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p a 3 ~ i ~ a p ~c~oficmam. mm B pe3yrn~a~ cacremioro e nonxona n a p a s m B opramme r a 6 v noeceMemo. B m n KKX TK~HSIX - KPOBU, m + e , B m n w a x Tena, cepma, B M O ~ R , nenem, B Koxe, KOCTRX, ~ ~ ~ J I E ~ ~ opranax I I I ~ MA CHcreMax. B npouecc x m ~ e o 6 e c n e ~ eBoBneKamca m npoOT nom6111m napmmo~.H n e accHMkurrrarrr ~ BTWX XHBMX CYILIeC'I1),Fi 3aKOH 6 ~ o c @ e p ~ opreo~ ~ p O B a I i l W NKTOKoro mec~?))HagkMaeT ~ ~ B C T B O BB norn3y ~ T ~ 9eJIoBeKa. Bmaane! Eeno~.He uaep-! B ~ ~ B ~ C I I M O OT C Ts~w a A o6rset Maccbl napamroB, K o n o m u p p m m o 9enoBerca, nocTynaeT B accmam.mwoHme npoueccbl 6-OK OT napa3nTOB,n OPIXHEBM senoBeKa nomen nepepa6mm ero. H M ~ H HO n o s ~ o ny6mmye~ble ~y B mfi m p e q e n m ~coeceM ne codeprwcam e MeHm 6emcoe - HU xueomnozo, nu pacmumedanozo npoucxoxderim. l h p a ~ - Tena. l l p o n y m ~ OT nom6mix napmmB MCTyT conepxam ~ H ~ Y H T ~ J IK~ OH ~O ~~ C T BT O K C ~ O B .llocne-
O T ~ K U , ~ ~ C T O ~ H O3yn C ~~, o x u 60m , B nO¶KM, IIe~eHM a T. n.). IIep~bdtBFTA mpaTaumi - m opomemie KMmewuKa npu K J M ~Cpa3y M ~ . x e B n e p ~ mnenb ne~w~b-3~ e o 6 x o i p i ~Hasam o n p o w a n m e w u K OT meBbxx 3as a n o ~a, TaroKe OT TPYIIOB m e napa3mB (msm). K p o ~ eToro, He06~0ipiM0CTpOR3 npmepmaTbcR @i3~0n o m o m (BnamioM crrysae -pa3nm~oro)m m rn npenoTspaIuermR 0 6 p a 3 0 ~ a ~3ma m e ~ nmeBbM s a ~ a n o ~ , m e p n a y n , sanopo~,m ~ c m c opramiwa. m C UWIO o ~ r m m m O W ~ W H O pa60m ~ ~ c opram 3 M O M Mbl BWIK)YaeMB 06IIl)'lO pa6o~yMeXM IlIlpaTa-npueM m m e ~ o iBOW. l B cpeweM npamqecm 3n0p0Bbdi ¶WOBeK BMTMsaeT 38 neHb 1700-2000 hiJI B O W (YTPOM nepen K.KK~MO~~, nepen o6eno~,nepen y x m o ~nepen , CHOM). B TOM Wcne 200 MJI ((~ape~oi3 BOW)) ( 6 ~ 3 ~oB). OH^ cnoco6mye~6 ~ c ~ p opIeIr e a e p m pmenoi3 nosepxHOCTU B m e m e nocne oTKpememw napa3moB. Bony cnenym xcmmmb Ha M ~ Ome M no yMewmem o 6 h e ~ a Ha omly uemepm, a sa-re~yxe n p m a n nepen CHOM. ljomme c HapyuremeM p a 6 m noqeK (mm, sec, n a c r o s ~ o m )nponom mpaTaqMIo no m u n y m HO& I Y O T ~ ~ ~ H O ~ M . E x e m e ~ s~ao~ e p m ttonwecreo B W ~ ~ B metics MOSR, cnymawlb npmnMaeT m b ~ xoe nmse~oii BOW B c w . T ~ MOXHO K m 6 a ~ m OT c noqemoi ~ Henom-
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C n p a w m m a ~3 r. l j e p m a c ORHOBnowoi3 ( o m nepenana cbmy ~a FCIUI-) npuexana B IlIKony WCF P B b R C Oqew ~ O J I ~ J I I K M(IEIIIIHAMBeCOM)) - 45 KC KOJIEq e m o MOW, ~b1~1emomei3~11 B C~TKU,6 m 250 MJI. IIocne nemm3=, a TaroKe p a 6 m Ha n p o r p w e ~ Y u c T ~ neqeHb)> H x e n x w a m a ~memm1750 MJI MOW, ecremeHHo, oHa e m a n a m m ~ xoe BOW, Bec ee c m m c r r Ha 18 rcr. Orem.-0 B e s ~ ~ n e q opraaoe an a cacTeM. IIpu mpaoqem BaEHO YCKnHTb BeHTURIFUUlO J I & ~ K I~I X O . M CIIOCO~CTBYY
osnweum KneToK. C e p b e 3 ~ pnoMom B 3nepms o c ~ o 6 o m e mm a OT napa3mapHbDc T O K C ~ O Bm KJI~TOK -a oKa3MsaeT renepaTop Patbra. B ~amefiLU~onep a 6 m HIT 10 renepaTopoB Paha. MHorna nomxemoe naaneme 90160 arcrynam !xi 45 nepBoro r r p e 6 m m B reHepa-rope. urn - appuaTIbHoe nameme 110170 - oqem 6bmpo nocmraen:s. Cna6ocra u COWMBOCT~ oTcTynm. llpu m e p m ucnomBaAae reHepaTopoBPatha na& k n e e MemeiiHoe 0 ~ ~ 0 6 0 m e m em o OT ~ maKoB. U ~ JI.~ nameme 110170 -n o c m m x a npu ~ I J I W ~ ~ H O (M~ e c w u 6onee) nocenrem reHepaTopoB. O c ~ o 6 o m e mm e KnemK mmc 6 p a c m m B~Mexm m o e npocTpaHmo u K~IMWMPH, 0-a MOXHO mmesb HX, npmeruzR cmlyrapnble nauuta. Han6onee W m ~ o ocs060meme e OT n a p a 3 m p m TOKCIIAOB n o m a e T c s npu exemesHoM nponapmamm B Bane. C& 6ommot oprm T€3'Ia -~ o x a-c n 0 m 6 ~ ~ ~ y eT 06nerre~arop a 6 m no o w e m noqeK, neqemi u nerKHX, ~ ~ c r y n any6nepo~ rr nx Q,YHKI&. m e m eK OB ~ nap~oil- n o n o m e ] ~ b m Rpesepa m o p o ~ b ~ . P w u o ~ a m ~m o e e , mpaTawrr, o w e m e o p r m o ~ C H ~ BMKoMnneKce c neIwIb-meR nponymwi mi~aa~c u ro 3 ~ m YC~OBHR.B O ~ B P ~ I I I WOPOB~R. ~~~R
OcoGoe M e m B Hamet4 m e 3 a ~ cym. ~ ~h hmmapaeMcR ux m ~ n - no m cnoco6am no rrpmmHEW LUIR 60~1bmwamap e u e m . ~naskioe- o6ecnem-m rfpanmb~oeCoq-e n p o m B~6mnax. ~ O ~ T Oe m M ~ CyILbI K JTJIeBOWOMyCTOJry (C6 0 6 0 ~@coJI~H)), ~ , U t?CTb cyrmr K y m e m m o q CTOJIY (C ~ a p m $ e a e c~~pynam). , MIA Tame CTpeMnMCR m i m y I O CoCTaBmqno nepBblX 6 m n H a c m pamopolrr B C ~ B O ~ M conefl, O ~ H~O~XOLINM~IX K W O M y I13 HaC. COIM H3BJIeKaKTTCR U3 B )KWn o r n o - m e w o ~~ p B pme s y m ~ a ~nomoro e nepesapuBmimi, npoxom sepe3 Bcacbmaronrylo cncrre~yTOK M 06ecnem~am H a T KpOBb BCeM H ~ ~ ~ X O V . ~ ~ P B H MEI nOCIilB1IW(aMnBCem ~ e 0 6 ~ 0 n u ~aTIR o m)KH!~AEI ¶aoBeKa MOT 6bm 3meme p a m m u ux m o w . O m -H ~ I U E ~ o p m m nepBbIx py~>>. 0 m0nefi B B~TXOM 3ane~eCK-0:
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6BKYCHMMB. MM 3HaeM W OIIblTY ~amefip a w c nosapaMu B pempmax p a 3 m ~ypncmqecrocTlBiKU E i IIaHCUOHaToB. OHA9aCTO Cam YJWBJJXm a TOMY, KaK x o p m M O T 6KilIIIH. Kama y npeBm CJraBRH 03Haqana rmp. r m B m M e nome q m p p i Ha -1 neHb C B W ~ ~ HK , OrAa IIOCWWIHCb B UoMe x e m a . J ~ T o , npenmecTBosasmee c~anb6e,x e m 0 6 b l ~ 0n0CBIMan BHpZULWBaHHiO 3epHa B ~ e c r Ce ~0JIOnofl x e ~ o foi m roToBm qy11y Ha pymofi Kpynopymce, a n m M BapwM ee B TWM Konmecme, a o 6 b 1Kam m m o Ha Bcex m 2 t .T ~ M c a m Monome noKm6IBaTIN pmam u 6m3m,~OCTIIMIISL c~anb6e,m o m r m B M K m m , yMem naxan, c e m , x p m ypoxaik u m ~ ~mO B ~ mI aOy . HeBern npmioma B noM x e m a c npmwibw, 0 6 m ~ H c senpoM O (~epoti)sep~a.3 x 13 e p ~ nanarm o en B n o ~ e ma, ao6~ ono om cema B n e p ~ mMecm C O B M ~ ~ O R m a c b ~amet4ki MOrna 6~ o 6 e c n e m saqame H p a m m e WopoBoro nepBewa. Cnanme 3~m, ~m, cam&
n e w ~ a m a~ p y r r y3acmarm B r m ropmo~,wmmu Bonoil, rp-me-, c o r n , c n m , nepecmllpXHOCTSlMU, ~06Can0 wM MaCnO. ~OPUIOKHaKpbI~ a n nI C ~ H I IoU c rC a aOr w ~ ~H ~a, o c m m ~ ~yrm m B newe no ma.Km y , K s w p q , nomema apoMaTHaR <<paccbmyxa>>. 19
Ceron~apyccme new - pemcocn.. I I o ~ c e ~ e c-~ ~ o aepxmnmecff B ~ameztKpoBll3a n o m e m m HeHop~mrmoaare xrn s.rrem-pmccmem b ~ M. Ham pacCKa3 o npn~ 0 f3i K C v a w m. ro'ronnem Kam m e m o Ha raso~ofimu s n e q m e c ~ o B C npmToBnem nepno~ofiK m H HaWeM. m c . Kpyny nepe6epm, ynanrrrr nocTopoHme npmem. XOq ~ bK ,KOTOPOR Mbl I T P U ~ ~ ~B~CeM MKC OJLITIeIKlWBOM pomeHbK0 np0~0ib-eee npo~owofiBODOR n s a ~ o s ~Hla~ e cnyma~enefiB K ~ X R O M3aewe, -Yncroe ~ e n oI.~ O L I ~ O T O B K~~ 0 B%0 6 b e ~ e1:4. YTQOM BOW cne-, a ~pyrrynpo~oih-e K 3TOh9' c O ~ ~ ~ T C3 Mm ) a e T 2 HeAeJM. Bce r r p O B O W O w n ~ W O BO@ R H IIpOXapbTe Ha CKOBOPOAe. 3aTeM BMCMllbm e m a B nere~rbmmmaunm. ~e e&B Kacrpmmo c sapmee npuwroanemM ~ Y ~ O H Ok13 M osowefi, c rrpmocrmfu u M~KOBm n p o m o n a p a 3 m p ~ b ~ [ 3Epe.H ( m r m o ~ ~ m ,K - , BmorpW, neH u np.) u cyxmni OBOIUHMME~n p m p a s w . K o m e m o OBOmOrO 6ynbo~a1:3. Corn f i o 6 a ~ ~ ~ d ~ e ~ ~ O P O B ~R , nepnom, O B C R H ~ m , e m m (~yne~ono B W C ~ . ro xm6pa, H ~ A ~ O ~ J I pnc ~ HHeowenymema, ~SI), mel7p~nocrnu- nepey dyucucmwli, n e p q repnbrii, ~ o p u andp, p,6upa, zua@pay rso3du~a,Kopuya, cytuenmli YKpon m u ezo ceMm, c e m nempyucKu u dp. -no6am&re Kpym 06ff3a~enb~o nepe6epm, omemmnocropome R C ~ ,'IT0 BaM HPaDHTCII. M o x e ~ e ]IPMM)TOBEITb M~cJ~X-&I n p m e c u - ~ a ~ y ~Kycomu u ~ u , 3 e m u np. 3KcTpm. ~eJIbH03epHo~bIe KpJ'lBl3aMaYUBa~ ( K ~ OOBCBHKH). M~ Apo6neme M m e ~ p y m 3 a ~ a w ~ aHne.HWO. Kpym nepen Bap~0106ma~em~o npoxapb-re. He ~emaZfieKami BO Bperm sapm. HaneB~e1-2 cr. nomu pa(xummHom Macna B 0.ieH.b B a p m Ha MWIOM Ome, l'IO3BOJlXSI MaCCe paBHOMepH0 ManeHbKyrO cKoBoponowy, (~anpmep,m KO@)n o m b nporpesan.cn, ~6npan.B ce6a Mary H paBHoMepHo ~e Ha orom u n o B e r n no m e = . B c b w ~ enpmocm u ncnapm ee co ~cezln o s e p m m . 6r~crpo-c cxo~oponyc m,~neih.eB o n o m o l BmHa TapemcM Kany ocropomio, He pa3~~JIMIH Bce . apoMamecKue s@ipb~ p a m o p m c b Tenepb B , pyrum ee c r p y ~ ~ y pByO, ~ H ~ I I I ~ H Ia O o n e BO Bperm acne n ~ a r r o m a p o ~ a ~ ~arny. ou sapm. Y ~axnoroMOW 6 m CBOU m o 6 m e ~ I P ~ O C TI ~noKarny XOpOJIIO c ~ O ~ ~ H Tnommw C, MaCJIOM C np0lllB0X m c r a , cnoco6 npuroTomemn Macmoro 3KcTpaxTa napa3mapHMMn C B O ~ C T B ~pac-roponm, MH: THKBM, IIOLIOm& K ~no6ot.qaccopmeHTy npmomR. mHa, Kenpa, a6pmoca n np. Cyxue o s o m e npmpam m u n o 6 m m 3Ha%TTeJlbHO MeaRHYr BKyC KWK qmueMy. kIX H ~ ~ O ~ ~ I M ~ B ~ CKaK THI-J ~ a 6 0 apr~u ~Bempuaxicm ~ Y ~ O H O BO6bm0 . 3TO c60p OBOI4e& m M e . a q e m u BbIcymeHmx B B V e . O m nerKO p a m o p m n B m m m e u COXPSUIR~OTapoMaT n B K ~ COBU J I w m ena y r p o ~- mo nepnosm m a . OH^ p m ~ o MepHo Bmmmafl B c e 6 BCm X m , COK nomenynornoft mefi u 3enem, ~xomrutnxB nx comaB. xerrem, ynyrrnam nepucmmnmy, ~ m o m . p m o ~ y ~ r m nepeMeLtIiuth.e TlUalWIbHO BCe U IIOCTaBbTe BapHTb C OTLIM, o c r a m r e p 6 m o ~ y, n o b p e ~ dn npyme nmm, 3aKpWB KP~IUIKOByxe 6e3 nepeMemruMR. 20
21
Amupo~~a: 1 CT.noma C ~ X O ~B e r e ~ a p n m c ~npmpaofi mHa3 n K m . n o ~ saa p m s Kanra, n p m o ~ b r m e ~ e nep ~ n p a ~~3~ y IlaCCepOBaHHbIX KOpHeJUlOWB. H TOHK0fi COJIOM~ 0 fM i OPKOBb, KOPeHb IIeTpyUlKU (CfYJbnepefl), HapeIKbTt?JryK pema~bdtn cnerxa OGxapb~eBce Ha p a c m m e m ~ oMacne. ~ Korna Kama CBapmcs no T O T O B H O ~u m ~ ccpaccbmye ~ xofin (Ha ee n o s e p m m nommmcn nocneme so3llymm e ny3b1pbm), p a m e m no ~cefinoBepxHOCrU ~ a mnpni npmy. 3 a ~ ~ea q~ o i k eE e ~ p ~ u m oHfni p m m Ha osexib ManenbKoM omc ewe 3-4 iaqw.Kama m ~ aH!a w r m s a k e e6 B mpemcy amypa-rHo, He nepeMemaR H He pmpymarr c r p y ~ ~ nponyma, ~py cmnamoro npu n p m m e m Ha onie. Xopomo e m , q m ~ a ~ ~ma mayBH~ He m e T e OTmercaTbcR Ha CO~HTNII, n p o n c x o m e Ha 3 ~ p a TeneBn30~e pa, p m m ~ o p bno ~ ~ e n @ o ~ yce~e-e , npo6nem. Torna Karua He nonropm. A y x ecm elue n noxenaere ce6e n BceM, KTO 6yner e c n ~arny, moposbrr H noMomecb, Kama c r a ~ e ~ neqe6~0#,HaKoplYarr m o , n a a 3 H e p m n ~ O ~ O H Ca ueT ~ nem.
n ~ ~ e p ~ oKami c r n A ewe n o T o m non q ~ u m o f3-4 i Hym. Kama rmosa.
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-Bcem d n m m w m Hac, yKpamaromaR cron, DapyIouIaR WpOBbe. E&MbI TOXe 9aCTO HCnOJIb3yCM D.JlS npfimromemm ~ mnpouecc . n p m o m m e m TOT xe, TO n nepno~ofiK ~ I WaCWM)saR , ToJJbKo 3 a ~ a w ~ - e KPW. Ho y rpew ecTb OCO~~HHOCT%. OH^ c o n c p m B ce6e Bewem a , KOToPbIe M O T Bbl3bIBaTb nOBOJIbH0 3Ha'lWRJBHOePaCrwpemie matieti ~ o s r aM, 37-0?aKaRMsacrcn 3 r m n e m e CKkhn CtGUJpOMOM. E m B Ceme eCTb ~ 0 f6a~mH0fi, i HIIKorna He s m q a i h e B Memo rpeny. 0 6 mfi ce o c o 6 e ~ ~ o c m npepryrrpexcnm m.O c a ~ aB csoefi p a h crMa~po6no~ma A33~>>. ,
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23
He m~ y 6ermbvc monefi. F e r n en puc HeomeqmeHHHM, B BepxHeti donowe, n nonyran c K *pmKOM c n a c m b M me303ne~em KpeMAEdt, KOTOPI&, name HaXOmCb B KOXe, MOr B 3 m A H ~ B H O CB ~e~ T N IIpeBpaTUTb eM . . B 3ne~rpmec~ym 3~epm senoBexa. X ~ a m com u pa60-
Tam, n m,n con pow^ mi+eKuum. PRCn e o r n v * -e m m e & npeKpacwdt qonym, conepxamiia qcMAEdt, ria n p m e H e m ~aropon,ocH O ~ neseme O m a ~ o ~ mnocram. m HeomqmeAIIbdt puc HOCkiT Ha3BaHUe ((3~0p0Bbe)). Torna KalUfhiCnOBOM Hall0 Ha3Bam OCT~TI~HOR PUC?B 6 m e C~O B ~ K O Come M MHOme ~ O H TOHH~ puca I oymgmcb Harono, na em&a npo6 m en, m-sa cmepaon, 060pyno~a~m. B p e s p ~ a no6~e poe 3 e p ~ npeBpawanocb o B npmmiy 6em. E m 6 ~ c 4e m m Poccua npeKpama meJrYUMTb PAC, CKOJI~KOMKTL~IUOHOB moneti 6wo16~4cnacem OT s a ~ p H aa~n e ~ a p m a ! ZITo erne knmepecuoro M O ~ C-T~ O o puce? napanom: B TOM, m ~e0111enymemmfipuc nopoxce omenymemioro. B IU~oneWOPOB~R MM BUM Heomenymemmri puc, K ~ K 0 6 ~ 3JIaKOBYIO ~ 9 KaUly. ~ Mom0 C M3mMOM, C 9epHOCJIEBOM. (CM.H. C ~ M C H ctKy;r;~ur O B ~ pa3ReJIbHOn, -))). KaKtH MbI mo6m. O m BO3BpaUW HaM yTpaseHHOe 3x0POBbe, J'KperrnrooT TWIO, YKPaIUarol.TpaIle3y.
n e m , ~expymro3 & m 0 ~ 0 6 ~ porn 1 0 B mmm m-a~oBHX n - p -o m ~B. nmefi I h o n e m a w c o m n m 60% u %nee B mmamu mymameti. 3ro ~ e o 6 x o m orn BOCcrarioanem XhT. He orpammmae~MM u no~pe6neme xne6a. IIepnMe 5-6 mefi nsrononuurec~Ha pa3memcnymam-m~amm menam B 1,5-2 pa3a 6 o m e me-
6 ~ Bemem, ~ e o 6 x o m mffco3natm 3noponepn-m. Xrre6 -BCeMy mn0Ba. ~ T O ~ pI aA3 ~ o o 6 p a C 3TO ~n npIPEI TaKOM BblcoKO~npOqeH% maKOBbm n p o n y ~B~IIkone ~ ~ , ~ O B O ~ Hsamo O Ha BTC+ poe n0nw.X KpynRHMe KOTneTbI -OBCRHbIe, WeBbIe, m e m e n T. n. B nepuon ~ O ~ B XK o E w I m e nesem o m ~ o ~ n e T B na"e 0 p ~c a m 3 m o p e H m MCOenOB.
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mib'r, pena, ~ a 6 a m u np. O ~ o m ~ a p e 3 a m6onee ~pymro, 9eM m n p y m 6 m ~MacnmKkI : ~3 MOpKOBu, P O M ~ U K I117 ~ ~ B u saltom, H pyxo om m K ~ ~ ~ Y KMIM O BKpyITiibte mac~ ~ m nepua. ~ t OBOIW l 06cbmam cyxofi O B O ~ ~ M CMecbm, O~~ HOCTU. IIpa nonaqe Ha cron KoTne-m c rapmpoM B ~ M J I ~ R M B ~ ~ T Ha Tapemul. M H o r o ~ ~ eom m pa60m co cnyruaTmmu LU~orn Emno CT~HOBUTCR 6onee npme~a-renbmm,ecm no6aR noKmmaeT, ao oqem vacm nocne n m npKUZl pemc, c s e d orypeu, n o m o p H yrcpacm 3e- ~ O P O B ~ctHmex,qa~ npoxowexmi npomonapa3map~ofin p o r p a w MHorue nemio. B na6upmm~ n p o n p n m m m i n H He yMem npanpUIIpfiBBH K KpyIBMbIM KCY~JI'2TaM -3T0 'IilIIIe BCerO CO- nny~awr B H O o p m o B a m mofi m n , orpCBOH xmay c u3 ~ n a m n Kpyn u 0~014e#c n p x n m M u u CneqRRMII. c06110~erne~ p a ~ n e ! ~ ~ o m r o m m n H onacwb napaHpumrro~mm Hecnowo: MOPKOB~,6& Kopem, pen3UTapHOrO 3aPaXexmi. TPYIUIOCTH O ~ M Y H O CBII3aHbl C YnOTsaTbdt n y ~~ m ~amamyihe o u cnaccepwe Ha paamemnpOAYKTOB. ~ HOM Mame, n o 6 a ~ b ~ e m ~ ao p e s a ~ nornopH, ~b~e Mono- pe6nemeM ~ ~ J J I C O B M B M O mmaax ~ cepm ctKym pa3~e~1b~oro m m n ~ m e npmocru H ewe pa3 npoxapbx, no6mbx Hami2 c q y n , 6enxo~6 ~ em a m nponymu,~,~m U C B O T H O ~ , T ~ KN pacn o s e m no c m o rymofi ~ Macw. Coyc m ~ . m ~ o npoucxomemm, m npemaanem nosonbrio muPOKO. Ommo B m t i pa60~ec m a m paccKa3aTb erne 06 ORHOM BHEe 6em(0~0r€1-0 COeBblX npOAyKEiX. Ao mm 2004 roaa R qacro oTpnuamHo omeuana Ha Bonpoc o COeBbIx npojqmax -no~1y~a6prnamx Ha poccdCKOM pbme. Moti o m c n o m c n B r o w M~CCOBO# nepepa6oTKH C O ~ B OMyKM, ~ n0Cl"yIICtIO~eftKOrna-To B MaCCOBOM KomecTse Ha wrneme npennpmmn. ~eftrnonannMHO>
fior0 He O ~ ~ R C H I L TIIOToMy I~, q o oc~anocbnnKeJIoe nocnomame OT 18 neT IIpAMeHeHIlR K ~ H ~ C Kcoenofi O ~ MYKIl B KynEiHapHOM U K O J I ~ ~ C H Onpon3noncme M B 70-e 53 80-e r o w npomoro crone=. B m n e 2004 rona I'ocynapme~~arr A y ~ na p m a pememe QOnpmeaemu coenMx nponymoB B cne~mIbHOM A MaCCOUOM llI4TaHN.H HaCCJIeHARB. C @ O ~ M ~ p~ %D~ O U ~ H n p w O B A 3a,Uaq, nOFIRTb KOTOpMe KiuKnOMy A 3 HaC 3HaWlTtXbHO JIeNe, eCJlM Mbl03HaKO~CR C U C T O P A ~ACIIOJIb~~ 30BaHMl COU B PoccUU, C XHMkNeCKUM COCTaBOM ee ~ O ~ O CB , ce K y m a p m o c o 6 e ~ u~BO~MOXCHOCT~H) o ~ qejIone[IecKoro o p r a m s ~ ynoanemoprm a n o ~ p e 6 ~ onm 6uonpon y ~ ~ 3a a x C S ~ TCOA. ITpesunem 0 6 ~ u e m e ~ ~ o r o c o n e i m m BHenpeHMIO COURaTIbHbIX UHHO&iHTpAeBA. r. C m e T , ST0 r m ~ nTOWO , He MoxceT Y C ~ O B H T ~Korna , B O ~ H E I W Iq ~m .ryp~arrcog. Con no-mraikm 6 y ~ ~ a . 50~30~ a u a e(c60m~ mot%606)).Erne B V BeKe no H. 3. B n p e ~ ~ eef ic ~ o fmi re
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B Hasme XX seKa COR nommacb B CIIIA. C e r o m coesbdi 6 ~ 3 ~ ne CmA c o m rn caMOIIUI~DC. %a q a H a n p o u 3 ~ 0 m60-70% m p o ~ o r oKomqema COA A no C ~ T U 'nena ~ o ~ ~ p o n r q ~pbmo~ y e - r COMBO BCEM mpe. 3Ta KymTypa onpenemieT mponyro ~ K O H O M (u ~MHPOBYIO ~ IIOJIUTUKY TO)K~). E c n m m m e c m e n a m e , cornacHo KOTOP~IMn qaHax, r e COR 3ammae~~ ~ a m m Memo ~ o ne pauuoHe m a m ropa3no pexc y .rooncZi warHompyrcrrcn a136poMHOMa A TIpOCTaTMT. B Poccm Hasano mHpoKoro pacnpocTpaHemR coenofi KyJIbTypH IIPMXOAMTCR Ha nePUOA 1904- 1905 IT.BO BpeMR P ~ C C K ~ - ~ ~ ~BO H O C~B K RIIOHCKOR O . ~% apMH&iUMPOKO HCn o m 3 0 ~ m c bcoenMe npoqwm~,A TO nopnepmmo 3noPOBbe J M W I O N COCTaBa. B 1914-1918 rr. BO spem llep~oii mipo~ofiBOnpuMepy f i n o m nocnenosarra r e p ~ mycnemHo , ncnom3oBSZLIaH COeBMe IIpOlIyKTbI B meB0M paUflOHe. B 1930e r o w n CCCP BnepnMe B wipe Ha rocynapmeHHOM YPOBHe 6 b m IIpOBeEeHbI U M ~ O K O M ~ C I E T ~ KOMlJJIeK~H~I~ CHHe HCCneAOBaAUR BJIkUIHkUI COX Ha 3nOpOBbe YWIOBeKa, npemoxem Home M~TOW ee nepepa60m, CKOHCTP~U~O~a~ocnewa~1b~oenpommme~~oeo6opynosame. Pe3y~1b~am O R H O ~ H ~CoeBbre W : IIPO~WIM m m 06nanam BHCOKO~~ m e ~ ouemomm i A 6 n a r o o p ~ mo IOT Ha WOPOBbe YfXOBeKa. B r o w B m o i h e c m e m o R notim 1941-1945 rr. 6 m pa3pa6o~amu ymepxaem P ~ ~ ~ K WnoI npousU Boncmy nporryrrroB m m m cou B I ~ ~ O K OaccopmerlM Te: ymmaTIbme p e u e m npa?mimmm, m i e m e c m , BereTapuaHcKux 6n1w 1.13 con. l T p e n n p m u ~nweaofi npoMbmrnemrm s m y c ~ m n p o m , He m e m e a m ~ ~ o r o ~ B w e . @ymmompo~ana r o n o ~ ~ a opramwmm n acornrrpo~cosw,n p @ m m e 3 - o ~ no nepepaGOTI(e m ~HIlki , no mperom, cox, c n e m m m e na6opampm. Kooprw~poan nemwIbHOCTb 3 ~ kopraranaw ~ . m e m H.kl. B~BMJIOB, BO~TJI~BIIBIIIE& BACXHm.
C npmOnoM B ~OJI~IIIYIOHaYKY T.8.hceHKO, Wor0 c n e w m m a no ~ ~ K O B ~KyJTbTypaM I M H KaproQKTIH),HapHbre n p H o p m B crpaHe U3MeIiKnHCb: cHasarra c o f l ~ ~ 0 UIJIa Ha BTOpOfim W , a 3aTeM, HaYHHaR C 1950-x rr.9 COeBHe nponym 6b1m @ a m s e c m m m e B o r o pWOHa r p w m c r p m . B 3m crpana ymemcb h i m
3 n a ~ o ~~ y~ m e ~ yycnemo p ~ , pemm s ~ e p ~ m e c ~ y ~ o npo6ne~ymmm, noporwrvr npo6ne~yxpomecKoro 6enc o m p m c s m e r o He 3 ~ m o coe. O~cwnaHenomMame, H e n p m e B ~ I J I O T no ~ ~ H O ro I ~ ~ O T U B O ~ ~ ~ ~ C TJIIO~HX B U X , Mepo~pmT@no BHenpeIiUlO B m e s o h paUMOH CHaCnTeJlbHbIX, o c o 6 e ~ ~ Bo YCJIOBUS?X XpOHM.IeCKOr06emt0~0m IIpOnyxToB ~ H F DknI
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m u e m , 12 n MonoKa. OH 06nanaer B ~ I C O K Om~ ~e ~ o a s e ~ t i m m TaK , K ~ cK o n e p m Bce BoceMa ~ e 3 a ~ e ~ k 1 ~ b l x a m o m c n o T B OIITKM~JBHO~~L U U ~qenoBeKa nponopm. C o e ~ n~ p e o m conepxa-r B ~ ~ M H H E A, I : B B,, B,,B,, P, L[,, C, coxpanem Mononomi H non, . . PP,. B,. A -B ~ M K H H r o n m . B coe H ~ Txonecrepma. Bo BC&M m p e coeBbre nponyxm n o n y q m cpem Tex, KTO c n e m 3a caom 3noFBbeM U BeCOM. B coeBm npoRyKTax, BOW - . n-p n r o m m e m x c no~olgbrn 6emto~oeMOJIOKO u oKapa (Papru), ~ a n mipa o ~H napa ~ ~ ~(coesoe . (1,5%). B WeBMX lTpOnyIClXX MUIO VeBOnOB, B OTX . W4He OT me6a, K ~ ~ T @ ~ Jh w . na@ B03MOXHOCT6 He HaPiiIgUBaTb Bec. K o m e ~ nc o n e 3 m BemecrB, c o n e p x a w c s B coe, C ~ O C O ~ C T BY~CB ~O TeAHH)KaTmIlEi5l A @ O ~ ~ 3nOpOO B ~ BOW CKWIl?Ta. f l y ~ m ao , Ha crone ~arrwcp o c c m nomam n m m CR HOBHe ~ ~ X K O B I ~I I ~P O ~ U3 COH.
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BbmyCKaeT KOMIIaKTHOe 060pyno~a~ne lTpOH3BOncTna COeBbIX IIpOnyrcToB. C e r o w p w m e He 3 ~ HCTO~UH) m ~ con B POCCUII. I'IPuBoX)' H B C K ~ J I ~ KPeUelITOB O Ap%TOTOBJIeBH.X6 m n He ~ H ~ K O McMH a p m nommemmm Y g e m H n p m a3 con B noManmix ycnoBmx OT aKanema 3aZmesa B. C. KOB 1930-x IT.B y c n o ~ m ne~orpa@mec~oro qmHca B H n p e s n n e ~ ~Kopnopaum a Q H o o ~ K o ~ ~ o ~MHeR n b>~) a POCC~M m e H o spem anrr ucrcw~ofio q e m n p m KaKOBa C. A. ~acrp@mec~oro c m e m mcneHHom H a c a e m , B TOM ~nc~1e6wmo~oeronona~~eH~en0~1~0~e~~0e6emco~oemm e . Coa H n p o kn~COH -- B~COpmar B ycrpaH e m TUX c e p b k m 1 1 p m Kpmaca B P O C C ~ . Cethac nepaon spehtemoro 3a6bI~bRcon ~ ~ K O R S R ~ C R . Corn q o m , o w c r m OT ~ O C T O ~ O H H UB X W I K ) YH ~ ~ & Poccm nenaeT nepme mami no qmi 03nopomem m3aMOWiTb B ~ M W E ~ ~ O B ~ nocyne H F ~ O H a ~ 10-15 ~ WCOB( 6 0 6 ~ m Hacenema. OCHOBHM~ crpaTerusecme qmi B TOM Hanpaanemm - yBermserule nom ~CVKOBHXnpo-~ pa~MT~JI~HOI-O npoHcxomem A pacnnrpeme 6emco~ofic u c~ammoru.e2ipwaoaa. ~ T 3ana~a H MOryT 6b1m penrema emorspeMenHo npa l r o l p o ~ om~e n p e w B n0BcenHeBI.m COH.
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Coesarr omq~arrs a ~ r e ~ (6emco~b1fi a ~ ~ a cmn) O8oyu - K U ~ ~ K Kanycmy, U , nepeq 6onzapc~u2,mon u ~ m 6 y p( m u 6amaaca~b1.no~udopu,nepeq donzapcma) - ~apesam,n 0 6 a ~ mrrylc, c n e m , corn, senem n nacceposan.. 3 a x no6asm.6 ~ B O B O coeBym ~ Maccy - oKapy m n COYCOM 113 TOMaMB A 3aIIeqb B W O B K C . C*,
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nnacnnecKaR (6c o c m m n 15-20% MaccN ~ena); rpaHcnopTHaR ( 6 ~ p ~a m1 y m B r r e p e H o c e Kllcnop0na, TOPMOHOB, yrneBonoB u np. newem); T O p M o H m H m ( 6 e n ~ a mI I B ~ T C RropMOHbl r m @ w 3a, m c y m a ) ; 06ecneqetiue HMMYHUTeTa; KaTWIUTWieCKaR ( ~ W I K UBXOWIT B COCTaB BCeX TOR).
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w 6 m a m m m r c ~n e p n o n p m o 2 t Heramnblx neMorpa@ w e c m i x n o ~ a 3 a ~ e n eHacToRIuero zl BpeMetiu. H e p n ~ o - n c m e c m neperppm, e cna3amme c ~KOHOMUq e c m nqRccmmMu B POCCUU 1990-x ronoB, npmemr K nononmwm~oln o ~ p e 6 ~ oBm6 w e . O m a ~ o6ommm qac-rbtiacenew nepema H a nuTame npo-m, conepXBUIUMU 6 e n ~ u~ O H U X ~ H H 6Ow~o n o r w e c ~ o f UeHHOCTH: i xne6, K P ~~apm+em. , B pe3ymbm --ywmmeHlie c ~ c p r HOCTU n p w c m e m pomaeMom, porn 3a60ne~ae~ocru, pes~oecmxeme ~ ~ O U ~ B O ~ J I ~ H Tpyna, O C T U~cco6wall anam. npme~etiuecou B mmim -p e a m d rryn,m u n a ~ ~ ~ J I K O B ~e@HlWTtl. O ~ O klcT~pU'Iec& U ~ 0 B p e M e H I i k dmpo~ozlO M C B U W K X b m y e T : B crpawax, u c n o m y m w x coeBMe nponym B noBCemeBHOM IWTaHUU, ~ ~ M O ~ ~ ~ @ W npo6ne~, ~ C K M XC B W H H ~ I Xc t i u 3 ~ 0 Pl o x n a e M o m m , RCT. Coeme m t i u e -W K ~ cpenmo ~ H n p oO @ u n~ mKU 60ne3~elnononblx opraHoB MYu memum. Coe~oew a m e npuBHocm n o m o u e ~ dn,e n c o y c B o a e~m ~ ~ J I OBK0 p r a ~ u qenoneKa. 3~ P e m c c ~ e h npoe 6 n e w WOPOB~R, (PUH~HCOB, enbl ~ H ~ ~ T ~ Jneme I ~ Hc O npwM e H e t i u e M T p ~ U O H H O r O ,MCTOPkWeCKU J'TBepLlUBLLleTOCR coeBoro 6monoro IIUT~HUR.
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. n e ~ e 6 m xM e T o m y M e m u r e w n p o ~ q u x CUMc ~ ~ r r r o M o n asacyxu)) B H ~ T ~Tena U u y m e p m npaKKy npnM e H e H u R C M e p T m H o onacmx neaapm, ewe 6onee 3arPR3HfiIOUIHX BHYTPeHHIOIO Bony. BO HMR TOPXeCTBB nepeROBOR M ~ ~ U U U H C KHaYKU O ~ ~ CBeTRTCR 3KpaHbl MWUIUOHOB KOMIlbloTC!pOB, 3aVYXCHHbIX C W C K W TbICIIS OIIaCHHX neKapcTB. 35
Emememo, Bce TO nenaeTcR pam neaer. q~06bI6 0 n b ~ oYt l XOBeK He CI[bIUIWI OT4aRHHble KPWrCM mMpemoIY) x a m o l cBoero Tena, rrpomcb~~wCR XHmKam < < o c ~ 0 6 o ~OT em CIIMTITOMOB)) (~anpmep,m 6 o e 06e360~1ma101uee~ e c &c ~ o 6e p e ~ fcroxpaHbI6one3~eBu). f Ho XXI seK 3mm yxe, cnosam nomopa @. Earnamx-a, wo B c a m e 6 m a R m i e r o m 6ommkmc~~y JUO-
n p a m m m ~ o mnenpeccm, , Geccorna, m K r a 3 q m ~ a ~ HbIM HtULlTIXaM M Z I J I K O I ~ KO*, ~, ¶m,HapKOTFiKaM, 60~3Hb ompmoro n p o q m c r m... 2. n ~ 0 2 ~ a ~ h i b l 6 0 p bC6BbHl Y T ~ ~ H3Ha ~~ y~ ~~0AfPaCIIpei neneme pecypcoB BOW n p o m m c n K ~ K 3anopb1, : annepr m , acrMa, m e p ~ e ~ 3 m a, 6 e ~ayToIlMMyHHbIe , 6one3m. 3. Asupua~blec u z ~ m bHenocraTKa l BOW TaKoBbI: mmora, 60m B c y m a x , 60m B c m e , m p e m , 60m r r p ~KO=, 60m B M ~ I I u U ~ X60~1~i , npA CTCHOKapAllli. 4. O C A O ~ H ~ Hc W ~ o ~ K O Z06e3soxma~m O BeCbMa P a ~006pa3~b1: owiperme, oTem, re~oppol,nopmeme apwp d , ppa6e~1m a , p a c c e d crorepO3, HeBpHT, @ne6m, m @ m ,p a m e BWI pma. 36
y~a3aHHhIeCKMIlTOMM Y C W E E W O X R W-3a kICIIOJE3OBilH11R B~yrpeIiIieB B O W napa3HlXMH VWIOBeKa M 3qR3HeHUR XEiAKIiX TKiu~efiITpOAyKItWU H X Hcll3HeneRTWbHOCTU. Owmeme opmmMa K ~ ~ M W -n e p ~ m mar K CHRTRIO n e Q , m BOW B o p m M e OpomemeM mncroro OTJI~JBm e w m a -ncnoJIb3yen:R Ham yxe 25 neT. B o c e ~ b neT MM O T ~ ~ ~ ~ T ~ IrrporpaMMy B W M npmonapamapHoro mmmm M m r m 683 napamoB. B mmpe 2005 r. B nporpaMMy IIIKOJI~I WOPOB~R <
MEHIO IIIKOJIbI 3AOPOBbX H. CEMEHOBOI~ - 4 IIPOrPAMMA 4OYEICTMCb M XMBH EE3 WA3HTOB* HA 14 ,IJ,HEfi
1paHaTOM W 3eneHbH) Kaiua n e p n o w c sene~bmw MYKOR pacroponmu Yafi ~3 pa^ co CT~BWCA ti ~ H M O H O M Xne6 Men P a m b ~ o Me ~ C ~ O I16no~w
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150 30 3 10 20 1
30
Pary osolu~oe qair ti3 pas co m s u e A I16no~w
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NQ C MaCJlOM PaWllrenbHblM Cyn O ~ ~ U I H O co R csexel ~ a n y c r o ltene~blu ,
H ~ W M ~ H O B B HBee H ~6pyrro, r CUpbn Kanycra ~ s a m e ~ a u 170 40 Mop~oob 3 Men 17 rpa~a~ 20 Macno T ~ K B C H H O C . 3cne~b 2
150 380 200 150 200
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Penqm n o m p m LIO m n m m m m B u m B K ~ U v, I ~ no6a~m c w , n m e ~ ~ yMr~ oK Ym M ~ K Yp m p o r n , xopomo nepeMemam, n m o m no m ~ ~ m . npu nonase nocwnam sene~bio.B Kamy nepnoByro MOXHO no6a~nmb XapeHyIo M O P K O B ~A m y , npemapmamo 0 6 p a 6 0 ~ a ~ ~Ay HaruMHKoBamrym io cono~~oa.
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p a c ~ e p ~SeCHOK ~ f i U MYKY ~ p O T U B O I I a p a 3 A T a p eyw, cneuau. Ilpu nonase H a c T o n pary normsam M a c rOpOlUeK,
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COJI~, C n t X W i IIO BKYCY. n p ~ nonase n o m MaCnOM u nocbman ~ ~ J I ~ H ~ I O . HUTb C TOJNeHbIM SeCHOKOM.
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POBHHM cnoeM no sceti nosepmocni Kmna ~ ~ K J I - W T nonrommemtd puc n Bapm B m p m t i nocyne no nomor0 BMKkmZUIUR x u a c m .
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u np. npu nonave ~a m n Gmono O@O~MJIKIOT senemro. 48
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K o q a ~Kanycm OTBapmam n n o n c o n e ~ ~ onone t i no nopa36eparo~Ha JWCTbR, yTOJIIUeHHMe r a m mcraes c n e m d m a m . Ha nomoToarreHHbtc m c T ~ ~ Ra n y m manyr @apm,s a ~ o p a B~ @~ pm~ ~ eKomepm, r o n y 6 w y K n a m m B Kacqmmo, 3 m a m c o y c o ~c ~ O ~ ~ ~ W I ~MylM H U CLM3 U H O ~ KOCTO9eK. ~ ~ X ,@w ijaputa: M~JIKOHape3aHHbIe OBOW nacccppT, no6 a m m ne.rpylrmy, csapep ~ cM , ~ K Yc e m TMKB~I, ~ y n uq r i o r p ~ KocToqeK, x nepeu, X M W - c ~ e r mcorn , e nce TwaTenbHo nepeMelmBam. JlylWTOBHOClX, 3 a T e M
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Kosm ~ a n y m nocne ~ ~ ~ E I C TuK yU n m e m Kosepmaa sapm U ~ O 10-1 M 2 MUHYT B mmueB noncone~~oti Bone, cnema o m a m a m n pm6upam Ha m m ~ . Y~osuuemmesacru m m e B pa3pe3w KIM 6mrr m o Z i . 3 a ~ CeI U~I ~ ~ ~ I B ~ IBO Tn p m e n b , nepecbmarr m e m - c p m , @op~ywr, n w y m B MyKe K a m a u o6caapuBW c o6em c r o p o ~Ha CKoBopone c x o 6 a m e m e ~Mama llonam B ~ T O B O MBme c COYCOM ~ O - ~ ~ Y ~ W H C~KWWK ,U K O ~ ~ KIM KeTYyIIOM.
Kpyrry memwiym 3 a ~ a w ~ anam30-40 mmyr, nponycmsepes 1wrcopy6q c ~opowotixne6a, n o 6 m M Y K ~ mHa, pacropom, ~emco~ a p e m m dpernand n y ~ne, :q ~ o n o ~ b d R fWPM~IOT KoTneTbr, 06-a~ m B MyKe
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r I o m ~ n e m y manyc cry a MOPKOB~~ a p e s m conow 3aTeM HX OTAWbHO TIPHlIyCKaIOT DO ITOJI~OTOBHOCTEIC no^ B B O ~ C .l l p m y w e ~ ~ b OBOW ~ e coemmnm, ~camaT O H K O ~crpyhofi muemmiym rcpyny, no6awmm M Y K ~ ma,corn, maTenHo nepeMemaroT, @ o p ~ y m ,nalym B MyKe KtlllITilHa u n o m a p m a m c 06eux c r o p o ~ . [Ionam Ha n o p m no 2-3 uny~cli.MOXHOyrcpacm i x a p e m m J I ~ K O Mu B~TO'MOB 3e~1em.
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Y ~ a x a e m e.nmTem, xo.ry nonemnwn c B ~ M MHaKonJIeHKbIM OlBlTOM B ~ ~ 6 oBlwa p e neffl.enbH0cl.nDJX IWipOKOro 6m~eca,He mewuero C ~ ~ O H H MCXI I ~ O B ,~a6upa1ouero m rona a mn pas~ax,6 ~ c r p ooqmamuero 3 a ~ p a mu COnepxaaero m p e c nsur m o r o p a 3 y ~ ~ owroBeKa. ro HaCKOJEKO ~ B ~ C T Hm O e (a s 3ama10cb m n m M 25 m ~ ) , neno 31-0 cosepmemo aoBoe, He mewuee a ~ a n o r oHH~ B omofi crpaHe Mfipa. 0 6 TOM r o ~ o p mreorpa@mnpuesxaw m r p w m m paw mi^^^ crpm mpa, a o 6 nonywm ~ a m ycnyrw a ~ a m kmTeruremym~bdiTosap w m a p , B KOTOPOM peamuymc~ ~mmen. Bce, wo A cehac mew, KeM crana u s d w e -nmeMy H 3nopo~a-fi TO 6naronaps n e q , K O T O ~ O MR~noC B m a CBow m w . Korna-1-0 25 neT m,Koma A T O ~ K OHamana 3nrr BW n e m r i o c m , R ewe He s ~ a n a KaK , 3m HmmaeTcR. Eonee m,m e u p m o c b cnacam CBOK) &m: B 1979 row A nonymna npmo Ha neacm no ~ ~ J E U W O C T E . Pi spami rrpor~o3~po~anu MHC c M e p OT 6one3m EexTepeBa u peB~ a m s ~opuempyR a, Ha M ~ ~ ~ C THmonan BO Ocrpo~c~oro. Ho cym6e 6 m o yromo noncKa3aTb MHe mofi n y ~ bornopornem o p m m m MemnaMu ~ ~ ~m ~ KHET o q x a e ~ m,U ~ ~ ~ R A u3 M 0 X6 u e c ~ ~ u anpocro O I I I ~ , ~ ~ ~ M O B K ~ A T U V ~ C TOVKOR K O ~ ~ c ~ 0 e f Xi M 3 H M C¶UTaK) ~ e ~ a 6 p b 1979 rona. Yepe3 HeCKOJbKO JIeT I33 ~ O ~ H O9WIOBeKa N 5I qeBpaTnnacb B ~apac@mymipa B 1983 mrry c~ana naypeaToM n e p ~ o r o~cecows~oro rcomypca no 3 ~ o n o mnenoseKa (POBHO sepe3 c e ~ nbe ~ ) f. i e , K ~ naypeay, K OTKPHmcb mome mepu, u A c ~ o m cena 3a p&m, He ocraarwr 87
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XHOB~HHOB Ha MaTepumax B. M. B ~ ~ H ~ ~ m cK ((Haymi o~O 3 %OM Bememe 3 e m > > . ~UJIU r o w , ~apa6amr~anca o m . P a y m ~ a mp a 6 m IwtreHep x m m - m e ~ m ) . W o r n moposba R WOKO ocBemana B nep~omecKoB neB 1990-1993 rr. n o m m m m a c b ~ ~ o m r u eSf i~ O Yam, CBOKX ~ ~ k l r O a m ~ c . m WII~JIIIPHH. n o COBOKYIU-IOBeKa KaK JIIO~UMHM ~ ~ J I O MIMHoro . e3nma -OT m u3nnesamt.rx pa6m (cehac yxe 47 KHW), cne pana no XaGapoac~a,OT C y p r y no O n e c c ~u h a - A ~ b I . s o 6 c ~ ~ p m03nopomem m Hapona, Mem rrpmmm B PocY m a n e m , mcana m,m3m MOR nomomm m~ ~ - eCTeCmeHmx Hay. MeHwraCb. np060~map a 6 0 ~ a ~nob n0lVBOpaM C ~ 0 ~ c d h ~y A~anemm n p o r p a ~ ~~ Oa J I H3nOpOBbR cTuIa BeCbMa I I o ~ ~ Y J I I I ~ H o ~ . HHMB cnewm-. TO~KO 1990-1991 K rr. B MO&MU~FIB 1999 rony a nonma 3 ~ x M6n o~q w ~ n a namm Ha n306peTpe wopo~bscrHanema~(r. Porn-~a-Hoxiy)o~pa60~a11u Teme c t K o m e ~ c ~ oo3nopomeHlie e o p r m 3 ~ renoseKa a 34 mocTpama (mepmamm, muiyc~,m e m , ammarre, 6e3 neKapmv. n o p e 3 y m ~ a ~ pa60m a ~ IIIKOJIM ~~OPOB~II mcna8bl). o@opmem 24 naTem n cnuneTeJIbcTsa H a nonesm~e MOB 1993 rony c ~ a n a ~ ~ p n c o ~ mam#op~a b ~ a m a 6ynymei uem, csmamme c n p o u 3 s o n c ~ ~ Mo Temonoruefi, ~ coomanp0rpaMMbl JUM BOWTaHOBJIeHklrr OCHOB 3gOPOBbR 'TtXOBeKa myromRe ((Haye o X ~ OBeweme M ~~MJMD. ecrecmemmm M ~ T O ~ ~ MTeopemiec~ofi U. OCHOBOBnporpmC KaWHM rOROM )'BeJIU¶UBaJIOCbKO.JIUYeCTB0 XWlalOMH cTana etHaya o WOM Bememe 3 e m B.~ M. Bepnrm nonycnyru ~ a m e i LII~onbr i 3noporlba. CT~JIO ~ a n c ~ o3 m .0 cocTaBHarr q a m (tYqerim o 6uo@epen 6bwa 6omme p a 6 o ~ a 1 o mB IU~oneMeTomcroB - x o B ~ ~ C K pa3pa60Ta~aHaUMM BenUKMM COOTeSeCTBeHHUKOM B tn;rrcEI H CTyneFITbI COsEmCKUX BY30B. fjM3He~ B 06nacm r p a 1944 rony P a 6 m B. kI. B ~ ~ H W C KoO n~ eO p e m HayKy cem e c ~ o f sKonom i senoseKa He s n a e ~ce3o~aocm.MJ,I peXX seKa Ha 150 n e ~ rnas~yro . Meay o 6ynynre~ MOXeM p a 6 o ~ a nK~)TJE&rOX. c b l U -rOpOX-KypOpT. HO Poccm B. ki. Bep~mcmil ~b1pa3n.n B csom n o c n e m cnop a 6 0 ~ a eB ~nocmy 3-4 Mecma B rony. K H ~ Mx e sax: ((POCCUU qweH P~HCTUTYT Xmom B e m e m 3 e m x n p u e 3 x m 3moii, Bec~ot,oceribm.. .HO He Mory-r npuexan lMbI -mom, 'lamum Xmoro Bewema 3 e m , u Bce JETOM. P ~ M K aPeWh1 E ~ rOCTUHkIrlHOrO KOMnneKCa CTaTM 3aKOHbI ~HOC@PH onpenH a w B03MOXHOCT6 pa3YMcnepxama-m c ~ o m n p m e ~ a m m fnun i ~ypopmon,6 ~ 3 HOrO TBOP¶eCKOI'O C ~ e C T R O B C W I WH Y C T O ~ ~ I F % O P O3ROPOBbR. Heca -npammecxym ~ K O J I YenoBeKa. O ~ MHroTDBbI paK coxcanem, m 06mee, m cneuuiuTbHoe cpemee, EM BHC6 o ~ a no n 12 IIpOrpaMMaM, a B6myXCJleHbIp a 6 0 ~ a ~no b onmee o6pa3o~anueHe m e w B rrporpaMMax m omoro saca troB. X o 3 m cc6ypraca~n p a m e c m i B M ~ ~ B J I S IIIKQIIY ~T no S T ~oonpoca~. I 3noposba crHanexcna)>K m o e neTo Ha y m y . M MH B M H ~ X B 1995 rony a npnexana B r. Cow H 3necb B mcuoHaTe s e w c0Kpcpanra.l.b JIeTOM CBOW pa60~yno ypOBHH KOHCYmrawu Hacenem. A M ~ W T ~ Mspem HC nosepHym B C ~ B. npmeHenocmlm~yMOH n y 6 ~ 1 ~ ~ a ro. nporpame m m o m ~ROHUU r r p u e ~ o npa~rniec~ofi ~ ~ K O J I umoBem O ~ -6 m e e posba 6 m yxe w e m t B POCCUU, Hapon exan B C o w ~ y p o p ~ ~6m~ieca. oro J h m i pCt3HbIX c ~ p m ~TOBM m a m 6onee OXOTHO, qeM B ~ p ~ 6 a ~ r n m (rne - yR pa6o~ana),6onee c e m m He npocTo 3a o m x , a 3a o m c n p o r p a ~ ~03ot OXOTHO, YeM B P ~ (me Ba m a ) M T. n. noponrrem Bmoe 6o~1bme. II MH TO yxe 3 ~ a e ~ . T ~CnOmca K oco6B ~m -m w n p m m-RbD( -He aKlyaTIbH0. ~ K O ~ O TYenoBeKa W~ c xopomo o l p ~ ~n poo r tp a ~ ~ o K k~ K ~ He crwtb n o n a ~ Mo He TaK m p e c ~ o . IP-KOB, TaK H llpaKTki¶eCKOfi,O ~ ~ ~ O ~ O B ~ ~ I W I ~ H O ~ , llpocn, ~ y p u - 388
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H a m coepeMeme cma-ropmi pawmonet no 60ne3m. Bxon B mopo~bIZto6pa3 ~ H -Usepes 3~onorum senoseKa. OHonepexaer sperm Ha 100 neT. ~ ~ e c n o c o 6 ~nonxona o m K KYPOPTHOMY6 m ~ e c yqep a B K O J I O ~senoBeKa -perympHan mrpy3rca Eja3b1 wnrdl mn. Cpemee K o m e m cnyma~enet- 150 senoseK B o m 3ae3n. 3a BpeMs n p e 6 m a ~ mB mane 3nopo~ba(14 m e t ) cnymaTerm O C B ~ ~ K Yo Tm o p o ~ ~ ~~ ye l~ o~ r w~cy yp ,owc m e m opmmMa, OCB~EIB~IOTKYPC n p a m e c ~ ost ~ o n o m YenOBeKa. B HaCTORUee BpeM YpOBeHb KOM@O~THOCTU HOMePOB naricnoHaTa ~Eyprac))He m e q a m ~ p e 6 0 ~ 3 acnymaTe~m~ net IIIKoJEJ 3XOpOBbB. ~ ~ T C T BH U ~~ O ~ IUIOIUaX O ~ net He IfO3BOJLReT peanw30BbIBaTbBCe 0 3 ~ 0 p O BIIpU ~ ~ e r p a M m I H ~ a p a 6 o ~ a ~T~XHOJIOIHE~ ~bre (6onee 20 namrro~A
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