher,

^ant

ber

bann, then.

or

on

it

to

it,

to;

©utter (-), butter.

barau)^

(that, them), in regard

on the eve

of.

(-c^,

-"-c),

choir,

ber

it.

there-

that, them). it

(this,

that); barinnen, there within, in(-en, -en), Christian,

G^l^rtft

(-t,

(Ilirift(u^)

-unx,

it (this,

barin (brin), therein, in

chorus, bcr

upon

thereout,

(braug),

from, out of Si^or

(ba^)

close

thanks.

(-eg),

barauf (brauf), thereupon,

bcr

it,

baran (bran), thereon, thereat, at

bcr ^urfcftc (-n, -n), lad, fellow. bit

next to

banfen, to thank.

burden, load,

bit SBiirbe (-, -n),

it,

by, beside.

Federal

^c),

(-eg,

after that,

(it),

that.

baneben, near

-«), budget,

ba^ SSiinbcI {-^, -), bundle, ber

in order to, so

it; conj.y

banac^, for that

bow, stoop.

ba« S3ubgct

by

that.

Bucftftabiercti, to spell.

hixdtn, to

203

(7y

dat.

-0,

side.

ace,

indeclinable) y Christ.

bte

^orftcttung (-, -en), exhibition,

representation.

over that

boriiber,

about that. barum (brum), about

(it),

thereon

(of),

where; then, at that time; conj., where, when,

ba,

aJz;.,

there;

as, since, baftet,

because, inasmuch as.

therewith, thereby, at the

baft, conj.,

')t)atii

ba^ Saturn

(-€«, -^cr), roof.

that

bat)on,

from that place, thence,

gefommen), to

bai)tv,

come

tft

bafier*

along.

ba^tn, thither, to that place, along,

away, gone, past; big—, till then. bomalig, at that time, then. bic

^amc

(-, -n),

duration, continu-

therefrom, thereof, there-

by; of or by

away,

hence, therefore.

bafterfommcn (fam

(-),

ance. bauern, to last, continue, remain.

(that).

it

^aucr

bte

through that.

(it).

bagcgen, against balder,

®ctta or SDaten),

(-«/

date.

baburc^, thereby, bafiir, for

that.

ber ^atit) (-g, -e), dative (case).

same time. ba^

it.

ba§, the; which, that.

lady.

bte

it

(that); thence,

off.

^erfc (-, -n), ceiling, cover.

berfcn, to cover.

ber X)egen (-«, -),

sword.

— — — thy, — — — yours; — yours.

bein

(

,

cr,

(ifi)c,

e,

e,

),

eg,

thine, your; ber, bic,

ba^

beginners' GERMAN

204 ^cHtnation

bit

declension.

(-, -en),

bcfUniercn, to decline.

^cnftrbctt

hit

thought

-en),

(-,

products. benfen

—

{ha^tt,

gebad^t),

think;

to

an, to think of. -^er

ment.

pron.

(one); 3.

rel.

and

2.

that

adj.,

who, which,

pron.,

that.

those; he, she,

one,

{before a rel.

it

the same.

so

on this account. much; \t fd^neHer,

—

the quicker, the sooner. distinct (ly),

bcutUdft,

—

German;

adj.,

count in German; auf bag ^eutf(f|e

gSf)Ien,

—

,

in

(-n),

German

head-

or

to divide.

but, yet,

bocft,

still,

though;

however, neverdo fag mir

— —

,

me; hd^ t)erfte]f)en ®le ? you certainly understand that? I hope you understand that? ber ^Ottnerftatt (-g, -e),

resounding

bonnern, to thunder. ber ^onneri^tag (-eg, -e),

(lan-

-^er),

Thursday.

village.

bort, there. bortfelbft, see bort,

—

eln ^eutfdfter (ber

e,

bte

—

en),

a

German.

brei, three.

ber

ber ^eutfd^ficrremjrben (-«, -), the

knights of the

German

Order.

Germany. December.

^eutft^Ianb (-g; neut.),

bag

director,

-en),

hit ^itJtfion (-, -en), division.

bag Xiorf (-eg,

guage).

^esember

(-g,

manager, principal master (of a school).

of thunder.

German.

(-g),

to compose, write poetry.

breift,

War

^rieg.

Thirty

(1618-48).

bold(ly), courageous.

britter (-e, -eg), third.

bag ^rtttet (-g, -), third.

ber

(-g, -), ducat.

^ufatcn

bumm,

stupid.

bunfel, dark,

thick, fat, stout.

^ieb (-eg, -e), thief. Wiener (-g, -), servant.

ber ^tcnft (-eg, -e), service.

ber ^ten^tag (-eg, -e),

^reifeigiaftrige

Years'

broftenb, threatening.

f)et6t.

ber ^tcftter (-g, -), poet.

ber

one,

ber Cottar (-g, -g), dollar.

intel-

clear,

ligible.

ber

this, this

tell

be^l^alb, therefore, befto, the,

btcf,

^ireftor

ber

theless,

bcr*(bie*, bag^)feI6c,

bicftten,

—eg),

bag ^iftat (-g, -e), dictation.

bttJtbiereti,

that

ba8=)iemge,

pron.).

ft.,

e,

bag X)ing (-eg, -e), thing.

the;

art.,

i. def.

demons,

bcr*(bic',

b.

—

biftieren, to dictate.

ber (Me, bag):

ber

(—er,

the latter. bte^mal, this time.

and -t), monu-

benn, for; than; unless; then.

beutft^,

girl. btci§

ha^ ^tntmal (-g,

elier,

btcnftbar, serviceable.

bag ^ienftmdbcften (-g, -), servant

Tuesday.

bunfetn, to

gloomy, obscure.

grow dark.

biinn, thin, fine, small. burtft

{ace), through, by,

of, across.

by means

VOCABULARY burdjlcud^'ten, to light

throughout,

brighten, illuminate.

to draw, pull or pass through. geburft), to

burfte,

barf;

dare, be permitted, ought. f)abe

i(^

augcjc^en biitfcn.

bte (SUe (-), haste,

etn (eine, ein), a, an, one; adv., in, into.

Simi-

cinanber,

:

to thirst, be thirsty.

one

another,

(brad^te etn, eingebracfit), in.

bie (^in^ufec (-, -n), loss,

burftig, thirsty.

another,

each other. cin^nngcn to bring

moKcn, etc. ber 2)urft (-c«), thirst.

speed, hurry,

hasten, hurry.

cUctl, to

But:

larly miiff en, f onncn, mogen, fotlcn,

biirftcn,

(belonging to) exclu-

sively; peculiar, strange.

bur(^i$icften (^09 burc§, burc^gcgogcn),

(er

ber ©igcntiimct (-§, -), proprietor. cigcntiimlic^,

burd^mac^ctt, to finish.

biirfcti

205

citier

(

— — e,

§),

damage.

one; a person, peo-

ple.

one

cincrlci, of eficn,

even, level, smooth; adv., just,

cinfad^, simple, single.

precisely, quite, certainly. ebcnfatt^, likewise.

— Qut

cbcnfo, just so;

good

ebe(,

just as

edge, corner.

highborn;

ctnnrabcn

man.

cinftcrgetjen

sooner, earlier, before, former-

(-g),

import

(er griibt ein;

grub

(ging etn{)er,

gegangen), to

move

cin^olcn, to bring in,

e]f)C.

honor, esteem.

etn, ein*

ift

einf)er^

along,

wan-

ftd^

jealous, envious.

bie

own, peculiar, spe-

strange, curious.

bte (Jtgcnart (-, -en), peculiarity.

Ctgcnfinmg, self-willed, headstrong. etgentUd^, proper, real, really,

erly speaking.

one, single,

united;

einige,

eimgcmal, a few times.

ay! indeed! why!

Ctgen, proper,

cinig,

any, some, a few.

venerable.

ba^ @t (-eg, -er), egg.

cifcrfiidfttig,

go to meet or

fetch; to obtain; to overtake.

honorable, honest, just.

c^tltJiirbtg,

cial;

flowing

der about.

c^cr, cojnparative of

e^rlic^,

-iiffe),

gegraben), to dig in; to engrave.

ly; ere.

ci^rcn, to

(-ffe^,

@inful)rf)anbe(

man of noble birth or character. ©bdmann (-e^, -leute), noble-

ti)tf

falling in;

trade.

Sble,

ber

ct!

annflug

ber ber

-^e),

idea, notion.

in, influence.

angular, cornered. noble,

©infatt (-(e)g,

sudden ber

as.

\>k @cfc (-, -n), ccfig,

ber Xoxt,

same,

sort; all the

immaterial.

prop-

bie

cinigcn, to agree.

©tmgfeit (-), unity.

©inigung ment.

cinja^rig,

(-, -en),

lasting

union, agree-

one year;

(Siniaf)rig*i^rein}iltige,

soldier serving

ber

volunteer

one year.

cinmal, once, one time, once

upon

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

2o6 time,

2.

f;Uf

—

,

sometime, just, only; suddenly; noc^ , OBce

—

emporbringcn

more. r.'>3

©inmalcin^, once one, multi-

tftinc^mcn

(er

nimmt

cin;

na^m in,

cmpori^cben

eltt,

\i6)

gather

(fc^toang

cmpor,

(Hn^

tion; aim, purpose, object. enbgiiWtg, final.

one mind.

enblid^, final, last; finally,

number) one.

enbloi^, endless, infinite.

eta^, adv. J one, of (-), (the

lonesome, solitary,

w^xifam, lonely,

alone.

(-(e)«,

-^c),

one time, some day. in the meantime.

bic ©intrat^t (-),

concord, union.

treten), to step in, enter; to

begin.

einjcln, single, separate, solitary.

bcr ©inaclftaat (-e^, -en),

(single)

state. ©tfcnfia^tt

(-,

-en),

railway,

railroad.

disclosure.

fallen), to fall

cntgcltcn

(^Uctn {pi. only)^ parents. empfangt;

empfing,

cmpfangen), to receive.

empfc^Icn

(er

cmpfof)Ien), to

cmpfief)It;

from or out

entgilt;

ten), to hold,

of.

ent*

entgalt,

atone

for.

entf)ielt, entfial^^

contain.

cntne^mcn (er entnimmt; cntna^im, entnommen), to take away or from, borrow from. entfc^ulbtgen, to excuse.

entfcnbcn

(er

(er

golten), to suffer for,

send

bag ©lemcnt (-g, -c), element.

empfangcn

grandson.

©ntberfung (-, -en), disco very ^

cnt^ alien (er entfialt;

singular (number).

English (lan-

(-n),

cntfattctt (er entfallt; entfiel, ift ent*

bcr ©itttritt (-(c) g, -e), entering on,

entrance, admission.

ending.

English.

ber ©nfcl (-g, -), tiit

efntrctcn (er tritt ein;trat ein,ift cingc*

hit ^tn^al^l (-),

(-, -en),

at last.

guage).

prohibi-

tion, protestation, opposition.

vnuftnjeilcn,

©nbung

bag ©nglifc^c

inclusive.

(Bin\ptndj

d»ft, once,

\iit

englift^,

^iafctfUcftlic^i,

(entfanbte,

cntfanbt),

to

off.

entfprcc^cnb, suitable, corresponding. entujebcr, either.

etnpfaf)!,

commend, recom-

mend. cm^jfinbcn (empfanb, etnpfunben), to feel,

emporf(^mingen

up.

to arrange, order, estab-

lish, furnish.

bie

empor, cmporge^o*

(f)ob

bag ©nbc (-g, -n), end, termina-

c^tAtiditen;

tit

forward,

emporgef(f)tt)ungen), to rise or soar

to capture; to receive, col-

lect.

HiX

or

ben), to raise up.

eingenommen), to take

bit

up

promote.

plication table.

In;

(brad^tc entpor, ciu);m'ii

gebrad^t), to raise

experience.

em^or, up, upwards, on high, aloft.

hit

@nttt)i(Httng

(-, -en),

develop-

ment. entstucibreci^en (er brid^t entatoel; brac& entatuet, entsmeigebrod^en),

to brea*

in two, asunder. evlbauen, to build up, erect.

VOCABULARY ha^ Qtht (-0), inheritance, herit-

crSffnen, to open, unclose; to dis-

age.

close, publish,

crMic^, hereditary, heritable.

erratcn (er

ba^ (SrWcit (~^, -c), inheritance.

M),

bcr (SrbbaE

bk ©rbe

globe, world.

(-ffeg, -ffe),

ring.

ground

@rbfunbe

ber @rbtci(

(-),

knowledge

of the

(-eg,

clude, infer. crfcftrcrfcn

part of the

-t),

come

to learn,

©rfinbung

to

(er

erfd^ricft;

to

erfd^rocfen),

be

crfc^raf,

ift

frightened,

alarmed, startled.

world, continent. crfalftrctt (er erfiif)rt; crfulir, crfal^rcn),

know.

(-, -en),

for the first time;

not

only; but just; htv,

bie,

crft, firstly,

until;

invention.

bag

crfolgcn {aux. feln), follow from, re-

—

first,

e,

the

first;

— — — er,

e,

eg,

foremost.

erftaunen (aux, fein), to be aston-

sult.

ergreifen

(ergrlff,

crgriffen),

to lay

of, seize.

eri^ alien

(er tv\)alt; tx^idi, erfialten),

ceive.

important, considerable,

etl^eblid^,

ished, surprised. crteilen,

to keep, uphold, maintain, re-

know;

erflarcn, to explain; to declare.

bie

(erlitt,

erittten),

to suffer,

expectation,

(er

erllfc^t;

erlofc^,

ift

er*

to extinguish, go out, effaced.

to

prove,

answer.

bie

©rjal^lung (-, -en), narration;

crjiel^eii

(ergog,

eraogen),

cPar,

nourish,

support,

to

rear,

bring up, educate. bcr (Sfel (-g, -), ass,

maintain.

donkey.

edible, eatable.

cffcn (er

ifet;

a6, gegeffen), to eat.

bag @ffcn (-g), eating, food, meal.

crnft, earnest, serious,

Qtohttnnq

crtoeifen (ertoieg, ertolefen), to

narrative, account, story.

crmittein, to find out.

etna^ren,

(-, -en),

ersafften, to tell, relate.

endure, undergo.

become

(^toaxinnq

ertoibcrn, to reply,

erfunbtgcn, to inquire.

lofd^en),

er*

show, render.

to recognize.

crlijfcftcn

ift

grow, grow up. erlDarten, to look for, expect, await. n)ad^fen), to

anticipation.

crfcnnen (erfanntc, erfannt), to

erleibcn

to impart, give, bestow.

ethjad^fen (er ertoad^ft; ernjud^g,

weighty.

bie

to

erfd^Ioffen),

open, unlock; to disclose; to con-

earth, geography, geology.

fid^

(erfd^Iog,

erfcftUcfecn

floor.

hold

to erect, set up, found.

erricftten,

bag ©rbcnrunb (-e«), ^ee (grbball.

ble

crraten), to

erf(^aHen {aux. fein), to resound,

soil.

bag ^rbgefrffofe

errclt; erriet,

guess, divine. crreic^cn, to reach, attain.

world;

earth,

-n),

(-,

ground,

hit

207

(-,

grave.

-en), conquest,

acquisition (by conquest).

ber

©fetiftft

(-e^^ -c)/ dining- table.

bag @ft5tmmcr (-g, -), dining-room. cttDtt, perhaps, indeed,

nearly, about.

beginners' GERMAN

208

somewhat,

something, some; a little.

titt)a§,

always, eternally, forever.

©jamcn

ba^ gcnfter (-«, -), window.

bk

tion.

forwarding, expedition.

fjerien {pi. only)^ vacation, holi-

days.

©gpcbttion (-, -en), dispatch,

bie

fern, far (off), distant. fertig, feft,

ready; complete.

fast, firm,

bie Seftftcttung

bk

factory,

fjofirif (-, -en),

manu-

gaben

(-^,

bit

Saline

(-, -n), flag,

go

(in

to proceed,

sail,

journey.

or

finben (fanb, gefunben), to find;

drive,

agency; fac-

fangcn

ftel,

ift

gefallen),

to

drop.

bk Samilic

faff en, faft,

to

-n), color.

(-, -en),

flame.

SJIcifcId

(-eg), flesh,

meat.

industrious, diligent.

fltegen (flog,

ift

geflogen), to fly.

bie fjlottc (-, -n), fleet,

to flow.

navy.

ber Slur (-e^, -e), hall, corridor.

to seize.

ber

February.

gcbruar

bie

Scbcr (-,-n), feather,

quill,

fotgcnbermaftcn, as follows, in the

forbcrn,

wanting or de-

ficient; to ail.

bie

ber fjc^ler (-^, -), mistake, fault. ber i^tkxtaq (-e§, -e), holiday, fes-

demand,

to

require;

summon,

challenge.

i^oxm

-en),

(-,

enemy.

to

form, figure,

shape. ber gorfc^cr

(-g, -), searcher, in-

vestigator.

tival.

ber geinb (-e^, -e),

following manner.

pen.

to miss, fail; to be missing

or absent; to be

stream,

folgen {dat.), (aux. fein), to follow.

bie fjauft (-, -^e), fist.

ber

(-ffeg, -^ffe), flow,

S^ug

river, circulation.

foul, lazy; foul, rotten.

(-«),

gramme

Pattern, to flutter, float in the wind.

flicficn (flofe, ift gefloffen),

almost, nearly.

fcl^lcn,

fid^

to be (in

Singer (-^, -), finger.

f(etfttg,

(er fdngt; ftng, fiefangen),

(-,

self;

contents, area.

ba^ family.

(-, -n),

catch, take prisoner.

bk ?yarbc

to find one's

condition, place). ber

bie fiittt;

,

ber gldc^feninftaft (-g, -e), surface,

tory.

fall,

—

f)at gefalfi*

travel,

(-, -en),

bie i^aftoxti

val day.

banner.

a conveyance), go

on;

fatten (er

the deter-

(-, -en),

mining, establishment, the fixing.

thread.

•^),

(er fdf)rt; ful^r, ift

rcn), to

hard.

ber fjefttag (-e«, -e), holiday, festi-

factory. ber

fasten

gelfen

or ledge of rock.

examina-

(-6, -tnina),

or ber

cliff.

ba^ gclfenrtff (-e«, -e), reef, ridge

eternity.

bie @njt(|fcit (-, -en),

ba^

(-^, -), rock,

il^r.

field.

(-en, -en)

ber gcli^

cucr (eurc, cuer), your; gen. of cttJtg,

ba^ ??elb (-e8, -er),

bag Sort (-«, -g), fort, fortress.

VOCABULARY on; away,

fort,

forward, on-

off;

209

Srcmbc, foreign country; , abroad.

bte

furticftc^cn (beftanb fort, fortbeftan* ben), to last, endure, exist.

frag,

frlfet;

S^^eubc (-, -n), joy, gladness, delight, pleasure.

fortgefa^ren), to depart, drive off

freubig, joyful, cheerful.

away, travel proceed, go on.

freuen, to

or

off;

to

fort,

move onward, make

Sortfc^ritt

(-eg,

-c),

advance, improvement. btc fjortfc^ung (-, -en),

away or onward;

to pro-

pel, carry on; to continue. bic f?ragc (-, -n),

ber St^an^ofc (-n, -n),

Frenchman.

French.

-en),

woman,

wife,

madam, Mrs.

free, at liberty;

bie Srci^eit (-, -en),

be

cold. fresh, vigorous.

happy, gay, joyous. joyous, joyful, gay, merry,

happy

(-(0^)/ cheerfulness,

disposition.

bie fjrud^t (-, -^e), fruit,

early.

bag Srii^ja^r (-(e)g, -e), spring, ber griitjling (-g, -e), spring,

—

tiaben,

to

have a vacation.

bag

ffru^ftitrf (-g, -e),

freedom.

to be sure, of course, cer-

fii^ren, to lead,

carry (on),

Su^rmann (-eg, man, driver,

freigcfprod^en), to acquit.

-leute),

coach-

fitnf, five; fiinfte, fifth.

fiinffad^, (er fprid^t fret; fprad^ fret,

breakfast.

fit^len, to feel.

ber

tainly.

frelfpre^cn

kind, cheerful,

frier en (fror, gefroren), to freeze,

friift,

bag Srdulcin (-g, -), young (unmarried) lady. Miss.

fretlid^,

female

fromm, pious, upright, honest,

guage).

fret,

-nen),

bte greunbft^aft (-, -en), friendship,

ber Sro^ittn

bag gransofifd^e (-n), French (lan-

(-,

(-,

friend.

frij^lid^,

France.

Srau

or gen.),

(-eg, -e), friend,

Sreunbin

frol^,

granfrctc^i (-g; neut,),

btc

greunb

frifd^,

question.

fraqen, to ask.

franjofifc^,

(liber

ber ?Jrtebe(n) (-ng, -n), peace.

(trieb fort, fortgctricbcn),

to drive

—

frcuttblid^, friendly,

carrying on,

continuation. forttrcilben

ber bte

progress,

glad, please, give

fic^

to rejoice, be glad, be pleased,

fortgc*

ift

progress, improve or advance. ber

make

pleasure to;

(fd^ritt

fci^ritten),

to continue,

to

fiefrcffen),

eat {oj beasts). bie

ift

(er

freffen

continue to

fortfatircn (er fiijrt fort; ful^r fort,

fortfdjirciten

in ber

—

ward.

fivefold

giinffad^c,

(times);

bag

portion five times as

great, quintuplet.

ber Sreitag (-g, -e), Friday.

funfein, to glitter, shine, sparkle,

ber Sreimitttge (-n, -n), volunteer.

fiir

^tm'^t strange, foreign;

unusual.

unknown,

{ace), for.

btc f^urc^t

of.

ir),

fear;

—

tor,

fear

BEGINNERS GERMAN

2IO to fear.

fiircfttcn,

bcr

fjiirft

bic

(-en, -tn), prince, sover-

eign.

^ebulb

gefaKett

fitrtoai^r,

indeed, forsooth, verily.

ber gufe

H^/

—

foot; gu

'^^),

,

on

(-), patience,

endurance,

forbearance. (er

gefiillt;

gefaffcn;

sefiel,

dat.)j to please, suit.

gegen, prep, {ace), towards, against;

about, somewhere near,

foot.

bcr Sufeboben (-6,

-

or ^), floor.

bcr

ber ffufegangcr (-«, -), pedestrian. hit SJufercife (-, -n),

walking tour.

©cgcnftanb

(-c^,

object,

-^c),

subject, affair.

ha^ ©cgcntcil (-c^, -e), opposite,

contrary. gCgCttiiber,

bcr

@abc( (-, -n), fork. ©algcn (-^, -), gallows.

bcr

@ang

bic

(-c^, -^c),

path; hall, cor-

(-, ^t),

all,

complete.

prepared;

—

nid^t,

not at

all;

—

nothing at all. ber ©arten {-^, ^), garden. bcr ©drtncr (-«, -), gardener. ^er),

(-eg,

(^a\i\)avi^

hotel,

Qcbiert; gcbar, gcborcn),

to

to give;

(er ^\hi\ i^ah, gcQeben),

fiibt,

there

ince, territory.

bic ©cfiurt

by

birth, native.

(^, -en),

belong

to.

mind,

spirit of culture.

spirituous, spiritual;

men-

tal, intellectual,

gclangcn {aux.

feln),

to reach, arrive

at, attain (to), get.

bag ©clb (-eg, -cr), bcr ©clbfarf (-eg,

birth, origin,

money,

-^e),

money-sack,

bag. gelegentlid^, occasional, incidental,

on an occasion, on occasion

family. ber ©eburti^tag (-(c)^,-c), birthday. bic ©cbanfctttoclt (-, -en),

thought

world, ideal world. gebenfen

not do.

gclb, yellow.

is (are).

©cbict (-e«, -c), district, prov-

geboren, born,

to go,

gcgangen),

bag ©cflirr (-g, -c), clanking.

bear, give birth to.

c6

will

gcifttg, (fie

ift

walk; to go or fare with; to be (in health); bag gef)t nic^t, that

intellect; f)umanen ©elfteg, of the

ha^ ©cbdubc {-%, -), building.

hcL^

present time;

ber @cift (-eg, -er), spirit, soul,

inn. gebarett

(-),

gcl^ijren {dat.), to

nid^tg,

gcbcn

ble ©cgcnttjart

gc^en (ging,

goose.

whole, entire,

gar, quite, entirely, very, at all;

bo^

to, in relation to,

presence.

Q^an^

gatlj,

prep.

opposite

as concerns,

ridor. bic

preceding),

opposed

(to),

opposite;

adv.,

{with dat.

(gebac^tc,

member;

gebac^t),

to re-

of.

learned, instructed, well-

informed, ber ©clcl^rte (-n, -n; ein

to intend, design, plan.

bag @cbt(^t (-eg, -e), poem.

gclcftrt,

—

r),

learned

person, scholar.

geUngcn

(eg gelingt

mir; gelang,

ift

gelungen), to succeed, prosper.

VOCABULARY gcmcittfam,

common, held

in

com-

good-natured,

kindly,

accurate,

(fitting),

minute, exact. bcr ©cnittti (or

bie

bag ©efic^t (-eg, -er or -e), sight,

countenance, face. minded, disposed.

genug, enough, sufficiently. bcr (3coioq (-en, -en), geologist.

©e^kuber

g(e)rabe,

gefinnt,

(-«, -), chatter.

erect;

straight,

geftern,

even;

yesterday.

gefunb, sound, healthy, well. bie ©efunbfteit (-, -en),

straightforward; quite, just. ba6 ©crid^t (-e^, -c), court of justice,

(-, -en), legislation.

established, set up;

sedate.

-«, -c), geni-

tive (case).

ba6

©efe^gebung

gefe^t, fixed,

-ctit),

social gath-

ering.

bag @cfe^ (-eg, -e), law.

agreeable, cheerful; cozy. close

(-, -en), society, as-

company,

sociation,

gcmittlid^,

gcnau,

©efettMaft

bie

mon.

211

judgment.

bag ©etretbefom (-g,

gering, small, little, trifling,

health.

bag ©etreibe (-g, -), corn, grain;

unim-

-^er),

cereal,

grain.

portant.

getreulitft, faithfully.

©crmancnftamm (-eg, ^c), Germanic family, race, stem.

bag ©enjdffer (-g, -), water (collec-

ber

gent (Ueber,

am

liebften),

with pleas-

ure, willingly, readily;

—

Ijiabcn,

to like. (-,

-^n),

-e),

total

total population.

bcr

@efang

(-e«, -^c), singing,

song.

bag ©eft^aft (-eg, -e), employment,

occupation, business.

fd^e{)en),

ift

ge*

(-,

-en),

history,

story, affair.

bag

©efdftmeibc

-),

trinkets,

tomary, common. bag ©ettJiirs (-eg, -e), spice, seasonber (SJehiiirsl^anbel (-g), spice trade,

gicrig,

in spice.

greedy.

ber

^(ans

summit, top.

(-eg), luster, brightness,

splendor, magnificence, glory.

jewels.

btc @ef(fttoifter (pi. only),

brother(s)

(-(e)n, -(e)n),

panion, fellow.

gldnjenb, brilliant, splendid.

bag &ia^ (-eg, -^r), glass, drinking glass, etc. bcr ©lofer (-g, -), glazier.

sister (s).

ber @cfeff(e)

gain(ing);

sure(ly), certain(ly).

ber ©t^jfel (-g, -), (-g,

bag ©efdftofe (-ffeg, -ffe), arrow, firearm; floor, story.

and

(-, -en),

bag ©ehJtffen (-g, -), conscience. genjd^nli(^, usual, ordinary, cus-

commerce

to happen.

©efcfttd^te

^eminnung

acquisition.

ing.

geftffc^en (eg 0cfd^ie()t; gefc^al^,

bie

tive) , flood.

gettiift,

©efamtmcrt (-e8, value (worth, price).

bcr

powerful, strong, mighty.

getocrBlid^, industrial, professional. bie

@efamt0et)blferung

bie

genjalttg,

com-

glauben, to believe, think. gleid^, alike,

even, level, equal.

beginners' GERMAN

212

equivalent, indifferent.

gtcie^giifttg,

member,

ba^ ©Itcb (-eg, -cr),

rank or

link;

griigeti,

to greet.

giittig,

valid,

gli^ern, to glitter, glisten.

bie

bag ©liirf (-eg), luck, fortune, suc-

gut

cess, happiness.

W

binding, ap-

(-), favor.

(beffer, beft),

good, well.

-^er),

good thing, pos-

session, property, goods, estate,

farm.

successful. glii^en,

@unft

bag @ttt (-eg,

fortunate, lucky, happy,

gliirfHc^,

legal,

plicable, admissible.

file.

glow, burn.

ber @i)mnafiaft (-en, -en), pupil of

(SJnabc (-, -n), favor,

good- will,

grace, mercy.

a ®i)mnafium. bag

@l)mnafmm

(-g, -ien),

German

bag @oIb (-eg), gold.

higher school in which the clas-

golben, golden, gilt.

sical

W

God, god.

ber (^oii (-eg, ^er),

ber ©outjerncur (-g, -e),

bag (iJrab (-eg, bag

©ra^

-^er),

governor.

grave.

bag

(-eg, ^er), grass.

ber

grauentjott, awful, horrible.

grtecftifc^,

bag

(-eg, -e),

old man.

Greek.

©rtcc^ifcldc

(-n),

Greek

(lan-

guage).

ftalii,

W

^alm ^al^

^anbel

(-g,

-),

landed

proprietor.

ground,

establish,

(-, -en),

fundamen-

found, base.

©runbform tal

-en), founding,

(-,

foundation, establishment. gritnen,

to

grow

or be green; to

thrive, prosper.

@ruppe

affair,

(-, -n),

(-, -^e),

to

hand.

(-g), trade,

commerce,

business.

W ^anbcli^beste^ung

(-, -en),

bie

commermerchantmen.

^anbel^flottc (-, -n),

cial fleet, fleet of

^anbel^meberloffung

(-,

-en),

commercial settlement, colony. bie ^anbcli^ftabt (-, -^e), commercial city.

ber ^anbcli^toeg (-eg, -e),

group.

com-

mercial relations. hit

form(s) (principal parts).

©riinbung

ge()alten),

tain; to contain; to celebrate; to

^anb

to

neck.

f)lelt,

think.

tallness, greatbie

©runbbcri^cr

f)a(t;

hold, keep; to support, main-

ber

griinben,

bic

(er

green.

ber

hit

(-eg, -e), blade, stalk. (-eg, -^e),

ness, size. griitt,

bie

half.

ber

%xqfi% a rather

number. @rogc (-, -n),

to have. haven, port, har-

(-g, ^),

Jpalbfugcl (-, -n), hemisphere.

ber

large

W

^afcn

l^atten

groff, tall; grogere

(-eg, -e), hair.

bor.

grctfen (griff, gegriffen), to grasp.

@rei^

^aar

ftaficn (er ()at; f)atte, gel^abt),

grau, gray.

ber

languages are emphasized.

©olbfiiftc (-, -n), gold-coast.

commerce.

path of

VOCABULARY ^anhlnm

hit

(-/ '^^)t action, busi-

bcr ^anhtr)ttUhm{tt^c (-n,-n), trav-

journeyman. Hanseatic league.

eling artisan,

^anfa

(-),

^anfoftabt (-, ^c), city of the Hanseatic league.

hit

f^att,

hard, harsh, severe, cruel, ob-

^an^

(-c«, -c),

breath, breeze,

^auen

hew, cut;

to lash, strike, beat.

ha^ ^anpt (-e^, bic ^auptfadfte

ter,

main

-^cr),

(-, -n), chief

mat-

principal,

chief (ly),

main. chief city,

-^e),

bie ^au^tftraftc (-, -n),

main

street.

ba^ ^an^tttii (rt^, -t), principal part.

(-e^,

-^er),

house; nad^

§aufc Qcl^cn, to go home; ju §aufc, at home. bic

^au^int

(-, -en),

front door.

i^cbcn (f)ob, gcf)obcn), to raise,

heroic deed,

(-, -en),

^dbcnbatcr

(-8,

-«-cr),

(er fiilft;

W^r

9cl)oIfcn; dat.),

to help; to profit, avail; to

do

good.

Iftcnfcn,

bright.

to hang,

^etinc

l^cr,

hen.

(-, -n),

hither, this

way, near,

f)txah^aUtn ift

since,

(er fiillt l^crab; fid Ificrab,

l^erabgef alien),

lift.

ftiegen),

to

fall

to descend, dismount.

ftcrantnaciftfctt (er mcid^ft l^cran; h)ud^«

Scran,

ift

J^crangenjad^fen), to

i^craui^fcnbcn (fanbtc Ificrau^, ^txau^^

gcfanbt), to

send out.

bcr ^crfiftmonat (-«, -c),

bag ^tihtnxMUin {-^, -),

on the heath. ^cil! hail!

holy.

home, homeward.

little

rose

grow

up.

ha^ ^cft (-e^, -e), handle, stitched or

paper-covered book; copy-book. bie ^ctbe (-, -n), heath, uncultivated land.

down.

(ftieg fjcrab, ift l^crabgc*

bcr ^txh^t (-eg, -c),

i^cim,

hero(ic)

father.

ha^ ^ccr (-e^, -c), army.

f)txl\Q,

mean.

bright, cheerful,

^croBfteigen

ha^ ^anpttt)oxi (-c^, ^tx), noun.

^an^

command;

called; to

ago.

capital.

ba^

named,

^clbcntat

bic

to

(l^icg, gel^ctfecn),

to be

bic

^amjtftabt (-,

or road

hot.

5ctt, clear,

point.

^au^tfac^liri^,

bie

l^Ctfe,

iftclfen

head, chief.

way

home.

bcr

gcf)auen), to

(!)lcb,

to

l^eimltc^, secret (ly).

bcr ^ctmttjcg (-eg, -c),

i^eitcr,

aspiration.

belonging

native,

one's home.

hateful, loathsome, ugly,

unpleasant. bcr

home, native place

(-),

l^ctmatUt^,

i^eigen

stinate, difficult. i^aftUc^,

^eimat

bic

or country.

ness, trade, shop.

bic

213

autumn,

autumn

month. l^ercin!

(come) in!

IJcrfa^rcn (er faf)rt Ificrgcfafircn),

proach,

move

to

arrive

l^cr;

come in

ful^r ^tx, ift

hither, ap-

a

vehicle,

or drive hastily along.

l^ermarfr^tcrcn {aux. fein), to

march

hither or along, approach.

.

beginners' GERMAN

214

(-n, -en), master, lord,

bcr J&crr

fid^

bcr ^crrfd^cr (-«, -), ruler, sover-

M,

-c(n)

),

jointer

ruler's throne.

i^crumltegcn

l^erum,

l^cruntQc*

l)txt>ox,

l^cr*

(-en, -en),

to-day.

bcr ,!&of (-c^,

-n), higher school

yard, courtyard;

-^c),

court, household (of a sovereign)

hereupon, upon this, then, (-«, -), heaven, sky.

bcr

^mmd

bic

$tmmcl^au(c)

meadows

(-, -(c)n), fields

Iioffcn,

to hope.

l^offcntUcft, (as) I

^oi)t

hit

(-, -n),

hope. height, high level;

summit, top; mountain. charming, lovely,

of heaven.

heavenly.

^olb, pleasing,

^tna^jagcn, to hunt (drive, chase)

down.

l^oten,

to

fetch,

get;

to

draw

(breath), (er

IftinabttJcrfcn

f)inab,

(-,

or university,

here.

^tmmlifdfl,

to, join,

most holy,

^o^\6)vXt

bic

of to-day, of the present

i^icrattf,

up

shepherd.

noble. i^oc^i^cilig,

time.

h)irft

\)imh;

to

f)inabgctDorfcn),

down. up

l^inauf,

toarf

throw

ftcE)t

\>(x^

^oUanbcr (-«, -), Dutchman. ^olj (-c«, -e or ^tx), wood,

bcr ^iigcl (-«, -), hill.

to.

f)inau«; fal^ l^in*

an^, ^inau^gcfcfien), to look out. l^inein, into.

fttnctnrufcn

bcr

^forcn, to hear,

up

(thither),

i^inaui^fci^cn (er

l^uman, tending to refine, cultural, bcr ^uttb (-eg, -e), dog.

hundred, (-«), hunger. ftungcrn, to hunger, be hungry,

Iiunbcrt, (rief

|)lncin,

!)incinQcru*

fen), to call in or into.

^tncinfden, to sow into (the ground), bic

^irt

^oc^ (^o^cr, bod^ft), high, tall, great,

hearty, cordial, afiEection-

ate.

or

binsugctretcn), to step bcr

bag ^crs (-cn^, -en), heart.

l^tcr,

i^itiautrcten (cr tritt binju; trat l^ingu, ift

forth

(out, up), appear,

l^eutig,

(jog btnilbcr, btnttbcr*

to pull over; to pass

over, extend.

ift

come

to

t)orgcfoTntncn),

fittttt,

to, as to,

{witk dat. or ace), behind,

gcsogen),

bring down.

titvi)ovtommcn {tarn

ffCt^idi,

down; to put away; down.

with regard

l^iniibcrsie^ctt

around.

fteruntcrl^olcn, to

lie

after.

(lag

IcQcn), to lie

to

,

touching.

^crrfd^ertl^ron

bcr

—

l^ittfid^tnii^,

commander,

eign,

to lay

l^tttlegett,

gentleman, Mr.

<$tngabe

giving

(-),

away,

surrender, devotion. i^tngebett (cr gibt ()in;

gcbcn), to give to

render, sacrifice.

gab bin/

bcr

starve. l^ungrig, bcr

bingc=»

(away); to sur-

hunger

$ut

hungry, (-c8,

-"^c),

hat; cover,

bcr filter (-g, -), guardian, keeper,

bcr ^utmaci^cr (-«, -),

hatter.

hat-maker,

VOCABULARY

215

bk 3al^rC)§5clt

{-, -en),

time of year,

season.

{nom, pL of bu), you;

tftr

of

ftc),

their,

{dat,

to her; poss. adj., her,

your; poss. pron., hers,

its,

theirs. tftrtgc

(ber,

theirs;

ba«

bic,

{with

—

),

hers, its,

yours;

cap.),

bit

more and

meantime, meanwhile; while, however, nevertheless. {-^, -), Indian.

^ttbifatb

(-(e)^,

-e),

indica-

tive (mood). ber

Sngcnicur

ber

Sn^att

innate,

«

.

befto,

at

events, in any case,

all

(

— — — er,

e,

at

each, every,

eg),

times.

all

ichc^mai, each (every) time, jebod^^

however, nevertheless, yet.

jcmanb, some one. icn

(

— — — er,

eg),

c,

that one, the

former.

now.

now

jc^ig, present,

3ugcnb

(-),

existing.

youth, young peo-

ber

Sua

(-(g)), July. iiingfte

recent

3cit,

time,

in^ftcfonbcrc, especially. bic Sttfcl (-, -n), island.

as far as, so far, accord-

ing as. tntcreffottt,

.

the.

.

i«ng, young;

ha^,

tnfotneit, in

.

.

ple,

indwelling,

inherent.

= in

jcb

hit

tnnen, within.

in^

the

jc^t,

(-^, -e), engineer.

(-e6), contents.

innttoofjncnh,

—

comparatives), the;

iebcrjctt,

in (dat.), in, at; (ace), into.

^nbtaner

January.

(-8),

however.

inbeffen,

bcr

Sanuar

always, at a time, each; {before

jcbenfatt)^,

bent.

immcr, always, ever, more, continually.

ber

bcr it,

S^xi^tn, your family.

tm=iTi

ha^ 3[a^r^unbcrt (-3, -e), century. jd^rtg, year long, lasting a year,

ber

Sungc

(-n,

-n or -ng), boy,

lad,

youth. hit Sungfrau (-, -en),

young woman,

virgin,

interesting.

ha^ Stttcrcffc {-^, -n), interest, ad-

vantage.

ber

ber

Sunt (bag)

jewel,

(-(g)),

June,

Sumct

(-g, -c or

-en),

gem.

xntcxnaUonalf international. tntticnbig, inside,

within.

Stalicn (-^; neut.), Italy.

ber ^ajfcc (-g, -g), coffee.

itoliemfc^, Italian.

bic ^offcctaffe (-, -n), coffee

cup.

ber ^at)n (-g, ^e), boat. ber 5latfcr (-g, -),

3 ja,

yes; indeed, truly, certainly,

you know,

of course,

bag Sai^r (-e6, -e), year.

ferin (-, -nen), bic

emperor;

bic

^ai*

empress,

^aifcrfomtlie (-, -n), imperial

family, family of the emperor. lax^ttio§,

without an emperor.

.

beginners' GERMAN

2l6 bie

Slaifcrhjiitbc

position

(-,

the

of

-n), oflace or

—

emperor;

thing.

see

ber

iffiiirbe,

^amcrab

com-

(-6 or -en, -en),

rade, companion, fellow.

^omm

ber

(-e6, -^e),

5lapital

capital,

-ten),

(-«,

principal.

(-,

-n), card,

map,

chart.

ber ^aftcn (-g, -), box, chest.

^a^c

bie

(-,

-n), cat.

faucn, to chew.

£aufmann

(-g,

.,

scarcely

^c^lc

bie

fci&rcn,

ber

fcin,

(-,

.

.,

.

—

when

.

.

.

.,

fo

-n), throat.

ficin, small, little.

flug, intelligent, clever, wise.

ber

^nabc

bie

^na^cnf d)ute

beiben, neither of

the two.

fcnncn (fannte, gefannt), to

fniipfen, tie,

-n), school for

(-,

(-, -^e),

colonial

power. Colonic

bie

(-,

-n), colony.

ber Slolomftttor (-g, -en), colonizer.

know,

fommcn

(fant,

ift

gefommen),

to

come, arrive, happen. -ffe),

knowledge,

^omlJagnie

bie

(-,

-n),

company

{military).

ber ^erl (-eg, -e), fellow, worthless

bad character.

fcut^cn, to pant, gasp, cough.

bag 5lonbtmcnt (-g, -e), seasoning. ber

church.

to complain; cinem ti\Q^^

^ijmg

(-g, -e), king.

bag ^omgrctc^ (-eg, -e), kingdom,

empire.

5linb (-eg, -er), child.

ftnblt;^, childlike, childish. bie ^irtftc (-, -n),

to fasten together, join,

knot.

^olonialmac^t

bie

information.

Ha gen,

(-,

ber ^od^ (-eg, ^e), cook.

be acquainted.

tiOi^

(-n, -n), boy.

colonial province, domain.

(-e«, -e),

^cnntni^

of i\sia Minor. knock, beat, pK)und.

Wo|jfcn, to

ber or bag ^olonialbcrdtft (-eg, -e),

germ, embryo. not any, no, not a; fein^ i)on

fellow,

garment, dress.

ing,

bie ^oi^lc (-, -n), coal.

.

ber better (-g, -), cellar.

bie

class

bag ^Xctb (-eg, -er), article of cloth-

to turn, sweep.

^cim

-),

ber ^nccftt (-eg, -c), servant.

mer-

-leute),

faitm, hardly, scarcely; .

(-g,

room.

chant, tradesman, shopkeeper.

.

(-, -en), class clock.

^llaffcnsimmcr

boys.

faufcn, to buy, purchase. ber

^laffcnu^r

bag

flctnafiattfrfi,

ber ^a^Jttolift (-en, -en), capitalist.

^artc

sound, tone,

fictbcn, to clothe.

battle.

bie

(-eg, -^e),

f(ar, clear, bright.

bie

5lampfc^luft (-), eager desire for

bag

^(ang

bie 5!laffc (-, -n), class.

comb.

fammcn, to comb. f am^jfen, to fight, combat, struggle. ber ^am^jf (-e^, -^e), battle, combat. ble

to complain to one of some-

ringing; repute.

fait, cold.

ber

,

bie

Conjugation

(-,

-en), conjuga-

tion.

fonjugtcrcn, to conjugate.

VOCABULARY bcr

^oniunftit)

sub-

-c),

(-(e)6,

junctive (mood).

tonmn

to; to

know, understand.

bcr

to^f

ba^

^t)|jftoc]^ (-e^,

(-e^, ^e),

head.

bit

future, coming.

tunft

-c or -en), head-

(-, ^e), art, skill.

electoral

-en),

(-en,

^urfiirft

prince. furio^, curious, singular.

^oxh

basket.

(-e6, *e),

ba6 5lorn (-e6,

-^er;

ber

Jfw. ba^ ^drn*

^urfu^

(-, -fe),

course (of in-

struction). furs, short.

d^en), grain.

body.

ber 5EiJrper (-^, -), bie ^iJr^crft^aft

tion,

cool.

fiinftig,

ber

ache. ber

cow.

bie ^nf) (-, -^e), filial,

farm; fonntc, gefonnt), to

(er

be able

217

(-, -en),

shore.

bit ^liifte (-, -n), coast,

corpora-

body.

^utft^c (-, -n), carriage, coach.

bie

ber

foftbar, costly, expensive, valuable,

^utfc^cr

coachman,

-),

(-^,

driver.

excellent, precious. fi^ftlic^,

costly, excellent, delicious.

hit ilraft

(-, -^e),

strength, vigor,

power, force, energy. fraftig, strong, frafttJOtt, full

franf, sick,

la^tln, to smile.

of strength, powerful.

ber Sabeti (-^,

iaffxttf

^rans (-e^, -^e), garland, wreath. ba^ ^xaut (-e^, -^er; dim. ba^ ^vauU

bie

chalk, crayon.

^reu55ug

(-e^, ^e),

crusade.

tional diet,

ber

ber trteg (-(e)^, -e), war. ber ^riegcr

(-(e)n,

-en),

^ron^rins

-en),

by

soil;

land.

border,

-en),

of a country.

body

(-,

-en), na-

of representatives,

parliament, congress.

Sanbmann

(-e^, -leute),

farmer,

Sanbi^mann

(-e^, -^er),

country-

man, compatriot. bie Sanbftrafec

(-en,

crown

prince.

frumm,

ber

com-

mander-in-chief. ber

,

peasant.

M, -), warrior, soldier.

ber ^rieg^tjcrt

(-,

—

SanbCi^tJcrtrctung

bie (-, -n),

Sanbc^marf

boundary

ba^ ^reuj (-e^, -e), cross, crucifix. ber

lame, crippled.

country; state; ju

vegetable,

plant,

weed. ^reibc

shop, store.

-^),

-n), situation, position,

ba^ Sanb (-e^, -e or ^er), land,

ber

bie

(-,

condition.

ness, disease.

herb,

Sage

bie

ill.

bie ^ranf^ictt (-, -en), sickness, ill-

lein),

to laugh.

lacftcn,

powerful, forceful.

-en), highroad,

(-,

highway, main country road. lang, long; lange, a long time.

crooked,

bent,

curved,

twisted; dishonest. bit ^iiti^c (-, -en),

kitchen.

bte

Sangc

(-, -n),

length.

langfam, slow, slowly. laffen (er

lafet; liefe,

gelaffen), to let,

ber ^ucftctt (-g, -), cake.

leave (alone); to let go; to cause

ber ^urfucf (-(e)6, -e), cuckoo.

or

have (done).

,

beginners' GERMAN

2l8

load, burden.

bic 2aft (-, -en),

(cifc,

ba6 Satein (-g), Latin (language). kteinifc^, Latin.

loufcn (cr ISuft;

low, soft, gentle.

bic Scftion (-, -en), lesson. bic Scrd^c (-, -n), lark.

gelaufen), to

lief, ift

run.

by

learn

ba6 Saufcn (-^), running.

U^hax,

Icfctt (er lieft; lag, gclefen),

H,

bag

of

-"-ffe),

legen, to lay, put, place;

Scgcnbc

ftd^

,

to

Ixth,

educational

bit

teaching, theory,

darling.

Sd^rerin

-nen),

(-,

bog Sicb (-eg, -er), song.

(female)

Hcgcn

teacher. Sc^rcrjaftl

number

(-),

of

-^er),

subject (or

bit

easy.

(used with

tun, tDer*

sorry; eg tut mtr

urn ®te, I pity you, I for you; bte

"iPferbe

am

ift

—

sorry

iattn ii)m

—

he was sorry for the horses.

2xppc

,

in

on the

left.

{-, -n), lip.

gelitten)

an,

to suffer

lodxq, curly. ber Soffcl (-g, -), spoon. (ol^ncn, to

reward;

SD^iifie), it is

eg lo\)nt

bag Sorbccrbtatt (-eg,

(ber

-^er),

laurel-

leaf.

lo§, loose, free, released, flowing. lufc, loose; dissolute.

mit.

lijfctt,

unfortunately.

\ici)

worth while.

from; to endure, tolerate, perIciber,

—

place.

loiien, to praise. feitt,

ben), painful, disagreeable; eg

am

first

to the left,

ber Sd^rling (-g, -e), apprentice.

(Ittt,

to be

linf (-C or -cr, -c, -eg), left; linfg,

branch) of teaching.

leiben

lie;

bit Sinic (-, -n), line; in erfter

the

bag Sci^rfad^ (-eg,

I

to

gelegen),

(lag,

situated.

teachers.

,

charming (ly).

ber Sickling (-g, -c), favorite, pet,

ber Scl^rer (-«, -), teacher.

—

at-

— \)abm, to

Sicbc (-), love.

liebUd^,

Ic^rcn, to teach.

ntir

valued,

licben, to love, like.

precept.

Icib, adj.

beloved,

dear,

charming; love, like, be fond of.

-n), legend.

(-,

bie Sciftrc (-, -n),

U\(ili, light,

people, men.

bag Stc^t (-eg, -er or -e), light.

—

institution, school.

bic

(^pL),

tractive,

bie 2cl)ranfta(t (-, -en),

bit

Scnte

ber Seutnant (-g, -g), lieutenant.

down.

lie

selection for

Scfcftiirf (-eg, -e),

le^t, last, latest, latter.

bie

good-by!

to lick.

Icrfcn,

bte

enjoy-

life.

Icbcnjoi^n farewell,

to gather,

reading, piece.

-), life.

ber ScBcn^gcnuft (-f{e^,

ment

legible.

pick out or up; to read.

itbtn, to live.

ba^ Scbcn

to

,

heart.

laut, loud, noisy, aloud.

(autcn, to sound, read.

—

Icrncn, to learn; augn^enbig

to loosen, untie, solve.

lo^Qcfftn (ging log,

ift

loggegangen),

VOCABULARY to

come

—

cinen bic Sttft

,

ha^ SJlatcrial (-^, -icn), material,

atmosphere,

air,

-^c),

(-en or -eg),

stock,

mathematics.

bic SD'latl^ematif (-),

pleasure, joy, de-

bic Suft (-, -^c),

(-eg,

mouth

-^er),

(of

(-,

mouse.

-"-c),

ba^ SWeer (-eg, -c), sea,

madden, to make,

to

do;

amount

{-, ^c),

Wlau^

bic

m effect; to

aWaul

ha^

beasts).

light, desire.

cause,

ntcerfremb,

might, strength,

maid.

bag Wltifi (-g), meal, flour, powder,

— —

Wia^^ (r, ^t), maid, kitchenmaid, general servant.

indec; hut pi., more, several; further;

(generally

tnci^r

ere),

bic

more than.

alg,

SRcftrsal^t

(-,

-en),

majority;

plural (number).

— — — my, mine; — — — mine; bag — mine.

tncin

tna^Icn, to mill, grind.

(

,

er,

),

e,

ber,

eg,

e,

May.

bcr aflat (- or -t^),

strange or unused to

the sea.

to.

power; powerful state, madfttig, mighty, powerful, strong. ha^ McLt>6)tXi (-^, -), girl, maiden, bic

March.

bcr

(-,

Ma^i

^ax^

or go off; to begin; auf to fly at, attack.

breeze.

bic

219

bie,

(t0)e,

bic ajlaib (-), (poetical), see

Wla^b,

tnctncn, to

be of the opinion, think,

suppose, mean, mat, times, time; once.

maUn,

SJlcinung

bic

ber SJlalcr (-^, -), painter.

tttcift

man

tticiftcni^,

(indec), people, one, they.

tnanc^

(

— — —

many

er,

c,

e^),

many

(a),

a one, much.

ber SJlann (-e6, -^er), bcr SWantelfad (-c«,

man, husband. -^c), portman-

teau, saddlebag.

legend.

Mart

(-,

-n), navy.

(-, -en),

boundary, bor-

(-,

melody, tune,

air. bie SJlctonc (-,

bic

SRcngc

(-,

-n), melon, -n), great quantity

number; multitude, crowd,

mass,

human being,

bic SDlenfc^iftcit (-),

humanity, man-

kind. mcrfen, to mark, observe, perceive,

24 cents.

WlatU ber WlatU

most.

most part, mostly,

person,

der country; mark, coin = about bic

for the

ber SKRenfc^ (-en, -en),

Matint

notion,

generally,

or

ha^ Wlaxditn (-g, -), (fairy) tale,

bic

(superl. of mt^x),

bic SJlclobic (-, -en),

mandftnal, sometimes, often.

bic

-en),

(-,

opinion, intention, thought, will.

to paint.

-n),

(-t^,-^t),

stamp

(letter).

market, market-

place.

marfc^tcren (aux. fein), to march.

note,

bag aWcffcr (-g, -), knife,

midiacm (ber —tag), Michaelmas (day) (Sept. 29th).

(ber)

BEGINNERS GERMAN

220 bic SJltcne

-n), mien, bearing,

(-,

expression.

mm

Mc

(-),

(superl.

-^cr),

milk glass.

mild, tender, gentle, kind,

ber

Wlomi

(-g, -e),

service.

milliard (bil-

—

morning, to-morrow; to-morrow morning. ber SJlorgen (-g, -), morning, dawn; on the next day. am folgenben

tnorgcn,

—

lion). bie SJlittion (-, -en), million.

Wlxnt

mirmit

{-, -n),

tnorgcnf(^iJn,

mine.

ntiibc, tired.

envious, jealous.

bie Wlixfic

ber 9Jltffionar (-g, -e), missionary.

and

sep,

,

as beautiful as the

morning.

minute.

(-, -n),

miftgiittfttg,

adv.

Monday.

friif),

bie 9Jlitttarbc (-, -en),

bie

month.

ber Tlontaq (-eg, -e),

moralifc^, moral.

ber SJZUitarbicttft (-eg, -c), military

bie

along,

prefix,

(-,

-n), trouble, pains,

labor; nld^t ber

effort,

ber

pounds), CO-, fellow-; prep,

bie SlRuItipUfatwtt (-, -en),

(dat.),

with, along with, together, at,

WlnUtt

to bring with or along.

one

with

mitcinanbct,

member.

mtt;

(er lauft

mitgelaufen), to

lief

mit,

ift

run with, along

or along with.

ber 2)lut (-eg), spirit,

mood,

(in)

Wlitttxna^t (-,

ber WlitttDod) (-g, -e), tttittoirfen,

to

the middle

-^e),

of.

midnight.

Wednesday.

cooperate,

assist,

collaborate, take part, contrib-

ute towards.

mogcn

mag; mod^te, gemoc^t), to like, desire, be willing; to be permitted; to be possible; may. (er

disposition,

courage.

courageous, spirited.

bie abutter (-, ^),

meal, dinner.

midway,

mouth.

murmur, grumble, com-

mother.

m

ha^ WlittdaUtt (-«), Middle Ages.

bie

^tx),

plain.

ntutig,

noon (day). (-g, -), noonday

ber SOlittag (-g, -e),

tnttten,

and

orally.

ttiiiffcn

SJlttgltcb (-g, -er),

ha^ aWittagcffcn

ntiinblitft,

mugte, gemugt), (er mug; must, to be obliged to, have to.

(each other).

mttlaufcn

multipli-

cation.

tnurrcn, to

another

iDert,

(-g, -), miller.

ber Wlttuh (-eg, -e

to.

tnitfidngcn (brad^te mit, mitgebrad^t),

—

not worth while.

along with, together; {in com-

bag

as

of mogltd^),

... as possible.

milk.

generous.

tnit,

possible.

mijglic^ft

ba^ Wlii(i)qla^ (-e^, tnilb,

mijgliti^,

nad^ (dat.), after, later; towards, to;

— unb — by — §aufe, home. ,

little

little,

by

degrees; nadftbem, after,

adv.,

afterwards;

according

conj.,

as.

ber ^^ladjfolgcr (-g, -), successor. narffgiebig, flexible, yielding.

ber 91ac^mittag (-eg, -e), afternoon. bie 9lacftrtc^t (-, -en),

news.

,

VOCABULARY bcr S'lac^fd^uift (-c6,

new

-^c),

batch,

reenforcements. closest.

—

^adii (-, ^t), night; ilbcr over night, during the night.

bic

needle.

naft (na()cr, nad^ft), near, close (by);

—

(e)

an, near to.

9^a^c

(-, -n),

htx^amt(n) (^(n)§, -n), name, title. named, of the name. namlic^, namely, to wit, that is to

nit,

never.

ber

nose.

wet.

bas

9flattottalbcnfma(

(-(c)^,

-^er),

monument.

^icbcrbcutfefte

iid)

quite

-n),

Low

down.

(er

Icifet

fi(§

niebcr;

to

sit

down,

song.

down.

nicbcrft^icften (fd^ofe nieber, nieberge*

to shoot

nod^,beside, further; still, yet,as yet;

— einmal, once more.

ber 9lomittatitJ (-g, -e),

nominative

nation.

ber '^ot)tmhcv (-(g)),

9^atur (-, -en), nature.

bie 9'lot (-, -^e),

natMtc^, natural (ly), of course. bie 9laturtt)iffcnfc^aft

(-, -en),

November.

need, want, neces-

sity, trouble, difficulty.

nat-

ural science. nei^en (dat. or ace), near,

North. northward.

ber 9florbctt (-g), the norbnjdrt!^,

bie Station (-, -en),

settle.

(case).

bag S^lattonatttcb (-eg, -er), national

necessarily,

nothjcttbigcrnjcifc,

of

necessity.

next

to,

beside.

bie

^nU

(-, -en),

naught, zero.

S^ummcr (-, -n), number, cipher. nun, now, well. bie

ncbcn^cr, along, beside.

nimmt; nal^m, genom^*

men), to take, seize. envious, jealous (auf, of).

ncin, no.

ncnncn (nannte, genannt), to name, call.

ncn,

(-n,

mcbctfc^iaucn, to look

tional holiday.

ncibtfcft,

mcbcrlaffcn

another;

na-

ber S^otionatfciertag (-eg, -c),

(er

—

,

bir

German.

fd^offen),

bie 9lafc (-, -n),

ncftmen

—

nothing; mir

niebrig, low, vile,

arr (-en, -en), fool, idiot.

naft,

bie

not.

nid^t^,

down. mean, lowly. niemanb, no one, nobody. ntmmcr, never (again).

say.

national

Year.

IteS fic^ nieber, fic^ ntebergelaffen),

namcni^,

9^1

tticftt,

nicbcr, nether, low,

nearness, neigh-

borhood.

ber

New

ncutt, nine; neunte, ninth.

coolly, without ado.

ber S^lagcl (-^, ^), nail.

bic

ticugicrig, curious(ly).

ha^ S^cuja^r (-eg, -e).

nat^ft (superl. of naif)), next, nearest,

bie 9label (-, -n),

221

new; neuere @prad^en, modern

languages.

nur, only, merely, scarcely, a little

while ago, but just, just. gu nu^e;

— madden,

to turn to ad-

vantage, avail one's Slu^en (-g), vantage.

ber

nit^Hd^, useful,

use,

self of.

profit,

advantageous.

nu^io^f useless, unprofitable.

ad-

beginners' GERMAN

222

o vh,

if,

(-«, -), uncle.

ba^ C^fct (-^, -), offering, sacrifice,

on high, at the

ohtUf above, aloft,

victim.

make

H^crfrcubig, willing to

top.

ober^atb, above.

Ohtxiippt

bit

Ohtvpvima, upper

(-, -n),

highest class in a

upper first

Op^Ctn, to sacrifice.

lip.

(grade);

German

{-,

proper,

usual. ber Often (-^), East.

-n), a

German

higher school in which the ancient languages are displaced

by

the modern, and where the arts, sciences,

Othtntixd^, orderly, regular,

higher

school, ninth year.

Ohtxxtali^nit

sacri-

fices, self-sacrificing.

hit

hit

Onfcl

ber

whether.

and technical subjects

are emphasized.

Oftern (pL), Easter.

bie

fifterrcic^ (-^; neut.), ijftlicft,

Oftmarf

bie

Austria.

eastern, easterly.

eastern border

(-, -en),

country. Baltic Sea.

bie Dftfcc (-),

second (grade); seventh year in a GerC^crfchinba,

hit

man

upper

higher school.

oberft (superl. of obcr), top, highest.

bag

$aar

ber Obcrft (-en, -en), chief, colonel.

ftc^

^acfen,

upper third (grade); year in a German higher

bie Obertcrtia,

fifth

Obrigfctt {-, -en), magistrate,

ha^ Obft (-e^), fruit.

though, although.

Dfcn

offcn,

(-g,

-^),

oven, stove.

open, frank, public.

ijffentlic^,

oft,

to open.

ijftct!^

{compar. of oft), quite often. without, but for, ex-

— — hai

but

save without his seeing, so that he did not see. that;

$arf

(-eg, -e),

park.

iparlamentarifd^, parliamentary. hit ^eitfcfte (-, -n),

$crfon

bie

(-, -en),

whip. person, role.

clergyman, par-

son, minister.

ber

(acc.)y

cept;

feiner

ha^ ^^artamcnt (-eg, -e), parliament.

ipfctfen (pflff, gepftffen),

often.

o^nc

ftc^

way.

ber ^farter (-g, -),

public.

ber Ofpsicr (-«, -c), officer. flffncn,

to be gone;

to go his way, clear out

ber ^apxcttoxh (-cS, ^), paper-bas-

ber

Dber, or, or else, otherwise. ber

his

,

ket.

authorities.

Dblt)Oi|l,

on

—

ha^ ^apitx (-g, -c), paper.

school. bic

SBege

(-eg, -c), pair, couple.

ba6,

that,

er bemerfte,

German

to whistle.

(-g, -e),

the smallest

coin, tott

mark; about

pfennig

I cent.

bag $ferb (-eg, -c), horse. bie

^fingftcn

(pl.)y

Whitsuntide,

Pentecost.

^^an^t

(-, -n),

ha^ Oftr (-(e)g, -en), ear.

bie

ber Dftobcr (-(«)), October.

pflan^tn, to plant.

plant.

VOCABULARY plum.

hit ?Pf(ottmc (-, -n),

care

(-, -n),

^flcgc

bit

(of,

for),

tending, fostering, cultivating. hit

$iftok

hit

^kgc

(-, -n), pistol.

(-, -n),

223

ber

plague.

^(antagc

hit

^lantagcn&cfi^ung

(-, -n),

to take revenge.

^aitnpla^

(-c^, ^e),

lawn.

bie 9f{oft (-), rest.

plantation.

bic

fic5 tati)cn,

raM, quick (ly).

(-, -en),

plan-

bcr 9iai^^ttt (-n, -en),

alderman,

councilman.

tation possession, dependency,

bic fftaitc (-, -n), rat.

dominion.

bcr 9lcalgt)mnafiaft (-en, -en), pupil

bcr

$la^

bcr

$la^regen (-«,-), sudden down-

of a QfJealQtjmnafium.

(-c«, -^c), place.

pour of rain. sudden (ly).

also ©i^mnafium;

.school in

pioi^iiti),

(num-

{-^, -t), plural

bcr ^plural

ber ^ratt (-^),

bounce, rebound.

^rcuftctt (-^; neut.), Prussia.

-n),

(-,

private

bcr ^rofcffur (-«, -en), professor.

your health!

may

it

do you

good!

ing.

right, quite, real; properly;

rcd^t,

—

f)abcn,

—

ten

ha^

-e),

(-e^,

to be right; e^ alien ?eu*

maii)tn, to please or suit

ffttdjt

title,

ha^ ^nli (-e«, -e), desk. "tl^nnft

task or

everyone.

bic $rx)fa (-), prose.

ber

bie dttti^tnan^Qaht (-, -en),

count upon.

school.

much

given with fewer

is

ha^ dtcttjntn (-^), arithmetic, count-

bic ^tinscffin (-, ~nen), princess.

I^rofit!

re-

ted^nen, to count, calculate, reckon,

(-en, -en), prince.

$rtkjatfc^|u(c

is

placed by the modern languages

lesson in arithmetic.

pvtn^iid), Prussian.

bie

higher

lessons than in the ©tjntnaftum.

ha^ ^vd^tn^, present tense.

^rins

German

which Greek

while Latin

ber). :ponttf(^, political.

bcr

ha^ OieaIgl)mnafium (-^, -ten), see

point,

ttti^i^,

dot,

period; sharp (of time).

(-c6,

claim,

right,

-c),

law, justice.

to the right,

bic JRebe (-, -n),

on the

right.

speech.

rcbcn, to speak, talk.

ha^ dtthtn (-^), talking, speaking. regc, astir, lively, active.

a Cluabtatmettc

bic

bcr Sfiegcn (-^, -), rain. (-,

-n), square

bie Clttarta,

year in a bie

OueIKe

JRegentro^fen

(-^,

fourth grade; the third

regicren, to reign, rule.

German

rcgnen, to rain.

(-,

Cuinta, year in a

bie

bcr

-),

rain-

drop.

mile,

higher school,

-n), spring, source,

fifth

grade; the second

German

higher school.

rcicft,

rich.

ha^ ditx^ (-cS, -c), empire, king-

dom, realm.

BEGINNERS' GERMAN

224

bic 9(?cic^i§o«ge(e9Cttftett (-, -en), af-

rose,

ber Dfieic^^fansJcr (-^, -),

Imperial

Chancellor.

hcL^ •

btc Dflcic^^regicrung (-, -en),

ment

govern-

ber Stiirfgang {-t^,

ber 9Juf (-e^,-e), call, cry; vocation,

calling; reputation.

Parliament. ripe, mature.

rufen

-n), row, rank, line,

order.

sleep. ru^ett, to rest, sleep,

(-n,

JReifigc

horseman,

-n),

—

tranquil,

still,

peaceful. gerlffen), to tear;

(rife,

an

fid^

to usurp.

,

quiet (ly),

rul^ig,

trooper. rcifien

ex-

call,

peace, quiet,

bie DfJul^C (-, -n), rest,

journey. ber

to

gerufen),

(rtef,

claim.

and l^aben), to travel,

reifen {aux. feiit

going back,

-^e),

return, retreat, retrogression.

diet.

bie ^Jlet^e (-,

JRog (-ffe^,-[fe), horse, charger.

rot, red.

of the empire.

ber Stcic^^tag (-e^, -e), (imperial)

retf,

-n; dim. ba« 9^o3letn),

bic 9fJofc (-,

empire.

fairs of the

retten (ritt,

ift

rirnb,

gerttten), to ride

famous, glorious.

ru^mtiott,

round.

(on

horseback), bie DftcUgion (-, -en), religion.

rennen (rannte,

ift

hit

gerannt), to run,

(-«, -), inhabit-

Oiftctnpfalser

ant of Rhine.

the

Palatinate

of

ber bie

the

Sarf

thing,

affair,

to judge;

to try;

to

execute. ber O^ic^ter (-^, -), judge.

bie

ba^ 9iic^tftau^

(-fe^,

^fer),

court-

tale,

to

say,

speak,

pro-

tell,

Sammlung

(-, -en), collection.

ber Sanii^tag (-e^, -e),

ber

order.

bag.

saying,

nounce.

ber

ric^ttg, right, correct, in

-n),

(-,

legend, tradition.

arrange, put in

order; to regulate; to turn; to

address;

(-e^, -^e), sack,

©age

fftg^n,

tic^ten, to adjust,

Saturday.

©ang (-e^, -^e), song, singing, Sa^ (-e^, -^e), sentence, phrase.

faucr, sour, cross, ber 8c^abc(n) (-n^, ^),

damage,

in-

jury, wrongs.

house. rictften (rod^, geroc^en),

to smell.

W ©d^alc

ber Oliemen (-^, -), strap; thong. tiefen^aft, gigantic. ttttnen (rann,

ift

geronnen), to flow,

run.

Romanic, Romance.

(-, -n), shell, skin, peel,

husk. bag

©(i^attiaftr

(-ce)g,

-e),

leap-

flock,

mui-

year.

©(^ar

bie

ber JJJoggen (-g), rye.

wmanifcft,

-v),

{-,

Sacftfen (-^; neut.), Saxony,

race. ber Utetter (-^, -), savior, rescuer. ber

cause, case.

(-, -en),

titude, crowd.

W
band,

VOCABULARY bcr Sc^iattcn (-6, -),

shadow.

fc^ncibcn (fc^nitt, gefd^nitten), to cut.

fd^a^en, to treasure, prize, value,

ber ©cftttcibcr (-g, -), cutter, tailor.

look at, gaze upon, be-

hold, see.

f(^ncH, rapid(ly), swift, quick,

Sc^ottc

bic

play-) window,

©rfiaum

foam, lather.

or ^at gefd^ieben),

fd^dn, pretty, beautiful, lovely,

(fd^ien, gefc^ienen),

to shine;

bcr

fdftreiBcn

boatman. fd^tmpfen, to insult; to abuse;

—

bcr ©dfirciibcr (-g, -), writer, scribe,

secretary, clerk, author. ((ftrcictt

auf, to vituperate, rail against,

bcr ©d^tm^jfnamc (-ng, -n),

abusive

to sleep.

fd^tiftlici^,

bcr

8

fc^Iagcn (er

his

fci^Iagt; fd^Iug,

gcfd^Iagcn),

to strike, beat; to rout or defeat.

bad, wicked; poor,

ift

gefd)ritten),

to

step, stride,

-e),

(-eg,

feincg ©d^ritteg gef)en, to

to shut,

close, lock, join, press

(to the

heart), conclude.

bcr 8(ftu^ (-eg, -e), shoe.

shoemaker,

cobbler. fd^utbloi^, guiltless,

bic

f(^limm, bad.

go

way.

bcr ©c^iui^marficr (-g,-),

((^licfeen (fc^Iofe, gcfd^loffcn),

©d^ulc

(-,

innocent,

-n), school,

bcr ©(^filler (-g, -), pupil; bic ©d^ii^

(fc^Iang,

gcfd^Iungcn),

to

wind, entwine; to swallow,

bcr SrffliifFel (-g, -), key.

taste,

bag Bd)nif)an^ relish,

eg fc^mcdt mir, I like

taste it.

fc^nattcn, to buckle, snap.

ittfuappcn, to snap, snatch, {-, -n),

Icrin (-, -ncn), (girl) pupil, bic ©ci^itlersai^l (-, -en),

number

of

pupils,

fc^mat, narrow.

©c^nau5C

cry

written, in writing,

c^ir itt

pace;

bic

(fd^ritt,

fcftrcitctt

ba^ ©c^lafsimmer (-g, -), bedroom.

good;

to

stride, proceed.

fc^ilafcn (er fc^Iaft; fd^Iief, gcfd^Iafcn),

to

gefc^rieen),

(fd^rie,

(out).

name, nickname.

fd^mcrfcn,

to

gefc^rieben),

(fd^rieb,

write,

bcr (Bd^x^ct (-g, -), skipper, sailor,

sling,

wardrobe,

frightful, terrible, awful.

fdftrcrflic^,

c^en), ship, vessel,

fc^Ungen

-^c),

closet,

bcr ©dftrcrf (-g, -c), fright.

jest, joke.

ba^ Sddiff (-eg, -e; dim. ba^ ©d^iff*

frfjlcd^t,

(-eg,

©(ftratif

cupboard, case,

to send.

f(^i(fctt,

creation, for-

(-, -en),

mation,

to seem, appear.

Merjcn, to

©c^o^jfung

bic

to depart; to separate.

Mcincn

sod;

f(^on, already.

(-eg, -^e),

(fc^ieb, ift

fc^icibcti

clod,

-n),

(-,

ground.

ba^ ©c^aufcnftcr {-^, -), show- (dis-

ber

snow.

fd^neten, to

estimate. ittjaucn, to

225

snout, muzzle.

^er), school-

(-fcg,

house, bcr ©eftut^of (-eg,

bag

©(^ulfinb

-^c),

(-eg,

school yard, -er),

school

child, bic ©d^ulftttbc (-, -n),

schoolroom.

beginners' GERMAN

226 ha^ Sci^wlsimmer

school-

-),

(-8,

room. ber

scoundrel,

-n),

(-n,

rogue, villain.

page.

©(^u^

sideways, on one side.

itxttt)dvt^,

Sefunbe (-, -n), second. each with the other two. felOft, self, myself, yourself, himbic

bie 8(^uffc( (-, -n), dish.

felbbrttt,

defense, shelter,

(-e^)/

protection, care.

self, itself, etc.;

ba^ Sc^u^gcbict (-c6, -e), protectorate; colony.

even.

independent, separate. seldom, rare.

felbftanbtg; felten,

weak.

fdjhiodj,

since, for.

bie
8(fturfc

ber

feit,

fcltfom, strange, curious.

©emmel

ber Sc^ttJanj (-e^, ^t), tail.

hit

fc^marj, black.

fenben (fanbte, gefanbt), to send.

f(ft rtJOrsgrau,

f(^tt>ctgcn

be

black-gray, dark gray.

be quiet, cease (speak-

fe^en, to set, seat, put, place. feufjen, to sigh, groan.

heavy,

diflScult,

hard, seri-

bie (Bt^ta, sixth

in a

ous.

bag

sword.

8cftttjcrt (-e^, -er),

fic^

ba^ Sei^ttjcrtgcflirr (-«), clanking of

to whir,

fc^rtjijren

(fd^njur,

to

itself,

M,

See^anbel

ber

vow.

ber

Se^nfut^t

(-g),

ocean com-

fa^, gefef)en),

—

very, tft;

—

t,

seven;

ficbtc

(ftcbcnte),

sev-

victor's

(-eg, ''c),

ha^

©Uber

(-g), silver.

bag Singeti (-g), singing. to see,

(-),

longing.

ber

much, greatly. mar,

tft

—,

his,

e&; ber, hit, ba«

Singular • (number).

ber

(-g,

-c),

fittfen (fanf, ift gefunfen),

longingly.

Sinn

(-eg,

-e),

singular

to sink.

sense,

mind,

thought, meaning; taste.

getDefen), to

be;

ftnnen

(fann,

gefonnen),

to

think,

meditate, reflect.

eg finb, there are. feln,

sure, guar-

wreath, garland.

(-«, -), blessing.

ftef)t;

feftnfiit^tig,

fcin (er

make

fingen (fang, gefungen), to sing.

Segen

feftr,

to insure,

ber ©iegerfranj

ocean.

look. bie

flc^ertl,

enth.

merce.

feften (er

one another.

secure, safe, sure, certain.

fteiien,

-n), lake.

(-, -n), sea,

(yourselves),

antee.

six; fec^fte, sixth.

See See

higher school.

ace. of reflexive pro-

them-

ftc^er,

gefc^moren),

ber Scftnjur {-^, ^e), oath,

ber

and

selves; each other;

flit, fly.

swear, take oath.

bic

{dat.

grade; lowest class

yourself

bic Sd^hjcftcr (-, -n), sister. fcfittjirrcn,

German

nouns)^ himself, herself,

swords.

fc(f|!^,

September.

ber Seffel (-«, -), seat, chair.

ing). id^tOCtf

ber Se^jtemBer (-«),

to

Qefd^tDlegen),

(fd^mieg,

silent,

(-, -n), roll.

its;

—

— — cr,

(i8)e, his.

c,

finnloi^,

unconscious, thoughtless,

foolish,

unmeaning.

VOCABULARY fi^ctt (fa6, ficfcffcn),

to

sit.

thus, such (a);

fo, so,

—

oI«,

foUJO^il

.

al^ audi, as well ... as.

.

.

@)iamen

as long as. fofort,

much.

so or as

fotitel, lattfic

227

(-^; neut.), Spain.

bcr
immediately; at once.

fogat, even.

ipan^dj, Spanish.

fogenannt, so called.

f^annen, to span, stretch, cock (a

gun).

fogteic^, see fofort.

bcr ©oftn (-c«, ^c), son. fold^

(—er,

such

— —

such;

i«),

c,

—

ipat, late. -

cincr,

f^asicren or

©olbat (-en, -en), soldier. fotten, to owe, be obliged or bound

have

to;

aw^.), shall, should, ought, n)a«

that

mean fomit,

must;

what {lit., what do you

fein?

\>a^

foil

shall

(as

be),

ba^ Bpitl (-^, -e), play, game. f^ielen, to play.

bcr

f^ji^,

{-^, -),

summer.

cation, holidays.

©ommcri^t^c

bic

-n),

summer

tinae.

Bmnahtnh

bic

Sonne

{-^, -t),

Saturday.

-n), sun.

f^rtngcn

saying,

(f prang, ift

gcfprungcn), to

spring, leap; to break.

S^ntd^

©onnenfd^ein

bcr

Btaai

bic

sunshine

(-«),

(light).

(-c6,

-"-c),

saying,

maxim.

(-e«, -en), state,

^ScrcintQtcn

country;

©taatcn. United

States. bcr ©taati8ftau)gftatt (-eg, -e), finance,

©onncnftra^l

(-«,

-en),

ray

(beam) of the sun. bcr ©onntag (-^, -e), Sunday. otherwise,

else,

besides,

moreover, formerly.

Bov^t

-^cr),

proverb.

f^itren, to trace, track, perceive.

bcr

bic

foreign lan-

to speak, talk, say.

bcr

fotibctn, but.

fonft,

,

bag
(Bommetmonai (-(c)«, -c), summer month. bic ©ommcrsctt {-, -tn), summer-

bcr

—

guage.

bcr

bcr

-n), speech, lan-

{-,

frentbc

f|>rcci^en (cr fprtd^t; fprad^, gcfprod^cn),

(-,

heat.

(-,

playground.

{-t^, ^t),

pointed, sharp.

Bpta^t

guage;

©ommcrfcrtcn (pL), summer va-

bic

Bpxdpia^

ha^ ©^ielnjarcngefdftdft (-«, -c), toy

bic

©ommer

on

shop.

consequently, accordingly,

then. bcr

ride

-e),

(-c^,

f^etfen, to eat.

that?

b}?^

to go walking.

ficl^cn,

horseback.

bcr

in duty; to be or

—

©^asterritt

bcr

a.

(-,

-n),

sorrow, care,

anxiety, trouble. forgcnfrei, free

from

care.

administration of revenue, budget. bcr
6tabt

(-,

-^c), staff,

-"^c),

ber
town, -^c),

stick. city.

stem, trunk;

family, race.

ftammen, to be descended, sprung, derived (from).

BEGINNERS GERMAN

228 bcr

Stanb

—

bic

(-c§, -^c), position; in ben

bic ©trcrfe (~, -n), stretch,

to enable.

fcljen,

Stange

rod, bar,

(-, -n), pole,

spread, strike, cancel,

strong, stout.

instead

\tati (gen.),

ftc(^en (er

ftid^t;

to

ftretten

to stick, put, place. (-eg,

^c),

pin-

(-e^,

(ftanb,

be situated, be, stop.

gcfticgen), to

(-,

(-, -en),

chair, stool,

-^c),

(-, -en),

subtrac-

fud^en, to seek, search (for),

placing, posi-

ber ©iibcn (-g). South. fitblicJ^,

ift

gcftorbcn),

south, southern.

bit ©iibfce (-),

South Sea;

(BVih\tt^

gebiet, see ©ebiet.

steadily, continually, always. e), still, silent,

Stimme

(-,

8«mmc

armer

-n), voice.

ber (Storf (-e^), story {of

hit

(-, -n),

sum.

bcr Siinbcr (-g, -), sinner, culprit;

quiet.

ber Stocf (-e^, -^e), stick, cane.

a house).

ha^ BtodtDttt (-e^, -e), story, floor. fto(5,

©tubicn),

bie

stumpy, blunt, dull. Stunbc (-, -n), hour, period;

hit ©ttbtraftion

to die.

bie

(-g,

tion.

to place, put, set.

—

Stubtum

recitation.

-n), place, position,

fterben (er ftirbt; ftarb,

(

-n), room,

(-,

©tubcnt (-en, -en), student.

bic

tion, posture.

fttff

©tube

study,

stony, rocky.

Stcttung

ftct^,

stocking,

-^c),

ftumpf,

©tein (-e6, -e), stone.

fteffcn,

stanza,

(-eg,

ftubicrcn, to study,

situation.

bic

stream, river,

-^c),

(-, -n),

ber Stuftl (-eg,

steep.

bic Stelle

to fight,

bag Stiirf (-eg, -e), piece,

mount,

ascend.

ftcinig,

igfeiten),

sock,

bag ift

(-g,

ber

geftoWcn), to

steal. ftcigcn (ftieg,

ber

Strom Strophe

bic

geftanben), to stand,

ftcl^len (cr ftiel^tt; ftaf)I,

ftci(,

ber

footplank,

-c),

bridge, path. ftc^cn

—

geftrttten),

(ftritt,

bic

bcr

(Steg

or

quarrel, dispute,

head. bcr

-e

(-eg,

dispute, quarrel, conflict.

strife,

ftad^, gcftod^en),

Stcrfnabclfopf

ber

©trcit

bcr of.

stick, pierce, sting. ftcrfcn,

to stroke,

ftrct(^ett (ftric^, geftrid^en),

stick. jtavt,

extent,

distance, extension.

bic

—

Sup^c

condemned

,

(-,

-n),

(Suppcnlpffel, see fiifjf,

criminal,

soup,

broth;

!2dffel.

sweet.

proud.

ber 8tol5 (-e8), pride. ber

Stranb

(-eg, -e), strand,

seacoast.

hk

(Straftc (-, -n), street.

ftrefien,

to strive, struggle.

beach,

bie

XaUl

{-,

iEBanbtafel,

bcr

Xaq

-n),

day. every dav.

(-eg, -e),

tagtid^, daily,

table,

blackboard,

board;

VOCABULARY

H,

XaUx

bcr

German

-),

coin, 3

marks.

traut, clear; beloved, intimate. bie

bit

Xantt Xa^d^c

-n), aunt.

(r,

ba^ Xajd^tnttt^

(-eg,

-^cr),

hand-

bie

Xat

tre«, faithful, true, sincere, loyal,

(-, -en),

bit

cup.

(-/ -T^)f

deed, act, action.

ber Xtf>p\tn (-g, -), drop. ber

(-eg),

participation,

ivo^btm, although, notwithstand-

withstanding, although. (-),

sympathy,

share,

interest,

co-

XtUtv

ing.

ber Xtnic^ (-eg), boldness, defiance;

H,

-), plate.

teucr, dear, costly,

<S(^ul5

beloved.

bit

ba^ Xxtx (-§, -e), animal.

{-,

XuQcnh

-^er),

ber

^if^

(-eg, -e), table.

bit

ber ^ifcftler (-§, -), joiner, cabinet-

maker.

Xnv

(-, -en),

ber

U

-n), school for

exercise, practise, drill.

higher than, across, on account

Xob (-eg), death. mad, absurd.

of;

Xxah

(-eg, -e), trot.

way

of.

everywhere.

itl^erlbnngen (ilberbrad^te, iiberbrad^t),

to bring to or over, deliver.

(er trftgt; trug, getragen),

bear, carry; to endure, suffer. trotttig, sad,

about, by

itberaU, all over,

trdge, lazy.

tragen

ttl^en,

bad.

uhtt (dat. or ace), over, above,

ber $tor (-en, -en), fool.

ber

door.

do gymnastics. bag Xntntn (-g), gymnastics.

iibcl, evil,

girls.

toH,

am

table-cloth.

daughter.

bie Xo^itx\
to do, per-

nxir leib, I

turtten, to

ber Xritl (-g, -), title. «•),

cloth.

(-, -en), virtue.

form, make; eg tut

-n), ink.

^ot^ter (-,

defense and of-

sorry.

Xintt

-^er),

,

tutt (er tut; tat, getan),

animal fable.

bit

ba^ Sifc^tut^- (-eg,

—

bag Xntfi (-c«,

deep, far.

bie ^ierfafiel (-, -n),

unb

fense.

ber Xiivon (-g, -e(n)), throne.

bie

comfort, solace.

tro^ (gen,), in spite of, despite, not-

operation.

tief,

Xw\t

the most

grdfeten 2:eile, for

XtUnatftat

ber

to drink.

dry.

trorfcn, to

part. bit

(-), fidelity, loyalty.

iro^fcn, to drop.

technical.

ber (ba^) Xtxl (-g, -e), part, share;

sum

Xtmt

trinfett (tranf, getrunfcn),

tdtXQ, active. tccftniftft,

getre*

good.

watch.

bie ^afrfienuiftr (-, -en),

Xa^U

ift

walk, step.

ten), to tread,

kerchief.

bie

(-, -n), stairs, staircase,

tretcn (er tritt; trat, ^at or

pocket.

{-, -n),

^re^^e

flight of stairs.

bcr Xatttttnhanm (-eg, ^e), fir-tree.

bit

229

sorrowful.

to

iificrgcbcn (er ilbergibt; ilbergab, iibcr*

geben), to give over, surrender.

itbermorgen,

day

after to-morrow.

beginners' GERMAN

230 iilberteic^ett,

to

hand

or reach over,

umf^JontiCtt, to stretch

present.

transoceanic,

uftcrfcctfc^,

across

unab^dngtg, independent. unaMdffig, incessant (ly).

the ocean.

and

ii'bcrfc^cn {aux. fein

Fiaben), to

leap over, cross over (a river,

unaufmcrffom, inattentive. unbefannt, unb, and.

iibcrfc'^cn, to translate.

day

iibcriibcrmorgen, the

after the

after to-morrow; three

itnbeutlid^, indistinct,

days

hence.

conquer,

sur-

mount.

sension.

over, remaining, super-

U^rmad^cr maker.

bcr

{-%, -), clock

(watch)

(-,

-en),

clock

(watch) shop.

ungenau, inexact, inaccurate. ungcrabc, not straight, not even;

ungliirffclig,

bie

around, about, near,

{ace),

concerning, over, past; for, in

auf ber

to bring to death; eincn urn tiXQd^ to cause one to lose some-

take

thing,

away something

from one. umgel^cn

to

um,

ift

unrcc^t,

UmMkg

not right, wrong.

unft^ulbtg, innocent, guiltless.

—

and

l)aben),

W,

bag)

—— or —

—

,

e

(e)re, ige,

-"-e),

untdttg, inactive.

downstairs.

to

untcr {dat. or ace), under (neath),

below, among.

turning up

sudden change, turn;

cover; envelope.

(ber,

unten, below, beneath, underneath,

around, about.

{-^,

,

our, ours.

turn around or about. or over;

university;

at the university.

Unfd^ulb (-), innocence, purity.

bie

umgcQangen),

(lag um{)er, um^iergcle* lie

umfcl^rctt {aux. fein

ber

,

unmittelbar, immediate, direct.

to associate with.

gen),

—

unfcr {gen.ofXQ\x),oi us;

(giiiQ

um^crltcgcn

unhappy, unfortunate. the Union,

Union (-, -en), United States.

bie Unitjerfitdt (-, -en),

to.

ttmbrtngctt (brac^tc urn, umgebrad^t),

,

Hungary.

odd.

m^rmod^crci

—

(-«; neut.),

most, near.

timepiece, clock,

(-, -€n),

order

Ungarn

ungefd^r, approximate, about, al-

watch; time of day.

urn

disunited, at variance.

uneitii^,

uncnblid^, endless.

fluous. bic Uftr

unsuit-

bie Uneinigfett (-, -en), discord, dis-

overcome,

ixbxx^f left

rough;

able.

iibcrtoinbcn (iibcrmanb, ilbertuunben),

bic

uneven,

uneben,

power, subdue.

obscure, con-

fused.

to overcome, over-

iibertoalttgcn,

to

unknown, ignorant, un-

acquainted.

etc.).

day

around, en-

circle.

bie

Untcr fialtung

(-, -en),

tion, entertainment.

conversa-

;

VOCABULARY Uc

llntttixppc

lower

(-,

under or

-n),

ture, digest. (cr

untcmtntmt; untcr*

Ucrbeffcrn, to render better, correct,

improve.

nat)m, unternommcn), to under-

take, attempt.

t)txhinbcn

ha^ Untcrpf anb (-c^,

t)erbletben

Untcr^rimo, lower

first

stand under.

be under

to

(one's

support, prop, sus-

Untcrtertia,

propping,

United States.

third

the fourth year of a

JBergangcn^cit (-, -en), past.

ijcrgcblic^, in vain.

standing or judgment;

under-

folly.

unwell, indisposed.

tJcrgleic^cti

(berglid^,

and so

forth.

fatherland,

native country; Germany, JBcranlaffung

(-,

-en),

to

adjust;

fSttltflv

promising.

sell.

traffic,

(-§),

communication,

inter-

com-

merce.

ber fSatet (-«, ^), father.

occasion, motive.

bergttc^cn),

even,

(-ffe6, -ffc), relation,

ticri^ciftungi^tJoH,

course,

bic

or

condition, circumstances.

bcr

-^er),

tierga^, bergef^

to compare.

ba^ f8txfidUm§

ucrfaufcn, to

ha^ JBatcrknb (-^,

t)ergi6t;

fen), to forget.

make equal

higher school.

fo toelter),

laws, constitutional.

bcrgeffcn (er

lower

the

ber Untierftanb (-e^), lack of

(unb

united; ^erelnigtc 2)taa^

terioration.

bic

support, assistance.

ttfft).

displace,

berfaffung^gcmdff, according to the

shelter.

bic Untcrftii^ung (-, -en),

(grade);

ten.

to put, place under,

tain; to second (a motion).

German

unt, service to.

ber HBcrfall (-«), decay, decline, de-

put under cover or untcrftii'^cn, to

—

crowd out,

vexed, cross.

tocrbriefiUc^, Jjcrcittigt,

command).

unttJOi^l,

profit, merit;

l^erbrangen, to

supplant.

un'tctfte^cn (ftanb unter, untergcftan*

btc

serve.

higher school.

Utttcrftcttcn,

propaga-

(-, -en),

tierbtenen, to earn, gain, merit, de-

second

lower

Unterfcfunba,

(grade) ; the sixth year in a Ger-

untcrfte'i^en,

berbllcbcn),

ba^ (ber) JBcrbienft (-e^, -e), gain,

difference.

ben), to

ift

tion, circulation, spreading.

bcr Untcrf(^icb (-«, -c), distinction,

man

(derblieb,

bic SJcrbrcitung

higher school.

untcrric^'tcn, to teach, instruct.

bic

to

to remain, persist.

(grade)

the next highest year in a Ger-

Derbunbcn),

(toerbanb,

bind, unite, join.

pledge,

-^er),

security.

man

work up, manufac-

\)txathttttn, to

lip.

unternci^men

bit

231

cause,

bic fStxtcfix^ht^itfiunq (-, -en),

com-

mercial relations. ber fStxlttfX^^abtn (-«, ^),

communication

or

thread of

commerce.

beginners' GERMAN

232

to par-

tjcraeilften (bcrgtelf)/ bersiel)en),

see

commer-

i8erfef)r6be3ie()ung,

cial condition.

bie fStt^cxijunq

tJcrflagen, to accuse,

bring action

against, sue. ijcrraffen

(cr

ein

^tto

toerlcifet;

berlaf*

tjerliefe,

abandon.

biclbeoc^tct,

regarded, t)ielfa(^,

(derlor, berloren), to lose.

injury, waste.

much respected, much heeded.

many

times, fre-

toierte,

four

fourth.

cornered,

square,

rectangular.

(er t)emimmt; \)tvna^m, Dernommen), to hear, perceive.

tJcrne^men

bie 8!^iertclftunbe (-, -n),

of

tJcrfaumen, to neglect, miss.

ber ISBogcl (-^, ^), bird.

ba^ fSolt (-c§,

down, swallow.

fd^lDunben), to disappear, vanish.

great-

ness of nations or racej.

SBoWcrhjanberung

bie

(-,

-en), mi-

gration of peoples.

tjcrfparen, to spare, save. bie 25erfprc(^ung (-, -en),

people, nation,

bie fS'olftVQXd^c (-, -n), size or

ber*

ift

-"-er),

race.

kicrfc^Ungcn (berfd^Iang, bcrfc^Iungen),

(berfc^toanb,

a quarter

an hour.

tJerfd^icben, different.

to twine, gulp

highly

manifold, often.

four;

t)icrerfig,

ijcrmiffcn, to miss.

t^crfc^njinben

bill).

quently. kiicr,

bermeint, supposed, imaginary.

veto (a

much, many.

t)itimal{§), often,

damage,

bcr 85eduft (-e^, -e), loss,

pardon.

(-),

einlegen, to

(me^r, meift),

t)icl

leave (behind), forsake,

fen), to

tier Iter en

don.

promise.

tierftccfctt,

to hide, conceal.

toerftc^cn

(oerftanb,

bie f8olU^d)viU (-, -n),

common to

Derftanbcn),

understand.

primary or

school.

ha^ fSolUtnm (-^,

-^er),

nationality.

t)otl, full (of).

complete,

Uerfuc^cn, to attempt, try.

tjolfenben, to

Ucrtcilcn, to divide, distribute, ar-

tooQenb^, entirely, completely.

t)om = t)on bent.

range, apportion. tJcrtUgcti; to

Uertreten (er ten), to

destroy, exterminate. tocrtritt; t)crtrat, ftertre*

stand in place of another,

ISBertretcr

(-«, -), representa-

tive.

ber

fStttoanhtc

(dat.), of, from, by, upon, concerning.

toon

tJOr {dat.

in,

on,

and ace), before, formerly, on ac-

in front of, in presence of,

represent. ber

finish.

{-n,

-n; ein

related one, relative.

—

—

^r),

head, foremost, ahead. tjoraui^rcnnen (rannte t)orau«,

^r),

pre-

sumptuous, insolent, saucy

fel-

bcr fStxtvtqtnt {-n, -n; tin

count of, with, from, against; ago. Doran, before, on, onwards, at the

low. htttonnhcti, surprised, astonished.

auggerannt),

to

ift

bor*

run ahead, in

advance. tjorBcrctten, to

beforehand.

prepare, get ready

VOCABULARY k»or6Ubcn, to foreshadow, represent;

to give a preparatory education,

JBorbilbung (-, -en), prepara-

JBorbcrgrunb

fore-

*c),

(-e^,

front tablet.

bor,

{tarn

to

come

tft

forth,

t)orgcfoTn*

appear,

happen.

choice, selection,

lay before, display.

fSotit^nnq

toatiXf true,

-en),

{-,

reading

at each elec-

wood,

d^en),

SBanb

dim.

hoi^ SSiilb*

forest.

govern, rule,

(-, -^c), wall,

ber SSanberer (-g, -), traveler, pil-

grim.

ber JBormittag (-e^, -e), forenoon.

nimmt

borgenommen),

t)or;

nal^m

t)or,

take before,

to

take in hand, undertake. bic !S8Drfrf|uk (-, -n),

hjanbern

fein),

bic SBanbcrfd^aft (-, -en), traveling,

bcr SSanbeti^mann

-Icute),

{-{t)^,

wanderer, traveler,

ber S5orfi^ (-eg), presidency.

ber SSanbertrieb

pronounce to one how to

or for (one), teach

pronounce.

(-g, -e),

aSanbfarte

bic

(-,

-n), wall

QCtragen), to carry or bring be-

(on),

deliver

(a

map

or chart, bte SSanbtafel (-, -n),

toortragen (er tragt dor; trug dor, dor-

impulse

(inclination) to wander,

tiorfprerfien (er fpric^t dor; fprad^ t)or,

lecture

wander,

to

pilgrimage,

preparatory or

to

{aux.

roam, travel,

elementary school.

Dorgefprod^en),

,

genuine, real,

ber SBttlb (-eg, -er;

bic

aloud, lecture.

tJornc^imen (cr

—

tion.

toalten, to dispose,

toorlcgcn, to

fore,

(-, -en),

time that, whilst,

former, preceding.

tiorfommcn

bic

SSa^l

bic

toa^renb {gen.)^ during; during the

day before yesterday.

tiotgeftcrn,

nten),

wagon,

(-g, -), vehicle,

iDa^Ien, to choose, elect.

ground, front. blc ©orbcrtafcl (-, -n),

t>otiQ,

watch, guard,

(-, -en),

SBagen

ber

election; bet jcbcr

tion.

bcr

bk ^ad\t

carriage,

educate. bic

233

bic

blackboard,

SSanbul^r (-, -en), wall clock.

when;

toann,

how

long

fett

—

? since

when?

?

bag SBarenlagcr (-g^ -), warehouse,

speech).

bag S^orurteil (-g, -e), prejudice. bortiorgeftern,

the day before the

day before yesterday; three days

storehouse. toatva,

wait

ago.

warm.

toarten, to wait;

— auf

(occ), to

for.

toarum, why. toa^, toad^ttt, to

watch,

sit

up; to awake.

toac^fam, watchful, vigilant. toat^fen (er tuad^ft; toud^g, fen), to

wax, grow.

ift

getoad^*

what; that which; why; see filr cin, what kind (sort

etloag;

—

of). toafd^cti (er toSfd^t; toufd^, gctDofd^cn)^

to wash.

,

,

beginners' GERMAN

234

ha^ SBaffer (-4, -), water.

toenbcn (manbtc, genjanbt), to turn

tntMn, to wag. bcr

SScg

(-e^, -t),

(over, around, about), change.

way, road, route;

manner; passage; distance. WCQCn {with preceding or following gen.), because of, on account of, for the sake of, for, respecting,

with regard

misery; agony of longing. toc^ren, to prevent, oppose;

to defend one's

bic

ber

—

smooth, SSctfinad^tctt (pi.), Christmas, SBet^nod^ti^matin (-eg), Santa

Christmas

(~)/

time.

SScilc

(-,

-n), a while, time;

(-,

manner,

-n), way,

to

gemiefcn),

show,

ber SScrfeltag, see SBerftag. bic SScrfftattc (-, -n),

ber SBerftag (-eg, -e),

workshop. working-day,

ber SScrt (-eg, -e), worth, value. {gen.

whom,

of

toer),

of

toCi^tocgen,

wherefore, on account

West. wager; barauf

bet on

—

,

to

it.

njctt,

wide, broad, large, far, dis-

tant.

weight, im-

ber SSibcr^aff (-g, -e), echo. tote,

njetterge^cn (ging toelter,

tft

meltcr*

gegangen), to go further,

wheat. which, what; er,

eg,

bic SSclt (-, -en),

world.

hit SSettftonbeli^mael^t (-,

when;

fo fd^on

—

bring back.

toicbcrifeolen, to repeat.

toicberfc^retben

wave,

(fd^rieb

h)iebcr,

n)ie*

bergefd^rieben), to write again. totcberfei^ett (er fte^t mieber; fa^ tDie* --^c),

power

world-commerce,

national commerce.

as, like,

totc'bcrftolen, to c,

which, what, who.

(-,

how,

as beautiful as. totcbcr, again.

— — —

bic SSctte (-, -n),

SBctoirtft^aft

weighty, important.

portance, matter of importance.

white.

ber SBctsen (-g),

toid^tig,

bie 2St(i^tigfeit (-, -en),

njcift,

bic

bag SSerf (-eg, -c), work, produc-

bag SSettcr (-g, -), weather, storm. (toicg,

point, direct,

of

Ujcrfen (er mirft; marf, 9en)orfen), to

toetten, to bet,

style.

ttjeldft,

gc*

ift

become, grow, be.

ber SSeften (-g), the

wise, cunning, prudent,

hjeifen

tticrben (er h)irb; tourbc [toarb],

of which.

ber SBcin (-eg, -e), wine, vine,

SScifc

though, although.

if,

who, he who.

whose.

leisure,

bic

hjer,

hjcffen

because, since, while.

tticifc,

hjcnnglcic^, as

week-day.

SSei^nacftt^sci^

'tilt

not much, few. whenever.

if,

tion, deed.

self, resist.

soft, tender, delicate,

totxi,

when,

throw.

fid^

Claus. bie

little,

toenn,

tDorben), to

to.

bag SSc^ (-eg, -e or -en), woe; pain,

Xot\(ii,

Uiemg,

bcr, n)tebergefe]^en), to see

ouf -en),

inter-

SSiebcrfel^en!

until

again;

we

see

each other again! good-by! totcberum, again;

on the other hand.

VOCABULARY bcr SBol^n^k^ (-t^,

SStcn (-6; neut.), Vienna.

meadow. how many.

toilb,

bcr

bcr SSinb (-e«, -c),

wind.

ba^

to

Jtiirfcn,

-c),

residence,

M,

-), living-

(-c^,

H,

bic fS^oltt (-, -n), cloud.

tooUen, to wish, will, be willing; to

-), (tree) top.

work,

produce,

effect,

SSoi^nsimmcr

room.

whine, whimper.

ber SSintcr {-^, -), winter.

ber SSi^fcl

SBoftnfi^

dwelling-place.

wild.

toinfcin, to

operate.

wherewith,

economics,

(-, -en),

SBonnc

hit

joy, rapture, bliss.

(-, -n),

tooratl, for (in)

which.

husbandry; inn-keeping, inn. economic (al), belonging to economics or to a house-

ha^ SSort (-c6), word;

hold; agricultural.

bic

nected words;

h)irtf(l^aftlt(^,

SSirtfc^apintcrcffc

(-«,

in-

over,

9en3u6t),

to

er toufetc fic§ nic^t

p ^elfen,

know how

to help

himself,

what

tootion,

in, on,

bic SBorffc (-, -n), tt)i)(ftentlt(^,

bic

SSogc

(-,

at which, when.

week.

ishment, miracle. tounberbar, wonderful, astonishing,

-n), wave, billow. (-^),

tounberlic^, strange,

wonderful.

bic SBiitbc (-, -n),

rebound of

majesty,

to

what

dignity, honor,

oflSce.

ber SSurf (-e^,

whither,

odd.

tounberfam, wonderful. tom\
whence, how.

tooi^ilt,

whereof, of or concerning

hjunbertjott,

waves. toolset,

at,

marvelous.

weekly.

ber f5^0QcnptaU

whereof,

whereat,

upon what (which).

ba^ SSunbct (-^, -), wonder, aston-

to do.

bic SSiffenft^aft (-, -en), science.

where,

order of

-n),

(-,

which (what).

(er h)ei6; n)u6te,

he did not

too,

SBortfoIge

tooriibcr,

board-eraser.

know;

con-

-t,

words.

terest.

bcr SSifd^cr (-«, -), wiper, black-

pL

{as SSortcr*

-"-er

disconnected words.

buc^),

-n),

farming interest, economic

toiffcn

which

with

(what).

ber SStrt (-c^, -e), host, innkeeper. bic SSirtfc^aft

want, intend.

desire, like,

toomtt,

hJirfUc^, actual, real.

ha^

dwelling-

-^e),

place, town.

bic SSicfc {-, -n)f tDtebiel,

235

-^c),

throw, cast.

bic

SBurscl (-, -n), root.

bic

3<JW

place,

where. tool^l,

8

well; indeed, of course; per-

haps, probably, undoubtedly. toofiitdixQf

beneficent, benevolent,

charitable. tX}ofinttt,

to dwell, reside, live.

(-/ -^tt),

jo^tcn, to count,

number, number.

ja^lcn, to pay; bar

—

ber 3tti^n {-^,

tooth.

-^c),

,

to

figure,

pay

cash,

beginners' GERMAN

236

bag Safintvtfi (-«, -c or -en), toothache.

jutfen, to jerk, start, flash, quiver.

ha^ Santtn {-^), quarreling.

f8,=ium

5.

gc^n, ten;

ber 3«rf^J^

sugar.

juerft, at first, firstly.

it^ntt, tenth.

ber

mark, draw, sketch.

go up

ber S^tgcr (-g, -), pointer,

3ciic (-/

bie

3ctt (-, -en), time.

(-^g, -^e), pull,

gugefien (ging ju,

show, point out.

bie

3w9

hand.

5lbenb

—

,

bie 3«Jitttft {-), future.

heaven.

Sulaff en (cr lagt gu;

liefe

gu, augelaffen),

to leave closed; to admit.

Scrbciftcn

gcrbiffen),

(^erblfe,

crunch, break

with

to

the teeth,

Sum=gu

— ®out)erneur ma^Icn, — genfter

bem;

to elect governor; augfe()en, to

bite.

jcrbrcdjcn (cr gcrbrtd^t; gerbrad^, ger* brod^cn), to

break to pieces.

jcrfattcn (er gcrfallt; serftel,

gerfal-

ift

parts or branches. {aux.

fein),

(ger[(^Tiitt,

dow. gunci^men

(cr

go

to

gerfd^nttten),

hk S^M^ (-/ 5ur=gu ber.

guriirffiii^ren,

-ffe), certificate,

to trace

and move,

5te^cn (gog, gesogen; aux. l^aben

extend.

to lead back;

back

-(s)^)f

ornament,

ornament, decorate. ba^ Simmer M, -), room.

Sicren, to

ift

guriidfgc*

to

echo

back,

re-

guriirffommen (tarn to

suriidf, ift gurtidf^

come back,

re-

turn. guriirfreiten

ber 3oi^n (-g), anger.

—

auf,

gangen), to go back, return.

gefommcn),

gu (dat.), to, on, by, for, at;

—

sound.

decoration.

5ormg, angry.

urn,

to.

guriirfgcften (ging guriirf,

guriirf^affen,

5tcmlic^, tolerable, rather. (-/

(ilber,

back, backwards.

guriidf,

ha^ S^nqni^ Hfeg, testimonial.

pull; to

tongue.

-'^)f

be angry

to

Siirnen,

Seugcn, to testify, bear witness.

hk S^^^C^^)

gu; nalim gu, gu*

about, at, with).

to cut into pieces, cut up.

\dn), to draw,

nimmt

genommen), to take in addition, increase.

to

pieces; to be wrecked. jcrfc^ncibcu

fiin*

look out of the win-

jnmad^en, to close.

to fall to pieces, fall into

(ritt guriid,

ritten), to ride

—

gu6, on foot; $ferb, on horseback; ^aufe, at home.

—

gugegaitgen), to

ift

take place; auf ben to be going on towards

to; to

evening.

-i^)f line.

bag Scit (-e^, -c), tent, vault of

Scrfrfjcttcn

march; pas-

sage; train.

ba^ Scicftncn {-^), drawing. 5Ctgcn, to

M)/

^eifpiel, see 58eifpicl.

5ci(^nen, to

len),

5U, too.

guriirffc^trfen,

ift

guriidfge*

back (on horse).

to send back.

guriitffenben (fanbte guriidf, gurUdge*

fanbt), to send back. gwfommcn, together.

VOCABULARY gufommcn,

(banb

3«fammcn6tttbcti

gufamtncnGebunbcn), to bind to-

(cr

l^iilt

gufanxTncn;

suf ammen, gufamntcngejalten),

(fam gufammcn, aufammengefommcn), to together, meet, assem-

jufammcttfommctt finb

come ble. 5ttfte^ctt

to

of; to

belong to, be the be closed.

(ftanb

ju,

turn towards.

^mXf

in truth, indeed, of course,

to be sure.

to hold together.

fie

(einctn),

duty

jtttocnben (manbte gu, gugchjanbt), to

gether.

Sufammen^altcn f)ielt

^2>1

jufieftanben)

Shjci,

bcr

two;

3^ctg

5tt)tf(i|cn

jtDcttc,

second.

(-(c)^, -c),

{dat.

among. imif, twelve;

and

branch.

acc.)^

gtoolftc,

between,

twelfth.

The Walter-Krause German First By

Dr.

Series

German Reader

Max Walter,

Director of the Musterschule, Frank-

and Dr. CARL A. KRAUSE, Head of the Department of Modern Languages in Jamaica High School, New York City, and Lecturer in New York fort-on-Main,

University.

Price

90

cents

This is based, like the "BEGINNERS' GERMAN," upon the direct method skilfully worked out to meet the needs of American schools. It contains fifty selections for reading, with illustrations and accompanying questions and material for drill, carefully graded so as to develop the student's vocabulary and to assist him in obtaining a mastery of the language. Following these are fifteen additional selections of a more general character for supplementary reading, after which are included a number of well-known German songs with music, an abstract of German grammar in German, complete grammatical tables, and a full vocabulary. The book is made more attractive and useful by twelve full-page illustrations and a map of Germany. Some noteworthy features of the FIRST

GERMAN

READER 1

.

2.

are:

plan is simple and the material needs of the average class-room.

Its

Direct

drill

for oral

is

carefully graded to

and written work accompanies each

meet the

of the reading

exercises. 3.

The

4.

A

5.

It stimulates

building

true

up

of a

working vocabulary is emphasized systematically. is maintained throughout the book.

German atmosphere

The FIRST

the pupil's interest and develops real reading ability.

GERMAN READER

will,

therefore, at-

tract the attention of truly progressive teachers of

in

German

America.

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK

CHICAGO

BOSTON

:

The Walter-Krause German Beginners^ By

Dr.

Max Walter,

Series

German

Director of the Musterschule, Frank-

and Dr. CARL A. KRAUSE, Head of the Department of Modern Languages in Jamaica High School, New York City, and Lecturer in New York fort-on-Main,

University. Price

This Series.

It

the basic

is

book

$1.00

of the Walter-Krause

German

contains forty-six carefully developed lessons,

lowed by

fol-

selections for reading, passages of connected

English prose for composition work, the essentials of Ger-

man grammar, with music, a

a group of the best-known

full

map

vocabulary, and a

of

German songs Germany.

This book embodies the best features of the direct

methody which has made Dr. Walter famous, skilfully worked out to fit the needs of American schools. It is noteworthy in these respects \.

Oral work

2. After the

is

insisted

on from the outset.

preliminary lessons, reading

in writing

3.

Drill

4.

Grammar

5.

The

6.

A German

is

German accompanies

made

the centre of instruction.

the oral work and the reading

exercises. is

building

taught inductively.

up

of a working vocabulary

atmosphere

is

is

emphasized systematically.

carefully maintained throughout the book.

more German teachers representing German in America have by test found

Five hundred and the best teaching of this inspiring

book the most

useful text-book for beginners.

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK

CHICAGO

BOSTON

Short Stories for Oral French By Miss ANNA WOODS BALLARD, French

Teachers College, Columbia University.

in

Price

who

Teachers

consists of 63

75

cents

are looking for material to use in

teaching oral French It

Instructor in

will

be interested in this

little

book.

short stories or anecdotes carefully

graded and provided with questions and exercises to

on the spoken and a vocabulary complete the

assist the teacher in drilling the pupil

language.

Verb

lists

The requirement

book.

of oral drill which has recently

been added to the school programme in various parts of the country

makes

this

Soon

book

to

especially timely.

Appear

BEGINNERS' FRENCH, by rector

Miss

of

the

Musterschule,

MAX WALTER.

Di-

and French in

Frankfort-on-Main,

Anna Woods Ballard,

Instructor in

Teachers College, Columbia University. This will be the basic book of the Walter-Ballard

French

series.

It will consist of carefully

graded

sons, selections for reading, exercises for drill

grammar and

idiom,

and a vocabulary.

It will

on the direct method, of which Dr. Walter

is

les-

work on be based so distin-

guished an exponent.

CHARLES SCRIBNER'S SONS NEW YORK

CHICAGO

BOSTON

THIS

BOOK

IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE STAMPED IiELOW

AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS WILL BE ASSESSED FOR F-AILURE TO RETURN THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY WILL INCREASE TO SO CEt<)TS ON THE FOURTH DAY AND TO $1.00 ON THE SEVENTH DAY OVERDUE. SEP

23

1932

nm

^

'-'

n

^^^^^

VifH

^^

^^''

gtp 141936 LD

21-20m-6,'32

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