Банківське право. Навчальний посібник

                     

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  —2006

 347.734(477)(075.8)

 67.9.40273 23  ! ""#$%#$&!' !#&"$ " *+ +, (#$ - 14/18.2-2941&" 20.12.2005 .)  . .  — !+$! ;<= *+, %+$! *+!&!-!#?"!@!

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  .. +"&#A+% E&!: &<. E!#"H+. — .: %$ &<?A!, ?"$%$*, 2006. — 344 #. ISBN 966–364–217–3

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«+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&!»,  $+!J $%'!; «K&!&% %@*?;& H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$"» !'$&!@! +*#* «L"#!&% E&!», M! &+?;$A#  ;<!'* +*?A$%$" ,&#A+!@! C"!?A!@! *"&%#$%$* "'%" # %&<%+. K F!@! E"@!$!&C" &$! #E?#  &?#F !#&", !$'F * E!C%#" <$ ?%+C"F  ;<!'* +*?A$%$" ,&#A+!@! C"!?A!@! *"&%#$%$* "'%" # %&<%+,  $+!J !#&" E+$<!, !H!$ * H+"&#A+!'* #%+$!" +,. D&’D+* D C' * E!#"H+* @'!"F! E!I" $%!%$<" $ E+$<" #E%+$ E&!&!@! %@*?;& H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$". ? #$*%$"&, #E"$"&, &+?<"& ;<= $ %+!!'"<= &<?A= D+?"&, EC"&+"& H+"&#A+!@! #%+$! $ <$<"&, +" C"+&?$A# E$' E&!&!@! %@*?;& H+"&#A+= &"!#.

ISBN 966–364–217–3

© N. . M%+!, 2006 © %$ &<?A!, ?"$%$*, 2006



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.K. ?;+ * #&!,F '!!@", E!&!$A C"+&F ?"D "#*;<= E"=!"& ! &D<% $%'" «H+»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«H+»  %@*?;& &?#% H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$", $!H$! E&? (*'!& !@!&!"& $!M!), +" D#$!#!&*&?# & H+"&#A+"F E+$C"5. =!&*;<, M! &"E!&"! ! T+!* +, «K! T@?A!%J&* E!@'* E$C", D+!!&#$& +, ! D+!!&#$& V&!E%F#A+!@! !;D*» H+"&#A+% E&! &D<%! & +!#$" !"I, D E"!$%$= #% E$C", D+!!&#$& +,, E!?"D*I'!, +' <!' C% E$ &"R*I$A# * D+!!&#$&" V&!E%F#A+!@! !;D*. T&%$I'! *&@*  $%, M! !#!&" E&!&" D# H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" D+?%" * %+$&" 2000/12/V V&!E%F#A+!@! K?'%$* $  V &" 20 H%%D 2000 . M!! #$&!% $ "?A!#$" +%$= *#$!&, D #$*E' D'"' $ !E!&%'6. &+D!'* !+*'%$" V&!E%F#A+!@! !;D* &J&;$A# $+" E!$$, + «+%$ *#$!&» $ «"#!& *#$!&». K" +%$!; *#$!&!; !D*'"I$A#: 3

' #'!. ' #'!. (  %.%. +!&#+!% E&! @?. — .: $$*$, 2000. — . 5—9. 6 OJ L 126, 26.5.2000, p.1. 4 5

10

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x E"EI'#$&!, M! D"F#;I "?A"#$A D !$' &" +?"I$"& %E!D$"& H! "R= +!R$"&, +" E"?@;$A E!&%%;, $  +%$"& D #&"F &?#F =*!+ H! x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—12 !$+*  (D!+%', +%$*&, "#!&F ?"D@, E!#?*@ D E%%+D* @!R%F,  @$"F). +," D+!!&<% &D<% E!$$ «H+» '"#$$A# * #$$$" 1 T+!* +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A» &" 7 @* 2000 . - 2121-. "E!&"! ! C"I, #$$$" H+ — C% ;< !#!H, + 'I &+?;<% E&!  E"#$&" ?"C%D", C"!?A!@! H+* +, D"F#;&$ * #*+*E!#$" $+" !E%C",: i D?*<% * &+? @!R!&= +!R$"& "D<= " ;<= !#"H; i !D'"M% DD<%= +!R$"& &" #&!@! "'%",  &?#= *'!&= $  &?#F D+; i &"+$$ " &%% H+"&#A+= =*+"& "D<= $ ;<= !#"H. '% C" $ @*E !E%C"F " #+?;$A D'"#$ H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$". +%'! &+D" !E%C", '!J*$A D"F#;&$ "R" "#!&!-+%$" *#$!&, * #*+*E!#$" — ?R% H+. +' <!', <% H+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&! +, * <#$" &D   

11

<% E!$$ «H+» _*$*I$A#  +?#<!'* E"=!" +!$%$?A!, ##$%' E&. K"$'*;< & C"?!'* &M%DD<%* +?#<* E!DC"; M!! &D<% «H+», &"$<D" &<%" — ;#$ $ %+!!'"#$ — &#?!&?;;$A #&!, '"+*& D CA!@! E$. T!+%', +?#+ H+"&#A+!@! E&, E!&"F #A+F &<%F . . @+!& * #&!I'* E"*<+* « #!&` H+!&!@! E&» &"?I $ *+C", H+"&: 1) D"H <*J= +!R$"&; 2)  +%$*; 3) #E E?$"J!'* !H!!$*7. K CA!'* &<%F &"'"<I, M! DD<%" $ !#!&" *+C", H+"&, =!< " I FH"?AR ? = =+$%', !+ % D&J * #*+*E!#$" E$'" E"EI'#$&', +" EF$! &&J$ H+'. +!#$" E+?"& &", D!+%', &!$A J!-H+, +" % &? +%$ #&!,' +?"I$',  $"?A+ #E? E?$"J!'* !H!!$* R?=!' J!-!E%C"F, $!H$! E%%%#%' #*' D !!@! =*+*  "RF8. D<;< '%J" +*#* H+!&!@! E&, . . @+!& &"'"<I, M! * H"?AR!#$" &E+"& D+!!&#$&! E!&’D*I ;<" #?"+ D E!$$' +%$!, *#$!&. !'*, '!J?&!, E&?A"R% H*?! H D&$ +*# % «H+!&% E&!»,  «E&! +%$= *#$!&». K!$% &"#*$"#$A <"$+!@! &D<% E!$A «H+» $ «+%$ *#$!&» !H?$A C"?+!' '!J?&' DH%%J% D&<!, $ $C"F!, D& «H+!&% E&!»…9

$J%, &<%F &"!#$A ! E%'%$ H+!&!@! E& % $"?A+ &"!# D *<#$" H+"&,  F &"!# D *<#$" %H+"&#A+= +%$= *#$!&, +" D"F#;;$A E%&" H+"&#A+" !E%C",, $ % E!&!$A <"$+!@! !D'%J*& '"J $%'"!' «H+» $ «+%$ !@"DC"». T E&!* #E"&&"!R% C= $%'""& . . @+!& D&%$I *&@*, M! «E!$$ H+* $ +%$!, *#$!& #'" E! #!H" I E!$$' %+!!'"<',  % ;<'. ! $!'* " % ';$A $"I, <"$+!#$", + E$' !#$"'. K!$% &! I %!H="' ? &&<% E&!&= E$A, !#+"?A+ D+! E!&’D*I D !#!H!; H+* H! +%$!, *#$!& E%&" ;<" #?"+»10.  E!"?I'! &%%* $!<+* D!* &"!'!@! 7 %)  .. #!&` H+!&!@! E&: *# ?%+C"F. D. 2-%. <%% ! C%`= H*'@=: *<!% ##?%!&%. — .: D-&! , 1994. — . 7. 8 ' #'!. — . 7—8. 9 ' #'!. — . 12. 10 ' #'!. — . 12.

12

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&<%!@!, * D&’D+* D <' E!E!*I'! D&%*$# ! E!DC"F %+!!'"#$"& #$!#!&! #E"&&"!R% DD<%= E!$A. T!+%', &<%F-%+!!'"#$ . D;H?;+, !#?"J*;< E$ E! #*$A +!'%C"F!@! H+* " #E%C"+* H+"&#A+!@! E!*+$*, &"'"<I, M! « E%%?"+* !E%C"F, +" D@"! "D <' D+!!&#$&!' '!J% &+!*&$ +!'%C"FF H+, HD*I$A# ;<% $?*'<% F!@! #*$". K!$% % #' D+! &D<I #*$A +!'%C"F!@! H+*,  %+!!'"<F H"+ #E&, E! H+*, DH%DE%<% D+!!&<' E&!' D"F#;&$ &"E!&"" !E%C",… !#!&" ;<!@! E!$$ +!'%C"F!@! H+* ?%J$A &?#% %+!!'"<F #E%+$»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«H+» $ _*$*I$A#  +?#<!'* E"=!" +!$%$?A!, ##$%' E& ! !D*'" CA!@! $%'". R% H+ * #*+*E!#$" D"F#;;$A $+" !E%C",, +: x D?*<% * &+? @!R!&= +!R$"& "D<= " ;<= !#"H; x !D'"M% DD<%= +!R$"& &" #&!@! "'%",  &?#= *'!&= $  &?#F D+; x &"+$$ " &%% H+"&#A+= =*+"& "D<= $ ;<= !#"H. R" "#!&!-+%$" *#$!& '!J*$A D"F#;&$ !+%'" H+"&#A+" !E%C", * E!+*, &#$!&?%!'* D+!!'.

11 *'' &. ! E$ E! #*$A +!'%C"F!@! H+* " #E%C"+* H+"&#A+!@! E!*+$* // "#+  . — 1999. — - 4. — . 61.

   

13

§ 2.             "E!&"! ! #$$$" 1 T+!* +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A» H+"&#A+ "?A"#$A &+?;<I & #%H% $+" @*E H+"&#A+= !E%C"F, +: x D?*<% * &+? @!R!&= +!R$"& "D<= " ;<= !#"H; x !D'"M% DD<%= +!R$"& &" #&!@! "'%",  &?#= *'!&= $  &?#F D+; x &"+$$ " &%% H+"&#A+= =*+"& "D<= $ ;<= !#"H. +' <!' D+!!&%CA %M! D&*J*I #%* H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$". K!$% '%$!; $+!@! &D<% I &"?% !#!&= !E%C"F, D"F#;&$ +" * #*+*E!#$" ';$A E&! ?R% H+. K! D C' $A!' &' !E%C"F H+ ("R" "#!&" *#$!&),  * &D<%= D+!' +, &E+= — $+!J " "R" ;<" !#!H ';$A E&! D"F#;&$ " "R" !E%C",, E!&’D" D !E%C"', +" #+?;$A D'"#$ H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$".

D&’D+* D C' 'I'! !D@?$ E!$$ «H+"&#A+ "?A"#$A» * R!+!'* $ * &*DA+!'* !D*'"". R!+!'* !D*'"" E" H+"&#A+!; "?A"#$; !D*'";$A# &#" & !E%C"F, +" '!J*$A D"F#;&$ &"E!&"! ! D+!!&#$& H+,  * &D<%= D+!!' &E+= — "R" ;<" !#!H. &*DA+!'* !D*'"" H+"&#A+ "?A"#$A &+?;<I & #%H% ?R% $" !E%C",, +" &"?;$A H+ D <#? "R= "#!&!-+%$= *#$!&. CA!'* +!$%+#$", ?"D*;< E!$$ «H+"&#A+% E&!», «H+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&!», «H+"&#A+" E&!&"!#» $!M!, ' H*%'! &J&$ $%'" «H+"&#A+ "?A"#$A» #'% * R!+!'* !D*'"". ? !E%C"F, +" * #*+*E!#$" '!J*$A D"F#;&$ ?R% H+, ' E!E!*I'! &+!#$!&*&$ $%'" «!E%C", &+?;<!, +!'E%$%C", H+"&». +"&#A+" !E%C", EF$! E!"?$  +$&", E#&" $ +!'"#"F". +$&" !E%C", E!?@;$A * &+!#$" %#*#"& H+* (D!+%'  +%$"&).  *'+* .. #!#+", +$&" !E%C", +!'%C"F!@! H+* '!J !D"?$  4 &%?+" @*E: +%$" !E%C", (H! E!D<+); "&%#$C", & C"" EE%; +#!&" !E%C",; "R" +$&12. 12    . . !&%'%`F +!''%<%#+F H+: *E&?%%  !E%C. — . 175—176.

14

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K#&" !E%C", — C% !E%C",, +" E!?@;$A * D?*<%" @!R!&= +!R$"& — "D<= $ ;<= !#"H — +?"I$"& H+* (%E!D$ H! &+?). !'"#"F" !E%C", — C% D"F#% H+' E!#%%CA+!, "?A!#$", D!+%', !H#?*@!&*& E?$%J"& +?"I$"&, "+#C", DH%"@ &?;$= C"!#$%F $ C"= EE%"& $ ". +"&#A+ "?A"#$A D"F#;I$A#  E"#$&" E%&= ECE"&.  *'+* . K. ?;+, !#!&' ECE' H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" '!J &D<$: x %D?%J"#$A H+"& * #&!,F "?A!#$", ,= %+!!'"< #'!#$"F"#$A; x %&$*< !@"& %J&!, &? $ '"#C%&!@! #'!&*& & "?A"#$A H+"&, D &$+!' &E+"&, *#$!&?%= D+!!&#$&!' (D!+%', & '%J= !@"DC", C"!?A' H+!' H+"&#A+!@! %@*?;& $ H+"&#A+!@! @?*); x !D'%J*& &"E!&"?A!#$" '"J H+' $ %J&!;; x !H!&’D+!&"#$A !$' H+' ?"C%D"F (!D&!?"&)  D"F#% H+"&#A+= !E%C"F, E%%H<%= D+!!&#$&!'; x !H!&’D+!&"#$A !$' H+' &#$!&?%=  %+!!'"<= !'$&"& ? E"$' #$H"?A!#$" H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +, $ D=#$* "$%%#* +?"I$"&; x D+"E?% D H+' E& !E%$&!, #'!#$"F!#$" * &H!" +?"I$"& $ &"& !E%C"F, D +' &" H*% #E%C"?"D*&$#; x DH%DE%<% "D<' $ ;<' !#!H' E& &"?A!@! &H!* H+*; x DH%DE%<% &+! H+!' &D$=  #%H% 'F!&= D!H!&’DA E%% +?"I$' $ $%$"' !#!H', & E%R* <%@* — E!&%% @!R!&= +!R$"& &+?+' H+"&13.

§ 3.    ,         

T+!" +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A» &J&;$A# $+" E!$$, + «H+"&#A+" !E%C",» $ «H+"&#A+" *@!». &+D!'* T+!" '"#$$A# #E%C"?A #$$$ 47, + 'I D&* «H+"&#A+" !E%C",». 13

&' &. ". +D EC. — .27.

   

15

K!?"D*&&R ,, D'"#$, '!J D!H$ &#!&!+, M! D+!!&%CA !D"DI H+"&#A+" !E%C",,  $+!J "R" !E%C", $ *@!. +, &+?;<! H+"&#A+' !E%C"' I $+", +: 1. KF' &+?"& (%E!D$"&) &" ;<= $ "D<= !#"H. 2. "+$$ $ &%% E!$!<= =*+"& +?"I$"& " H+"&+!%#E!%$"&, * $!'* <#?" E%%+D @!R!&= +!R$"& D C= =*+"& D !E!'!@!; E?$"J= "#$*'%$"& $ D=*& +!R$"&  =. 3. !D'"M% D?*<%= +!R$"& &" #&!@! "'%",  &?#= *'!&= $  &?#F D+. TD<%" !E%C", * #*+*E!#$" ';$A E&! D"F#;&$ ?R% H+  E"#$&" ?"C%D",, &!, C"!?A' H+!'

+,. R" ;<" !#!H ';$A E&! D"F#;&$ *@* $ $%$; !E%C",  E"#$&" ?"C%D",  D"F#% !+%'= H+"&#A+= !E%C"F, &!,  .

*@"F <#$" #$$$" 47 '"#$$A# &+?;<F E%%?"+ !E%C"F $ *@!, +" H+ '!J*$A D"F#;&$, +"' H+"&#A+= !E%C"F, DD<%= * <#$" 1 C"I, #$$$". T!+%', ! = &"%#%! !E%C", D &?;$' C"!#$', %'"#"; &?#= C"= EE%"&,  @$"F " E!*<$%?A#$&, ?"D@ $ ". +' <!', D+!!&%CA, ;< E%%?"+ "R= !E%C"F, +" '!J*$A D"F#;&$ H+, E!$$ «!E%C",» $ «*@!» &J&I + $!$!J".  &"'"* &" H+"&#A+= !E%C"F, !E%C", $ *@!, &D<%" * <#$" 2 #$$$" 47 '!J*$A D"F#;&$ % ?R% H+,  F "R" ;<" !#!H * E!+*, &D<%!'* D+!' +,.

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— D !' &!= $ H"?AR% @?*D%F. K!#$F "#$$*$, + &" &&JI, I %&%?+' $ % '"#$$A * #!H" "+= "R= E"!D"?"&. +?F H! +!'E?%+#F "#$$*$,  *'+* . . $*D!&, I &"!#! &%?+', 'I * #&!I'* #+?" H"?AR "H" #'!#$"F" *$&!%, +" D&I #*H"#$$*$'. +' <!', &" !$!$!J;I E!$$ «#+?F "#$$*$» $ «+!'E?%+#F "#$$*$» (?!@"<* E!DC"; DF';$A %+" "R" ="&C"29. "' $!@!,  F!@! *'+*, %!H="! #$&$ D+ "&!#$" '"J E!$$' «'"J@?*D%&F "#$$*$» $ «D'"RF "#$$*$». . . K%%&?!&, ?"D*;< ##$%'* E& $ ##$%'* D+!!&#$&, &"?I «@?*D%&" $ '"J@?*D%&" (+!'E?%+#") E&!&" "#$$*$»30, $' #'' !$!$!J;;< E!$$ «'"J@?*D%&F "#$$*$» $ «+!'E?%+#F "#$$*$». . . '$"I&, . L. *DA'", . . DI& $ "R" &$!, !D@?;< C%F #$*+$*F %?%'%$ ##$%' E&, DD<;$A, M! «D&<F! E&!&F "#$$*$ — C% E!"&! %&%?+ #E"?A"#$A !', #E%C"+ $ &$!!'"#$A +!, % &=!$A D '%J" !"I, @?*D" E&. $!F J% <# !+%'" $+ D&" D'"R" "#$$*$ '!J*$A '"#$$ !', =+$%" ? "D= @?*D%F E&. 28 %! @!#*#$&  E&. *# ?%+CF / K! %. . . $*D!&  . . ?A+!. — .: N#$d, 1997. — . 352. 29

HM $%! E&  @!#*#$&: <%H+ / K! %. . . D%&. — 2-% D., E%%H.  !E. — .: N#$d, 1996. — . 169. 30 %! @!#*#$&  E&: <%H+ ? ;<%#+= &*D!&  +*?A$%$!& / K! %. . . !%?A#+!@!  . . K%%&?!&. — .: D$%?A#+ @*EE L —  —   , 1997. — . 317.

24

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&"#$A D'"R= "#$$*$"& E!#;I$A# $', M! !!""#$A &"!#, M! %@*?;;$A# @?*DD; E&, % I #$%?A!;. "F D&J (& %+= &E+= H"?AR%, & %+= — '%R%) E#*$ E%& +"?A+"#$A "R= &"!#, &"'"= D !'!;, ?% $"#! E!&’D= D "R' D #&!,' ED<%'»31. . . !EIF<+!&, . . !?!"F, . . #%+!& D&%$;$A *&@*  $%, M! «"!" %+" &"!# %@*?;;$A# !'' "D= @?*D%F E&, $!'* C" !' *$&!;;$A +!'E?%+#F "#$$*$ E&» 32.  R E!@?, E&?A!; I E!DC" . . ?%+#II&, +F DD<&, M! «% '!J !$!$!J;&$ E!$$ «'"J@?*D%&F (+!'E?%+#F) E&!&F "#$$*$» $ «D'"RF "#$$*$»,  $+!J «#+?F "#$$*$» $ «+!'E?%+#F "#$$*$». K!$$ «+!'E?%+#F "#$$*$» . . ?%+#%I& !D@?I & +!$%+#$" «E!&!I» ##$%' E&. "' $!@!, &" &"?I !H’I "#$$*$"&,  $+!J @?*D%&" +!'E?%+#" "#$$*$ $ '"J@?*D%&" +!'E?%+#" "#$$*$33. T'"RF "#$$*$, D&%$I &" *&@*, «I % DH"' *$&!%', % +!@?!'%$!' "D R'$!<+"& "D= @?*D%F,  @?*D%&' "#$$*$!', ! +!@! E!#!<?# (&&?# «E"'"R'») %?%'%$ "R= @?*D%F»34. +!#$" E+?* &" &!$A D'"R" "#$$*$ & @?*D= C&"?A!@! $ #"'%F!@! E&. =!< D $+!, E!DC",, !', +" %@?'%$*;$A &"!# * #%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$", #+?;$A +!'E?%+#F '"J@?*D%&F "#$$*$. m% !' #E"' E$' I '"#C% !', +" %@?'%$*;$A "?A"#$A %H+"&#A+= "#!&= *#$!&, * ##$%'" E&

+,.  *'+* . . T&%*=, E%'%$ H+"&#A+!@! E& #+?;$A #*#E"?A" &"!#, M! &+;$A D E&!* D"F#% H+"&#A+= !E%C"F $  H+"&#A+= E!#?*@ *E!&!&J%' ;<' !#!H': H+' $ "#!&' *#$!&',  $+!J — C"!?A' H+!' +,, + !@!', "?%' !#$$*C"I; $ <' D+!!&#$&!' &+?;<' *+C"' & #%= @!R!&!@! !H"@*, +%$!, E!?"$+,  &"$+ — DH%DE%<%' *+C"!*& " !D&$+* H+"&#A+!, 31

HM $%! E&: <%H+ ? ;<%#+= &*D!& / '$%& . ., *DA' .L., D%& . .  .; K! !HM. %. .. K@!?+. — 2-% D., #E.  !E. — .: D-&!  '. .w.*', 1995. — . 171. 32 T@?A $%!" %J& " E&: &<. E!#"H. / !?!"F .., !EIF<+!& . ., #%+!& .. $ "R" / T %. . . !EIF<+!&. — $%. &. — .: N"+!' $%, 1999. — . 171. 33 %  .. $*+$* #!&%$#+!@! E&. — .: N. ?$., 1975. — . 151. 34 %  .. +D EC. — . 132.

   

25

##$%'35. D &%%!@! &D<% &E?&I, M! R!&F *+!&%CA &"!#$A ! !H!&’D+!&!@! #*H’I+$ H+"&#A+= E&!&"!# % ?R% H+,  F "R" "#!&" *#$!&.  E!"?I'! E!DC"; . . T&%*= M!! %'!J?&!#$" !H'%J% +!? H+"&#A+= &"!# &"!#' D *<#$; ?R% H+"&, " &&JI'!, M! #*H’I+$' DD<%= &"!# I $+!J " "R" "#!&" *#$!& E D"F#%" ' H+"&#A+= !E%C"F. K"#*'!&*;< &M%&+?%%, '!J #!'*?;&$:      — C% '"J@?*D%&F +!'E?%+#F E&!&F "#$$*$, M! !H’I*I !' '""#$$&!@!, "#!&!@!, C&"?A!@! $ @!#E!#A+!@! E&, +" %@*?;;$A &"!# '"J H+' (%H+"&#A+' "#!&' *#$!&') $ "R' ;<' " "D<' !#!H' & #%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$".  &"'"* &" E!$$ «H+"&#A+% E&!», M!, + ' D’#*&?, I !#$A #+*#"F' * &"$<D"F ;<"F ?"$%$*", D E!$$' «H+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&!» &#% H@$! E!#$"R%. &"$A DE%%<*;< "#*& $+!, @?*D" E&, + H+"&#A+% E&!, % '!J % E!@!$#A D "#*&' @?*D" H+"&#A+!@! D+!!&#$&. +"&#A+% D+!!&#$&! ' '!J%'! &D<$ + +!'E?%+#* @?*DA D+!!&#$&, + I #*+*E"#$; !'$&!-E&!&= +$"&, M! %@*?;;$A &"!# * #%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$".

§ 2.      :  ,         +"&#A+" E&!&"!# —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— .: #$!?H", 2002. — .10.

26

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[+ ' &J% D’#*&?, H+"&#A+" E&!&"!# D #&!I; E&!&!; E!!; '!J*$A H*$ '""#$$&', "#!&', C&"?A' H! @!#E!#A+'. =!&*;< %!!""#$A H+"&#A+= E&!&"!#, &! ';$A + E%&" #E"?A" !D+, $+ " &"'"" !D+. +, ! #E"?A= !D+ H+"&#A+= E&!&"!# '!J &"%#$: 1) &+% ,= * #%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$"; 2) !"I; #$!!!; H+"&#A+= E&!&"!# D&J I "#!&F E!#%%+ — C%$?AF H+ %J& < "RF H+, H! %H+"&#A+ "#!& *#$!&. m!! &"'"= !D+ "#!&=, '""#$$&=, C&"?A= < @!#E!#A+= &"!#, %!H="! &=!&*&$, M! ? +!J!, @*E $+= E&!&"!# I =+$%' !D+, +" E$'" &"E!&"' @?*D%&' E&!&"!#'. +, +M! C% H+"&#A+" &"!# "#!&!-E&!&!@! =+$%*, ? = =+$%" $+" !D+, + &+% * #%" "#!&!, "?A!#$" C"!?A!@! H+* +,, &?!-'F!&F =+$%.  &"'"* &" DD<%= &"!#, H+"&#A+" E&!&"!# C&"?A!-E&!&!@! =+$%* =+$%D*;$A# "&"#$; #$!" ($!H$! I #E!D$&'). [+ " H*A-+" E&!&"!#, H+"&#A+" E&!&"!# #+?;$A# D $+= !#!&= %?%'%$"&, + #*H’I+$, !H’I+$ $ D'"#$ H+"&#A+= E&!&"!#. %!H="! DD<$, M! &D<% +!? #*H’I+$"& H+"&#A+= E&!&"!# I #+*#"F' * ;<"F *C". T!+%', !#$A <#$! ! !H!&’D+!&= #*H’I+$"& DD<%= E&!&"!# &"!#$A ?R% H+. E+?, . . < & D?%J!#$" &" #*H’I+$!@! #+?* &"?I $+" H+"&#A+" E&!&"!#: 1) '"J H+' $ +?"I$'; 2) '"J &!' +!'%C"F' H+' D E&!* D"F#% H+"&#A+= !E%C"F; 3) '"J C"!?A' H+!' $ +!'%C"F' H+'; 4) '"J +!'%C"F' H+' D E&!* #$&!% #!;D"&, #!C"C"F $ "R= &!H<= *$&!%A —
=   &. &. +D EC. — . 9.

   

27

. . !#$;<%+! &&JI, M! #*H’I+$' H+"&#A+= E&!&"!# '!J*$A H*$ %J&" !@ ( ), ;<" !#!H (+!'%C"F" H+, E"EI'#$&), "D<" !#!H (@!'

+,, "!D%'C"). #!H?&' #*H’I+$!' I %J&37. +' <!', DD<%" ="&C" &"!#$A ! !H!&’D+!&= #*H’I+$"& H+"&#A+!@! E& ?R% H+"&#A+" *#$!&. T R!, $!<+ D!*, FH"?AR !H_*$!&!; I E!DC" . . T&%*=.  ,, *'+*, E%'%$ H+"&#A+!@! E& #+?;$A #*#E"?A" &"!#, M! &+;$A D E&!* D"F#% H+"&#A+= !E%C"F $  H+"&#A+= E!#?*@ *E!&!&J%' ;<' !#!H': H+' $ "#!&' *#$!&',  $+!J — C"!?A' H+!' +, + !@!', "?%' !#$$*C"I; $ <' D+!!&#$&!' &+?;<' *+C"' & #%= @!R!&!@! !H"@*, +%$!, E!?"$+,  &"$+ — DH%DE%<% *+C"!*& " !D&$+* H+"&#A+!, ##$%'38.  R* *'+*, &D<?A% D<% ? &"!+%'?% H+"&#A+= E&!&"!# &" "R= E&!&"!# I #% ,= &+% — #% H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$". =!< D $!@!, +" !#!H ';$A E&! D"F#;&$ H+"&#A+" !E%C",, !H!&’D+!&' #*H’I+$' H+"&#A+= E&!&"!# I: x C"!?AF H+ +,; x "R" H+; x "#!&" *#$!&, +"  E"#$&" !D&!?*  ';$A E&! D"F#;&$ E%&" H+"&#A+" !E%C",. +"&#A+" E&!&"!# '!J*$A &+$ + '"J &M%DD<%' #*H’I+$', $+ " '"J ',  $+!J ;<' $ "D<' !#!H' — +?"I$' H+"& $ %H+"&#A+= "#!&= *#$!&. [+ &"!'!, #*H’I+$ H*A-+= E&!&"!# ';$A E&!#*H’I+$"#$A. K" E&!#*H’I+$"#$; * $%!", E& !D*'"I$A# D$"#$A #*H’I+$"& ("D<= $ ;<= !#"H) H*$ *<#+' &"E!&"= E&!&"!#. K&!#*H’I+$"#$A &+?;<I $+" !H!&’D+!&" #+?!&" %?%'%$, +: x E&!D$"#$A; x "ID$"#$A; x %?"+$!D$"#$A. K&!D$"#$A — C% E%%H<% !'' E& D$"#$A #*H’I+$"& '$ #*H’I+$&" E& $ %#$ ;<" !H!&’D+. 37 38

28

= ' &. %. +D EC. — . 17. A  ;. <. +D EC. — . 10. . . 

"ID$"#$A — C% E%%H<% !'' E& D$"#$A #*H’I+$"& #&!,' "' H*&$ #*H’I+$&= E& $ ,= %?"D!&*&$,  $+!J &+!*&$ E!+?%"  = !H!&’D+. %?"+$!D$"#$A — C% E%%H<% !'' E& D$"#$A #*H’I+$"& %#$ &"E!&"?A"#$A D &<%" E&!E!*R%. !'%$ &+% E&!#*H’I+$!#$" ;<= $ "D<= !#"H &""DI$A#. +, E&!D$"#$A "D<= !#"H &+I D '!'%$* !J% $ EEI$A# D '!'%$* #'%$". L"D<" !#!H I "&' * #&!,F E&!D$!#$". &E+=, &#$!&?%= D+!!', !=!!;$A# "$%%# D<$!,, ?% M% % !J%!, $.

&E+=, &#$!&?%= D+!!', D$"#$A '$ !+%'" C&"?A" E& $ !H!&’D+ '!J% E!&’D*&$# D !#@%' "D<!; !#!H!; &"E!&"!@! &"+* (#$$$ 25 &"?A!@! +!%+#* +,). &"?A% D+!!&#$&! +, !D"DI <#$+!&*, %E!&*, E!&* $ !H'%J%* "ID$"#$A "D<!, !#!H. #$+!&* "ID$"#$A 'I !#!H, + % !#@?
29

$"F! !DE!J$# #&!,' D!H"$+!', #$E%"I; < "R' !=!' H! E!DH&$ ,, CA!@! E&. T@"! "D #$$$%; 34 &"?A!@! +!%+#* +, E!& C&"?A "ID$"#$A "D<!, !#!H #$I D 18 !+"&. D" %I#$C", R?;H* "D<!, !#!H, + % !#@? E!&!?"$$, &! H*&I E!&!, C&"?A!, "ID$!#$" D '!'%$* %I#$C", R?;H*. $$$%; 35 &"?A!@! +!%+#* +, E%%H<%" E"#$&  "D<"F !#!H" E!&!, "ID$!#$" ! !#@% E!&!?"$$. +, E!& C&"?A "ID$"#$A '!J% H*$  "D<"F !#!H", + !#@? 16 !+"& " EC;I D $*!&' !@!&!!',  $+!J %E!&!?"$"F !#!H", + DE# '$"’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’D+. D" EE% $*!&!@! !@!&!*, EE% "D<!; !#!H!; E"EI'CA+!, "?A!#$"  ,F E!& C&"?A "ID$"#$A DH%"@I$A#. +' <!', "D< !#!H, +"F  E!& C&"?A "ID$"#$A, D!+%' & #%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$", 'I E&! &"+&$ E!$!<" $ &+?" =*+ * "#!&= *#$!&=, !$'*&$ +%$, &#$*E$ E!*<$%?%', D#$&!&C%' $!M!. "E!&"! ! #$$$" 36 &"?A!@! +!%+#* +, #* '!J% !H'%J$ C&"?A* "ID$"#$A "D<!, !#!H, +M! &! #$JI  E#="<F !D?, +F "#$!$! &E?&I  ,, D$"#$A *#&"!'?;&$ D<% #&!,= "F $ (H!) +%*&$ '. * '!J% !H'%J$ C&"?A* "ID$"#$A "D<!, !#!H, +M! &! D?!&J&I #E$' E!', +!$<' D#!H', $!+#<' %
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+,, #$!#*;$A# $+ D&!, D@?A!, E&!#*H’I+$!#$". K!$%, E! "D D@?A!; H+ 'I $+!J " #E%C"?A* E&!#*H’I+$"#$A, E" +!; #?" !D*'"$ D$"#$A ;<!, !#!H H*&$ E& $ !H!&’D+"& $ %#$ &"E!&"?A"#$A * D&’D+* "D D"F#%' H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$".  &"'"* &" D@?A!, C&"?A!, E&!D$!#$" H+"&#A+ E&!D$"#$A &+I D '!'%$* %I#$C", H+* C"!?A' H+!' +, $ &%#% F!@! ! %I#$* H+"&. +"&#A+ "ID$"#$A &+I  E"#$&" H+"&#A+!, ?"C%D",, &!, C"!?A' H+!' +,.  *'+* . . V'!&!,, M!! H+"& $ "R= +%$= *#$!& 'I H*$ DH%%J%F ECE #E%C"?A!, E&!D$!#$" ;<= !#"H. !@! !C"?A! #!'*?;&$, DD<&R, M! D!&% &<% *@!, + % &"E!&"I #$$*$"F E&!D$!#$" ;<!, !#!H (H+*, "R!, +%$!, *#$!&), % I E!*R%' D+!*. "' $!@!, * T+!" E! H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A, D ,, $!<+ D!*, %!H="! $ E'"F E%%?"+ *@!, +" % I H+"&#A+' !E%C"', ?% E!"H" ! = (E+?, +!'%C"F% +%$*&   

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32

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?A!#$" H+"& " %H+"&#A+= "#!&= *#$!& M!! D"F#% +!+%$= H+"&#A+= !E%C"F.  E"#$&" "D= +$%",& '!J &"?$ $+" & H+"&#A+= E&!&"!#: 1. T E&!&!; E!!;: x "#!&!-E&!&"; x C&"?A!-E&!&"; x '""#$$&!-E&!&"; x @!#E!#A+!-E&!&". 2. T '%$!!' E&!&!@! %@*?;&: x &"!#, D#!&"  "&!#$" #$!"; x &?!-'F!&" &"!#. 3. T #*H’I+$' #+?!': 3.1. T *<#$; C"!?A!@! H+* +,: x E&!&"!# '"J C"!?A' H+!' +, $ "R' H+'; x E&!&"!# '"J C"!?A' H+!' $ %H+"&#A+' "#!&' *#$!&'; x E&!&"!# '"J C"!?A' H+!' $ "R' ;<' $ "D<' !#!H'; 3.2. T *<#$; "R= H+"&: x E&!&"!# "R= H+"& '"J #!H!;; x E&!&"!# '"J "R' H+' $ ;<' " "D<' !#!H' — ,= +?"I$'. 4. T &!' H+"&#A+= !E%C"F: x +%$"; x %E!D$"; x !D=*+!&"; x +$!@!&"; x ?"D@!&". § 3.       

$%!", E& E" ;<' J%%?' (!'') E& !D*'";$A# &="" &" %J& H! &D" %; !"C"F!!+*'%$?A" !' &J% " D+"E?% !' E&, +" ;$A ,' ;<!@!, D@?A!!H!&’D+!&!@! D<%41. 41   &. B. %!" %J& " E&: K"*<+ / K%. D !#. — U+"&: !#*', 2001. — 656 #. — .308.

   

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+%'* @*E* J%%? H+"&#A+!@! E& #+?;$A ! -   $ 5 . ! = &"!#$A#, D!+%', ""+!&" E&? $ D&<, ? !+*'%$= +%$&"& (%+C" 1993 ., E*H?"+C" K -500), ""+!&" E&? E! "+#! - 322 &" 01.01.79, ""+!&" E&? E! !@!&"= @$"= (%+C" 1978 ., E*H?"+C" K - 325), "J!" E&? E! "+#! (%+C" 1995 .), ""+!&" E&? ? '"JH+"&#A+!@! 'H#*& E! !+*'%$= +%$&= (E*H?"+C" 42 =DE :. #., <  ( . ., *F *. :.,  ( /. . +!&#+!% E&!: <%H. K!#!H%. — !#$!&--!*: !#$. @!#. x+!. *&%., 2003. — . 22.

   

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K 1995 . - 525), L!#-'J!" !H#$& (E*H?"+C" K 1985 . - 421 ()), ""+!&" E&? ? @$"F  E%R* &'!@* (E*H?"+C" K 1992 . - 458), ""+!&" E&? ? E!&%% $%?%$#'"#"F!@! !H'"* $!@!&' ' (E*H?"+C" K 1992 . - 452), "J! E+$+ %D%&= D!H!&’DA (E*H?"+C" K 1998 . - 590). "+&% J%%?! H+"&#A+!@! E& &"?I . . < — H+"&#A+% E&!&% '#?%, +% HD*I$A#  %+!!'"+!"#!&= E!$%H= H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" $ !'*I !C"+* %%+$&!#$" E&!&= !' " & D<"F '"" +!@*I D@?A" "?!&" D&<, +,43.

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x E"@!$!&+ D%'%?A= '#&"& ! %?"DC",; x +!$!?A D =!J%' +!R$"&, !%J*&= D ' +%$'; x DH%DE%<% E!@R% E!#$!<%!, DH!@!&!#$"; x &+! !*<%A  H+* M!! *+?% *@!58. K%"! 80—90-= . UU #$. =+$%D*I$A# E%&!; #$H"?"DC"I; H+"&#A+!, ##$%', EF$$' * D+!!&<= +$"&, #E'!&=  ,, D'"C%, M! #E?! !'*&; * #%?% !&" ! H+"& $ "R= +%$= *#$!&. +, 5 +&"$ 1883 . '""#$!' "#"& +!?!; *@% H*& &&%%F * "; T+! «K! D'" $ !E!&% "#*;<= E&? &"!#! &"+$$ !&= +C"!%= +!'%C"F= H+"&»,  D 1884 . H*& <!#$" D+! M!! *+C"!*&, E!+* #$&!% $ ?"+&"C", H+"&#A+= *#$!&.  E"#$&" CA!@! D+!* H*?! &D<%! #$*+$** H+"&#A+!, ##$%', +* #+??: x %J&" H+ (%J&F H+, D%'%?A" H+ (&!#A+F, #%?#A+F); x E&$" H+"&#A+" *#$!& (+C"!%" +!'%C"F" H+, +%$" #E"?+); x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
 %., < #. %?#A+F E!D%'%?AF H+ !#"F#A+!, "'E%", // "#+  . — 2002. — - 4. — . 60. 59 * $. $= ! "#$!", !D&$+* +%$!, ##$%' !#"F#A+!, "'E%", // "#+  . — 2001. — - 8. — . 51—52. 60 I  . %&#+% H+ 100 ?%$ D… //  %%@. — 2002. — -2. — . 66. 61 = ' &. %. +D EC. — . 22. 62 =   A. +D EC. — .53.

50

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) *         (    K&!&% #$!&M% H+"& E!$@!' &#"I, "#$!", !D&$+* +%$!, ##$%' * #A+F E%"! %!!D!&! D'";&?!#. K%"! 1917—1921 . =+$%D*I$A# E!#$*E!&!; ?"+&"C"I; H+"&, *+C", += M!! D"F#% H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& H*?! E%%! C%$?A!'* H;J%$!-!D=*+!&!'* *E&?";. T E%%=!!' ! %E*, * D&’D+* D E!J&&?%' $!&!@!R!&= &"!#, E!<? &"<*&$# E!$%H & !@"DC", +%$!, ##$%', + H &"E!&"? E!$%H' "?!&!@! !H"@*. %D*?A$$" D’&?# $+ +%$ ##$%', % %JH+*  &"&!?# !?A !@* @?* $ +!$!?; D "?A"#$; *#"= +%$= *#$!&. R" H+ "?  E"#$&" "D= !' &?#!#$". ! H*? * <#$!'* &@?" +!'%C"F' E"EI'#$&', +" D"F#;&? H+"&#A+" !E%C",. =" &"!# D +?"I$*!; %@*?;&?# C&"?A' E&!'63. K"#? D#*& * U+!&" #%*+,#A+!, +!$! %JH+* (J!&$%A 1921 .) &

+," #$&!;;$A# +!$! F "?", "R= H+"& (+!!E%$&!@!, $!@!&!-E!'#?!&!@!, #"?A#A+!@!#E!#A+!@!, +!'*?A!@!)64.

#!H?&! #*$$I&" D'" * E&!&!'* #$!&M" H+"& &"H*?# & %D*?A$$" +%$!, %!' 1930—1932 ., + '?  '%$" E%%$&!$ H+ & !@ «+!$!?; *H?%'» D &+!' E"EI'#$&' %J&= E?!&= D&A. +, D#!&"  %%J&"F !'" &?#!#$", H*?! ?"+&"!&! H! E%%$&!%!. +? ##$%' %J&= H+"&, + &+?;<? %JH+  $ #E%CH+. #" &! H*? !!<#! !@' %J&!@! *E&?" $ @!#E!#A+' !@"DC"' — ;<' !#!H', +" DF'?# @!#E!#A+!; "?A"#$;. [+M! ! +%$!, %!' %JH+  "F#! &""@&& !?A @!?!&!@! H+* %J&, $! E"#? %!' C !?A E!<? E!#$*E!&! D'%R*&$#. +&"$" 1959 . H+ !&@!#$!+!&= &+?%A H*? ?"+&"!&",  ,=" *+C", E%%" K!'H+* , E%%F'%!&!'* * T@?A!#!;DF H+ "#*& +E"$?A= &+?%A (*H+ ). T 1961 !+* &" #$& H%DE!#%%A! E"E!+!&*&$# " ""#$"& ,  % ""#$%#$&* "#"& (L) , + C% H*?! "R%. T CA!@! '!'%$* E&!&% E!?!J% %JH+*  $ *H+*  #$?! 63 ?@ $. #. +!&#+!% E&!. <%H!%  E+$<%#+!% E!#!H%. — .: D-&! , 1994. — . 27. 64 = ' &. %. +D EC. — . 23.

   

51

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«… %#E*H?"+#A+" H+ +!#$*;$A# E&' '""#$%#$& #!;D= %#E*H?"+». '%J= '""#$$&!-+!$!?A= E!&!&J%A H+ D"F#;&? &%?+* +"?A+"#$A E%%&"!+, * $!'* <#?" +!$!?A D &+!#$' !* !E?$ EC" $ "#*&' +E"$?A= &+?%A. [+ ;<" !#!H, M! DF';$A# @!#E!#A+!; "?A"#$;, #E%CH+ D"F#;&? "D" H+"&#A+" !E%C",. E!<$+* &# +?"I$* H*? "'E%$&! !DE!"?% '"J C' H+',  E!$"' &"E!&"! ! E!#$!&  ""#$"&  &" 31 $& 1989 . - 280 H*?! E!@!?!R%! E&! +?"I$  &H" H+* ? #&!@! +%$!-!D=*+!&!@! !H#?*@!&*&. T E!<$+!' *@!@! %$E* H+"&#A+!, %!' E&!&% E!?!J% +!'%C"F= H+"&, &+?;<;< %J&" #E%CH+, E!#$*E!&! E!<I H*&$ #, E$'= H+' +, D +!&!; %+!!'"+!;65. +         *   $  $!&?% H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +, !DE!<?!# D '!'%$* EF$$ %+?C", E! %J&F #*&%%"$%$ +, $ T+!* +,#A+!,  «K! %+!!'"<* #'!#$"F"#$A +,#A+!, ». +, * #$$$" 6 T+!* +, «K! %+!!'"<* #'!#$"F"#$A +,#A+!, » D+"E?%!: « +,#A+   65

52

?@ $. #. +D EC. — . 28. . . 

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» K"#? EF$$ DD<%= "#$!<= !+*'%$"& %=!&!; !;  20 H%%D 1991 . H*?! EF$! T+!  «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A»,  E"#$&" +!@! E!<?!# !'*& H+"&#A+!, ##$%' %D?%J!, +,. T+!!' D+"E?;&?# +?#< &!"&%& H+"&#A+ ##$%', + #+??# D C"!?A!@! H+* +, $ +!'%C"F= H+"&, * $!'* <#?" T!&"RA!%+!!'"<!@! H+* +,#A+!, ,

M!@! H+* +,#A+!, , %#E*H?"+#A+= $ "R= +!'%C"F= H+"& "D= !' &?#!#$". T+!!' E%%H<?!#, M! C"!?AF H+ I C%$?A' H+!' %#E*H?"+, ,, %'"#"F' C%$!', &" E!&!$A I* %J&* E!?"$+* & @?*D" @!R!&!@! !H"@*, +%$*, D'"C% @!R!&!, !C", !@"D*I '"JH+"&#A+" !D=*+, +!!*I "?A"#$A H+"&#A+!, ##$%' & C"?!'*, &D<I +*# @!R!&!, !C" &"!#! &?;$ "R= +,. !'* $+!J ?%J?! '!!E!?A% E&!  &E*#+ @!R%F & !H"@,  $+!J &E*#+ C"!?A= @!R!&= D+"& D "R%' %=!&!,  +,#A+!, .    

53

T@"! "D T+!!' +!'%C"F" H+ "D= &"& " !' &?#!#$" #$&!;&?#  +C"!%= H! EF!&= D#=. T+!" $+!J H*?! D+"E?%! ! "D !#!&= ECE"& H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" — E&! +?"I$  &H" H+*. T@"! "D DD<%' T+!!' C"!?AF H+ '& E&! &&$ !'$&!-E&!&" +$ D E$A, M! &=!? ! F!@! E!&!&J%A, !H!&’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«K! ##$%'* &?;$!@! %@*?;& $ &?;$!@! +!$!?;». +DF !+*'%$ D+"E& !#!& !'*& $ *+C"!*& &?;$!@! +*

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—1994 .) // +"&#A+ #E&. — 1996. — - 3. — . 34—46.

54

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#$%'" #$? %'!J?&!; %#+C"!!& %'"#" (&+% %H%$!&= D?R+"&  +!%#E!%$#A+= =*+=). E!&J% ##$%' %?%+$!= E?$%J"& (K) ?! D'!@* &"'!&$#A &" &+!#$ EE%!&= E?$"J= !+*'%$"&, M! E!+??! +F &+!#$; ?AR&= &"D!,  $+!J D<! E"&M$ R&+"#$A, +"#$A  "F"#$A &+! E?$%J"& * %J&". T !E!'!@!; E!@'!-$%="<= D#!H"& DH%DE%<%! "F* D=M%"#$A E?$%J"& &" D!&"RA!@! &$*<67. +' <!', * E%R" !+ %D?%J!#$" +, H*?! D+?%! !#!& H+"&#A+!, ##$%'. K!$%, + #E&%?&! &"'"<I . . !$;+,  CA!'* %$E" #E!#$%"@I$A# $+!J $%, M! &"#*$"#$A E&!#$*EC$& & !D=*+!&!-+%$= &"!#= !& #$&!%= H+"&, !@"DC" ,= "?A!#$"  D!&#"' "R"F !#!&", %!D&%% H+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&! '? F %@$&" #?"+, +" +!E<*&?#A, " &J% & #%%" 1993-@! —  E!<$+* 1994 . E!<? E!&?$# %@$&" $%%C",. "?AR"#$A +!'%C"F= H+"& H*? % & D'!D" +"#! &+!*&$ #&!, *+C",: % H*?! +!&!@! DH%DE%<%, E!C%# #$&!% H+"& #*E!&!J*&&# &#!+' $%'E' "?C",. ! & C= H+"& '!J &"%#$ F %&E&! '"C* E&’D+* H+"&#A+!@! +E"$?* ! E!'#?!&!@!. % &&??!#A * $!'*, M! 4/5 ,= #$$*$= !"& !'*&?#A D =*!+ %JE"EI'#$&,  C% !H*'!&?;&?! %D?%J"#$A H+"& &" ,= D#!&+"&, &$$* DC"+&?%!#$" & !H!$" D %D?%J' +?"I$'. "' $!@!, %+%$!' H"%$* ""#$"&

+, «K! &E!+*& "?A!#$" #*H’I+$"& E"EI'CA+!, "?A!#$", #$&!%= D *<#$; %J&= E"EI'#$&» &" 31 @* 1992 . 24-92 *#$!&?%!, M! %J&" E"EI'#$& % '!J*$A H*$ D#!&+' H*A-+= #*H’I+$"& E"EI'CA+!, "?A!#$". K&!#$*E+' %J&= E"EI'#$& #$!#!&! #*H’I+$"& E"EI'CA+!, "?A!#$", #$&!%= D ,= *<#$;, &D<%! !@, *E!&!&J%" *E&?$ %J&' 'F!'. % E!$@?! D #!H!; D'" * #+?" D#!&+"& H+"&68. =!&*;< &M%&+?%" E!H?%' * H+"&#A+!'* #%+$!", * #$*E" !+,  #'% * E%"! 1994—1995 ., C"!?A' H+!' +, E!&!?!# J!#$+% %@*?;& H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$". T!+%', * C%F E%"! H*? EF$" $+" !'$&!E&!&" +$, +: K!?!J% E! %+!!'"<" !'$& "?A!#$" +!'%C"F= H+"&, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?"  &" 30 <%& 1995 . - 167, K!?!J% C"!?A!@! H+* 67 =' . $. C"!?AF H+ — C%$ H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +,. @"DC"F!-E&!&F ?"D. — .: &<F "' « N%». — . 15. 68 =' . $.. — . 17.

   

55

+, «K! +%$*&», D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?"  &" 28 &%%# 1995 . - 246, K!!+ &%% +#!&= !E%C"F * !!'* @!#E!#$&" +,, D$&%J%F E!#$!&!; K&?"  &" 2 ?;$!@! 1995 . - 21, $ ". "' $!@!, H*? &%#%" D'" " ! D+!!&<= +$"& * #%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$". $!F J% <# H@$! E$A D?R?# %&"R%' " E!$%H*&? &M!@! "& !'$&!-E&!&!@! %@*?;& — R?=!' EF$$ #E%C"?A= D+!"&. *$$I&" D'" * H+"&#A+!'* #%+$!" &"H*?# D EF$$' 28 <%& 1996 . !#$$*C", +,, + D+"E? !#!& H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +,. +, !#$$*C"I; &D<%! !#!&" %?%'%$ E&!&!@! #$$*#*  ,  $+!J F!@! +%"&!@! !@* —  C"!?A!@! H+*. T@"! D !#$$*C"I; !#!& @!R!&!-+%$!, ##$%' &D<;$A# &+?;<! D+!'. %%D %+"?A+ !+"& E"#? EF$$ !#$$*C", +, H*? EF$" T+! +, «K! C"!?AF H+ +,» &" 20 $& 1999 . - 679-XIV, !& %+C" T+!* +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A». 23 #"< 2003 . H*?! EF$! !&F &"?AF +!%+# +, $ !#E!#A+F +!%+# +,. D&’D+* D EF$$' DD<%= +$"& C"!?AF H+

+, $+!J EF& D'" ! #&!,= !'$&!-E&!&= +$"& $ !D!H& !&" +$, #E'!&"  %?"DC"; D'" * D+!!&#$&" +,. $!F J% <# #*<#% H+"&#A+% D+!!&#$&! +, % I !#+!?',  M! D&%$I$A# *&@ * H@$A!= E!@'= !+*'%$= &M= !@"& %J&!, &? +,.

E!C%#" *!#+!?% H+"&#A+!@! D+!!&#$& %!H="! &=!&*&$, M! H+"&#A+ ##$%' %!D&! E!&’D D %+!!'"<!; ##$%'!; %J& & C"?!'*. D&’D+* D C' & *'!&= E!H*!& & +," %+!!'"+, D#!&!,  +!&= D#=, H+"&#A+!'* #%+$!* &"&%% D&<F! &J?& !?A (D!+%', +%$*& @?*D%F !!@! @!#E!#$& $ #%?%). "' $!@!, &=!&*;< E!#$"FF !D&$!+ *+!&!$%="<!@! E!@%#*, &+;$A !&" H+"&#A+" $%=!?!@",, +" &'@;$A %+&$!@! %@*?;&. +!#$" E+?* '!J &%#$ $+F "#$*'%$, + H+"&#A+" E?$"J" +$+, &+!#$ %?%+$!!@! C!&!@! E"E#* $ H@$! ". +' <!', E$ E&!&!@! %@*?;& H+"&#A+!, ##$%' "+!? % &$$$A #&!I, +$*?A!#$".

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68

. . 

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  . ;., =' . $. +D EC. — . 73—74.

   

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§ 3.    #$ "E!&"! ! #$$$" 8 T+!* +, «K! C"!?AF H+ +,» +%"&' !@' C"!?A!@! H+* I  C"!?A!@! H+* +, $ K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +,. +,           ) #     $  ?" DD<$, M! !@, ?!@"<" D #&!,' E!&!&J%' " C"!?A!@! H+*, "#*;$A * H@$A!= "R= %J&=. T!+%', * "'%<<" "#*I &"E!&" ,F D *+C"' 70

. . 

 C%$?A= H+"&, & [E!", — !'"$%$ &D<% '!%$!, E!?"$+, & &#$", —  %+$!"&, *  —  +%*;<=76. V E!"H" !@ & C%$?A= H+= "R= +,. ""D;$A# &! '"J #!H!; #+?!' $ E!+!' !'*&, !H#@!' *+C"F $ E!&!&J%A, E!$% =+$%' ? *#"= I ECE *+C"!*&, D@"! D +' DD<%" *$&!% &D<;$A ?R% !#!&", @?!H?A" E$ "?A!#$" C%$?A= H+"&, % &$*<;<#A * ,=; !E%$&* "?A"#$A77. ! #+?*  C"!?A!@! H+* &=!$A
+,, +F 'I &M* %+!!'"<* < "#!&* !#&"$* H! *+!&F #$*E"A * @?*D" %+!!'"+ $ "#"& " E CA!'* 'I !#&" E!#$"F!, !H!$ & !@= D+!!&
+, ! 1 &%%# E!$!<!@! !+* E!@!D!&" &"!'!#$" E! #?A! +!R$!#* ? &+?;<% ! E!%+$* %J&!@! H;J%$* +,  #$*EF "+. 76 " . ".,    $. %. $*+$*  *+C C%$?A`= H+!&. T*H%J`F !E`$. — .: , 1996. — . 15—36. 77 =' . $. C"!?AF H+ — C%$ H+"&#A+!, ##$%' +,. @"DC"F!-E&!&F ?"D. — .: &<F "' « N%». — . 49.

   

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x KF'I "R% E! DH"?AR% !D'"* #$$*$!@! +E"$?* C"!?A!@! H+*. x D<I *$!#A+* +!'E"; ? E!&%% *$!#A+!, E%%&"+ C"!?A!@! H+*, !D@?I *$!#A+F &#!&!+ $ D$&%J*I H*=@?$%#A+F H?# C"!?A!@! H+*, E*H?"+*I & !"C"F= *+!&= D#!H= '#!&!, "!'C", M!"<F H?# C"!?A!@! H+*. x T$&%J*I M!"<! ! 1 ?E D&"$ E! &+! +!R$!#* C"!?A!@! H+* $ !DE!"? EH*$+* D D&"$F H;J%$F "+. x T$&%J*I "R% K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* E! *<#$A * '"J!= "#!&= !@"DC"=. x !#$A %+!'%C", K&?"; C"!?A!@! H+* & '%J= !D!H?%= #!&= D# @!R!&!-+%$!, E!?"$+ #$!#!&!: '%$!"& $ !' E!@!D*& '+!E!+D+"& %+!!'"<!@! F #!C"?A!@! !D&$+* +,,  $+!J @!R!&!-+%$!, E!?"$+; !+%'= D=!"& '!%$!@! F %@*?$&!@! =+$%* $ ,= &E?&*  %+!!'"<F " #!C"?AF !D&$!+ +,; E!?"$+ +*#!*$&!% $ &?;$!@! %@*?;&; !D&$+* H+"&#A+!, ##$%' $ !+%'= !'$&= +$"& D E$A H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$"; &!#+!?% E?$"J!, ##$%'; "R= E$A, &"%#%= D+!!' ! +!'E%$%C",  C"!?A!@! H+*. x !#$A %+!'%C", H"%$* ""#$"& +, #$!#!&! &E?&* E!?"$+ %J&= DE!D<%A $ E!$+!&!, E!?"$+  #$ @!R!&!-+%$!, #% +,. x T '%$!; DH%DE%<% &+! #!&= D# @!R!&!+%$!, E!?"$+ 'I E&! D#$!#*&$ &"+??A% &%$! M!! "R%A K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* D E$A: &%#"+C", +$&"& C"!?A!@! H+* $ ,= ?"+&"!#$"; ?"'"$"& E!DH?#!&= D!H!&’DA; !'*& %D%&"&, E!+$$ "#!&= D+"&; E!+* &"=*&A !=!"& ! %J&!@! H;J%$* +,; '""'?A!@! !D'"* D!?!$!&?;$= %D%&"&; D "R= E$A, &"%#%= ! ,, +!'E%$%C",.  C"!?A!@! H+* % '!J% &$ %+!'%C", M!! !C"?A!#$" ED<%  E!# < D&"?A% D E!# !?!& C"!?A!@! H+*,
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73

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=' . $. +D EC. — . 46—47. "( ".,   %. C"!?AF H+ " #$$%@" @!R!&!-+%$!, E!?"$+ // !?!# +,. — 1999. — 6 +&"$. 79

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x &"#$A %@*?$&!@! +E"$?* & #*'", %+&"&?%$"F % '%R% "J 1 '? I&!; x #$!+ "?A!#$" %H+"&#A+!, "#!&!, *#$!& % '%R% "J ! "+ E"#? !$' ?"C%D", %J&!, +!'"#",  E!&J% "?A!#$" D  "#!&= E!#?*@; x &"#$A EH*$+* D ' "<!@! "#!&!@! D&"$* E! "#!&" %D*?A$$, E"$&%J%!@! *$!!'; x &"#$A ##$%' H*=@?$%#A+!@! !H?"+* $ D&"$!#$", M! &"E!&"I &'!@' D+!!&#$& +,, &#$!&?%!@! ? %H+"&#A+= "#!&= *#$!&; x &"#*$"#$A DH!@!&!#$" D D!H!&’D' E%% H;J%$' &#"= "&"&; x H%D!@ "?!& %E*$C" $ &"E!&" +&?""+C" +%"&+"& %H+"&#A+!, "#!&!, *#$!& (E!& &M ;< < %+!!'"< !#&"$ $ #$J !H!$ * "#!&!-H+"&#A+"F #%" % '%R% $A!= !+"&); x &"#$A +&?""+!&= +"& ? E!&%% &"E!&"= H+"&#A+= !E%C"F, +" ';$A &"E!&"$ +&?""+C"F' &'!@', &D<%' * !$+* ! K!?!J% E! E!!+ &<" H+' H+"&#A+= !E%C"F, E#A'!&= !D&!?"& $ ?"C%D"F  &+! !+%'= !E%C"F; x &"#$A E'"M%A, M! &"E!&";$A &'!@' CA!@! K!?!J%; x &"#$A $%="<= $ "R= *'!&, E!$"H= ? D"F#% !+%'= H+"&#A+= !E%C"F $ DH%DE%<% ,= ?%J!@! " #&!I<#!@! !H?"+* &"E!&"! ! D+!!&#$& +, (* $!'* <#?" &"E!&"% E!@'% DH%DE%<%, +!'E’;$% $%="+, +!'*"+C"F" D#!H $!M!); x !$' +$%",& " !'$&"&, *#$!&?%= ? %H+"&#A+= "#!&= *#$!& (* $!'* <#?" ?"+&"!#$", +E"$?*, E?$!#E!'!J!#$", EH*$+!&!#$", +!#$" +$&"& $ D+!&!#$" !E%C"F), E!$@!' !#$"= R%#$ '"#C"&, M! E%%*;$A D&%%; %H+"&#A+!, "#!&!, *#$!& ! C"!?A!@! H+*; x &"#*$"#$A D#$!#*& %J&!; +!'"#"I; D=!"& &E?&* ! %H+"&#A+!, "#!&!, *#$!& D E!*R% %; <!@! D+!!&#$& +, E!$@!' !#$"= R%#$ '"#C"&, M! E%%*;$A ,, D&%%; ! C"!?A!@! H+*. L"?" %H+"&#A+!, "#!&!, *#$!& 'I E&! D"F#;&$ !+%'" H+"&#A+" !E%C", D@"! D E!?!J%' E! "?"; $ D *'!& &<" ,F %H+"&#A+!; "#!&!; *#$!&!; — ;<!; !#!H!; !D&!?*  D"F#% &D<%= * CA!'* !D&!?" !+%'= H+"&#A+= !E%C"F, E!@!J%!@! D $%$!"?A' *E&?"' C"!?A!@! H+*. 124

. . 

§ 6.         ("   $  K&!&" D# E!&%% "#E%+C"F= E%%&"!+ +!'%C"F= H+"& & +," D+"E?%" * T+!" +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A». "E!&"! ! #$$$" 71 CA!@! T+!* +!JF H+ I !H’I+$!' E%%&"+  '"#C" "#E%+$!' C"!?A!@! H+* +, < *$!', ED<%' C"!?A' H+!' +,. K%%&"+ D"F#;;$A# D '%$!; &D<% "& H%DE%+ " #$H"?A!#$" !E%C"F H+*, !#$!&"!#$" D&"$!#$" H+* " !$' H+!' D+!!&#$& +, E! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A,  $+!J !'$&!-E&!&= +$"& C"!?A!@! H+* +,. K%%&"+ H+"& D"F#;I$A# &"E!&"! ! E?*, D$&%J%!@! C"!?A' H+!' +,. K?!& E%%&"+ D"F#;I$A# % <#$"R% !!@! D*  "+. K! E!&%% E?!&!, E%%&"+ C"!?AF H+ +, D!H!&’DF E!&"!'$ H+ % E"D"R%, "J D 10 "& ! F!@! E!<$+*. + D!H!&’D" DH%DE%<$ "#E%+$!' C"!?A!@! H+* +, $ "R' *E!&!&J%' ' !#!H' &"?AF !#$*E ! &#"= !+*'%$"& $ "!'C", D !$'' E&? C"I, #$$$",  E E%%&"C"  '"#C" — '!J?&"#$A &"?A!@! !#$*E* & !H!<F <# * &#" E'"M% H+*. %"&C$&! H+* ED<I +!'E%$%$!@! E%#$&+ ?  %!H="= !+*'%$"& $ E!#%A " DH%DE%<*I E'"M%' ? !H!$ EC"&+"& #?*JH H+"&#A+!@! @?* C"!?A!@! H+* +,. C"!?AF H+ +, '!J% EF$ "R% E! E!&%% E!DE?!&!, E%%&"+ H+* E &!#$" !H@*$!&= E"#$&. +% "R% 'I H*$ E"E#% !?!&!; C"!?A!@! H+* +, H! *E!&!&J%!; ' !#!H!;. ? D"F#% #&!,= E!&!&J%A M!! @?* C"!?AF H+ +, 'I E&! H%D!E?$! !%J*&$ &" H+"& "!'C"; E! ,= "?A"#$A $ E!#% D !+%'= E$A "?A!#$" H+*. % !E*#+I$A#  '$%"?"& E%%&"+ $%$"' !#!H' * D", +M! & '$%"?= E%%&"+ &"#*$" " E! +$ E!*R%A D+!!&#$&.

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125

I'!&"!# D H+!' D '%$!; &D<% &E?&* &"!# D "?"F!&!; !#!H!;  #$ H+*. ? C"?%F E%%&"+ "?"F!&" !#!H ;$A C"!?A!'* H+* +, #E &"E!&"! ! E!?!J%A C"I, #$$$" * $!'* J E!+*, M! D#$!#!&*I$A# ! H+"&.

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§ 7.    * *  *"   *       *   "E!&"! ! #$$$" 73 T+!* +, «K! H+ " H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A» * D" E!*R% H+' H! "R' !#!H', +" '!J*$A H*$ !H’I+$!' E%%&"+ C"!?A!@! H+* +, &"E!&"! ! CA!@! T+!*, H+"&#A+!@! D+!!&#$&, !'$&!-E&!&= +$"& C"!?A!@! H+* +, H! D"F#% D+!&= !E%C"F, +" D@!J*;$A "$%%#' &+?+"& < "R= +%$!"& H+*, C"!?AF H+ +, 126

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127

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x %D*?A$$"& E%%&"!+ "?A!#$" H+"& *$!#A+' !@"DC"', *E!&!&J%' &"E!&"! ! <!@! D+!!&#$&  ,= D"F#%; x E!E!DC"F L!* @$*& &+?"& "D<= !#"H * D" E!*R% H+!' !' T+!* +, «K! L! @$*& &+?"& "D<= !#"H»; x %D*?A$$"& E%%&"!+ !$' H+' &?;$!@! D+!!&#$&, D"F#%= *E!&!&J%' EC"&+' C"!?A!@! H+*, M! '"#$$A &&?%" E!*R% H+"&#A+!@! D+!!&#$&, !'$&!-E&!&= +$"& C"!?A!@! H+* H! D"F#% D+!&= !E%C"F, +" D@!J*;$A "$%%#' &+?+"& < "R= +%$!"& H+*. K D"F#%" @?* D *#$!&', M! &%*$A H+"&#A+* "?A"#$A & "R= %J&=, C"!?AF H+ #E"&EC;I D &"E!&"' !@' C= %J&. K!&"!'?%, "#?% &"E!&"' !@' "R= %J&, '!J% &+!#$!&*&$# ?R% D $+!; '%$!;: i ? E%%&" ?"C%D", *#$!&  E&! &%% "?A!#$"; i ? E%%&" E&  D"F#% H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$". ?" DD<$, M! D=! &E?&*, +" D#$!#!&*;$A# C"!?A' H+!' ! H+"&, ';$A H*$ %+&$' +!+%$' E!*R%', +" ' H*? !E*M%". H" %+&$= D=!"& &E?&*, +" D#$!#!&*;$A# ! H+"& &"E!&"! ! H+"&#A+!@! D+!!&#$& $ &+D!@! &M% K!?!J%, 'I D"F#;&$# D *=*&': x =+$%* !E*M%= H+!' E!*R%A; x E<, +" D*'!&? &+% &&?%= E!*R%A; x D@?A!@! "#!&!@! #$* H+* $ "& !#$$!#$" +E"$?*; x !D'"* '!J?&= %@$&= #?"+"& ? +%$!"& " &+?+"&.

§ 8.   

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129

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;<"F ?"$%$*" E" !D=*+!&' E&!&"!#' !D*'";$A *%@*?A!&F !'' E& !+%'F, #'!#$"FF & #*#E"?A= &"!#, +" &+;$A '"J *<#+' E D"F#%" H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& <%%D +%$" *#$!&. T!+%' [. . *"+ &D<I !D=*+!&" &"!# + «E&!&"!#, M! &+;$A &#?"!+ $+!@! *%@*?;& &"!# D !D=*+"&, E +!'* #*H’I+$ DD<%= &"!# % #E"&E;$A D #*H’I+$' &="!@! &"!R%, +% I E"#$&!; !D=*+"&»108. T F!@! $!<+ D!*, @!?!&!; !D+!;, + !D&!?I &"?$ !D=*+!&" &"!# & +!#$" #'!#$"F!@! &* #*#E"?A= &"!#, &"!+%'$ ,= &" HD!&= $!&!@!R!&= &"!#, I *<#$A & C= &"!#= !#!H?&!@! *<#+ — H+* < "R!, +%$!, *#$!&. K!"?;< C; $!<+* D!*, . L. *DA'" &D<I !$+!&F +$%"F #'!#$"F!#$" !D=*+!&= &"!# — !#!H?&* E&!&* %@?'%$C";109. ?!@"<* E!DC"; DF'I F L. U. "H%', +F DD<I, M! «+!? * E%%H<%= D+!!' &E+= @!#E!@ #E?<*I @!$"&+!&' @!R' D E!*+C"; H! $!&, &" D"F#;I @!R!&" !D=*+, ?% & CA!'* &E+* %'I !#!H?&= !D=*+!&= E&!&"!#.» 110.

. K. K!C%+!&F $+!J I E=?A+!' &M%&+?%!, $!<+ D!* M!! +$%",& #'!#$"F!#$" !D=*+!&= E&!&"!#, +" &+;$A E D"F#%" H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& <%%D *#$!& H+"& H! "R" +%$" *#$!&. T!+%', &" DD<I, M! !D=*+!&" &"!# «&?;$A #!H!; !#!H?&% +!?! #*#E"?A= &"!# E!C%*!@! =+$%*, +" %?"D*;$A &+! @!R!&= E?$%J"& * 'F!&= D!H!&’108

= M. %. %$`%  #<%$`% !$!R% & $!@!&?%. — .: w+!!'+, 1970. — . 16–17. 109 = . B. %$`%  #<%$`% E&!!$!R% & E!'`R?%!#$. — .: N. ?$., 1975. — . 21. 110 $  B. N. #<%$ #CE? E E!#$&+=. — .: N. ?$., 1974. — . 22.

   

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D=»111. K!$%, @!&!< E! $!&!!H'"" !E%C", (H$%" *@!), &" DD<I, M! «=!< & CA!'* &E+* 'I '"#C% E!$$ !D=*+"&, F!@!, DI$A#, % '!J H%DD#$%%J! &"%#$ ! E?!M !D=*+!&=, E! #*$", &+?;<! @!R!&= &"!#»112. K!"?;< &M%&+?%* E!DC"; ="&C"& M!! #'!#$"F!#$" !D=*+!&= E&!&"!# $ ,= &+?;<! @!R!&!@! =+$%*, % '!J E!@!$# D $!<+!; D!* K!C%+!&!@!

.K. M!! !$!$!J% E!$A «!D=*+!&" E&!&"!#» $ «!D=*+», !H'%J*;< +!?! !#$"= &+?;<! @!R!&!; !'!;. #?!&+* . . J%@!&, ! +!@! D&%$&# . K. K!C%+!&F ? D’#*& E!$$ «!D=*!+», " $+" D<% CA!@! #?!&, + «!D=*&$», «D&"?A% D &E?$!; D!H?%!@!», «'", E!E!DC"», «+!#$A», «%+!!'"», «&"F#A+!&F E"!D"?», «H*$ & !D=*+* — % '$ H!@* (!#. — % !?J%), % D!H!&’DF»113. !H$!, & !#$A!'* D<%" E" !D=*+!' !D*'"I$A# &"#*$"#$A H!@*, D!H!&’D. CA!'* #?!&+* #?!&!#E!?*<% «'$ H!@ (!#. — !?J%)» !D+&I$A# <%%D $+" D<%, + «D!H!&’DF #E?$$ H!@» $ «D!H!&’DF D!H$ M!-%H*A»114. ?!& «E?$"J», «E?$$» . . J%@!& &D<I +  +!R$"& & =*!+ E%&!@! &"R+!*& (E+?, D $!& H! & =*!+ E!@R% H!@*). +' <!', E" #?!&!' «!D=*!+» * DD<%!'* &" !D*'"I$A# E!&% H! <#$+!&% E!@R% H!@*: H! @!R!&' +!R$' — $!H$!, R?=!' E?$%J*, H! H*A-+' "R' <!' — & $!'* <#?" E!#?*@!; D E!#?*@* < $!&!' D $!&. K!?"D*&&R &D<% * DD<%!'* $?*'<!'* #?!&+* E!$$ «!D=*!+», «'$ H!@» $ «E?$"J», '!J D!H$ &#!&!+, M! E!$$ «!D=*!+» I H"?AR R!+', "J E!$$ «E?$"J», " !D<I E!&% H! <#$+!&% E!@R% H!@* R?=!' E?$%J* @!R!&' +!R$' H! R?=!' D#$!#*& H*A-+!@! "R!@! #E!#!H* !D=*+"&. +' <!', $%'" «!D=*+» !D@?;$A & %+"?A+!= D<%=. K!-E%R%, E" !D=*+' !D*'";$A H*A-+F #E!#"H EE% D!H!&’DA (+ @!R!&=, $+ " %@!R!&=) '"J #$!!', & $!'* <#?" &+! D!H!&’D & $*" $ D=*&111

"E K &.". +D EC. — . 49. ' #'!. — . 49. 113 &F) . /. ?!&A *##+!@! D`+. — .: !&%$#+ xC+?!E%, 1973. — . 616. 114 &F) ./. ?!&A *##+!@! D`+. — .: !&%$#+ xC+?!E%, 1973. — . 478. 112

180

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 !!"= D*#$"<= (E!#?"!&=) &'!@ (R!+% D<% $%'" «!D=*+»). K!-*@%, E" E!$$' «!D=*+» !D*'";$A #'% @!R!&" D!H!&’D (!H!&’D+) #$!", E?$%J" (&*DA+% D<% $%'" «!D=*+»). CA!'* D<%" E!$$ «!D=*+» %"+! !H'%J*;$A #%!; H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&, +" D"F#;;$A# #*H’I+$' @!#E!;& <%%D "#!&!+%$" *#$!&. %'" «!D=*+» $ «!D=*+!&" E&!&"!#» % I $!$!J'. !D=*+!&" E&!&"!# — C% &%@*?A!&" !'' E& &"!#, +" &+;$A * E!C%#" D"F#% H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& <%%D *#$!& H+"& H! %H+"&#A+" "#!&" *#$!&. !H$!, !H!&’D+!&' #*H’I+$!' C= E&!&"!# I H+ H! %H+"&#A+ "#!& *#$!&.

§ 2. 0       *  " * " %!H="! DD<$, M! * ;<"F ?"$%$*" $ * D+!!&#$&" +, %'I I!@! E"=!* ! &D<% E!$A «!' H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&» $ «#E!#"H H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&». $!#!&! #E!#!H"& E?$%J*, $! & *+!&"F ?"$%$*" &"?;$A# $+", +: E?$"J & E!&"F #*'", DD<%"F & !D=*+!&!'* !+*'%$" (@?!H?AF E?$"J); E?$"J & #*'" #?A! &DI'= &'!@ E?$+"& $ !%J*&<"&; E?!&F E?$"J, $!H$! E%%=*& +!R$"& D =*+* E?$+  =*!+ !%J*&<, &=!< D E?!&!@! !D'"* &$!#$" $!&"&, M! E!#$&?;$A#, H! = E!#?*@; @$!&F E?$"J D E!E%%"' %E!*&' +!R$"&  !+%'!'* =*+* & H+* D '"#C%' D=!J% E?$+ D E!?AR' ,= #E#' D =*+* E"#? D=*& +!R$"&; @$!&F E?$"J H%D #$&!% #E%C"?A!@! %E!D$* & H+* D '"#C%' D=!J% E?$+ D E!?AR' #E#' +!R$"& D !D=*+!&!@! H! E!$!<!@! =*+* E?$+ E"#? ,= D=*&  =*!+ !%J*&<; E%%=*& @!R!&= +!R$"& "D "D!'"$= =*+"& E?$+ D F!@! !*<%'  =*+ E?$+ $ E!#$<?A+115. 115 %A@  +%$ & #!C?#$<%#+!' !HM%#$&%: <%H+ / K! %. .. &*R. — 2-% D., E%%H.  !E. — .: L#`  #$$#$+, 1990. — . 74—75;  $. =. +D EC. — . 146.

   

181

#*I $!<+ D!*, &"E!&"! ! +!, +?"@ (D?"+ !!"= D*#$"<= &'!@) &?I #!H!; !'* H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&. E+?, & C+?!E%<!'* #?!&+* 'H?% +?"@!&" !D=*+ &D<;$A# + «!' !D=*+"&, M! D"F#;;$A#  !#!&" #E%C"?A!, *@! E! @$!&F D?"+ (#?A*&) &DI'= %H%$!&= $ +%$!&= DH!@!&!#$%F *<#+"&»116. % E!@!J*;<#A "D &M%&+?%!; E!DC"I;, ="&%CA & @?*D" %+!!'"<!, *+ . DC%& &&JI, M! +?"@ I #E!#!H!' !D=*+"&, +F " & +"F '"" % '!J !$!$!J;&$ D !'!; !D=*+"&. @*'%$*;< #&!; $!<+* D!*, &" DD<I, M! «!@"DC" H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& HD*I$A#  $+= &!= FH"?AR #*$$I&= $ &DI'!E!&’D= '"J #!H!; %?%'%$=: #E!#!H= !@"DC", E?$%J*; !'= !D=*+"& $ &"E!&"!'* ,' !+*'%$!!H"@!&", $!H$! #*+*E!#$" E&?, +" %@*?;;$A !' " D'"#$ !D=*+!&= !+*'%$"& $ ,= *= & E!C%#" !D=*+"&»117. K CA!'* E" #E!#!H!' E?$%J* &" !D*'"I «!@"DC"F* !'* D'"M% H%D@!$"&+!&' !D=*+' @!$"&+!&= +!R$"&, & !#!&" +!, ?%J$A E%&" J%%? E?$%J*»118. !H_*$*& #&!I, E!DC", . DC%& $+!J D&%$I *&@*  $%, M! «#E!#"H E?$%J*, + E&?!, % &D<I !'* !D=*+"&. R% !+%'" !' !D=*+"& (+%$&, !#!H?&F =*!+, <%+ D ?"'"$!&= +J!+) !H*'!&?;;$A &"E!&"F #E!#"H E?$%J*, E CA!'* H!;& +!R$"& I ,= %&"’I'' %?%'%$!'»119. DI'" !D=*+ &" !D@?I #'% + #E!#"H !@"DC", E?$%J*,  % + !#!H?&* !'* !D=*+"&. +' <!', @!&!< E! $%, M! !' !D=*+"& $ #E!#!H !@"DC", E?$%J* &DI'!E!&’D", . DC%& !!<#! E"+%#?;I, M! &! I !+%'', !#!&!E!?!J' #+?!&' %?%'%$' ##$%' H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&. !<+* D!* . DC%& E! $%, M! +?"@ I #E!#!H!' E?$%J*,  % !'!; !D=*+"& E"$'*;$A, D!+%', . . !'E%ICA $ V. . K!?!#A+F. @!?!R*;<  %E&!'"!#$" !$!$!J% DD<%= E!$A, C" &<%" E";$A +$C" E!DC"; . . F=%, +F & +!#$" +$%"; +?#"+C", !' !D116 w+!!'+  E&!: wC+?!E%<%#+F #?!&A 'H?%: K%. # %'./ K! !HM. %. . K. !+, . . *'!&!F, . E!&?!&!F  . — .: !?AR !##F#+ wC+?!E%, 1998. — . 79. 117 =  E %. D'`% #<%$` & !!' =!DF#$&% . — .: !#D$, 1959. — . 6. 118 ' #'!. — . 7. 119 ' #'!. — . 7.

182

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=*+"& DE!E!*&& #E!#"H E?$%J*. "E!&"!, &#" !' !D=*+"& &" !D"?& D C' +$%"I'  «&" !#!&" @*E: E?$"J" $ D?"+!&" !' !D=*+"&»120. . . !'E%ICA $ V. . K!?!#A+F DD<;$A, M! C% I «+?#"+C"I; % !' !D=*+"&,  #E!#!H"& ,= D"F#%, M! % !% " $% #'%»121. !$+!&' @*'%$!'  +!#$A DD<%!, E!DC",,  *'+* C= &$!"&, I $%, M! #'% E!$$ «+?#"+C"» E%%H<I !DE!"?
   

183

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184

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M%&+?%* E!DC"; E"$'*I " . . !!!&, + &D<I !'* !D=*+"& + «E&!&* !'* D"F#% !D=*+"&» 128. D DD<%!; $!<+!; D!* E!@!J*I$A# "

. K. K!C%+!&F L!'*?;;< #&!I &D<% !' !D=*+"&, &" @!&!$A, M! &! I «#*+*E"#$; "&"*?A! &D<%= ? +!J!, D = E&!&= !', +" D+"E?;;$A E&? D"F#% @!R!&= E?$%J"& '"J *<#+' 'F!&= D!H!&’DA R?=!' &#$!&?%= %J&!; ;<! D<*M= "F, !' !+*'%$C", $ E&? !+*'%$!!H"@* & #%" &"E!&"= #E!#!H"& !D=*+"&, %$%'"!&= &="' 'F!&' &"!#'»129. K CA!'* E" #E!#!H!' !D=*+"& &" !D*'"I «+!'E?%+#* +!#$*+C";, + E%#$&?I #!H!; !!'"$F !'?"D!&F E!!+ !#$*E* ! &+!#$ !' !D=*+"& & D?%J!#$" &" D#$!#!&*&!@! H!* D#!H"& E?$%J*, M! &"E!&";$A E&?' "D!'"$= E?$"J= !+*'%$"&»130. +' <!', . K. K!C%+!&F,  &"'"* &" E!DC", . . !'E%ICA $ V. . K!?!#A+!@!, &&JI, M! #E!#"H !D=*+"& I H"?AR R!+' E!$$', "J !' !D=*+"&.

. K. K!C%+!&F $+!J +?#"+*I !' !D=*+!&= !+*'%$"& & D?%J!#$" &" $!@!, D"F#;;$A# &!  E"#$&" !!@! < %+"?A+!= &"& !D=*+!&= !+*'%$"&,  $+" &" @*E, + "#$*'%$?A" !' (!D=*+ E?$"J' !*<%', !D=*+ & E!+* E%%+D* <%%D '""#$%#$& D&’D+*, !D=*+ E?$"J' &'!@'-!*<%', D &+!#$' !D=*+!&= <%+"&, +%$& !' !D=*+"&, +C%E$ !' !D=*+"&, !D=*+ "+#!&' !DE!J%' $ E?$"J' &'!@' H%D +C%E$* E?$+), $ +!'E?%+#" ("$%@C"F") !' !D=*+"& (!D=*+ &%+#%?', !D=*+ +C%E$!&' +%$&', !D=*+ * !'" !+*'%$!@! "+#!, !D=*+ D !E!'!@!; ##$%' %?%+$!= E?$%J"& «+?"I$-H+», !D=*+, D#!&"  D?"+* &DI'!, DH!@!&!#$", !D=*+ & E!+* E?!&= E?$%J"&). . . !#$!&C%& &D<I !'* !D=*+"& «+ &#$!&?%" D+!!&#$&!',  $+!J D&<' "?!&!@! !H!!$* #E!#!H &+! <%%D H+ H! "R* +%$* !@"DC"; @!R!&= D!H!&’DA, +" =+$%D*;$A# E%&' (') &!'(') !D128 129 130

 $. =. +D EC. — . 164. "E K &. ". +D EC. — . 135. ' #'!. — . 135—136.

   

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=*+!&!@!(=) !+*'%$("&), !+*'%$!!H"@!' $ #E!#!H!' E?$%J*»131. K" #E!#!H!' E?$%J*,  *'+* *+!&C, #?" !D*'"$ «#E!#"H E!@R% @!R!&!@! D!H!&’D E D"F#%" H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&. K CA!'* H*%'! &=!$ "D FH"?AR E!R%!, & ;<"F ?"$%$*" *'+ E! $%, M! #E!#"H E?$%J* I '!J?&' * &!= &"$=: H! R?=!' #E# +!R$"& D !!@! =*+*  "RF, H! R?=!' D?"+* &DI'= &'!@ $ D!H!&’DA, $!H$! #E# D =*+* #*' #?A! D?"+* (&DI'" !D=*+)»132. +' <!',  *'+* . . !#$!&C%&!,, !' H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"& &D<I$A# &"#$; $A!= #+?!&=: !D=*+!&' !+*'%$!', !+*'%$!!H"@!' $ #E!#!H!' E?$%J*. K!$% ?" * #&!I'* !#?"J%" &! E=!$A ! &#!&+*, M! &"'%J*& !"I, !' &" "R!, D"F#;I$A#  E"#$&" #'% &* !D=*+!&!@! !+*'%$133, D <',  R E!@?, % '!J E!@!$#. %DE%%<!, %!!D<"#$A $?*'<% E!$A «!' H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&», «#E!#"H H%D@!$"&+!&= !D=*+"&» $ E$ M!! ,= #E"&&"!R% & ;<"F $ %+!!'"<"F *+= % '!@? % E!D<$#  D+!!&#$&" +,. K CA!'* $&?F <# FH"?AR E!R%' H*?! &D<% * D+!!&#$&" !' !D=*+"&  E"#$&" !' E?$"J= !+*'%$"& $ !@"DC", !+*'%$!!H"@*. [+ DD<?!# &M%, #$*+C" %J&!@! H+*  - 2-1970 «K! H%D@!$"&+!&" !D=*+ $ +%$*& D !E%C"', E!&’D' D !D=*+'» +$%"I' +?#"+C", !' !D=*+"& &"?? & !#!&!@! !D=*+!&!@! !+*'%$,  E"#$&" +!@! D"F#;;$A# !D=*+. ?!@"<! &"R*&?!# C% E$ " & K!?!J%" «K! H%D@!$"&+!&" !D=*+ & @!#E!#A+!'* !H!!$" +,» &" 24.05.93 . - 22001/116, D$&%J%!'* "R%' K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 24.05.93 ., !!'?%' E!$!+!?!' - 37. E*+$" 1 CA!@! K!?!J% H*?! &+D!, M! &!! &D<I D@?AF %@?'%$ M!! !@"DC",, !' !D=*+"&, #$$"& !+*'%$"& " !+*'%$!!H"@*, +" &E!&J*;$A# & @!#E!#A+F !H!!$ & +," D '%$!; DH%DE%<% * FH"?AR +!!$+F <# +!'E%#C", &!H+' E!*+C",, M! E!#$<I$A#, &+!131   E :. . K&!&!% %@*?!&% ++%$&!F !'` #<%$!&: ##. … +. ;. *+. — ., 1998. — . 22. 132 ' #'!. — . 23. 133 ' #'!. — . 24.

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E!&!&J%F H+ +, E"#? !$' !+*'%$"& "!'*I H+, +F &"+&I +!%#E!%$#A+F =*!+, E! EF$% "R%. D" EF$$ E!D$&!@! "R% M!! &"+$$ =*+* H+!&"-+!%#E!%$* *E!&!&J%F H+ #?I E!R$!; H! E%%I <%%D E%#$&+ H+* E"E#* @!* E! &#$!&?% +!%#E!%$#A+= &"!#. K!?!J%' &D<%! $+" "#$!$" *'!& DD<%!, @!: I. K%'%$ @!. II. K!!+ &%% =*+*. III. H!&’D+ #$!". IV. "E!&"?A"#$A #$!". V. !D&’D #E!"&. VI. "#$A @!. VII. #!H?&" *'!&. VIII. K"#*'+!&" E!?!J%. IX. %+&"D$ #$!". U. . @!= !C"?A! E%%H<$ $%, M! H+ H%*$A  #%H% D!H!&’D M!! !DR*+*& E%%=!&=, ?% % !$'= E?$%J"&.

@! 'I H*$ *+?% & &!= E'"+=, E"E# &!' #$!!' $ D&"% E%<$+' H+"&. "' &+D!, @!, #$!! $+!J '!J*$A *+?#$: x *@!* E! !H#?*@!&*& D +%$&!; !'!; !D=*+"&; x *@!* E! E#+!% !DR*+* E?$%J"&; x *@!* E! E!&%% '"JH+"&#A+= !E%C"F; x *@!* E! %$!@!&%?A" !E%C", D@"! D <' D+!!&#$&!' +, $!M!.

E!&!&J%F H+ +,, +F &"+&I +!%#E!%$#A+F =*!+ & "!D%'"F &?;$" & "R!'* *E!&!&J%!'* H+* +,, D!H!&’DF E!$@!' $A!= !H!<= "& D  &"+$$ CA!@! =*+* (&+?;<;< %A &"+$$ =*+*) E!$ H! "#?$ E!&"!'?% E! &"+$$ =*+*  %#* !@* %J&!, E!$+!&!, #?*JH, * +!'* &" !H?"+!&*I$A# + E?$+ E!$+"& " DH!"& (!H!&’D+!&= E?$%J"&), D E!&"!'?%' E! F!@! &*<%. $!; E!<$+* D"F#% &$+!&= !E%C"F D +!%#E!%$#A+' =*+!' *E!&!&J%!@! H+* +, & "!D%'"F &?;$" I $ &"+$$ CA!@! =*+*. 236

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E!&!&J%F H+ +,, * +!'* D+$! +!%#E!%$#A+F =*!+ "R!@! *E!&!&J%!@! H+* +, & "!D%'"F &?;$", $ *E!&!&J%F H+ +,, =*!+ +!@! D+$!, E!$@!' $A!= !H!<= "& D  D+$$ CA!@! =*+* (&+?;<;< %A D+$$ =*+*) D!H!&’D" E!$ H! "#?$ E!&"!'?% E! D+$$ CA!@! =*+*  %#* !@* %J&!, E!$+!&!, #?*JH, * +!'* !H?"+!&*I$A# *E!&!&J%F H+ +,, +!%#E!%$#A+F =*!+ +!@! D+$!, D E!&"!'?%' E! F!@! &*<%.

E!&!&J%" H+ +, &"+&;$A +!%#E!%$#A+" =*+ & H+=-%%D%$= & "!D%'"F &?;$" & E!+*, M! &#$!&?%F & +,= %I#$C", C= H+"&. K CA!'* *E!&!&J%F H+ +,, +F &"+& +!%#E!%$#A+F =*!+ & "!D%'"F &?;$" * H+*-%%D%$", E!$@!' $A!= !H!<= "& (&+?;<;< %A !$' &" H+*-%%D%$ E"$&%J% E! &"+$$ +!%#E!%$#A+!@! =*+*) D!H!&’DF E!$ H! "#?$ E!&"!'?% E! &"+$$ =*+*  %#* !@* %J&!, E!$+!&!, #?*JH, * +!'* &" !H?"+!&*I$A# + E?$+ E!$+"& " DH!"& (!H!&’D+!&= E?$%J"&), D E!&"!'?%' E! F!@! !%J. E!&!&J%F H+ +,, +F D+&I +!%#E!%$#A+F =*!+ & "!D%'"F &?;$" & H+*-%%D%$", E!$@!' $A!= !H!<= "& (&+?;<;< %A !$' &" H+*-%%D%$ E"$&%J% E! D+$$ =*+*) D!H!&’DF E!$ H! "#?$ E!&"!'?% E! D+$$ CA!@! =*+*  %#* !@* %J&!, E!$+!&!, #?*JH, * +!'* &" !H?"+!&*I$A# + E?$+ E!$+"& " DH!"& (!H!&’D+!&= E?$%J"&), D E!&"!'?%' E! F!@! !%J. TD<%' K!?!J%' $+!J &#$!&?%! E&!&F %J' +!%#E!%$#A+= =*+"& +!'%C"F= H+"&, $!H$! E!!+ D=*& $ E%%=*& +!R$"& D C= =*+"&.

§ 4.    *(    % *      "   ("  K!!+ D"F#% +!$!?; D +!%#E!%$#A+' =*+' +!'%C"F= H+"& &D<%F, D!+%', * K&?= %I#$C", +!%#E!%$#A+= =*+"& H+"& C"!?A' H+!' +,, D$&%J%= E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, - 343 &" 15.08.2001 .    

237

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239

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242

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§ 1.           %  "  "   ?!&! «+%$» E!=!$A &" ?$#A+!@! «credere», M! !D<I «&"$», «!&"$». K!$$' +%$* !=!E?;I$A# $+% +!?! &M: 1) $!&F +%$, D +!@! !E?$ $!&* (H! D*#$"< E!#$&+ (E%%<) * E!+* !E?$ "R% !$'!@! $!&*) D"F#;I$A# <%%D E%&F E!'"J!+ <#* E"#? F!@! !$'. K! $!&F +%$ '!& F% " * $= &E+=, +!?  *'!&= &"#$!<% !E?$ &+!*I$A# !H!$ H! I$A# E!#?*@; 2) +!'%C"FF +%$, D +!@! D"F#;I$A# E!E%% !E?$ ?%J= ! E!#$&+ $!&"&, &+! !H"$ H!  E!#?*@; 3) E!D+, D +!, %<", &D<%" !!&' !D+', E%%;$A# * &?#"#$A E!D<?A+* D *'!& E!&%% E!D+!&C%&" * &D<%F #$!+ $+!, J +"?A+!#$" %<%F.  *'!&= E!D+ '!J*$A E%%&$# " @!R"; 4) E!$+!&F +%$149. D<% H+"&#A+!@! +%$* '"#$$A# * #E%C"?A!'* H+"&#A+!'* D+!!&#$&",  #'% * T+!" +, «K! H+ 149 & . . K&!&!% %@*?!&% !$!R%F, &!D+;M= & E!C%##% +%$!F %$%?A!#$ H+!& // ##. … +. ;. *+. — .: %&#+F C!?A`F *&%#$%$ '% # %&<%+!, 2000. — . 13—14.

   

243

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255

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257

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§ 1.     *" (")

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271

"FR? ! H+*  "'’ &+?+ &" "R!, !#!H, +M! !@!&!!' H+"&#A+!@! &+?* % E%%H<%! "R%. K CA!'* &&JI$A#, M! &+?+ E!@!&#  !%J @!R!&= +!R$"& &" "R!, !#!H, &R ,F %!H="" " E! =*!+ D &+?!'. !R$, E!'?+!&! D=!&"  =*!+ &+?+, E"?@;$A E!&%%; &"E!&"! ! #$$$" 388 CA!@! !%+#*. "E!&"! ! #$$$" 1063 &"?A!@! +!%+#* +, "D< H! ;< !#!H '!J% *+?#$ !@!&" H+"&#A+!@! &+?* (D!H$ &+?)  +!#$A $%$A!, !#!H.  !#!H H*&I E& &+?+ D '!'%$* E%’&?% %; ! H+* E%R!, &'!@, M! &E?&I D E& &+?+, H! &J% %; "R' #E!#!H!' '"* #+!#$$# $+' E&'. ! H*$$ !#!H!;,  +!#$A +!, D!H?%F H+"&#A+F &+?, E& &+?+ C" E& ?%J$A !#!H", + D!H? &+?. D<% "'%" "D<!, !#!H H! F'%*& ;<!, !#!H,  +!#$A +!, D!H?%F &+?, I "#$!$!; *'!&!; !@!&!* H+"&#A+!@! &+?*. [+M! !#!H,  +!#$A +!, D!H?%! &+?, &"'!&?# &" A!@!, !#!H, + *+?? !@!&" H+"&#A+!@! &+?*  +!#$A $%$A!, !#!H, 'I E&! &'@$ E!&%% &+?* H! E%%&%#$ F!@!  #&!I "'’. T@"! D" #$$$%; 1064 &"?A!@! +!%+#* +, *+?% !@!&!* H+"&#A+!@! &+?* D "D<!; !#!H!; " &%#% @!R!&= +!R$"&  ,, =*!+ D &+?!' E"$&%J*;$A# !M!; +J+!;. !M"F +JC" &+D*;$A# F'%*& " '"#C%D=!J% H+* (F!@! "?",), !'% =*+ D &+?!',  $+!J *#" @!R!&" #*', D=!&"  =*!+ $ #E#" D =*+,  $+!J D?R!+ @!R!&= +!R$"&  =*+*  '!'%$ E%’&?% !M!, +J+ * H+. "!'!#$" E! &+?, &+D" & !M"F +JC", I E"#$&!; ? !D=*+"& D &+?!' '"J H+!' " &+?+!'. < H+"&#A+!@! &+?*, &E?$ E!C%$"& D ' " &+! !DE!J%A &+?+ E! E%%=*& @!R!&= +!R$"& D =*+ D &+?!' "R' !#!H' D"F#;;$A# H+!' * D" E%’&?% !M!, +J+. [+M! !M* +J+* &$<%! H! E&%%! * %E$F ? E%’&?% #$, H+ D D&!; &+?+ &I F!'* !&* !M* +J+*. "E!&"! ! #$$$" 1065 !MF (%E!D$F) #%$"+$ E"$&%J*I #*'* &+?*, &%#%!@! * H+, " E& &+?+ (&!?!"?AC #%$"+$)  !%J D" #E?&!' &#$!&?%!@! #$!+* #*' &+?* $ E!C%$"&, &#$!&?%= #%$"+$!', * H+*, +F F!@! &&. D" !#$!+!&!@! E%’&?% !M!@! (%E!D$!@!) #%$"+$ ! !E?$ H+!' &E?<*I$A# 272

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§ 2. 6   *" (")  ( T D+!!&#$&!' +, !D"D;$A# & & &+?"& (%E!D$"&): x &+?  &'!@*; x #$!+!&F &+?. +, &"E!&"! ! #$$$" 1060 &"?A!@! +!%+#* +, !@!&" H+"&#A+!@! &+?* *+?I$A#  *'!&= &<" &+?*  E%R* &'!@* (&+?  &'!@*) H!  *'!&= E!&%% &+?* D" #E?&!' &#$!&?%!@! !@!&!!' #$!+* (#$!+!&F &+?). !@!&!!' '!J% H*$ E%%H<%! &%#% @!R!&!, #*'  "R= *'!&= ,, E!&%%. T !@!&!!' H+"&#A+!@! &+?* %D?%J! &" F!@! &* H+ D!H!&’DF &$ &+? H! F!@! <#$*  E%R* &'!@* &+?+, +"' &+?"&, D!H?%= ;<' !#!H'  "R= *'!&= E!&%%, +" &#$!&?%" !@!&!!'. '!& !@!&!* E! &"'!&* &" E&  !%   

273

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x !@!&!!' H+"&#A+!@! =*+*; x !@!&!!' H+"&#A+!@! &+?* (%E!D$*) D &<%; !M!, +J+; x !@!&!!' H+"&#A+!@! &+?* (%E!D$*) D &<%; !M!@! (%E!D$!@!) #%$"+$; x !@!&!!' H+"&#A+!@! &+?* (%E!D$*) D &<%; "R!@! !+*'%$, M! E"$&%J*I &%#% @!R!&!, #*' H! H+"&#A+= '%$?"& " &"E!&"I &'!@', *#$!&?%' D+!!', "R' !'$&!-E&!&' +$' * #%" H+"&#A+!, "?A!#$" (H+"&#A+' E&?') $ D&<' "?!&!@! !H!!$*. K!C%$" #$&+ D &+?' (%E!D$') !E%C"' &#$!&?;;$A# H+' #'!#$"F!. C"!?AF H+ +, &#$!&?;I "+$&" !D'" E!C%$= #$&!+ ? H+"& D *=*&' #$*C",  @!R!&!-+%$!'* +*.    

275

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279

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281

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&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 17 <%& 2004 . - 266 // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2004. — - 29. — $. 1962. #$*+C" E! E!!+ %@*?;& "?A!#$" H+"& & +,", D$&%J% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 28 #%E 2001 . - 368 // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2001. — - 40. — $. 1813. K!?!J% E! E!!+ &D<% $ !'*& !H!&’D+!&= %D%&"& ? H+"& +,, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 21 +&"$ 2004 . - 172 // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2004. — - 20. — $. 1377. K!?!J% E! #$*+$** ##$%' H+"&#A+!@! @?* C"!?A!@! H+* +, $ F!@! E!&!&J% M!! %+&$!@! %@*&  E!*R% & "?A!#$" +!'%C"F= H+"&, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 17 ?#$!E 1997 . - 380. K!?!J% E! !'"#"; C"!?A!@! H+* +, D E$A @?* $ %@*?;& "?A!#$" H+"&, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 9 ?#$!E 1998 . - 470. K!?!J% E! E!!+ #$&!% " %J&!, %I#$C", H+"&, &"+$$ ,= "?"F, E%#$&C$&, &""?%A, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 31 #%E 2001 . - 375 //

"C"FF "#+ +,. — 2001. — - 44. — $. 1991. #$ C"!?A!@! H+* +, $ %J&!@! +!'"$%$* +, D E$A %@*?$!!, E!?"$+ $ E"EI'C$& &" 30.12.2004 . - 9200 «K! &+?;<% ! V!@! %J&!@! %I#$* ;<= !#"H $ "D<= !#"H-E"EI'C"& = E! H+, D'" ! ,= #$$*$"& $ &"!'!#$%F E! &"!+%'?%" E"!D"? H+"&». K!?!J% E! D#$!#*& C"!?A' H+!' +, D=!"& &E?&* D E!*R% H+"&#A+!@! D+!!&#$&, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 28 #%E 2001 . - 369 // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2001. — - 41. — $. 1864. K!?!J% E! D"F#% H+' "#!&!@! '!"$!@*, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 14 $& 2003 . - 189 // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2003. — - 22. — $. 992. #$*+C" E! H%D@!$"&+!&" !D=*+ & +," & C"!?A"F &?;$", D$&%J% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, - 22 &" 21.01.2004 . // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2004. — - 13. — $. 908. #$*+C" E! E!!+ &"+$$, &+!#$ " D+$$ =*+"& * C"!?A"F $ "!D%'= &?;$=, D$&%J% K!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, - 492 &" 12.11.2003 . // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2003. — - 51. — $. 2707. #$*+C" E! +#!&" !E%C", & H+= +,, D$&%J% K!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, - 337 &" 14.08.2003 . //

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+, =*+"& H+"&-+!%#E!%$"& & "!D%'"F &?;$" $ & @&=, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, - 118 &" 26.03.1998 . // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 1998. — - 15 &" 30.04.98. K!?!J% E! %@*?;& C"!?A' H+!' +, ?"+&"!#$" H+"& +, R?=!' %"#*&, %E!D$= $ "R= !E%C"F, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, - 584 &" 24.12.2003 . // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2004. — - 4. — $. 177. K!?!J% E! E!!+  E"?A@!&= !&@!$%'"!&= +%$"& '!?!' #"'’' $ !!+' '!?!' @!''  H*"&C$&! (%+!#$*+C";) " EH J$?, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; H"%$* ""#$"& +, &" 29 $& 2001 . - 584 // "C"FF "#+

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"C"FF "#+ +,. — 2004. — - 45. — $. 2976. K!?!J% E! E!!+ &<" C"!?A' H+!' +, "&"*?A= ?"C%D"F  !D'"M% %D%$' (;<' $ "D<' !#!H') &?;$= C"!#$%F  =*+= D '%J' +,, D$&%J%% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, &" 14 J!&$ 2004 . - 485, D%I#$!&% & ""#$%#$&" ;#$C", +, 5 ?#$!E 2004 . D - 1413/10012 // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2004. — - 45. — $. 2978. #$*+C" E! E!!+ D"F#% +!$!?; " !$' ?"C%D"F D %+#E!$', "'E!$' $ ?"D@!&' !E%C"', D$&%J% E!#$!&!; K&?" C"!?A!@! H+* +, - 136 &" 24.03.99 // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 1999. — - 22 &" 18.06.99. K!#$!& H"%$* ""#$"& +, «K! !!+ %+!'%C"F *E D !D!H+ "#!&= D=!"& H!!$AH D &"'&' @!R%F (FATF)» &" 28.08.2001 . - 1124 // "C"FF "#+ +,. — 2001. — - 35. — $. 1630. %+$&  &" 19 <%& 1991 . - 91/308/V E! DE!H"@ &+!#$; "#!&!, ##$%' D '%$!; &"'& @!R%F // = 

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